MATHEMATICS

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SESSION 4

Engr. Broddett B. Abatayo, GE, REA

 TOPICS for Lecture 1
• Distance between a two points
• Distance between a point and a line
• Distance between two parallel lines
• Slope of a line
• Intercept
• Area given the vertices
• Equation of a line
• Angle between two lines
• Angle of inclination
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

EXAMPLE 1: Find the distance between (4,-3)

and (-2,-5).

a. 11.31 b. 9.54
c. 10.11 d. 6.32
Ans. D
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

EXAMPLE 2: If the distance between (3,y)

and (8,7) is 13.
What is the value of y.

a. 3 b. 19
c. 12 d. 11
Ans. B
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

EXAMPLE 3: The line passes through (2,4) , (7,-

8) and (x,16). Find the value of x

a. -3 b. 3
c. 0 d. -1

Ans. A
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

EXAMPLE 4: The line passes through

(2,4) , (7,-8) and (12,y). Find
the value of y

a. -30 b.
30
c. -20
d. 20 Ans. C
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

EXAMPLE 5: Determine the coordinates of a

point which is 3/5 of the way from
point (2,-5) and (-3,5).

a. (-1,1) b. (-2,1)
c. (-1,2) d. (1,-1)
Ans. A
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

EXAMPLE 6: The segment from (-1,4) to (2,-2) is

extended three times its own
length. The terminal point is

a. (11,-24) b. (-11,-20)
c. (11,-18) d. (11,-20)
Ans. D
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

EXAMPLE 7: If (-2,-4) is the midpoint of (6,-7)

and (x,y), then the values of x and
y are

a. x=2 , y=1 b. x=-10 ,

y=-1
Ans.
c. B
x=10 , y=-1 d. x=-8 ,
y=-1
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

EXAMPLE 8: The line segment connecting (x,6)

and (9,y) is bisected by the point (7,3).
Find the values of x and y

a. 14 , 6 b. 33 , 12
c. 5 , 0 d. 14 , 6

Ans. C
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

EXAMPLE 9: Find the coordinates of a point

equidistant from (1,-6), (5,-6) and (6,-1).

a. (2,-2) b. (3,-2)
c. (3,-3) d. (2,-3)

Ans. C
DISTANCE BETWEEN A POINT AND A LINE
y

(x₁,y₁)
Ax + By + C = 0
d

Formula:

Ax₁ + By₁ + C
d=
√ A² + B²
 DISTANCE BETWEEN A POINT AND A LINE

EXAMPLE 10 : Find the distance between point (-

5,7) and the line 5x – 6y + 9.

a. 7.43 b. 7.29
c. 7.86 d. 7.58

Ans. A
 DISTANCE BETWEEN A POINT AND A LINE

EXAMPLE 11: The distance between point and

the line 5x – 3y + 2 is 0.86, Find the
location of a point.

a. (4,3) b. (-3,4)
c. (3,4) d. (-4,3)
Ans. C
 DISTANCE BETWEEN A POINT AND A LINE

EXAMPLE 12: The distance between point (3,-

7) and the line is 4.85, Find the
equation of a line.

a. 4x - 5y + 6 b. 4x +
5y - 6
Ans.
c. D
4x - 6y + 5 d. 4x +
6y - 5
 DISTANCE BETWEEN A POINT AND A LINE

EXAMPLE 13: The two points on the lines 2x +

3y + 4 = 0 which are at a distance
2 from the line
3x + 4y – 6 = 0 are

a. (-5,1) and (-5,2) b. (64,-44)

and (4,-4)
Ans. B
c. (8,8) and (12,12) d. (44,-64)
and (-4,4)
DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL
y
LINES
Ax + By + C₁ = 0

Ax + By + C₂ = 0
Formula:

C₁ - C₂
d=
√ A² + B²
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL
LINES
EXAMPLE 14: Find the distance between the
given lines
4x – 3y – 12 = 0 and 4x – 3y + 8
= 0.

a. 3 b. 4
Ans. c.
B 5 d. 6
 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL
LINES
EXAMPLE 15: Find the distance between the
lines
3x + y – 12 = 0 and 3x + y – 4 =
0.

Ans.a.B2.31 b. 2.53
c. 3.33 d. 2.26
 y SLOPE OF A LINE y
(x₂,y₂) Ax + By + C = 0

x
x

(x₁,y₁)

Given two points: Given general equation of a line:

y₂ - y₁ A
m= Where: x₂ ≠ x₁ m=-
x₂ - x₁ B
y
y
Y = A + Bx

ᶿ
x
x

Given slope-intercept form equation of a line: Given the angle of inclination:

m=B m = tan ᶿ
 SLOPE OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 16: Find the slope of a line defined

by y – x = 5

a. 1 b. 1/4
c. -1/2 d. 1/2
Ans. A
 SLOPE OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 17: What is the slope of the line 3x

+ 2y + 1 = 0

a. 3/2 b. 2/3
c. -3/2 d. -2/3
Ans. C
 SLOPE OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 18: A line passes trough (1,5) and

(10,-8). Find the slope of the line

a. -5/6 b. -13/9
c. -1/2 d. 3/2

Ans. B
 SLOPE OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 19: The slope of the line joining the

points (3,-5) and (4,10) is

a. 15 b. -15
c. 12 d. 11

Ans. A
 SLOPE OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 20: The line 2x – 3y -7 = 0 is

perpendicular to another line L₁ of
unknown equation. Find the slope of
L₁

a. 3/2 b. -3/2
c. 2/3 d. -2/3
Ans. B
 X AND Y INTERCEPT

EXAMPLE 21: From the given points (1,5) and

(10,-8). Find the x-intercept

a. 58/7 b. 58/13
c. 58/11 d. 58/9

Ans. B
 X AND Y INTERCEPT

EXAMPLE 22: From the given points (1,5) and

(10,-8). Find the y-intercept

a. 58/7 b. 58/13
c. 58/11 d. 58/9

Ans. D
AREA GIVEN THE VERTICES

A (x₁,y₁)

C (x₃,y₃) v B (x₂,y₂)

Formula:

x₁ y₁ 1
Area = ½ det x₂ y₂ 1
x₃ y₃ 1
 AREA GIVEN THE VERTICES

EXAMPLE 23: Given the vertices of a triangle

whose coordinates are (1,1) ,
(3,-3) and (5,-3). Find the area of the
triangle

a. 3 sq. units b. 4 sq.

units
Ans.
c. B
5 sq. units d. 6 sq.
units
 AREA GIVEN THE VERTICES

EXAMPLE 24: Given the vertices of a triangle

whose coordinates are (-2,0) ,
(4,0) and (3,3). Find the area of the
triangle

a. 8 sq. units b. 9 sq.

units
Ans.c.B10 sq. units d.11 sq.
units
 AREA GIVEN THE VERTICES

EXAMPLE 25: Given the vertices of a square

whose coordinates are (1,1) ,
(0,8) , (4,5) and (-3,4). What is
the area

a. 20 sq. units b. 30 sq.

units
Ans.
c. C25 sq. units d.35 sq.
units
 EQUATION OF A LINE

y = mx + b (Slope-Intercept Equation of a Line)

y – y1 = m(x – x1) (Point-Slope Equation of a Line)

Ax + By + C = 0 (General Form for the Equation of a Line)

x/a + y/b = 1 (Two Intercept Form for the Equation of a Line)

y=b (Vertical Line Equation)

x=a (Horizontal Line Equation)

 EQUATION OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 26: Find the equation of a line passing

through the origin and with a slope of 6

a. y – 6x = 0 b. y = -6
c. y + x = -6 d. 6x + y
=0
Ans. A
 EQUATION OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 27: A line passes trough (1,-3) and (-

4,2). Write the
equation of the line in slope-
intercept form

a. y – 4 = x b. y = -x
-2 Ans. B
c. y = x - 4 d. y – 2
=x
 EQUATION OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 28: The equation of a line that

intercepts the x-axis at x=4 and the y-
axis at y=-6 is

a. 3x + 2y = 12 b. 2x - 3y
= 12
Ans.
c. C3x - 2y = 12 d. 2x +
3y = 12
 EQUATION OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 29: Find the equation of a line

through point (3,1) and is
perpendicular to the line x + 5y +5 = 0.

a. 5x - 2y = 14 b. 5x - y
= 14
Ans.
c. B
2x - 5y = 14 d. 2x +
5y = 14
 EQUATION OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 30: What is the equation of the line

passing through (-2,6) with the
x-intercept half the y- intercept.

a. x - y = 6 b. 2x +
2y + 2 = 0
c. 3x + y – 2 = 0 d. 2x + y
– 2 = 0 Ans. D
 EQUATION OF A LINE

EXAMPLE 31: A line passes through (2,2). Find

the equation of the line if the length of
the line segment intercepted by the
coordinates axes is the square root of
5.

a. 2x + y -2 = 0 b. 2x - y -
2=0
Ans.
c. B
2x - y + 2 = 0 d. 2x + y
+2=0
ANGLE BETWEEN THE TWO LINES
L₁
y

L₂

Formula:

m₂ - m₁
tan ᶿ =
1 + m₂m₁
 ANGLE BETWEEN TWO LINES

EXAMPLE 32: A line passes through (1,5) and

(10,-8). Find the angle it makes with the
x-axis.

a. 56.3545⁰ b.
53.3448⁰
Ans.c.C-55.3048⁰ d.
-54.4646⁰
 ANGLE BETWEEN TWO LINES

EXAMPLE 33: Find the acute angle of

intersection of the lines 3x - 7y = 5
and 2x + 5y = 1.

a. 50⁰ b. 45⁰
c. -30⁰ d. -40⁰
Ans. B
 ANGLE BETWEEN TWO LINES

EXAMPLE 34: A line with an inclination of 45⁰

passes through
(-5/2,-9/2). What is the x-coordinate
of a point on the line if its
corresponding y-coordinate is 6?

a. 6 b. 7
Ans.c.C8 d. 9