The First Voyage Around The World by Antonio Pigafetta

IN SEARCH OF NEW LANDS
• THE 15TH AND 16TH CENTURIES BROUGHT AN ERA OF WORLD WIDE EXPLORATION AND
EXPANSION THAT RESULTED FROM THE DESIRE TO GAIN NEW LANDS POWER, WEALTH
FOR THE EXPLORERS AND THEIR COUNTRIES.
• THE FALL OF CONSTANTINOPLE 1435 AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE OTTOMAN TURKS
CLOSED THE FORMER TRADE ROUTES TO THE EAST, CAUSING THE MONARCHS AND
NAVIGATORS OF EUROPE TO FIND NEW ROUTES ACROSS THE SEAS.
• THE END OF THE RECONQUISTAS IN 1942, PAVED WAY FOR GREAT VOYAGES INCLUDING
THE DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD FOR SPAIN.
• CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, WHO HAD FAILED TO CONVINCE THE KING OF PORTUGAL
THAT HE COULD REACH THE EAST BY SAILING WESTWARD, WAS ABLE TO GET THE
SUPPORT OF THE SPANISH CROWN.
• AFTER THESE REMARKABLE VOYAGES, PORTUGAL AND SPAIN BECAME KEEN RIVAL IN
COLONIZING NEW LANDS BECAUSE OF GOLD, SPICES, AND OTHER MERCHANDISE FOUND
IN THE ORIENT, AS WELL AS THEIR RELIGIOUS ZEAL TO PROSELYTIZE THE NATIVES.
• ON MAY 3, 1493, POPE ALEXANDER VI, ATTEMPTING TO SETTLE THE RIVALRY, ISSUED A
PAPAL BULL KNOWN AS THE INTER CAETERA.
• THE POPE DECREED THAT THE SPANISH ZONE OF EXPLORATION SHOULD BE WEST OF THE
IMAGINARY LINE DRAWN NORTH TO SOUTH, 100 LEAGUES WEST OF THE AZORES AND
CAPE VERDE ISLANDS. ALL LANDS EAST OF THE DEMARCATION LINE SHOULD BELONG TO
PORTUGAL.
• THE DEMARCATION LINE WAS DRAWN TO IDENTIFY SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE
SPHERES OF EXPLORATION AND CONQUEST.
• TREATY OF TORDESILLAS, TO MOVE THE DEMARCATION LINE 370 LEAGUES WEST OF

CAPE VERDE ISLANDS AND STILL BE GUIDED BY THE PROVISIONS OF THE PAPAL BULL.
THE REVISED TREATY ALLOWED PORTUGAL TO CLAIM WHAT IS NOW BRAZIL WHILE
SPAIN WAS GIVEN THE REST OF THE AMERICAS.
MAGELLAN’S NEW ROUTE TO THE EAST
• FERDINAND MAGELLAN, HE IS A PORTUGUESE EXPLORER WHO SAILED, UNDER SPAIN TO
REACH THE MOLUCCAS WITHOUT CROSSING PORTUGUESE TERRITORY.
• HE PROPOSED ROUTE TO MOLUCCAS BY SAILING WEST AND THROUGH AN ATLANTIC
PASSAGE TO PACIFIC COULD BE FOUND.
• INTRODUCED CHRISTIANITY IN THE PHILIPPINES.
VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD
• SAN LUCAR DE BARRAMEDA, SPAIN, ON SEPTEMBER 20, 1519 WITH FIVE SHIPS NAMELY:
TRINIDAD, CONCEPTION, SANTIAGO, SAN ANTONIO, AND VICTORIA TOGETHER WITH 270
MEN.
• ACCOMPANYING HIM WERE FR. PEDRO DE VALDERRAMA (FLEET CAPTAIN), ANTONIO
PIGAFETTA (CHRONICLER OF THE EXPEDITION), DUARTE BARBOSA (MAGELLAN’S
BROTHER-IN-LAW), AND HIS MALAY SLAVE ENRIQUE OF MALACCA (ACTING AS
INTERPRETER).
• CANARIES ISLAND ON SEPTEMBER 26. THE FLEET THROUGH FAMILIAR WATERS ALONG
THE WEST COAST OF AFRICA.
• CROSSING THE ATLANTIC, THEY LANDED ON THE SOUTH AMERICAN COAST, NOW
PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL ON NOVEMBER 29.
• DECEMBER 13, MAGELLAN VOYAGE REACH RIO DE JANEIRO. HE NAMED IT SANTA LUCIA,
BECAUSE HE LANDED THERE ON SAINT’S FEAST DAY.
• THE VOYAGE CONTINUED AT RIO DE PLATA. BY THE TIME THEY WERE AT THE TIP OF THE
SOUTH AMERICAN CONTINENT, IT WAS ALREADY WINTER. THESE SNOWSTORMS WERE
IN A HEADSTRONGS.
• THE MEN BECAME APPREHENSIVE AND ASKED MAGELLAN THAT THEY ALL RETURN TO
SPAIN . MAGELLAN DECLINED.
• PORT SAN JULIAN (ARGENTINA) IN MARCH 1520.
• UNKNOWN TO MAGELLAN SOME OFFICERS TOOK INTO COMMAND THE MANEUVERING

OF THREE SHIPS, THE SAN ANTONIO, THE CONCEPCION, AND VICTORIA.
• THE NEXT DAY, GASPAR DE QUESADA, CAPTAIN OF THE CONCEPCION, WROTE TO
MAGELLAN THAT HE AND OTHERS WOULD NOT RECOGNIZE HIS AUTHORITY UNLESS
THEY RETURN IMMEDIATELY TO SPAIN.
• JUAN DE CARTEGANA, ANTONIO DE COCA, JUAN SEBASTIAN DEL CANO AND GASPAR DE
QUESADA WERE FOUND GUILTY OF TREASON BUT PARDONED.
• MAGELLAN HAD THE TWO LEFT OFF THE COAST OF AN UNNAMED ISLANDS.
• WITH THE FIRST SIGNS OF SPRING, THE EXPLORATORY VOYAGE CONTINUED IN SEARCH
OF A ROUTE TO THE SOUTHERN SEA. (PACIFIC OCEAN).
• A STRONG TYPHOON HAD DRIVEN ASHORE AND DESTROYED THE SMALLEST SHIP
SANTIAGO.
• IN AUGUST, THE FOUR SHIPS WENT FARTHER SOUTH AND EVENTUALLY, THEY CAME
UPON A STRAIT, WHICH MAGELLAN CALLED “STRAIT OF ALL SAINTS”. (STRAIT OF
MAGELLAN)
• MAGELLAN SENT THE SAN ANTONIO TO EXPLORE THE SOUTHEAST OPENING OF THE
STRAIT. TRINIDAD ENTERED THE SOUTHWEST. SECRETLY, SAN ANTONIO, PILOTED BY
ESTEBAN GOMEZ, DESERTED ON THE NIGHT OF NOVEMBER 20 AND SAILED BACK FOR
SPAIN.
• THE FLEET REACHED THE SOUTHERN SEA, WHICH MAGELLAN NAMED OCEAN PACIFIC
BECAUSE IT WAS CALM.
• UNFORTUNATELY, MAGELLAN HAD UNDERESTIMATED THE OCEAN’S SIZE. IN THE NEXT

FIVE MONTHS, SHIP WAS RUNNING OUT OF SUPPLIES. INSTEAD OF BISCUITS, THE MEN
ATE SAWDUST. THEY ALSO STARTED TO EAT LEATHER ROPE GUARDS AND EVEN RATS.
MANY GOT SICK WITH SCURVY (A GUM DISEASE). A NUMBER OF HIS MEN DIED.
• MARCH 6, 1521 THEY REACHED AN ISLAND IN WESTERN PACIFIC. HE CALLED IT ISLAS

LANDRONES (ISLAND OF THIEVES) LATER TO BE NAMED MARIANAS. BECAUSE OF SOME
OF THE NATIVE CHAMORROS HAD STOLEN A BOAT FROM FLAGSHIP. TO STOP THEM,
MAGELLAN ORDERED HIS MEN FIRE THEIR GUNS.
• FROM LADRONES ISLANDS, MAGELLAN’S FLEET WENT ON THEIR JOURNEY WESTWARD.
• AT THE DAWN OF SATURDAY, ON MARCH 16, 1521, THEY SAW THE TOWERING HEIGHTS
OF SAMAR AND NAMED THE ISLAND ISLAS DE SAN LAZARO, FOR IT WAS THE FEAST DAY
OF ST. LAZARUS. THEY STAYED OVERNIGHT OFF SULUAN ISLAND.
• THE FOLLOWING DAY, THEY LANDED ON THE SMALL UNINHABITED ISLET OF HUMUNU
(HOMONHON) FOUND AT THE MOUTH OF LEYTE GULF AND BUILT TWO TENTS FOR THE
SICK.
• ON THE THIRD DAY AFTER THEIR ARRIVAL ON MARCH 18, 1521, THEY MET NINE MEN
NATIVES FROM THE NEIGHBORING ISLAND OF SULUAN WHO ARRIVED IN A BOAT. SEEING
THEM AS FRIENDLY PEOPLE, MAGELLAN GAVE THEM RED CAPS, MIRRORS, COMBS,
SMALL BELLS, IVORY, FINE LINEN CLOTH, AND OTHER TRIFLES. IN RETURN, ISLANDERS
GAVE THEM THEIR CARGO OF BANANAS, FISH, COCONUTS, AND PALM WINE (TUBA)
• ON HOLY THURSDAY, MARCH 28, THE FLEET LANDED IN ANOTHER ISLAND CALLED
MAZAUA, WHICH COULD BE LIMASAWA IN LEYTE OR MASAO IN BUTUAN.
• RAJAH KOLAMBU WAS ROWED TO WHERE THE EUROPEANS WERE. AT FIRST, HE REFUSED
TO BOARD MAGELLAN’S BIG SHIP. FINALLY, THE RAJAH WELCOMED MAGELLAN AND
VISITED HIM ABOARD HIS SHIP. HE GAVE MAGELLAN THREE PORCELAIN JARS OF RICE,
WHILE MAGELLAN GAVE A RED CAP AND A RED AND YELLOW ROBE.
• SUBSEQUENTLY, MAGELLAN’S MEN HELD A MOCK FIGHT. THE SOLDIER IN A SUIT OF
ARMOR REMAINED UNHURT EVEN AFTER HE WAS STRUCK. RAJAH KOLAMBU WAS
FASCINATED AND NOTED THAT ONE MAN IN SUCH ATTIRE WAS WORTH 100 FIGHTERS.
• RAJAH KOLAMBU DECIDED TO SEAL THEIR NEW FRIENDSHIP. AFTERWARDS, HE
PERFORMED THE KASI-KASI OR BLOOD COMPACT CEREMONY WITH MAGELLAN ON
MARCH 29, GOOD FRIDAY.
• ON EASTER SUNDAY, MARCH 31, 1521, A MASS WAS HELD ON MAZAUA’S SHORE WITH
REVERENED FATHER PEDRO DE VALDERRAMA OFFICIATING. AT SUNDOWN, MAGELLAN, IN
THE PRESENCE OF SPANIARDS AND FILIPINOS, PLANTED A LARGE WOODEN CROSS ON
THE SUMMIT OF A HAIL OVERLOOKING THE SEA. HE NAMED THE COUNTRY THE ISLAS DE
SAN LAZARO.
• ON APRIL 7, 1521, MAGELLAN TOGETHER WITH KING KOLAMBU AND THE SPANISH AND
NATIVE FLEETS LANDED ON SUGBU (CEBU). ON THE SAME DAY, HUMABON MADE A BLOOD
COMPACT WITH MAGELLAN AFTER THE LATTER HAD WON HIS TRUST AND FRIENDSHIP.
• ON SUNDAY APRIL 14, 1521, A MASS ON THE SHORE OF CEBU WAS HELD WITH RAHAJ
HUMABON AND HIS PEOPLE ATTENDING THE CEREMONY. AFTER THE MASS, MAGELLAN
PLANTED A HUGE WOODEN CROSS AND GAVE QUEEN JUANA, WIFE OF RAJAH HUMABON
AN IMAGE OF THE CHILD JESUS AS A GIFT.
• THERE WERE ABOUT 800 FILIPINOS WHO PARTICIPATED IN THE MASS AND
UNDERWENT RITUAL BAPTISM. AS FOR HUMABON (RENAMED CARLOS), MAGELLAN
MADE HIM THE KING’S REPRESENTATIVE IN CEBU AND PROMISED TO UNITED THE LOCAL
CHIEFTAINS UNDER HIS AUTHORITY.
• RAHAJ HUMABON AND DATU ZULA OF MACTAN WELCOMED THE SPANIARDS, BUT NOT
LAPU-LAPU, ANOTHER CHIEFTAIN OF MACTAN.
• LAPULAPU’S REAL NAME WAS CALI PULACU AS WRITTEN BY CARLOS CALAO, A

CHINESE-SPANISH POET IN THE 17TH CENTURY IN HIS POEM, QUE DIOS LE PERDONE
(THAT GOD MAY FORGIVE HIM).
• LAPULAPU REFUSED TO ACCEPT THE NEW POLITICAL SYSTEM AND PAY TRIBUTE. HE
DECIDED TO BREAK AWAY FROM RAJAH HUMABON.
• TO TEACH HIM A LESSON, MAGELLAN INVADED MACTAN ON APRIL 27, 1521. HE LED AN
ARMY OF 60 STEEL CLAD SPANIARDS IN THREE VESSELS AND 1000 CEBUANO
WARRIORS IN 30 BOATS.
• HE TOLD RAJAH HUMABON AND HIS MEN TO STAY ON THEIR BOATS, WATCH HOW THE
EUROPEANS FIGHT.
• MAGELLAN HAD MISJUDGED THE FIGHTING SKILL OF LAPULAPU AND HIS MEN.
• ON MAY 1, NATIVES OF CEBU CARRIED OUT THE PLAN TO MASSACRE THEM. WHILE THE
EUROPEAN WERE ATTENDING A BANQUET PREPARED FOR THEM BY RAJAH HUMABON,
THE WARRIORS ATTACKED THEM. DUARTE BARBOSA, JUAN SERRANO, AND 27 OTHER
SPANIARDS WERE KILLED.
• THE REMAINING MEMBERS OF THE EXPEDITION WERE FORCED TO FLEE THE ISLANDS
BEFORE THE CEBUANOS COULD KILL THEM ALL. WITH TWO SHIPS LEFT TRINIDAD AND
VICTORIA, THEY CONTINUED THEIR VOYAGE TO MOLUCCAS.
• ON NOVEMBER 8, 1521, THEY FINALLY LANDED IN TIDORE, AN ISLAND IN MOLUCCAS.
THEY WERE ABLE TO SECURE A RICH CARGO OF SPICES. THE SURVIVORS DECIDED THAT
THE TRINIDAD, LED BY GOMEZ DE ESPINOSA, WOULD SAIL BACK TO SPAIN BY CROSSING
THE PACIFIC TO PANAMA, WHILE THE VICTORIA, UNDER SEBASTIAN DEL CANO’S
COMMAND WOULD SAIL VIA CAPE OF GOOD HOPE , BUT IN LOWER LATTITUDES TO
AVOID THE PORTUGUESE.
• THE VICTORIA CROSSED THE INDIAN OCEAN, ROUNDED THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE AND
FINALLY REACHED SAN LUCAR, SPAIN ON SEPTEMBER 6, 1522 WITH ONLY 18
SURVIVORS. THE VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD LASTED 2 YEARS, 11 MONTHS, AND 16
DAYS. AS FOR THE CREW OF SAN ANTONIO (THE SHIP THAT HAD DESERTED THE
EXPEDITION), THEY HAD BEEN IMPRISONED UNTIL ELCANO’S RETURN.
• THE CARGO OF CLOVES SOLD FOR SUCH A HIGH PRICE THAT IT WAS MORE THAN
SUFFICIENT TO PAY FOR THE EXPENSES OF MAGELLAN’S EXPEDITION. AS A REWARD, THE
SPANISH CROWN GRANTED ELCANO A PROUD MOTTO FOR HIS SHIELD, PRIMUS
CIRCUMDEDISTI ME (YOU CIRCUMNAVIGATED ME FIRST)

The First Voyage Around The World by Antonio Pigafetta

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The First Voyage Around The World by Antonio Pigafetta

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IN SEARCH OF NEW LANDS

• TREATY OF TORDESILLAS, TO MOVE THE DEMARCATION LINE 370 LEAGUES WEST OF

• UNKNOWN TO MAGELLAN SOME OFFICERS TOOK INTO COMMAND THE MANEUVERING

• UNFORTUNATELY, MAGELLAN HAD UNDERESTIMATED THE OCEAN’S SIZE. IN THE NEXT

• MARCH 6, 1521 THEY REACHED AN ISLAND IN WESTERN PACIFIC. HE CALLED IT ISLAS

• LAPULAPU’S REAL NAME WAS CALI PULACU AS WRITTEN BY CARLOS CALAO, A

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