Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Schools Division of Iloilo
DON FELIX SERRA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Joaquin, Iloilo

Acceptability of Musa acuminata × M. balbisiana Peel as Moisturizing Lotion

A Research Paper

Presented to

the Faculty of the Senior High School Department

Don Felix Serra National High School

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Subject

Capstone Project/Research

by

Leonel Caguimbal Leonny Joy Dubla Dexter Jake Galeno

Rocelle Angelie Garcia Jan Forj Julaton Sheanly Ann Napoles

Maechaela Servidad Margaux John Setias

June 2022
 Abstract

The main objective of the study is to determine the Acceptability of Musa

acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as moisturizing lotion.

Specifically, this study aimed to answer the following questions:

1. What is the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as moisturizing

lotion in terms of a.) Moisture level, b.) Texture, c.) Scent, d.) Sensitivity?

2. Is there a significant difference between Musa Acuminata× M. balbisiana peel

moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion in terms of a.) Moisture level, b.)

Texture, c.) Scent, d.) Sensitivity?

This study aims to assess the Acceptability of Latundan Banana peel as a

moisturizing lotion. This study is limited only to the fruit and part of fruit mentioned.

This is only after the effect of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana. Set A was tested using

banana peel oil and Set B using commercial moisturizing lotion. The variables are:

the different treatment of banana peel oil as independent variable and texture, scent,

sensitivity and moisture level as the dependent variable.

To determine the Acceptability of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as a

moisturizing lotion, mean and standard deviations will be use in descriptive statistics

and nonparametric specifically Kruskal Wallis is used in the inferential statistics.

The banana fruit was gathered from San Joaquin market. In the phase 1 of

creating our moisturizing lotion, we first removed the peels of the banana and cut it into
pieces and mash in the mortar until they are softened, and put the bruised banana peel

into the pot and put the appropriate amount of water (the ratio of banana peel and the

amount of water is 1:1/2). After that, we boiled it for 33 minutes. The banana peel was

then strained and squeezed to obtain the oil. We repeat the process twice to get the

desired banana peel oil. In the phase 2, that is when we will create our moisturizing

lotion by mixing banana peel oil to our other ingredients. The study will include Five

treatments: treatment A (15%), treatment B (30%) and treatment C (45%) and

treatment D (commercialized Moisturizing Lotion 1) and treatment E (commercialized

moisturizing lotion 2).

This study was conducted at Don Felix Serra National High School on the year

2022.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Schools Division of Iloilo
DON FELIX SERRA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Joaquin, Iloilo

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Moisturizing is a basic yet important part of maintaining healthy skin. Our skin is

exposed to various environmental factors, pollution and chemicals. This can cause lack

of moisture, hence moisturizing your skin and providing it with necessary components

to replenish is crucial. Lack of moisture and nourishment can initially cause dry, flaky

skin and if this is not taken care of it can further lead to irritation, redness and

inflammation of skin.

"Acceptability of Musa acuminata × M. balbisiana Peel as Moisturizing Lotion" to

helps maintain skin's hydration by locking in the moisture, keeping the skin healthy, soft

and supple. It will also help balance the required moisture level into your skin and

keeps it hydrated as it can absorb all the goodness and retain more moisture providing

necessary hydration to your skin. Determining the effectiveness of banana peel as a

moisturizing lotion is the main goal of our study. This study will produce significant and

relevant information for future studies regarding to moisturizing lotion and banana peel.
 Musa Acuminata × M. balbisiana are diploid banana cultivated from the

Philippines. It is one of the most common banana cultivars in the Philippines. Banana

Peel – It is the outer covering of the banana fruit. Banana Peels are used as food for

animals, in water purification, and for manufacturing of several biochemical products.

Banana peels are the outer protective layer of the standard yellow banana. Bananas

belong to the genus Musa, which includes both bananas and plantains. Banana Peels

have significant amounts of fiber, vitamin c, vitamin b-6, potassium, and magnesium.

Banana Peels are also rich in the antioxidant Lutein, which has been known to protect

and enhance eye health, and Tryptophan, which helps the body produce serotonin.

Banana Peels have been traditionally consumed by cultures around the world for

centuries. Banana Peels have also been known to have medicinal uses, such as relieving

headaches, or relieving the itching from poison oak or a mosquito bite, and even

reducing the appearance of wrinkles.

Commercial moisturizing lotion contains a lot of chemicals. The most common

adverse reaction to commercial moisturizers is a stinging or burning sensation.

Ingredients such as lactic acid, urea, PCA, benzoic acid, and sorbic acid have been

known to induce skin reactions in some individuals. Some other moisturizers contain

butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) that is harmful for the skin. Other moisturizer also have

DMDM hydantoin as a preservative but it is also cause an irritation in the eyes and skin.

And some moisturize have fragrance+parfum that emits harmful VOCs which pollutes

indoor air quality causes respiratory allergies and asthma. And some moisturizer also

have parabens that were linked to hormone disruption and breast cancer. The
researchers decided to find an alternative and will not be hazardous to the humans to

use by using a banana peel to create moisturizing lotion. The Extracted Banana Peel Oil

will be used in our study as substitute to commercial moisturizing lotion.

Objectives of the Study

Generally, this study aims to determine the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M.

balbisiana peel as Moisturizing lotion.

Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:

1.What is the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as moisturizing lotion

in terms of a.) Moisture level, b.) Texture, c.) Scent, d.) Sensitivity?

2.Is there a significant difference between Musa Acuminata× M. balbisiana peel

moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion in terms of a.) Moisture level, b.)

Texture, c.) Scent, d.) Sensitivity?

Null Hypothesis

The following hypotheses were formulated to this study:

1) There is no significant difference between Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as

moisturizing lotion and commercialized moisturizing lotion in terms of a.) Moisture level,

b.) Texture, c.) Scent, d.) Sensitivity.

Theoretical Framework

Personal Attribution

⚫ Skin type

⚫ Age

Moisturizing Effectiveness of the

Lotion product

Skin’s Moisture Level

Research Paradigm

Research Paradigm

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Treatments

A (15% banana peel oil) Banana Peel as Moisturizing Lotion

B (30% banana peel oil)

Moisture Level
C (45% banana peel oil)
Texture
D (Commercialized Moisturizing
Lotion1) Scent

E (Commercialized Moisturizing Sensitivity

Lotion 2)

Figure1. Schematic Diagram Illustrating the Interplay of Research Variables

 The independent variable is the different treatments of Musa acuminata×M.

balbisiana Peel oil as a Moisturizing Lotion in which it influenced the dependent

variables: moisture level, texture, scent, and sensitivity to the skin.

The Skin's reaction offers a great opportunity for the effectiveness of the Musa

acuminata×M. balbisiana Peel oil as a Moisturizing Lotion. Banana peel extract are far

more satisfying when used as a moisturizing lotion.

Significance of the study

The purpose of this study is to find out the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M.

balbisiana peel as Moisturizing lotion. This research may offer empirical significance in

the different sectors namely:

(1) People with sensitive skin, this will help moisturize skin and not to worry about

damaging it.

(2) People who spend a lot of money in buying commercialized products, this could

help people who does not want to spend a lot of money in skin care but want to have a

moisturized skin.

(3) The Community, this study will benefit the community for it would provide them

knowledge and improve their awareness of the importance of banana peel and instead

of throwing it away, they can still use it to a lot of things.

(4) To future researchers, this could be a basis for further investigation regarding of

Musa Acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as an effective moisturizing lotion.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study aims to assess the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana

peel as a moisturizing lotion. This study is limited only to the fruit and part of fruit

mentioned. This is only after the effect of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana. The

respondents will be tested using banana peel oil and commercial moisturizing lotion.

The variables are: the different treatment of banana peel oil as independent variable

and texture, scent, sensitivity and moisture level as the dependent variable.

To determine the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as

moisturizing lotion, mean and standard deviations will be use in descriptive statistics

and nonparametric specifically Kruskal Wallis is used in the inferential statistics.

The banana fruit was gathered from San Joaquin market. In the phase 1 of

creating our moisturizing lotion, we first removed the peels of the banana and cut it into

pieces and mash in the mortar until they are softened, and put the bruised banana peel

into the pot and put the appropriate amount of water (the ratio of banana peel and the

amount of water is 1:1/2. After that, we boiled it for 33 minutes. The banana peel was

then strained and squeezed to obtain the oil. We repeat the process twice to get the

desired banana peel oil. In the phase 2, that is when we will create our moisturizing

lotion by mixing banana peel oil to our other ingredients. The study will include Four

treatments: treatment A (15%), treatment B (30%) and treatment C (45%) and

treatment D (commercialized Moisturizing Lotion).

 This study was conducted at Don Felix Serra National High School on the year

2022.

Definition of Terms

The following key term in this study were defined conceptually and operationally to

ensure clearer understanding:

Alternative

- offering or expressing a choice.

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Alternative. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved

March 8, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/alternative

-in this study, alternative refers to substitute of moisturizing mission using banana peel.

Banana Peel

-the skin of a banana (especially when it is stripped off and discarded).

Vocabulary.com. (n.d.). Banana Peel.

https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/banana%20peel#:~:text=Definitions%20of%2

0banana%20peel,of%20a%20fruit%20or%20vegetable

-in this study, banana peel refers to an alternative moisturizing lotion.

Acceptability

-existing in possibility: capable of development into actuality

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/acceptability
-in this study, acceptability refers to the acceptability of Musa acuminata×M. balbisiana

as a moisturizing lotion.

Change

- the degree to which something is effective.

Cambridge Dictionary. (n.d.). Effectiveness. Retrieved March 2, 2022, from

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/effectiveness

- it refers to the acceptability level of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as a

Moisturizing level. It described as very dissatisfied, dissatisfied, satisfied, very satisfied.

Moisture Level

- Collins Dictionary stated that moisture is tiny drops of water in the air, on a surface, or

in the ground and level is defines as a point on a scale, for example a scale of amount,

quality, or difficulty.

Collins Dictionary. (n.d.). Moisture Level. In Collins Dictionary. Retrieved March 8, 2022,

from https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/moisture-level

- In this study, moisture level refers to how well the respondent's skin is moisturized and

is classified as oily, normal, or dry.

Moisturizing Lotion

- Oxford University defines lotion as “a thick, smooth liquid preparation designed to be

applied to the skin for medicinal or cosmetic purposes,” and moisturizer as “a lotion or

cream used to prevent dryness in the skin.”

Oxford University Press. (n.d.). Lotion. Lexico.com.

https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/lotion

Oxford University Press. (n.d.). Moisturizer. Lexico.com.

https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/moisturizer

- In this study, moisturizing lotion refers to the use of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana

as a substitute in moisturizing the skin.

Scent

- a pleasant natural smell.

Cambridge Dictionary. (n.d.). Scent. Retrieved March 2, 2022 from

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/scent

- In this study, scent refers to the aroma of the moisturizing lotion and describes as fairly

pleasant, moderately pleasant and unpleasant.

Sensitivity

- a trait or state of being sensitive.

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Sensitivity. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved

March 24, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sensitivity

- In this study sensitivity refers to how gentle the moisturizing lotion to the skin and is

described as fairly gentle, moderately gentle and irritating.

Texture
- the visual or tactile surface characteristics and appearance of something.

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Texture. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved March

8, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/texture

-In this study, texture refers to how thick, watery, or creamy the moisturizing lotion is.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Schools Division of Iloilo
DON FELIX SERRA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Joaquin, Iloilo

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter discusses the conceptual literatures, foreign studies and local studies

related to the present investigation.

Related Literature

Banana is one of the most important crops of the tropical plants. It belongs to the

family Musaceae and the genus Musa sapientum. It is known in English as banana and in

Hausa as ayaba. The plant consists of long, overlapping leaf stalks and bears a stem

which is 1.22 to 6.10 m high (Oladeji et al; 2010). It has life span of about 15 years

(Philips, 1982). Banana peels are the outer protective layer of the standard yellow

banana. Bananas grow in bunches of 6-8 bananas per bunch, and average 15 centimeters

to 23 centimeters in size. The medium thick, signature yellow banana peel will ripen from

a deep green in color, to yellow, and eventually freckle with brown spots, until eventually

turning entirely brown. The banana peel encases and protects an ivory cream colored,

semi-starchy flesh. Banana peels are fibrous and thicker when unripe, but become thinner

and sweeter as they ripen.Bananas belong to the genus Musa, which includes both

bananas and plantains. Banana Peels have significant amounts of fiber, vitamin c, vitamin
b-6, potassium, and magnesium. Banana Peels are also rich in the antioxidant Lutein,

which has been known to protect and enhance eye health, and Tryptophan, which helps

the body produce serotonin. Banana Peels have been traditionally consumed by cultures

around the world for centuries. Banana Peels have also been known to have medicinal

uses, such as relieving headaches, or relieving the itching from poison oak or a mosquito

bite, and even reducing the appearance of wrinkles. Just rub the inside of the peel on

your skin for 10-15 minutes to feel relief from discomfort. Bananas are native to Southeast

Asia, reaching as far south as northern Australia. Archaeological evidence suggests they

were cultivated in Papua New Guinea as long as 5000 BCE. They were brought west by

Arab conquers in 327 B.C. and moved from Asia Minor to Africa and finally to the New

World. It was in 1899 that bananas became a widely recognized fruit, when the United

Fruit Company set up business in the U.S. Bananas are currently the world’s fourth largest

fruit crop.

Bananas are grown in diverse environments in the country, from the lowlands, flat

and sloping uplands to the marginal hillylands. Latundan, lakatan and saba are mostly

grown in the backyard or as a component in an intercropping scheme with minimum care

and management. Fresh lakatan is very popular in the market.

According to Heather Martens, the mineral content in a banana peel is primarily

consistent of potassium (78.10mg/g) and manganese (76.20mg/g). Other minerals

present are sodium, calcium and iron at 24.30, 19.20 and 0.61 mg/g respectively. The

peel's high potassium content, if taken orally, aids in maintaining normal blood pressure.

About 91.50 percent of a banana peel is organic nutrient matter consisting of lipids,
proteins, crude fiber and carbohydrates. About 31.70 percent of total mass is fiber with

carbohydrates accounting for 59 percent and protein and lipids accounting for 0.9 and

1.7 percent respectively. The high fiber content is useful as a natural laxative.

Advocates of banana peels for skin care suggest: Rubbing a banana peel on your

face to brighten skin and reduce wrinkles placing a banana peel on closed eyes to reduce

puffiness. Using a banana peel as a moisturizer to hydrate skin. Rubbing the peel on acne

scars to help them fade. Treating psoriasis by applying banana peel to the area with

psoriasis to moisturize and relieve itch. Removing a wart by taping a piece of ripe banana

peel over it and leaving it there overnight. These suggested uses aren’t supported by

clinical research. However, studies show that banana peels have a number of components

that offer possible benefits: A 2018 review showed that banana peels are rich in phenolics,

which have strong antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and are associated with many

health benefits. According to a 2011 article, Trusted Source, banana peels have a number

of bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids and polyphenols. A 2012 study found

extracts of banana peel to have anti-inflammatory properties.

Moisturizing Lotion

According to Karthik Kumar and Pallavi Suyog Uttekar, Lotions maintain skin's

hydration levels by locking in the moisture, keeping the skin healthy, soft, and supple.

It reduces skin dryness, slow down aging signs, fight against acne and help in soothing

sensitive skin. Lotions are lighter than body cream and body butter. It penetrates in

your skin easily and can deliver nutrition that improves the ability of the skin to

maintain moisture.
 The earliest evidence of the use of lotion-type salves can be traced as far back

as 3000 B.C to the Ancient Sumerians and the Ancient Egyptians (Martina, 2021).

History has it that one of the earliest lotion bottles belonged to Egyptian Queen

Hatshepsut who was rumored to have suffered from skin conditions such as eczema or

psoriasis.

Unlike body cream and body butter, body lotion is mostly made up of water and

a little bit of oil making it a suitable option for almost any skin type (Werner ,2019).

Since water and oil doesn’t mix together a substance called Emulsifier is used.

According to Kathy Steinbock R.A. Cert. Aroma., An emulsifier (also known as an

“emulgent”) is a substance that stabilizes an emulsion by increasing its kinetic stability.

Seeing that lotions have water, microbes and bacteria might grow in it and

contaminate the whole product. That is why a substance called preservatives is added

into the product. The use of preservatives prevents product damage caused by

microorganisms and to protect the product from inadvertent contamination by the

consumer during use (Cosmetics Info, 2021). Anti-oxidants are also added because

antioxidants are man-made or natural substances that may prevent or delay some types

of cell damage. Antioxidants are found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables

(MedlinePlus, 2017). The preservatives and anti-oxidants make the product last longer

and safer to use.

Local Studies
 Banana is the most economically important fruit crop in the Philippines and the

only locally grown fruit available year-round. Bananas are grown in diverse environments

in the country, from the lowlands, flat and sloping uplands to the marginal hillylands.

Latundan, lakatan and saba are mostly grown in the backyard or as a component in an

intercropping scheme with minimum care and management. Bananas are the most

popular fruit in the world. Bananas are one of the most nourishing fruits available because

it contains large quantities of magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc, iodine and Vitamin A,

Vitamin B (folic acid), Vitamin E and Vitamin F. Vitamin C is necessary for collagen

production and maintenance, it is also a potent antioxidant that can neutralize free

radicals in the skin. Vitamin E is also present in Banana Peels. Just like Vitamin C, Vitamin

E is an antioxidant. It protects skin against sun damage and absorbs the harmful UV light

from the sun when applied to the skin. It also helps in the treatment of skin inflammation.

Zinc is a mineral present in banana peels. It can help fight viruses and bacteria. It has an

antiinflammatory properties, this may help relieve some of the redness and irritation

associated with moderate-to-severe acne. Iron can gives the skin a healthy glow and

speeds up wound healing. Manganese is essential for collagen formation and wound

healing. Banana peels also contain lutein, an antioxidant, and potassium, both of which

are beneficial to the skin. They are also hydrating and soothing. (Sampayan, n.d.)

Foreign Studies

According to a study, the banana peel has been traditionally used for the treatment

of various ailments. This by-product is rich in phenolics with over 40 individual compounds

identified. However, composition and levels of these compounds are influenced by various
factors, including varieties, maturity, cultivation conditions, and pre-treatments. Phenolics

within banana peels have been found to possess potent antioxidant and antimicrobial

properties, and linked with various health benefits. Therefore, it is worthwhile to recover

phenolics from this by-product for further utilization in food and pharmaceutical industries

(Vu, Hang T., et al., 2018).

In an article, it is stated that banana peels that rubbing a banana peel in your

face can brighten you skin and reduce wrinkles, putting a banana peel on closed eyes

to reduce puffiness, using a banana peel as a moisturizer to hydrate skin and rubbing

banana peel on acne scars to help them fade (Frothingham, 2019).

Frothingham (2019) states that, banana peels may have beneficial properties for

use in both the pharmaceutical and food industries. However, many methods are based

on anecdotal information or folk remedies. In the Pytochemical Screening and

Antioxidant Activity of Banana Peel by S.Velumani, Banana peel serves as a natural

store of various health beneficial phytochemicals and there exist significant differences

in the phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties. Taking into account the

flavonoids content and metal chelating activity, Phenolics, free radical scavenging

activity. Thus, it is highly recommended to include proper combination of fruit peel in

food products, whose phytochemicals synergistically act to reduce the risk of

degenerative diseases like cardiovascular disease, cancer etc. Further studies based on

Genetic engineering will increase the nutrition content of the peel.

Banana oils are made from banana peels. According to John Staughton, banana

oil is the common name of isoamyl acetate, which is an organic compound found in
high concentration in banana peels. This oil is synthetically produced in factories, where

it undergoes excessive processing. However, many people choose to prepare their own

“banana oil” through an oil extraction process. This is considered as pure banana oil

and can be highly potent. There are many benefits of banana oil such as moisturizing

dry skin, preventing premature aging, removing scars and blemishes and may control

oily skin. In cosmetics, banana oil is often use as a secondary ingredient in soaps,

shampoos, conditioners, moisturizers and exfoliators. It can also be used as a massage

oil because it is soothing and anti-inflammatory. (Staughton, 2021)

According to an article, banana oil is safe to use especially in applying it into the

skin. However, excessive use of banana oil may cause skin inflammation, irritation, and

gastrointestinal problems. Use this oil moderately (Natural Daily Team, 2019).
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Schools Division of Iloilo
DON FELIX SERRA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Joaquin, Iloilo

Chapter 3

Methodology

This chapter described the research design, study population and sampling

procedures, data gathering instrument, data collection and data analysis used in the

study.

Research Design

In the study, an experimental research design is used, specifically a pre-

experimental design with a static comparison group in which an experimental group is

exposed to a treatment (X) while the control group is not.

Sampling Procedures

The researcher used non-probability sampling or a non-randomized sampling

design to collect their samples. This is a design in which a group of test plants or

animals is studied only once, but subsequent treatment is used to determine the cause

of change.
Data Gathering Instrument

The researchers informed the adviser and request permission to conduct the

experiment required for their study in a letter. For proper guidance and approval, a

letter was sent to the principal and science teachers.

After given permission, the researchers explained the purpose of the study to the

selected respondents and then they made sure that each participant corresponds to

their predefined criteria. The researchers collected the data by means of survey

questionnaire that comprises their age, gender, and year level. After getting the result

from the survey questionnaire; the results was checked, interpreted and analyzed

Procedure

Pre – Experimental Stage

The researchers informed the adviser and request permission to conduct the

experiment required for their study in a letter. For proper guidance and approval, a letter

was sent to the principal and science teachers.

The materials required for phase 1 of the researchers' experiment, which is the

production of banana peel oil, will be gathered.

Materials:

⚫ Musa acuminata M. balbisiana Peel

⚫ Glass jar

⚫ Almond oil
Procedure:

The banana fruit was gathered from San Joaquin market. In the phase 1 of

creating our moisturizing lotion, we first removed the peels of the banana and cut it into

pieces and mash in the mortar until they are softened, and put the bruised banana peel

into the pot and put the appropriate amount of water (the ratio of banana peel and the

amount of water is 1:1/2. After that, we boiled it for 33 minutes. The banana peel was

then strained and squeezed to obtain the oil. We repeat the process twice to get the

desired banana peel oil.

During Experimental Stage

Phase II of the experiment was conducted by the researchers. Treatments A (15

percent banana peel oil), B (30 percent banana peel oil), and C (45 percent banana peel

oil) will be developed.

Ingredients:

⚫ Banana peel oil

⚫ Distilled water

⚫ Preservatives (liquid germall plus)

⚫ Antioxidants (vitamin E oil)

⚫ Honey

⚫ Emulsifying wax
Materials:

⚫ Weighing Scale

⚫ Beaker

⚫ Whisk

⚫ Dropper

Procedure:

After gathering all of the ingredients and equipment, we used the weighing scale

to weigh all of the ingredients. Then, add the honey to the distilled water, followed

by the banana oil and emulsifying wax in a separate beaker. Next, at the same

temperature, heat the banana oil with emulsifying wax and the distilled water with

honey. Wait for the wax to melt before slowly pouring in the distilled water and honey

mixture. As the lotion cools and thickens, use a stirring rod or a spatula to mix it.

Once the lotion has reached the desired consistency, add the preservative and

antioxidant using a dropper. Finally, mix it with a spatula or stirring rod and place it

in your container.

Post – Experimental Stage

The researcher returned to the laboratory after cleaning all of the laboratory

apparatuses that have been used and store the remaining ingredients. After the study,

the researcher conducted a survey to gather data for the study's findings. Finally, collect

any remaining lotion to use as the end product and as a presentation for others.
Data Analysis

The statistical tool that was used in inferential statistics is nonparametric specifically

Kruskal Wallis Test. The formula is:

Where,

k= the number of comparison groups

N= the total sample size

nj= the sample size in the jth group

Rj= the sum of the ranks in the jth group

The statistical tools used in descriptive statistics is Mean and Standard Deviation. The

formula is:

x = Population Mean

= Sum of each value in the population

X
N = Number of values in the population

Where,

x= Values given

x = Mean

n= Total Number of Value

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Schools Division of Iloilo
DON FELIX SERRA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Joaquin, Iloilo

Chapter 4

Results and Discussions

This chapter was divided into two parts: (1) Descriptive Data Analysis, and (2)

Inferential Data Analysis.

Part One, Descriptive Data Analysis, it characterized the different properties of the

materials as moisturizing lotion in terms of moisture level, scent, sensitivity and texture.

Part Two, Inferential Data Analysis, presented the result of hypotheses testing for

the significant difference on the different properties of the materials as moisturizing

lotion in terms of moisture level, scent, sensitivity and texture.

The Kruskal - Wallis test were the statistical tools used on the inferential data

analysis.

Table 1 Acceptability of Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana Peel as Moisturizing Lotion in

Terms of Moisture Level, Scent, Sensitivity and Texture

The moisture level of the lotion in Treatment A which is 15% banana peel oil is

strongly acceptable. (M=2.50, Std=0.51). In Treatment B which is 30% banana peel oil,

the moisture level of banana peel moisturizing lotion is strongly acceptable. (M=2.53,

Std= 0.38). Treatment C which is 45% banana peel oil, moisture level is strongly
acceptable. (M=2.78, Std= 0.43). Treatment D which is commercialized moisturizing

lotion 1, moisture level is strongly acceptable. (M=2.89, Std= 0.32). And Treatment E

which is commercialized moisturizing lotion 2, moisture level is strongly acceptable.

(M=2.78, Std=0.43).

The scent of the lotion in Treatment A which is 15% banana peel oil is

acceptable. (M=2.28, Std= 0.46). In Treatment B which is 30% banana peel oil, the

scent of banana peel moisturizing lotion is strongly acceptable. (M=2.39, Std= 0.61).

Treatment C which is 45% banana peel oil, the scent is strongly acceptable. (M=2.72,

Std= 0.46). Treatment D which is commercialized moisturizing lotion 1, the scent is

strongly acceptable. (M=3.00, Std= 0.00). And Treatment E which is commercialized

moisturizing lotion 2, the scent is strongly acceptable. (M=3.00, Std. =0.00).

The sensitivity of the moisturizing lotion in Treatment A which is 15% banana

peel oil is strongly acceptable. (M=2.78, Std= 0.43). In Treatment B which is 30%

banana peel oil, the sensitivity is strongly acceptable. (M= 3.00, Std= 0.61). In

Treatment C which is 45% banana peel oil, the sensitivity is strongly acceptable. (M=

3.00, Std= 0.46). In Treatment D which is commercialized moisturizing lotion 1 is

strongly acceptable. (M= 3.00, Std= 0.00). And in Treatment E which is commercialized

moisturizing lotion 2 is strongly acceptable. (M= 3.00, Std= 0.00).

The texture of the moisturizing lotion in Treatment A which is 15% banana peel

oil is strongly acceptable. (M= 2.72, Std= 0.57). In Treatment B which is 30% banana

peel oil, the texture is strongly acceptable. (M= 2.83, Std= 0.38). In Treatment C which

is 45% banana peel oil, the texture is strongly acceptable. (M= 2.83, Std= 0.51). In
Treatment D which is commercialized moisturizing lotion 1, the texture is strongly

acceptable. (M= 2.72, Std= 0.46). And in Treatment E which is commercialized

moisturizing lotion 2, the texture is strongly acceptable. (M= 2.89, Std= 0.32).

Table 1 Acceptability of Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana Peel as Moisturizing Lotion in

Terms of Moisture Level.

Mean Description Standard

Deviation

Moisture Level:

Treatment A 2.50 Strongly Acceptable 0.51

Treatment B 2.83 Strongly Acceptable 0.38

Treatment C 2.78 Strongly Acceptable 0.43

Treatment D 2.89 Strongly Acceptable 0.32

Treatment E 2.78 Strongly Acceptable 0.43

Total: 2.76 Strongly Acceptable 0.43

Table 2 Acceptability of Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana Peel as Moisturizing Lotion in

Terms of Scent.

Scent:

Treatment A 2.28 Acceptable 0.46

Treatment B 2.39 Strongly Acceptable 0.61

Treatment C 2.72 Strongly Acceptable 0.46

 Treatment D 3.00 Strongly Acceptable 0.00

Treatment E 3.00 Strongly Acceptable 0.00

Total: 2.68 Acceptable 0.49

Table 3 Acceptability of Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana Peel as Moisturizing Lotion in

Terms of Sensitivity.

Sensitivity:

Treatment A 2.78 Strongly Acceptable 0.43

Treatment B 3.00 Strongly Acceptable 0.61

Treatment C 3.00 Strongly Acceptable 0.46

Treatment D 2.94 Strongly Acceptable 0.00

Treatment E 3.00 Strongly Acceptable 0.00

Total: 2.94 Strongly Acceptable 0.49

Table 4 Acceptability of Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana Peel as Moisturizing Lotion in

Terms of Texture

Texture:

Treatment A 2.72 Strongly Acceptable 0.57

Treatment B 2.83 Strongly Acceptable 0.38

Treatment C 2.83 Strongly Acceptable 0.51

Treatment D 2.72 Strongly Acceptable 0.46

 Treatment E 2.89 Strongly Acceptable 0.32

Total: 2.80 Strongly Acceptable 0.45

Scale Description

1.00-1.67 Not Acceptable

1.68-2.35 Acceptable

2.36-3.00 Strongly Acceptable

Table 5 Significant Difference in Acceptability of Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana Peel as

Moisturizing Lotion in Terms of Moisture Level.

Treatments N Mean df Chi- p-value Remarks

square

Moisture

Level: 18 34

Treatment A 18 49

Treatment B 18 46.50 4 8.69 0.07 Not

Treatment C 18 51.50 Significant

Treatment D 18 46.50

Treatment E 90

Total:
Table 6 Significant Difference in Acceptability of Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana Peel as

Moisturizing Lotion in Terms of Scent.

Scent:

Treatment A 18 27.36

Treatment B 18 34.00

Treatment C 18 47.15 4 34.94 0.00 Significant

Treatment D 18 59.50

Treatment E 18 59.50

Total: 90

Table 7 Dunn’s Post Hoc Test in terms of Scent

The table showed that in terms of Scent, Treatment A versus treatment C has a

significance difference; Treatment A versus Commercial 1 is also statistically significant.

Treatment A versus Commercial 2 has also a significant difference. In addition, there is

a significance difference between Treatment B and Commercial 1 as well Treatment B

versus Commercial 2. Thus, we can assume Commercial 1, Commercial 2 and

Treatment C have the highest dominance in terms of Scent as compared to Treatments

A and B.
Table 7 Dunn’s Post Hoc Test in terms of Scent

Sample 1- Sample 2 Text Std. Std. Test Sig. Adj.

Statistics Error Statistics Sig.

Treatment A- Treatment B -6.64 7.00 -0.95 0.34 1.00

Treatment A- Treatment C -19.78 7.00 -2.83 0.01 0.05

Treatment A- Commercial 1 -32.14 7.00 -4.59 0.00 0.00

Treatment A- Commercial 2 -32.14 7.00 -4.59 0.00 0.00

Treatment B- Treatment C -13.14 7.00 -1.88 0.06 0.61

Treatment B- Commercial 1 -25.50 7.00 -3.64 0.00 0.00

Treatment B- Commercial 2 -25.50 7.00 -3.64 0.00 0.00

Treatment C- Commercial 1 -12.36 7.00 -1.77 0.08 0.78

Treatment C- Commercial 2 -12.36 7.00 -1.77 0.08 0.78

Commercial 1- Commercial 2 0.00 7.00 0.00 1.00 1.00

Table 8 Significant Difference in Acceptability of Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana Peel as

Moisturizing Lotion in Terms of Sensitivity.

Sensitivity:

Treatment A 18 38.00

Treatment B 18 48.00

Treatment C 18 48.00 4 12.57 0.01 Significant

Treatment D 18 45.50

Treatment E 18 48.00

Total: 90
Table 8 Dunn’s Post Hoc Test in term of Sensitivity
The table showed that in terms of Skin Sensitivity, Treatment A versus

Commercial 1 has a significance difference; Treatment A versus Treatment B is also

statistically significant. Treatment A versus Treatment C is statistically significant and

there is also a statistical significance between Treatment A and Commercial 2. Thus, we

can assume Treatments B, C and Commercial 2 have the highest dominance in terms of

Sensitivity. Treatment A has the least dominance among treatments in terms of Skin

Sensitivity.

Table 8 Dunn’s Post Hoc Test in term of Sensitivity

Sample 1- Sample 2 Text Std. Std. Test Sig. Adj.

Statistics Error Statistics Sig.

Treatment A- Commercial 1 -7.50 3.46 -2.17 0.03 0.30

Treatment A- Treatment B -10.00 3.46 -2.89 0.00 0.04

Treatment A- Treatment C -10.00 3.46 -2.89 0.00 0.04

Treatment A- Commercial 2 10.00 3.46 -2.89 0.00 0.04

Commercial 1- Treatment B 2.50 3.46 -0.72 0.47 1.00

Commercial 1- Treatment C 2.50 3.46 -0.72 0.47 1.00

Commercial 1- Commercial 2 -2.50 3.46 -0.72 0.47 1.00

Treatment B- Treatment C 0.00 3.46 0.00 1.00 1.00

Treatment B- Commercial 2 0.00 3.46 0.00 1.00 1.00

Treatment C- Commercial 2 0.00 3.46 0.00 1.00 1.00

Table 9 Significant Difference in Acceptability of Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana Peel as

Moisturizing Lotion in Terms of Texture.

Texture:

Treatment A 18 43.28

Treatment B 18 46.17

Treatment C 18 48.17 4 2.40 0.66 Not

Treatment D 18 41.28 significant

Treatment E 18 48.61

Total: 90

p< 0.05 - Significant (S); p>0.05 - Not Significant (NS)

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Schools Division of Iloilo
DON FELIX SERRA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Joaquin, Iloilo

Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusions, Implications and Recommendations

Chapter 5 contains four parts: (1) Summary, Method, and Findings, (2)

Conclusions, (3) Implications, and (4) Recommendations.

Part One, Summary, Method, and Findings, presents the important points and

direction of the study and results.

Part two, Conclusions, shows inferences drawn from the results of this study.

Part three, Implications, shows the relationship of the result of the study to the

theories presented.

Part four, Recommendation, come up suggestion based on the results of the study.

Summary

Generally, this study aims to determine the Acceptability of Musa acuminata× M.

balbisiana peel as Moisturizing lotion.

Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as moisturizing lotion

in terms of a.) Moisture level, b.) Texture, c.) Scent, d.) Sensitivity?
2. Is there a significant difference between Musa Acuminata× M. balbisiana peel

moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion in terms of a.) Moisture level, b.)

Texture, c.) Scent, d.) Sensitivity?

This study aims to assess the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana as

a moisturizing lotion. This study is limited only to the fruit and part of fruit mentioned.

This is only after the effect of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana. The respondents will be

tested using banana peel oil and commercial moisturizing lotion. The variables are: the

different treatment of banana peel oil as independent variable and texture, scent,

sensitivity and moisture level as the dependent variable.

To determine the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as

moisturizing lotion, mean and standard deviations will be use in descriptive statistics

and nonparametric specifically Kruskal Wallis is used in the inferential statistics.

The banana fruit will be gathered from San Joaquin market. In the phase 1 of

creating our moisturizing lotion, we will first remove the peels of the banana and cut it

into pieces and mash in the mortar until they are softened, and put the bruised banana

peel into the pot and put the appropriate amount of water (the ratio of banana peel and

the amount of water is 1:1/2. After that, we boiled it for 33 minutes. The banana peel

was then strained and squeezed to obtain the oil. We repeat the process twice to get

the desired banana peel oil. In the phase 2, that is when we will create our moisturizing

lotion by mixing banana peel oil to our other ingredients. The study will include Five

treatments: treatment A (15%), treatment B (30%) and treatment C (45%), treatment

D (commercialized moisturizing Lotion 1) and treatment E (commercialized moisturizing

lotion 2).

This study will be conducted at Don Felix Serra National High School on the year

2022.

The findings of the study were the following:

1. The scent of the lotion in Treatment A which is 15% banana peel oil is acceptable.

2. Treatment B which is 30% banana peel oil, the scent of banana peel moisturizing

lotion is strongly acceptable.

3. Treatment C which is 45% banana peel oil, the scent is strongly acceptable.

4. Treatment D which is commercialized moisturizing lotion 1, the scent is strongly

acceptable.

5. And Treatment E which is commercialized moisturizing lotion 2, the scent is strongly

acceptable.

6. The sensitivity of the moisturizing lotion in Treatment A which is 15% banana peel

oil is strongly acceptable.

7. Treatment B which is 30% banana peel oil, the sensitivity is strongly acceptable.

8. Treatment C which is 45% banana peel oil, the sensitivity is strongly acceptable.

9. Treatment D which is commercialized moisturizing lotion 1 is strongly acceptable.

10. The texture of the moisturizing lotion in Treatment A which is 15% banana peel oil is

strongly acceptable.

11. Treatment B which is 30% banana peel oil, the texture is strongly acceptable.

12. Treatment C which is 45% banana peel oil, the texture is strongly acceptable.

13. Treatment D which is commercialized moisturizing lotion 1, the texture is strongly

acceptable.

14. Treatment E which is commercialized moisturizing lotion 2, the texture is strongly

acceptable.

15. Commercial 1, Commercial 2 and Treatment C have the highest dominance in terms

of Scent as compared to Treatments A and B.

16. Treatments B, C and Commercial 2 have the highest dominance in terms of

Sensitivity. Treatment A has the least dominance among treatments in terms of Skin

Sensitivity.

17. There is no significant difference in the moisture level of Musa acuminata× M.

balbisiana peel as moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion.

18. There is a significant difference in the scent of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel

as moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion.

19. There is a significant difference in the sensitivity of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana

peel as moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion.

20. There is no significant difference in the texture of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana

peel as moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion.

Conclusions

Based on the findings the following conclusions were obtained:

There is no significant difference in the moisture level of Musa acuminata× M.

balbisiana peel as moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion.There is a

significant difference in the scent of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as moisturizing

lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion.There is a significant difference in the sensitivity

of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing

lotion.There is no significant difference in the texture of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana

peel as moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing lotion.

This study concludes that there is no significant difference in the moisture level

and texture of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as moisturizing lotion and commercial

moisturizing lotion. However, there is a significant difference in the scent and sensitivity

of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as moisturizing lotion and commercial moisturizing

lotion.

Finally, base on the findings of the study, Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel

has an acceptability to be a moisturizing lotion. Treatment B which has 30% banana

peel oil, is the most strongly acceptable in almost all factors such as; moisture level,
scent, sensitivity, and texture. It was found out that it could be improved, safe and eco-

friendly type of lotion.

Implications

The findings of the study projected a number of implications for theory and

practice on the acceptability of Musa acuminata × M. balbisiana peel as Moisturizing

Lotion.

For existing theory.

The positive effect of the different factors such as the respondent's skin type,

age and initial skin moisture level affects the effectiveness of the product as observed

and experienced by the respondents. The theory that emphasized in the study is that

different factors were the key for creating an excellent moisturizer. Applying this theory

in the study, it stressed that determining your formulary target is the first and most

important step. The questions a formulator should be addressing include:

Who would the product be created for sensitive skin or dry

skin?

For practice.

The result of the study brought many implications for practice. The high effect of

the different personal attributes such as skin type, age and skin's initial moisture level

implied different effect on the acceptability of Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel as

Moisturizing Lotion. Interestingly, the effect of these factors implied that these were

indeed affects the effectivity of the said product. These provided chance or

opportunities for Musa acuminata × M. balbisiana peel as a moisturizing lotion. These

different factors where to be considered to create a suitable moisturizing lotion for

every age and skin type. Thus, making out product more effective.

Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusion of the study the following were

recommended:

The researchers recommend that further studies on the Musa acuminata× M.

balbisiana peel as moisturizing lotion. There is a need to refine the procedure and verify

the findings using more experiments. Future researchers should try other ways on how

Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana can be used aside from moisturizing lotion. Aside from

the Musa acuminata× M. balbisiana peel, we recommend using the other kinds of plants

like bell pepper and sampaloc leaves, if it can also be a moisturizing lotion. Different

concentrations of the experiment should be tried and determine the significant

difference with the current study. Researchers should find other plant that can be a

acceptability moisturizing lotion, they should try other things that is abundant in some

places that are usually thrown away.

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