Information Sheet CCHE 323-3.

2
Input data in computer

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. Identify the computer system
2. Elaborate the definition of input data in computer
3. Differentiate the types of input devices.

Computer System
A computer system is a set of integrated devices that takes input,
processes it, and gives output. Also, it stores data and information. The
computer system allows users to input, manipulate and store data.
Computer systems include a CPU, monitor, keyboard, mouse, and other
optional components.

A computer system is made up of three main parts

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

What are Input, Process, and Output?

Input

 A computer system accepts data and instructions at the input stage

 Any information or data sent to a computer for processing is
considered input.
 Input or user input is sent to a computer using an input device.
Process

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  Data and instructions are processed by a central processing unit
(CPU).
 A CPU is a computer system's brain that can transform data from
input devices into useful information or physical action.
 The CPU can process data fast but it can't think for itself. It only does
what it is told to do by following instructions.
Output
 An output is when the computer communicates the results of the
processed data.
 The data has been transformed into useful information that we can
see and use.
 This information is usually shown on a display monitor or paper
printout and it should be easy for us to understand.

Input: Getting Data from the User to the Computer

Some input data can go directly to the computer for processing.
Input in this category includes bar codes, speech that enters the computer
through a microphone, and data entered using a device that converts
motions to the on-screen action. Some input data, however, go through a
good deal of intermediate handlings, such as when it is copied from a source
document and translated to a medium that a machine can read, such as a
magnetic disk. In either case, the task is to gather data to be processed by
the computer sometimes called raw data, and convert it into some form the
computer can understand.

Input Devices- such as a keyboard or sensor are used to collect and provide
the computer system with data or instructions.
Keyboard
A keyboard is usually part of a personal
computer or part of a terminal that is connected to a
computer somewhere else. Not all keyboards are
traditional, however. A fast-food franchise like
McDonald's, for example, uses keyboards whose keys
represent items such as large fries or a Big Mac. Even
less traditional in the United States are keyboards that
are used to enter Chinese characters.

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Bachelor of Technical January 2021
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Mouse
A mouse is an input device with a ball on its
underside that is rolled on a flat surface, usually the desk
on which the computer sits. The rolling movement causes a
corresponding movement on the screen. Moving the mouse
allows you to reposition the pointer, or cursor, an indicator
on the screen that shows where the next interaction with
the computer can take place.
Joystick
The joystick is also a pointing device, which is used
to move the cursor position on a monitor screen. It is a
stick having a spherical ball at both lower and upper
ends. The lower spherical ball moves in a socket. The
joystick can be moved in all four directions.
The function of the joystick is similar to that of a mouse.
It is mainly used in Computer-Aided Designing (CAD) and playing computer
games.
Light Pen
A light pen is a pointing device similar to a pen. It is
used to select a displayed menu item or draw pictures
on the monitor screen. It consists of a photocell and an
optical system placed in a small tube.

Scanner
The scanner is an input device, which works more
like a photocopy machine. It is used when some
information is available on paper and it is to be
transferred to the hard disk of the computer for
further manipulation.
Digitizer
A digitizer is an input device that converts analog
information into digital form. A digitizer can convert a
signal from the television or camera into a series of
numbers that could be stored in a computer. They
can be used by the computer to create a picture of
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whatever the camera had been pointed at.
Microphone
The microphone is an input device to input sound
that is then stored in a digital form. The microphone
is used for various applications such as adding
sound to a multimedia presentation or for mixing
music.
Bar Code Readers
Bar Code Reader is a device used for reading bar-
coded data (data in the form of light and dark lines).
Barcoded data is generally used in labeling goods,
numbering the books, etc. It may be a handheld
scanner or may be embedded in a stationary
scanner.
Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
OMR is a special type of optical scanner used to
recognize the type of mark made by pen or pencil.
It is used where one out of a few alternatives is to
be selected and marked. It is specially used for
checking the answer sheets of examinations having
multiple-choice questions.

Bulacan Date Developed:

Bachelor of Technical January 2021
Teacher-Vocational Polytechnic Page 4 of 4
Education College
Teaching Common Document No. Developed by:
Competencies in HE Arjay C. Castillo Revision # 00
c/o Admin