Material

Specification GM7400M
Plastics

Plastic Parts

1 Scope Suffix Characteristics

Symbol
This standard provides a system for specifying signif-
icant properties of commonly used plastics, including FL Flexural Modulus – Secant
unpigmented and pigmented, unfilled and filled prod- FLS Flexural Modulus – Secant – ISO
ucts. It is intended to apply to parts (not resins) pri-
marily as used in the automotive and related indus- FM Flexural Modulus – Tangent
tries. It is also intended to be used either as the sole FS Flexural Strength
descriptor of a material or within the body of a specifi-
cation covering the common standard characteristics FSS Flexural Strength – ISO
required wherein additional specialized requirements HA Hardness – Shore A
are detailed.
HAS Hardness – Shore A – ISO
1.1 Material Description. It is based on the principle
HD Hardness – Shore D
that plastics should be described, insofar as is possi-
ble, in terms of specific performance characteristics HDS Hardness – Shore D – ISO
desired in the molded part and that an infinite number
of such descriptions can be formulated by the use of HE Hardness – Rockwell E
one or more standard statements (based on standard HK Hardness – Rockwell K
tests) each designating a quality level of a property or
HL Hardness – Rockwell L
characteristic. Thus, users of plastic parts can, by se-
lecting different combinations of performance charac- HM Hardness – Rockwell M
teristics, specify different combinations of properties
HR Hardness – Rockwell R
desired in various parts.
MP Melting Point
Table 1: Properties
MPS Melting Point – ISO
Suffix Characteristics
Symbol MV Vicat Softening Point
AH Heat Aging MVS Vicat Softening Point – ISO
AHS Heat Aging – ISO PL Parting Lines (GM9684P)
AM Humidity Aging PR Impact Resistance (GM9032P)
AMS Humidity Aging – ISO PS Multi-Axial Instrumented Impact
BT Brittleness Temperature PT Impact Resistance (GM9300P)
CL Color RE Regrind
CR Chemical Resistance RF Reinforcement and/or Filler
CS Compressive Strength SG Specific Gravity
CSS Compressive Strength – ISO TC Thermal Cycle Resistance
DS Dimensional Stability TR Tensile Strength – Rubber
EL Elongation TRS Tensile Strength – Rubber – ISO
ELS Elongation – ISO TS Tensile Strength

© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards, Records and Documentation
June 2001 Page 1 of 12
 GM7400M GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS

Suffix Characteristics Designation Tolerance

Symbol
M ± 0.10
TSS Tensile Strength – ISO
N ± 0.50
VE Verification
P ± 1.00
VL Volatile Loss
Q ± 2.00
VLS Volatile Loss – ISO
R ± 3.00
VM Melt Flow Rate
S ± 5.00
VMS Melt Flow Rate – ISO
T ± 10.00
VMV Melt Volume Flow Rate – ISO
1.1.1 Material Identification.
VR Relative Viscosity
1.1.1.1 Marking Of Parts. Parts shall be marked us-
VV Intrinsic Melt Viscosity
ing the latest version of ISO 11469. For example,
WA Water Absorption polycarbonate would be indicated as follows:
WM Moisture Stabilization > PC <
WQ Accelerated Weathering 1.1.1.1.1 Marking is required on all plastic parts ex-
– UV/CON cept in cases where fit, function, or appearance is
compromised. Extruded parts are also excluded from
WW Accelerated Weathering –
this requirement.
Carbon Arc Apparatus
WX Accelerated Weathering – 1.1.1.1.2 A molded part that is manufactured using
Xenon Arc Apparatus more than one polymer type shall have the plastic
symbols for each polymer type identified on the part.
XS Oxidative Stability Examples of manufacturing using more than one poly-
(ASTM D3012) mer type are coinjection molding and two-shot mold-
XSS Oxidative Stability – ISO ing.

XX Oxidative Stability (GM9059P) Note: The above does not include cases where
blends or alloys are used, consult ISO 11469 for the
Z Other Characteristics correct symbol to use.

Table 2: Tolerances 1.1.1.1.3 In cases where the letter height must be

Designation Tolerance
A Min
B Max
C ± 0.001
D ± 0.002
E ± 0.003
F ± 0.004
G ± 0.005
H ± 0.01
J ± 0.02
K ± 0.03
L ± 0.04
smaller than 1.5 mm in order to fit on the part, mark-
ing is not required. For ease of locating for recycling,
make the marking as large as possible without hinder-
ing appearance or function.
1.1.1.1.4 Where possible, the ISO marking shall be
located near the part number, cavity number, molding
date, or other markings on the part. If there is not
room near the other markings, or there are no other
markings on the part, then the ISO marking shall be
in an area that can be easily found when the part is
disassembled from the vehicle.
1.1.1.2 Standard Drawing Notes. Mark all plastic
parts per ISO 11469.
1.2 Cross-Reference of Replaced Specifications.
Subparagraphs were not applicable.
1.3 Symbol. To permit line call-out of the descrip-
tions mentioned, the system includes a symbol for

© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

Page 2 of 12 June 2001

GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS GM7400M

the general type of plastic resin to be used and a let- 3 Requirements

ter-number symbol for each quality level of each prop-
erty or characteristic.
Example: An automotive interior part might be spec-
ified as follows:
GM7400M ABS (DSB83, FM2200, RE20, SGE895,
TSB46)
Note: While this cell type format provides the means
for close characterization and specification of each
property and combination of properties for a broad
range of materials, it is subject to possible misappli-
cations since impossible property combinations can
be coded if the user is not familiar with available com-
mercial materials.
1.4 Typical Application. Not applicable.
1.5 Remarks. Not applicable.
2 References
Note: Only the latest approved standards are appli-
cable unless otherwise specified.
2.1 Normative.
Materials approved to this specification shall meet the
standard requirements of GMW3013.
The general type of material used to manufacture
the part shall be identified by a symbol following the
GM7400M specification number, unless the plastic
type is previously referenced in the material specifi-
cation (GMP or GM7001M) on the GM engineering
drawing. In that case, no material symbol is required.
The symbol used shall be as defined in ISO 11469. In
addition, parts shall be uniform in density, color, tex-
ture, finish, electrical and mechanical properties, and
free of porosity, warpage, checks or cracks, chipped
edges, blisters, and uneven surfaces. Unless more
specifically defined on engineering drawings, ap-
pearance and finish of parts shall conform to good
commercial practice (reasonably free of gates, flash,
ridges, roughness and tool marks, and of mold
lubricants and other contamination).
Parts described by basic number appended by suffix
letter-number symbols, i.e. GM7400M ABS (DSB83,
FM2300, RE20, SGE895, TSB46), shall conform to
additional requirements outlined in the specification.

ASTM D412 ASTM D570 3.1 Requirements on Delivery. The requirements

ASTM D638 ASTM D695 stated above shall be determined by the latest issue of
ASTM D785 ASTM D789 the test methods indicated. Tests shall be conducted
ASTM D790 ASTM D792 40 h minimum after molding and immediately follow-
ASTM D1203 ASTM D1238 ing a conditioning period of 24 h minimum in standard
ASTM D1505 ASTM D1525 laboratory atmosphere (22 ± 3) C and (50 ± 6) % RH
ASTM D2240 ASTM D3012 unless otherwise specified. (The two periods may run
ASTM D3763 ASTM G53 concurrently.) For nylon materials all tests shall be
ISO 37 ISO 62 conducted on dry as-molded test specimens which
ISO 176 ISO 178 have been sealed in water vapor impermeable con-
ISO 306 ISO 527 tainers immediately after molding and not exposed to
ISO 604 ISO 868 ambient humidity until immediately prior to testing.
ISO 1133 ISO 1183
3.1.1 Chemical Requirements. Not applicable.
ISO 3146 ISO 4577
ISO 11014-1 ISO 11469 3.1.2 Mechanical Requirements. Not applicable.
SAE J1545 SAE J1885
3.1.3 Physical Requirements. Not applicable.
2.2 GM.
3.1.4 Additional Requirements.
GM502M GM503S
3.1.4.1 Specimens for the tests specified herein shall
GM4373M GM7001M
be cut from parts where size and configuration permit.
GM9032P GM9059P
(When desirable, purchaser may indicate on the part
GM9094P GM9125P
drawing the areas where physical specimens are to
GM9300P GM9301P
be taken.) For parts which do not allow for the speci-
GM9327P GM9505P
fied sample sizes to be taken, it may be necessary to
GM9684P GMW3013
specify alternate functional tests.
GMW3059 9981062
9985129 3.2 Processing Requirements.
2.3 Additional. None. 3.2.1 Chemical Requirements. Not applicable.

© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

June 2001 Page 3 of 12

 GM7400M GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS

3.2.2 Mechanical Requirements. Not applicable.
3.2.3 Physical Requirements.
3.2.3.1 Suffix Requirements. See Table 1 for a
summary of the suffix symbols. Table 2 is a listing of
symbols for tolerances, unless otherwise indicated
under an individual property.
3.2.3.1.1 Suffix AH – Heat Aging Followed by
ASTM D638. Suffix AHS – Heat Aging Followed
by ISO 527. Tensile test specimens cut from parts
shall be exposed in an air-circulating oven (described
in GM9059P) for the time and temperature indicated
respectively by the first and second numerals follow-
ing the suffix AH or AHS-symbol (see Table 3). After
the exposure period, the maximum change in tensile
strength and elongation allowed when measured
according to ASTM D638 or ISO 527 shall be as
indicated by the third and fourth numerals following
the suffix AH or AHS-symbol (see Table 3). Test
specimens shall be conditioned after the exposure
period for the same time period and at the same tem-
perature and relative humidity used for determining
initial tensile and elongation.
Table 3: Heat Aging; Humidity Aging
Characteristics
1 2
Exposure Time 7 h 72 h
(First Numeral)
Example: AH2657 = After 72 h at 175 C, there
shall be no more than ± 25 % change in tensile
strength and ± 40 % change in elongation.
AH9557 = After 4 h at 120 C, there shall be no
more than ± 25 % change in tensile strength and ±
40 % change in elongation.
3.2.3.1.2 Suffix AM – Humidity Aging Followed
by ASTM D638. AMS – Humidity Aging Followed
by ISO 527. Tensile test specimens cut from parts
shall be exposed at 95 to 100 % RH for the time and
temperature as designated by the first and second
numerals following the suffix AM or AMS-symbol (see
Table 3). After the exposure period, the maximum
change in tensile strength and elongation allowed
when measured according to ASTM D638 or ISO 527
shall be as indicated by the third and fourth numerals
following the suffix AM or AMS-symbol (see Table 3).
Test specimens shall be sealed in a moisture proof
container and allowed to cool overnight before the
tensile and elongation tests are performed.
Numeral Designation
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
96 h 1 wk 2 wks 3 wks 4 wks 16 Other
wks (Note 1)

Exposure Temperature, 38 85 95 105 120 175 Other

C (Note 1) (Note 1)

(Second Numeral)
Tensile Strength ± 5 ± 10 ± 15 ± 20 ± 25 ± 30 ± 40 ± 50 Not
Change, max, % Speci-
(Third Numeral) fied
Elongation Change, ± 5 ± 10 ± 15 ± 20 ± 25 ± 30 ± 40 ± 50 Not
max, % Speci-
(Fourth Numeral) fied

Note 1: Unless otherwise specified, the temperature tolerance shall be ± 2 C.

Example: AM4236 = After 1 week at 85 C and 95 3.2.3.1.3 Suffix BT – Brittleness Temperature.

to 100 % RH, there shall be no more than ± 15 %
change in tensile strength and ± 30 % change in
elongation.
AM9136 = After 24 h 38 C and 95 to 100 % RH,
there shall be no more than 15 % change in tensile
strength and 30 % change in elongation. (In this
case, a Z-suffix shall also be used to specify the
exposure time required.)
Specimens taken from a part (using part substrate
thickness by 12.5 x 125 mm) shall not fracture or
crack when rapidly flexed around a mandrel. The
mandrel diameter shall be equal to a constant times
the actual part thickness. The constant shall be
specified by the first and second numerals following
the suffix BT-symbol. The test shall be conducted
after 4 h exposure at the temperature indicated by
the third and fourth numerals following the suffix
BT-symbol times the factor −1 C.

© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

Page 4 of 12 June 2001

GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS
Example: BT0930 = No fracture when flexed
around a mandrel 9 times the part thickness after
4 h at −30 C.
Note: Table 4 gives examples of the relation be-
tween the induced stress and the mandrel diameter,
where T represents the actual part thickness.
Table 4:
Constant (X) Mandrel dia Stress
[1/(X+1)]
04 4T 20.0 %
09 9T 10.0 %
19 19T 5.0 %
Note: The painted surface of the specimen or the
highest stressed surface of the specimen shall be
the surface having the greatest formed radius when
flexed.
3.2.3.1.4 Suffix CL – Color. The part color shall
be indicated by the numeral following the CL-symbol.
This section is not intended to serve as a color match.
CL1 = Black CL4 = Gray CL7 = Red
CL2 = Blue CL5 = Green CL8 = White
CL3 = Brown CL6 = Natural CL9 = Yellow
3.2.3.1.5 Suffix CR – Chemical Resistance. Parts
or portions of parts shall be subjected to the expo-
sures indicated by the amended suffix CR-symbol.
CR1 = Resistance to 24 % ethyl acetate in
methanol (recommended for polycarbonate only).
The surface of the part must be free of cracks,
scratches and imperfections as received and after
3 minutes immersion in a solution of (24 ± 1) % by
volume of ethyl acetate in methanol.
CR2 = Resistance to 33 % ethyl acetate in
methanol (recommended for polycarbonate only).
The surface of the part must be free of cracks,
scratches and imperfections as received and after
3 minutes immersion in a solution of (33 ± 1) % by
volume of ethyl acetate in methanol.
CR3 = Resistance to windshield washer solvent.
Parts or portions of parts shall be immersed for 1 h
in a room temperature solution of GM windshield
washer solution 9985129. After exposure, there
must be no indication of discoloration, stress crack-
ing, or other detrimental appearance or functional
effects.
© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
June 2001
GM7400M
CR4 = Resistance to unleaded gasoline. Parts or
portions of parts shall be immersed in the specified
reference fuel 10 times for 10 s with a 20 s evapo-
ration period between each dip. The reference fuel
shall consist of 45 % by volume toluene and 55 %
by volume 9981062. After exposure, there must be
no indication of discoloration, delamination, stress
cracking, or other detrimental appearance or func-
tional effects.
CR5 = Resistance to corrosion, parts with metal-
lized plastic laminate. The portion of the part con-
taining the metallized film, end or edge, will be im-
mersed in a 10 % solution of sodium hydroxide for
60 minutes at (22 ± 3) C. Immediately upon re-
moval of the part from the solution and rinsing in
water, the part will be examined. There must be no
evidence of discoloration, delamination, or loss of
metallizing.
3.2.3.1.6 Suffix CS – Compressive Strength
Followed by ASTM D695. CSS – Compressive
Strength Followed by ISO 604. As determined by
ASTM D695 or ISO 604, the compressive strength
shall be no less than the numeral value following the
suffix CS or CSS-symbol expressed in MPa.
Example: CS20 = 20 MPa minimum
3.2.3.1.7 Suffix DS – Dimensional Stability. Af-
ter 4 h exposure in an oven, parts shall conform to
the dimensions and tolerances shown on engineering
drawings. The oven shall be set at the temperature,
in degrees Celsius, indicated by the numerals follow-
ing the suffix DS-symbol. Where appropriate, parts
shall be held during measuring and heating in a man-
ner similar to that encountered during actual use of
the part.
Example: DS85 = 4 h at 85 C
When the letter F follows the numerals, parts shall
be held/fixtured during measuring and heating in a
manner to replicate the vehicle installation.
Example: DS85F = 4 h at 85 C fixtured to replicate
vehicle installation.
3.2.3.1.7.1 Where 4 h exposure is not appropriate,
other exposure periods may be specified by amend-
ing the suffix DS-symbol as follows:
DSA = 1 h DSD = 16 h
DSB = 2 h DSE = 24 h
DSC = 8 h
Example: DSC85 = 8 h at 85 C
Page 5 of 12
 GM7400M
3.2.3.1.8 Suffix EL – Elongation Followed by
ASTM D638. ELS – Elongation Followed by
ISO 527. The elongation shall be determined by
ASTM D638 or ISO 527. The test speed shall
be indicated by the first letter following the EL or
ELS-symbol. Whether the elongation is measured at
yield or ultimate shall be indicated by the second let-
ter following the EL-symbol. The percent elongation
shall be no less than the numeral value following the
amended suffix EL or ELS-symbol.
A = 5 mm/minute U = Ultimate
B = 50 mm/minute Y = Yield
C = 500 mm/minute
Example: ELBY40 = 40 % minimum at 50
mm/minute at yield
3.2.3.1.9 Suffix FL – Flexural Modulus, Secant
Followed by ASTM D790. FLS – Flexural Modu-
lus, Secant Followed by ISO 178. Secant modulus
of elasticity shall be determined as specified by
ASTM D790 at 22 C and 2.5 mm deflection or
ISO 178. The value so determined shall be no less
than the numeral value following the suffix FL or
FLS-symbol.
Example: FL2500 = 2500 MPa minimum, secant
method.
3.2.3.1.10 Suffix FM – Flexural Modulus, Tan-
gent. The flexural modulus shall be determined by
ASTM D790, Method I, Tangent, using a deflection of
2.5 mm and a test speed indicated for the appropriate
thickness and span. The flexural modulus shall be
no less than the numeral value following the suffix
FM-symbol in MPa.
Example: FM2000 = 2000 MPa minimum
3.2.3.1.11 Suffix FS – Flexural Strength Followed
by ASTM D790. FSS – Flexural Strength Followed
by ISO 178. The flexural strength shall be determined
at 22 C as specified by ASTM D790 or ISO 178. The
flexural strength shall be no less than the numeral
value following the suffix FS or FSS-symbol in MPa.
Example: FS37 = 37 MPa minimum
3.2.3.1.12 Suffix HA/HD – Hardness, Shore A or
Shore D Followed by ASTM D2240. HAS/HDS
– Hardness, Shore A or Shore D Followed by
ISO 868. The hardness shall be determined by the
test method described in ASTM D2240 or ISO 868
using either the Shore A or Shore D scale as indi-
cated by the amending letter. The numerals following
the amended H-symbol or HS-symbol shall indicate
© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
Page 6 of 12
GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS
the hardness value while the tolerance shall be
indicated by the letter immediately preceding the
numerals (see Table 2). Unless otherwise specified,
Shore A readings shall be taken as an instantaneous
maximum while Shore D readings shall be taken
following a 15 s delay.
Examples: HAA80 = 80 minimum (Shore A);
HDS40 = (40 ± 5) (Shore D)
3.2.3.1.13 Suffix HE/HK/HL/HM/HR – Rockwell
Hardness. The hardness shall be determined by
the test method described in ASTM D785 using the
Rockwell scale indicated by the amending letter.
The numerals following the amended H-symbol shall
indicate the hardness value while the tolerance shall
be indicated by the letter immediately preceding the
numerals (see Table 2).
Example: HMA90 = Rockwell 90 M minimum
3.2.3.1.14 Suffix MP – Melting Point per GM9094P.
MPS – Melting Point per ISO 3146. The melting
point shall be determined by GM9094P at a rate of
10 C/minute or by ISO 3146 Methods A, B or C. The
numerals following the amended MP or MPS-symbol
shall indicate the melting point value in degrees Cel-
sius while the tolerance shall be indicated by the letter
immediately preceding the numerals (see Table 2).
Examples: MPA82 = 82 C minimum; MPB88 = 88
C maximum; MPR85 = (85 ± 3) C
3.2.3.1.15 Suffix MV – Vicat Softening Point Fol-
lowed by ASTM D1525. MVS – Vicat Softening
Point Followed by ISO 306. The vicat softening point
shall be determined per ASTM D1525 at a rate of 2
C/minute or ISO 306 at 50 C/h. The softening point
shall be no less than the numeral value following the
suffix MV or MVS-symbol expressed in degrees Cel-
sius.
Example: MV105 = 105 C minimum
3.2.3.1.16 Suffix PL – Parting Line. For parting
lines that are visible when the part is in the vehicle
installed position or will be handled during vehicle op-
eration, the finished molded part shall have an accept-
able offset when evaluated as described in GM9684P.
3.2.3.1.17 Suffix PR – Impact Resistance. Parts
shall show no evidence of cracking when impact
tested at point or points indicated on the engineering
drawing. If no points are indicated on the drawing,
this test shall be omitted. Tests shall be conducted
according to GM9032P immediately following ex-
posure of the part to one of the conditions listed in
Table 5 (as specified by the first numeral of the suffix
PR-symbol), while the part is at test temperature,
June 2001
GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS GM7400M

and utilizing a minimum energy (as indicated by the Table 5: Impact Conditioning
second, or second and third numeral of this symbol)
1= Subject to (23 ± 1.5) C for 4 h
times the factor 0.1 J.
2= Cool to (−30 ± 1.5) C for 4 h
Example: PR120 = Subject part to 23 C for 4 h,
impact at 2 J per GM9032P. 3= Expose per suffix AH-symbol,
followed by 4 h at (23 ± 1.5) C
3.2.3.1.18 Suffix PS – Multi-Axial Instrumented
Impact Test. The impact resistance shall be defined 4= Expose per suffix AH-symbol,
as the Total Energy under the Curve when tested subject to (23 ± 1.5) C for
using a multi-axial instrumented impact tester per approximately 2 h and to
ASTM D3763. Test panels shall be (2.5 ± 0.2) mm (−30 ± 1.5) C for 4 h
thick by a minimum of 100 mm diameter or 100 mm
square. Parts with thicknesses other than 2.5 mm 3.2.3.1.20 Suffix RF – Reinforcement And/Or
shall be indicated using a Z-suffix. The impact speed Filler. The reinforcement and/or filler, expressed
shall be 6.7 m/s or 2.2 m/s (indicated by the first letter as mass percent, shall be specified by one or two
following the PS-symbol); the impact probe shall numerals following the suffix RF-symbol. See Ta-
have a 12.7 mm diameter; and the clamping rings ble 6. The tolerance shall be indicated by the first
shall have a 76.2 mm inner diameter. The test shall letter following the amended suffix RF-symbol (see
immediately follow exposure of the part to one of the Table 2). The method used to determine the percent
conditions listed in Table 5 (as specified by the first of reinforcement/filler is found in the appropriate
numeral of the suffix PS-symbol), while the part is at GMP.XXX.000, GMN or GMW specification. If no
test temperature, and utilizing a minimum energy (as method is listed, a method shall be determined that
indicated by the second, or second and third numeral is agreed to by both the supplier and the Engineering
of this symbol) times the factor 0.1 J. Department.
Table 6: Fillers and Reinforcements
A = 2.2 m/s (exterior parts)
AS Aluminum Silicate
B = 6.7 m/s (interior parts)
BS Barium Sulfate
Example: PSB120 = Subject part to 23 C for 4 h,
impact at 2 J at 6.7 m/s per ASTM D3763. CB Carbon Black

3.2.3.1.19 Suffix PT – Impact Resistance, CF Carbon Fibers

GM9300P. Certain relatively flat parts will have CT Cotton Flock
impact evaluated using test samples cut from the
part. Samples (100 mm discs or 100 = 100 mm) CS Calcium Silicate
shall be cut from the parts and impacted using the CU Copper
method described in GM9300P. Surface texture,
where present, will be mounted up so that the dart DP Dimethyl Polysiloxane (Polymeric
radius strikes the textured surface. The backside of Silicone)
the test sample must be selected to avoid knockout FF Fluorocarbon Fiber
pins and parting lines or other surface irregularities
that may serve as a stress concentration point. As FG Fluorocarbon Granules
many samples as area will permit shall be cut from GC Glass Fibers (Coupled)
a single part. The test shall immediately follow
exposure of the part to one of the conditions listed in GF Glass Fibers
Table 5 (as specified by the first numeral of the suffix GH Glass Spheres (Hollow)
PT-symbol), while the part is at test temperature,
and utilizing a minimum energy (as indicated by the GL Glass Flakes
second, or second and third numeral of this symbol) GR Graphite
times the factor 0.1 J.
GS Glass Spheres (Solid)
Example: PT260 = Cool part to −30 C for 4 h,
HS Heat Stabilizer
impact at 6 J per GM9300P.

© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

June 2001 Page 7 of 12

 GM7400M GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS

MC Mica TC4 = Normally used for interior parts above

the beltline, GM9505P, Cycle F.
MD Molybdenum Disulfide
TC5 = Plating cycle for completely enveloped
MF Mineral Filler
parts, GM4373M.
PG Pigment
TC6 = Plating cycle for parts not completely
PS Polyphenylene Sulfide enveloped, GM4373M.
SL Silicone TC7 = Moisture cold cycles tested per
GM9505P, Cycle A.
SS Sisal
TC8 = Corrosion cycles tested per
TA Talc
GM9505P, Cycle B.
TD Titanium Dioxide
3.2.3.1.23 Suffix TR – Tensile Strength, Elastomer
TF Total Filler Content
Followed by ASTM D412. TRS – Tensile Strength,
VA Vinyl Acetate Elastomer Followed by ISO 37. When the T-suffix
is amended by the letter R, the tensile strength shall
WF Wood Fiber
be determined by ASTM D412 or ISO 37. Test speed
WL Wood Flour shall be indicated by the first letter following the TR
or TRS-symbol. The tensile strength shall be no less
Example: RFGFA30 = 30 % glass fibers minimum; than the value indicated by the numerals which follow
RFGFB35 = 35 % glass fibers max; RFGFR25, the suffix TR or TRS-symbol in MPa.
RFMDN5 = (25 ± 3) % glass fibers with (5 ± 0.5)
A = 5 mm/minute
% molybdenum disulfide.
B = 50 mm/minute
3.2.3.1.21 Suffix SG – Specific Gravity. As de-
termined by ASTM D792, Method A, or Density by C = 500 mm/minute
ISO 1183/A the specific gravity shall be within the
tolerance indicated by the letter following the suffix Example: TRA45 = 45 MPa minimum at 5
SG-symbol; and the value shall be as indicated by mm/minute
the numerals following the amended SG-symbol TRSA45 = 45 MPa minimum at 5 mm/minute
times the factor 0.001. ASTM D1505 may be used in
place of ASTM D792 or ISO 1183/A providing density 3.2.3.1.24 Suffix TS – Tensile Strength Followed
is converted to specific gravity by the following: by ASTM D638. TSS – Tensile Strength Followed
by ISO 527. The tensile strength, ultimate for those
sp gr 23/23 C = 0.9975 = D23 C, g/m3 materials which do not exhibit a definite yield point
and at yield for those materials which do have a yield
Example: SGE895 = (0.895 ± 0.003)
point, shall be determined by ASTM D638 or ISO 527.
3.2.3.1.22 Suffix TC – Thermal Cycle Resistance. Testing shall be according to the 0.2 % offset method
Parts shall be subjected to the test cycle indicated by for determining yield stress. Test speed shall be indi-
the numeral following the suffix TC-symbol. See Ta- cated by the first letter following the TS or TSS-sym-
ble 7. At the conclusion of the test, the parts shall bol. The value shall be no less than the numerals
show no objectionable material degradation, shrink- which follow the suffix TS or TSS-symbol in MPa.
age, blistering, distortion or other effects which would
A = 5 mm/minute
detract from appearance or affect performance.
B = 50 mm/minute
Table 7: Thermal Cycle Resistance
C = 500 mm/minute
TC1 = Normally used for interior parts above
the beltline, GM9505P, Cycle D. Example: TSA20 = 20 MPa minimum at 5
mm/minute
TC2 = Normally used for interior parts above
the beltline, GM9505P, Cycle E. 3.2.3.1.25 Suffix VE – Verification. Parts must
match samples upon which original approval was
TC3 = Normally used for interior parts above
granted when tested per the method listed after the
the beltline, GM9505P, Cycle C.
VE-symbol.

© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

Page 8 of 12 June 2001

GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS GM7400M

VE1 = Infrared Characterization Scan Condition Temperature Load

VE2 = Differential Scanning Calorimeter ( C) (kg)
VE3 = Thermogravimetric Analysis K 275 0.325
3.2.3.1.26 Suffix VL – Volatile Loss Followed by L 230 2.16
ASTM D1203. VLS – Volatile Loss Followed by
ISO 176 Method E. As determined by the test method M 190 1.05
described in ASTM D1203 or ISO 176 (Method E), N 190 10.0
the volatile loss shall not exceed the value indicated
by the numeral or numerals following the suffix VL or O 300 1.2
VLS-symbol expressed as mass percent. Where the P 190 5.0
test temperature is not appropriate, other tempera-
Q 235 1.0
tures may be specified by amending the suffix symbol
as follows: R 235 2.16
VLA = 70 C S 235 5.0
VLC = 100 C T 250 2.16
VLE = 120 C
U 310 12.5
VLB = 80 C
V 210 2.16
VLD = 105 C
W 285 2.16
VLF = 150 C
Example: VLD15 = 15 % maximum volatile loss at X 315 5.0
105 C
Example: VMLM80 = (0.80 ± 0.10) g/10 minutes at
3.2.3.1.27 Suffix VM – Melt Flow Rate Followed by 230 C and 2.16 kg load.
ASTM D1238. VMS – Melt Flow Rate Followed by
ISO 1133. The melt flow rate shall be determined by 3.2.3.1.28 Suffix VR – Relative Viscosity. The rel-
ASTM D1238 or ISO 1133. The standard test con- ative viscosity shall be determined by ASTM D789.
ditions shall be as designated in Table 8, and shall The tolerance shall be indicated by the letter (see Ta-
immediately follow the suffix VM or VMS-symbol. The ble 2) immediately preceding the numerical viscosity
tolerance shall be indicated by the letter (see Table 2) value.
immediately preceding the numeral value. The melt Examples: VRA80 = 80 minimum; VRT90 = (90 ±
flow rate shall be indicated by the numeral value times 10)
the factor 0.01 g/10 minutes.
3.2.3.1.29 Suffix VV – Intrinsic Melt Viscosity.
Table 8: Melt Flow Rate The intrinsic melt viscosity shall be determined by
Temperature Load GM9301P. A 15:1 L/D ratio shall be used for ex-
Condition
( C) (kg) trusion grade materials, a 20:1 L/D ratio is used for
injection grade filled materials, and a 25:1 L/D ratio
A 125 0.325 shall be used for injection grade unfilled materials.
B 125 2.16 The test temperature shall be the melt temperature
used in processing and the dwell times shall be 6,
C 150 2.16 10, 14 and 18 minutes. The intrinsic melt viscosity
D 190 0.325 in Pa·s shall be specified by the numerals following
the amended suffix VV-symbol. The tolerance shall
E 190 2.16 be indicated by the first letter following the suffix
F 190 21.60 VV-symbol (see Table 2).
Example: VVA240 = 240 Pa·s minimum; VVB610
G 200 5.0
= 610 Pa·s maximum
H 230 1.2
3.2.3.1.30 Suffix WA – Water Absorption. The
I 230 3.8 water absorption as determined by ASTM D570 or
ISO 62 shall not exceed the value following the suffix
J 265 12.5
WA-symbol in % times the factor of 0.10.

© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

June 2001 Page 9 of 12

 GM7400M
Example: WA35 = 3.5 % maximum
3.2.3.1.31 Suffix WM – Moisture Stabilization.
The moisture content shall be determined using
ASTM D789. When the suffix WM-symbol is spec-
ified, the minimum moisture content shall be 1.7
% and the maximum moisture content shall be 3.0
%. These percentages are based upon the percent
polymer in the compound (i.e., if the compound has
40 % filler, only 60 % of the formulation is resin;
therefore, the required moisture content is 1.02 % or
60 % of 1.7).
3.2.3.1.32 Suffix WQ – Accelerated Weather Re-
sistance, QUV/UVCON. Samples taken from a fin-
ished part, specimen size 75 x 300 mm approximately,
shall be exposed in the QUV Cyclic Ultraviolet Weath-
ering Tester or the Atlas UVCON per ASTM G53 for
the total number of h indicated by the numerals fol-
lowing the WQ-symbol. The exposure shall be run in
cycles consisting of 8 h ultraviolet humidity exposure
at (70 ± 3) C followed by 4 h of 100 % condensing
humidity exposure at (50 ± 4) C. Following the spec-
ified exposure, the glossmeter reading taken on the
exposed specimens shall be no less than the value
indicated by the letter following the WQ-suffix symbol.
See Table 9. In addition, the samples shall show no
objectionable appearance change, such as yellowing,
bronzing, checking, water spotting or tackiness.
Example: WQF400 = 400 h exposure with a mini-
mum reading of 80.
Table 9: Accelerated Weather Resistance
Designation Min Reading
YA 40
YB 50
YC 60
YD 70
YE 75
YF 80
YG 85
YH 90
3.2.3.1.33 Suffix WW – Accelerated Weather Re-
sistance, Carbon Arc Weatherometer. The sam-
ples shall be exposed in a twin enclosed carbon arc
© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
Page 10 of 12
GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS
weatherometer per GM9125P. The first letter fol-
lowing the suffix WW-symbol shall indicate the black
panel temperature. The numerals following the suffix
WW-symbol shall indicate the total number of h expo-
sure. Parts or portions of parts must show no indica-
tion of surface deterioration, bubbling, delamination,
increase in hardness, crazing, chalking, objectionable
color or gloss change, or any other change that affects
appearance or performance.
A = 70 C Black Panel Temperature
B = 90 C Black Panel Temperature
Example: WWB300 = 300 h exposure at BP of 90
C
3.2.3.1.34 Suffix WXA and WXB – Accelerated
Weather Resistance, Xenon Arc Weatherometer.
3.2.3.1.34.1 WXA Exterior Requirement. Parts
shall be exposed to 2500 kJ/m2 per GM9327P.
(Exposed parts shall not exhibit surface tackiness,
embrittlement, change in hardness, blooming, blis-
tering, or other factors which might affect the function
or appearance or the part.) Color changes shall
not exceed a E of 3.0 units when measured per
SAE J1545 (CIELAB color space, 10 observer, Il-
luminant D65, specular component included). Visual
evaluation of color change shall override the E
results. Samples shall be washed and/or polished as
appropriate to the GMP.XXX.000 procedure for the
type of material.
3.2.3.1.34.2 WXB Interior Requirement. Test
for color fastness to light per SAE J1885 (Interior
Exposure Procedure). The requirements may vary
depending on the base polymer. Refer to the appro-
priate material specification for the level of exposure
and color change ( E). Exposed parts shall not
exhibit surface tackiness, embrittlement, change
in hardness, blooming, blistering, or other factors
which might affect the function or appearance or the
part. Color changes shall not exceed a E of 3.0
units when measured per SAE J1545 (CIELAB color
space, 10 observer, Illuminant D65, specular com-
ponent included). If no material specification is used
on the engineering drawing, the exposure level and
E requirement shall be specified on the engineering
drawing by using a suffix. The exposure level (units
of kJ/m2) will immediately follow the specification
number, and the E requirement (maximum value)
shall follow the exposure level.
Example: WXB601.6 - 3 = Exposure level of 601.6
kJ/m2 and E requirement of 3.0 maximum
June 2001
GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS
3.2.3.1.35 Suffix XS – Oxidative Stability Followed
by ASTM D3012. XSS – Oxidative Stability Fol-
lowed by ISO 4577. Specimens taken from a molded
part and exposed to ASTM D3012 or ISO 4577, Test
for Thermal Oxidative Stability, for the period of time,
in days, indicated by the numeral of the suffix XS or
XSS-symbol, shall not become crazed and friable in
appearance and shall not become brittle. (Brittleness
shall be determined by removing specimens from test
apparatus, placing on a flat surface, and subjecting to
a light compressive force.)
Examples: XS1 = 1 day; XS14 = 14 days
3.2.3.1.36 Suffix XT – Oxidative Stability,
GM9059P. When the suffix X-symbol is appended
by the letter T, then GM9059P, Test for Thermal-Ox-
idation Stability Characteristics of Plastics, shall be
used.
3.2.3.1.37 Suffix Z – Other Characteristics. Other
characteristics shall be specified by the purchaser.
Note: The symbol Z appended to the specification
number indicates the existence of requirements other
than those designated by symbols explained in the
tabulation above. These are normally shown in the
body of engineering drawings under the heading Sup-
plementary Material Requirement.
3.2.4 Additional Requirements. Not applicable.
3.3 Performance Requirements. Subparagraphs
were not applicable.
3.4 Requirements on other Stages during Life Cy-
cle.
3.4.1 Chemical Requirements. Not applicable.
3.4.2 Mechanical Requirements. Not applicable.
3.4.3 Physical Requirements. Not applicable.
3.4.4 Additional Requirements.
3.4.4.1 Suffix RE – Regrind. The percent regrind
allowed per part shall not exceed the numeric value
following the suffix RE-symbol. If Home Scrap regrind
as defined in GM502M (scrap that is reused back into
the same part) is the only type to be specified for use,
the letters HS should follow the numeric regrind value.
The use of regrind must not preclude the part from
meeting the other specified characteristics of part per-
formance. Furthermore, in any case,
- The maximum regrind content shall be limited to
the % that was validated and submitted for PPAP.
- The type of regrind must be of the same material
that was validated and submitted for PPAP.
© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
June 2001
GM7400M
- The regrind must be clean and dry, free of contam-
ination.
- The regrind must be blended proportionately with
the virgin.
Examples:
RE50 = 50 % maximum regrind
RE20HS = 20 % maximum Home Scrap only
3.4.4.1.1 When this specification and RE suffix does
not appear on the part print, no regrind is approved
for use.
3.4.4.1.2 No painted, laminated or plated regrind may
be used without the written approval of the Engineer-
ing Department.
3.4.4.1.3 To specify a regrind material, please consult
the following specifications: Appendix in GM502M,
GM Recycling Design Guidelines for the definition
of regrind; GM503S, Procedures for Creating, Re-
vising, and Approving Compounds to GMP Speci-
fications. Use the GM7400M RE call-out to specify a
regrind material if a line call-out is the chosen method
of specification.
4 Manufacturing Process
Not applicable.
5 Rules and Regulations
5.1 Legal Regulations. For use of this material the
valid laws and other regulations and recommenda-
tions in the country of usage shall be followed.
5.2 Language. In the event of any conflict between
the English and domestic language regarding this
document, the English language will take prece-
dence.
5.3 Restricted and Reportable Substances for
Parts (GMW3059). All materials supplied to this
specification must comply with the requirements of
GMW3059 Restricted and Reportable Substances
for Parts.
5.4 Inspection and Rejection. All shipments of ma-
terials or parts under contract or purchase order man-
ufactured to this specification shall be equivalent in
every respect to the initial samples approved by engi-
neering. There shall be no changes in the formulation
or manufacturing process permitted without prior no-
tification and approval by engineering. Lack of notifi-
cation by the supplier constitutes grounds for rejection
of any shipment. While samples may be taken from
Page 11 of 12
 GM7400M
incoming shipments and checked for conformance to
this specification, the supplier shall accept the respon-
sibility for incoming shipments meeting this specifi-
cation without dependence upon the purchaser’s in-
spection.
5.5 Initial Source Approval. No shipments shall be
made by any supplier until representative initial pro-
duction samples have been approved by Materials
Engineering as meeting the requirements of this spec-
ifications.
5.6 Material Safety Data Sheets. Completed copies
of the Material Safety Data Sheets, consistent with
ISO 11014-1 standard, meeting GM information
requirements must be submitted with any new sub-
missions or whenever a composition change has
occurred.
6 Approved Sources
Engineering qualification of an approved source is re-
quired for this specification. Only sources listed in the
GM Materials File (i.e., MATSPC) under this specifi-
cation number have been qualified by engineering as
meeting the requirements of this specification.
© Copyright June 2001 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
Page 12 of 12
GM ENGINEERING STANDARDS
6.1 Source Shipment Responsibility. It will be the
responsibility of the supplier to insure that the material
is not exposed to temperatures during shipment which
would cause the material to fail to meet any of the
requirements of this specification.
7 Coding System
This material specification shall be referenced in other
documents, drawings, VTS, CTS, etc. as follows:
GM7400M
8 Release and Revisions
8.1 Release. This standard was originated by the
Plastics Committee in June 1987.
8.2 Revisions.
Rev. Date Description (Org.)
I FEB 2000 Added ISO procedures – See Ta-
ble 1. (Plastics Committee)
J JUN 2001 Reformatted revision (GM)
June 2001