video Review

[Document subtitle]
 Video Review:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vR5KBTqq9QY

Introduction
The core of Jared Diamond's theory is that favorable geography explains why some countries
have historically been able to extend their boundaries and seize control of huge sections of the
world. They were able to shift away from subsistence hunting and gathering because of the
abundance of agricultural resources available to them, as well as the local fauna and climate. In
consequence, the agricultural lifestyle allowed for the emergence of "specialists" within the
culture. These "specialists" were free to focus on creating and refining the technologies that
would provide these cultures an economic and military advantage over their rivals. Diamond
argues that humans in temperate locations were more likely to develop advanced civilizations
because their natural animals were amenable to domestication.
Body
Diamond's determination to find a solution to "Yali's" question of why certain cultures are
advanced while others are not compelled him to investigate a period of time during which there
was no inequity between different societies. As a result of his research into the historical records,
Diamond has given a solution to this mystery. According to his theory, the reason why certain
cultures fell farther behind while others advanced is due to the topography of the regions in
which they lived. He stated that the ethnic differences between people and their inventiveness
had nothing to do with the inequity that exists today. Rather than that, it was more about the
geographical benefits or drawbacks that a particular location brought to one community while
becoming a difficulty for another society. According to him, the pre-agricultural and pro-
domestication of animal lands were the ones that were more conducive to the growth of
civilizations and offered people the chance to be more productive in terms of feeding themselves.
It caused these cultures to begin living in bigger communities and working together as groups,
with each member developing expertise in a certain area of labour. He contends that the
improved productivity in feeding themselves led to them having additional time, which allowed
people to acquire other talents such as creating tools, building dwellings, and other such things.
The theory that Diamond put up is very compelling in this regard since it solves the question of
how Eurasia became the focal centre of technological development and growth while
Australasia, Africa, and the United States trailed behind. It disproves the notions of racists who
believe people from Europe are more inventive than people from other parts of the world since
those people have not invented such technology. The fact that humans have not provided an
explanation for any of the achievements or failures of the many civilizations is another reality
that is ignored. There was no consideration given to whether or if people made a choice or
whether they did not make a decision. Furthermore, the culture, the religion, the leadership, and a
great deal of other aspects are not taken into consideration in this research.
Jared Diamond in Guns Germs and Steel concludes that although while all human societies
began with agriculture, not all of them progressed at the same rate. Diamond claims that Middle
Easterners had an upper hand over New Guineans because of the latter's reliance on low-protein
foods like taro and the former's ability to domesticate animals for food and other uses (such as
milk, which is rich in protein). New Guineans, on the other hand, had to make do with meagre
harvests of taro and bananas since they lacked the resources to engage in animal domestication
like their Middle Eastern counterparts. If New Guinea has the same physical features as the
Middle East or the Americas, the cultures there may have flourished even farther than they have
so far. On the other hand, the colonial peoples they faced relied on antiquated agricultural
practices and had little exposure to historical developments. Personal choices, in my view, have
an impact on historical outcomes as well. The Spanish, for example, were known for their
eagerness to discover uncharted territories. They ventured forth in search of wealth and territory
for their country. Their advanced civilization brought with it a new way of thinking or a new
culture. There wouldn't have been nearly as much colonization of other cultures by the Spanish if
they hadn't explored. Things like location have a role in shaping the course of history. New
Guineans were very poor. They climbed sago trees to get the sago. It was time-consuming and
labor-intensive, with just a little amount of sago produced from each tree. Though humans have
little say in the matter, weather and topography determine to a large extent the kind of
surroundings that various communities call home. A civilization's success or failure may rest
largely on its geographical, climatic, and environmental circumstances. Agriculturalists
ultimately made more progress than their hunter-gatherer counterparts. While there were farmers
in New Guinea, they were not nearly as productive as their counterparts in China or the United
States. The reason for this was that the land they were cultivating was not as fertile as other areas
of the planet.
Conclusion
Putting everything in a nutshell, according to Jared diamond, geography or the location of the
civilization is indeed the decisive factor in shaping the destiny of civilization. It is believed that
the advancement of any civilization does depend on the geography but the rise and fall does
depend on the individual decisions as well. The point Jared diamond raised depicts that location
is a decisive factor in shaping the destiny of civilizations and he proved his point by comparing
the civilizations of the area like middle eastern and America with the geography of New Guinea
and similar places like it.