MEDI-CAPS UNIVERSITY, INDORE

Department of Physics

Engineering Physics (EN3BS16)

Mini Project

Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging System

CSE/IT P8

Session: Aug 22-Dec 2023

Guided by: Submitted by:

Dr. P Hari Krishna 1. Bhumi Baldwa(2302565)

2. Manya Arora(2302553)

3. Kamakshi Barskar(2302527)

4. Lorita Muwel

5. Mahak Agrawal

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 Content

1. Objective Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging system

2. Introduction
3. Components Required with specification
4. Principle of working
5. Wireless EV charging benefits
6. Wireless EV charging limitations
7. Applications of EV charging
8. Conclusion and future directions

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 Objective of Electric Vehicle Charging System

Endeavors after successful completion of Electric Vehicle Charging System working model
are:

1. Build an electric vehicle charging station that connects electric vehicle (EV) to a
source of electricity to recharge electric vehicles.
2. Accumulation of simple, smart Wireless charging technology that changes the
concept of charging and parking in working model. When charging an EV there is no
need for a charging cable, with the vehicle charged just by parking at a predetermined
location.
3. Awareness to reduce the pollutant emissions caused by nonrenewable fossil fueled
vehicles and to provide the alternative to pricey fuel for transportation thereby,
shifting towards electrified mobility.
4. The basic principle of wireless charging of electric Vehicle is Faraday’s induction
law. The application of this law has been achieved with the help of working model.
Inductive charging technology uses electromagnetic induction to wirelessly transfer
energy between two coils, one in the charging station and the other in the device
being charged.

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 Introduction

Electric vehicles require fast, economical and reliable charging systems for efficient
performance. Wireless charging systems remove the hassle to plug in the device to be
charged when compared with the conventional wired charging systems. Moreover, wireless
charging is considered to be environment and user friendly . Wireless Power Transfer (WPT)
is a futuristic technology with the advantage of flexibility, convenience, safety, and the
capability of becoming fully automated. In WPT methods , inductive wireless charging has
high efficiency and easy maintenance. Inductive WPT (IWPT) system comprehended with
the electromagnetic wave. The working theory of IWPT system based on traditional
transformer operation. On the primary side, as per the Ampere's law, an Alternating Current
(AC) develops a magnetic field around the conductor (primary side coupler). The
developed time varying magnetic field is linked to the magnetic coupler in the secondary
side. The Linked field induces a voltage across secondary coil presents Faradays law. This
induced voltage converted to DC power signal by rectifier. This power can be used for
charging battery. Tuning of secondary coil frequency equal to operating frequency
enhance the efficiency of the system.

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 Components Required with specification

1. Aluminium Wire with copper coating –15 rounds – coil

2. Transistor 2222A
3. Resistance 1k ohm’
4. Blue wire, red wire
5. Battery cap
6. Switch (-ve)

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 Principle of Working

Wireless EV charging uses resonant electromagnetic induction to transmit electrical current, a

process that is also known as inductive charging. Wireless charging for EVs works the same
way, with a magnetic coil in the charger that sends current to a magnetic coil on the car’s
underside. When the two pads align, charging begins. The portable equipment can be placed near
a charging station or inductive pad without needing to be precisely aligned or make electrical
contact with a dock or plug.

The primary coil in the charger induces a current in the secondary coil in the device being
charged.
Inductive charging is named so because it transfers energy through inductive coupling. First,
alternating current passes through an induction coil in the charging station or pad. The moving
electric charge creates a magnetic field, which fluctuates in strength because the electric current's
amplitude is fluctuating. This changing magnetic field creates an alternating electric current in
the portable device's induction coil, which in turn passes through a rectifier to convert it to direct
current. Finally, the direct current charges a battery or provides operating power.

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 Wireless EV Charging Benefits

I. No Wires
By definition, the number one benefit of wireless EV charging is that there are no wires. EV
owners do not need to carry heavy charging cables or plug their cars in at every charging station,
alleviating range anxiety.

II. Lower Accident Risk

EV charging cables can become damaged over time, particularly in extreme heat and cold areas,
which can be hazardous to the vehicle and its owner. No wires mean less risk, and replacing
cables is expensive, too.

III. More Convenience

Wireless charging is simply more convenient, even when only available as static charging – and
imagine the convenience if and when dynamic charging becomes a reality.

IV. Save Time

Although wireless charging is no faster than regular EV charging, you save a little time by not
having to get out of the vehicle to plug in, etc. And again, once dynamic charging becomes a
reality, the amount of time saved on charging could be substantial.

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 Wireless EV charging Limitations

1) Short working distance

At present, wireless charging technology mostly charges the electronic equipment in the short
range distance of the magnetic field. Because the farther the radio energy transmission distance
is, the greater the power loss will be, the lower the energy transmission efficiency will be, and
the higher the energy consumption of the equipment will be.

(2) Low conversion efficiency and slow speed

Although wireless charging technology is simple and convenient, it suffers from slow charging
speeds and charging efficiency.

(3) High power consumption, more power consumption

With the increase of distance and power of wireless charging equipment, the loss of reactive
power will increase.

(4) High costs, high maintenance costs, and potential safety hazards if they do not meet the
standards.

(5) Incompatibility between charging stations and electric vehicles: drivers face different
charging network and connector standards. There is no single standard in the industry.

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 APPLICATION AND FUTURE INFLUENCE OF WIRELESS CHARGING
OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicle, approach revolutionizes the changes in electric vehicle
Industry.In the last few years, trends suggest a rise in interest among the common masses for
electric cars in comparison to electric two-wheelers and internal combustion engine vehicles or

petrol/diesel cars. At a fundamental level, electric cars comparatively offers a lower operating
cost compared to conventional internal combustion engines. On average, electric vehicles are 75-

80% cheaper from fuel and maintenance perspective, which is an important factor for many
consumers who have high usage. This reality holds true across factors because it’s materially
cheaper to charge a battery compared to refueling a conventional liquid fuel tank. With the
growing impact of fuel-driven vehicles on the environment, electric taxi fleets in congested
urban streets is critical in cutting transport emissions and cleaning up the air.

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 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

High-performance, safe, and cost-effective dynamic electric vehicle charging has the potential to
revolutionize road transportation. The main agenda of this project is detailed study the Inductive
charging and Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction and implement these concepts to make
working model of wireless charging of EV.

The future for wireless charging will include longer ranges between the device and charging
mechanism as well as a higher efficiency over a longer distance. At some point, it could be
possible to charge multiple devices efficiently and safely from another room of a building
solving the issue of battery life.

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