CHAPTER 5 VOLLEYBALL Volleyball is one of the most popular sports in the world. Objective of this game is to make the ballland in opponents court or to make the opponent team commit mistakes. Itis very easy and a relatively inexpensive game that can be played on very small levelled ground, Volleyball is a sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. HISTORY The game of volleyball, originally called mintonette was invented in 1895 by William G Morgan of USA. He designed the game to be a combination of basketball, baseball, tennis and handball. The first country outside the USA to adopt Volleyball was Canada in 1900. The United States Volleyball Association was formed in 1928. An Intemational Federation, the Federation Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB) was founded in 1947 and the First World Championship was held in 1949 for men and in 1952 for women. Players in a Volleyball Court 51 Practical Manual PHYSICAL EDUCATION Class 12thVolleyball was In 1964, a variation of this game, beach Volleyball, was played or the first time. Volleyt played for the first time in 1964 Olympics, held in Tone th an or i od tee ork In 1961, the Voleybal Federation of Inca (VF) was established! and Ser Ten, Te Senonal ited in several International Championshi Commonveath Games, Asian Games etc. In India, the first national championship was held at Chennai in 1952. MEASUREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONS (i) Playing court = A rectangle measuring 18 m x9 m. (ii) Free zone area = 3 m to 5 m on all sides of the playing court. (i) Width of boundary lines = 5 om (iv) Officials of match (FIVB) =2 referees, 1 scorer and 4 linemen. (¥) Weight of the ball = 260 to 280 gm. (vi) Circumference of the ball = 65 to 67 om. (vil) Dimensions of the net = 9.5 mx 1m (vill) Height of the net from ground = 2.43 m for men and 2.24 m for women. (ix) Number of players in each team = 6 (excluding extras) () Number of substitutes in each team =6 (xi) Number of Antennas = 2 (xii) Length of the Antenna = 1.4 Volleyball Court: Layout 52TERMINOLOGY Ace Antenna Approach Assist Attack Attack Error Attacker Block Boosting Dig Dink Double Hit Expulsion Hit Jump Serve Let Serve Libero Overhand Pass Penetration Rally Red Card Rotation Spike A serve that is not returned and results immediately in a point Tho vertical rods (while and red mounted near the edges of the net to indicate out-ol-bounds along the sideline * Fast stiide towards the net by a spikor before he jumps in the ai Passing the ball fo a teammate who attacks the ball for a shot/senash The olfensive action oF attempt of hitting the ball ‘An unsuccessful attack in which the ball lands out of bounds or the ball oes into the net. It directly results in a point for the opponent tear A player who attempts to hit a ball also called hitter or spiker ‘A detensive play by one or more players meant to detlect a spiked ball back to the hitter’s court Litting the ball up for the smasher to smash. The player who does this is called booster or setter. Passing a spiked ball or passing an attacked ball close to the floor legal soft push of the ball by the fingertips, around or over blockers ‘Successive hits or contacts by the same player. llegal) Aplayer or coach is expelled and not allowed to play further, ithe repeatedly performs misconduct. He is not even allowed to sit over team bench Warning = Verbal Penalty = Yellow card Expulsion - Red card Disqualification — Yellow and Red cards jointly To jump and strike the ball with an overhand, forceful shot A serve in which the server tosses the ball into the air, jumps-up and hits ball in its downward motion. Aserve that contacts the net. Ifthe ball dribbles over, its playable just ike any other ball ‘A defensive player positioned at the rear half and is not limited by the regular rules of rotation. ‘A pass executed with both hands open, controlled by the fingers and thumbs, played just above the forehead. The act of reaching across the opponent area by crossing centre line by foot or hands over the net. Itis the continuous exchange of hits between the teams. Team winning the rally gets the service. Asevere penalty in which an official displays a Red Card, The result of aRed Card may be a player is disqualified, the team loses the serve or the team loses a point. A Red Card may be given with or without a prior Yellow Card as a warning; i 1S up to the official's discretion. The clockwise movement of players around the court and through the serving position during the game, Ball contacted with force by a player on the offensive team. The particular player is tiled as Spiker for the team 53 Practical Manual PHYSICAL EDUCATION (-\& z S g $ 8 a 8 z S g = z Ss 3 2 5 2 § 3 £ a ‘A technical time-out of 60 seconds duration. It is taken when the leading team reaches the 8th and 16th points. {Aservo in which the balls given a slight underhand toss from about waist Underhand Serve height and then struck wilh the opposite closed fist in an ‘underhand Technical Time-out pitching’ motion. Yellow Card A warning from an official indicated by the display of a Yellow Card. Any player of coach who rocaives two Yollow Cards in a match is disqualified. A singlo Yollow Card doos not result in loss of point or servo, LATEST/GENERAL RULES 1. Volleyball is a sport played by two teams on a playing court divided by a net. The object of the game is to send the ball over the net in order to ground it on the opponent's court and to prevent the same effort by the opponent 2. Let service is allowed in volleyball 3, Use of coloured ball is also permitted in competitions, The ball is put in play with a service hit by the server over the net to the opponents. The rally 4 continues until, the ball is grounded on either of the playing courts, goes ‘out’ or vihen a team fails to return it properly. 5. The team winning a rally, scores point and the right to serve and its players rotate one position clockwise. Usually, 3 players are in the front row and 3 are in the back row. The front. row is sectioned off by a line 10 ft from the net, called the attack fine or the 10-foot line. During each possession of the ball, a team can only have three contacts with the ball known as a pass, a set and a hit, these are also called as bump, set and spike. 7. Positions are numbered from one to six, starting with the server in the back right comer and going in an anti-clockwise direction. After the server finishes, the other team gets the ball ‘and when you get the ball back, everyone just shifts one spot to the right. Rotation, ifnot fully understood, can be a very confusing part of the game. Teams score points whenever the other team cannot return the ball. Most matches are now played for winning three out of five games. The first four sets are of 25 points each and the fifth set is for 15 points. A team can make a maximum of 6 substitutions per set. The ball can touch any part of the body and it must be hit (not held or thrown) The player has 8 seconds to make service in a single attempt to get the ball over the net (it may touch net) 11. There is a special player called Libero in the team and there are separate set of rules for him (i) He is a player of backline, plays as a specialised defensive player and is not allowed to attack from the attacking area (i) He can not do service neither block the ball no smash it (i) A different coloured T-shirt (other than the players) should be worn by a libero. The word ‘libero’ must be printed on the backside of his T-shin. (iv) His position is fixed during the game and he does not take part in rotation. 10.Duties of Referee (0) He is responsible for fair play in the match. (ii) He is the final authority on the rules and regulations from the start to the end of the match. Referee performs toss before the start of the match, (iv) He has the final say on every decision of the match. Duties of Scorer (i) He take notes of all the proceedings of the match in a chronol logical order, alongwith Points gained, time and substitutions made. : oe (ii) He makes a record of all the fouls made by each player of each team (il) He records personal and technical fouls separately. (iv) He maintains a score sheet with all the details of each player. Duties of Linesmen () There are 4 to 6 linesmen in a match (il) They basically are responsible for assisting the referee in case of infringement of boundary line rules. (i) However, their assistance may be overruled by referee. FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES Note All the techniques mentioned are for right-handers. For left-handers, interchange ‘right’ for ‘left’ and vice versa, These may be divided into the following major categories 1. Serving Each point starts with a serve. The server steps behind the line at the back of the court, called the end line and has freedom to serve from wherever he pleases as long as the foot does not touch or cross the line. There are many techniques of serving, The underhand serving is done by beginners. Another technique is overhead serve where the ball is tossed in the air about 2 feet above the head. Topspin and jump serve are other overhead techniques. The techniques of service are as follows (i) The server should stand in the service area with the body facing towards the net. ii) While holding the ball in the left hand and one foot ahead of the other, ball should be tossed above the head and the body bents backward. (ii) With open palm and elbow slightly bent, the right arm should be swung back with such a skill and timing that as the ball comes down, it should be struck with a forward swing of the arm. 2. Passing This is the first part in a three part sequence. The players need to pass the ball to the setters. The passers use their fingers to pass the ball with both hands using forearms, 3. Setting Setting is the second contact of the ball In ‘set’, the player uses the finger pads to launch the ball high in the air toward the hitters. The fingers should be in a diamond shape to start and they should finish outward. It is also termed as tip or lift 55 & z 2 E 5 8 2 g _ Z 5 2 g z = =z 3 a 5 2 8 : 8 &Practical Manual PHYSICAL EDUCATION i Hitting/Spike ‘Attacking the ballis all about timing and precision. The ‘goal’ ofthe third hitor ‘spike’, is to make the ball dificult for the opposing team to return. Payers spiking should have excellent judgement to perceive the direction of the ball and balance the body to lit twhile hitting the ball forcefully. The aim is to land the ball on the floor of the opponent's team. Blocking This is a defensive technique where the players block the offensive shots and try ito shot them back to the opponent. The blocking can be done by one, two or three players according to the standard of match. For one man blocking, the player stands close to the net, face towards it. The player should try tointerrupt the ball by teking a jump and raising his hands above the net, Lifts Tip oF Lift Its a rally technique used during the match. The tip is a transitory move between reception and attack. It is made with an upward movement of the arms and legs. Contact with the ball is with the fingertips without touching palm. A player specialized in lifting is known as Booster or Setter. Tip or Lift Bump or Underarm-Lift Bump is a defensive skill keeping the ball from falling; receiving serve and offensive skill as it provides good chance to tip the ball for the spiker. Bump is the first contact of the ball (service reception). The bump provides the transition between defence and attack, Bump or Underarm-Lift 56One Hand Litt This is this a player has to Then, the extends SS = Dive Lift In this, the players dive to it th oF sideward, Thus, player dives for it ST. PAUL" i) One Hand Lite \; International + World Cup + FIVB World Cup + ttaian Open National an advane; 8S chance to mi fone arm to tit ‘OURNAMEN + Olympics ec technique to tit th 1ove fo the place wher the bal. Thus, ball car + Super Challenge Cup + All India Volleyball Tournament + Shivani Gold Cup + National Games “IMPORTANT PERSONALITIES Indians Arjuna Award Winners : anism 1 fore bament Sh Sago! (B04) + 1974 SS Rao + 1976 Jimmy George +1978 Kully Krishnan 57 + 1962 + 1973 + 1975 + 1977 + 1979 1 far away falling ball toward © balis fling towards side of payers be raised up for utter play 5 Side. In 'e fast coming balla there is less time to move forward ing the ball with undemhand, + Canada Open + New Zealand Open 52 « ‘National Voleyball Championship both Men and Women) + Federation Cup (India) + Asian Volleyball Championship Cup for Men Nipjt Singh Bod GM Reddy R Singh, K.C. Elamma A Ramana Rao SK. Masha | PHYSICAL EDUCATION © Practical Ma* 1982 GE Sridharan + 1003 NK Purohit + 1984 Salvy Josoph + 1906 Cyril C Valloor + 1989 Abdul Bashi + 1990 Dalol Singh +1991 K Uday Kumar + 1999 Sukhpal Singh + 2000 PY Ramana + 2001 Amir Singh + 2002 Ravi Kan! Reddy + 2010 Kd Kapil Dov + 2011 Sanjay Kumar + 2014 Tom Josoph Ohyan Chand Award Winners + 2003 Om Prakash + 2015 TPP Nair Dronacharya Award Winners + 1990 A Ramana Rao * 1995 M Shyam Sunder Rao + 2007 GE Sridharan _» IMPORTANT VENUES 1. Polideportivo Gustavo Torito Rodriguez, Mendoza (Argontina) 2. Gregory Gymnasium, Austin, Texas (USA) 3. Indira Gandhi indoor Stadium, New Delhi (India) 4. YSR Indoor Stadium, Yanam, Puducherry (India) 5. Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Chennal (India) 6. Stee Kanleerava Indoor Stadium, Bengaluru (India) 7. KVB Reddy Indoor Stadium, Hyderabad (India) Q1 What is the length and width of a volleyball court? A. The length of @ volleyball court is 18 m and its width i 9 m. Q2_ What is the length and width of the volleyball net? A. The length of a volleyball net is 9.5 m ancl its width is 1m. 3° What is the standard height of top of the net for men’s and women's volleyball? A. The standard height of top of the net for men's volleyball is 2.43 m and for women's volleyball (224m Q4 When and where the game of volleyball originate? A. The game of volleyball originated inthe year 1895 inthe USA Q5_ When can a technical time-out be taken in a volleyball match? A. A technical time-out of 60 seconds duration can be taken in a volleyball match when the leading team reaches the 8th and Y6th points, 58 . g 5 g 3 8 a § g = z g 3 5 = 3 3 ie E