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 [Download] UPSC
Mains General Studies
Paper-3 (2013-2023)
Topicwise papers:
Economy, Agriculture,
Environment, Disaster
management, science
technology and internal
security since new
syllabus
Home »
[Download] UPSC Mains General Studies Paper-3 (2013-2023) Topicwise papers: Economy,
Agriculture, Environment, Disaster management, science technology and internal security
since new syllabus
:
 Jaison on
[Essay Tip [Download] UPSC Mains General Studies Paper-3
for
Newcomers]
(2013-2023) Topicwise papers: Economy,
What to Agriculture, Environment, Disaster management,
write & What
science technology and internal security since
not to write
in Mains IAS new syllabus
exam?
03/04/2023 1. Prologue
Great
tips,
2. [Block #1] Economy, Investment,
still Infrastructure
relevant
in the 1. Growth and Resource
modren
mobilization
era of
UPSC 2. Economy: Budget
Preparation!
Thanks
3. Economy: Investment and
Sirji! Infrastructure, PPP
:
 Jaison on 4. Economy: Liberalization
[AnswerKey]
3. [Block#2] Agriculture
UPSC
Prelims-
1. Food: Cropping-irrigation
2020: 2. Food: Tech. in aid of farmers
Economy
3. Food: Food processing industry
with
Explanation: 4. Food: Land reforms
Medium
5. Food: MSP and PDS
difficulty but
Multi-
4. [Block #3] Disasters, Environment,
statement Science Tech
MCQ का
1. Disaster Management
आतंक, yet not
too much 2. Environment and Pollution
deviation
Control
than to last
year 3. Science-Tech: Awareness
22/03/2023 4. Science-Tech: Indians
Very
5. [Block#4] Security
eloborative
and 1. Security: Terrorism, Extremists
Answer
solutions,
(LWE, NE)
I 2. Security: Cross border
appreciate
all your 3. Security: org. crime & money
efforts
laundering
to help
UPSC 4. Security: Cyber security and
aspirants.
Thanks
social media
5. Security- Security forces
Abhishek
Kumar SIngh 6. Appendix: Linear Paper GSM3-2023
on [Sci-Tech] 7. Appendix: Model Answer pe Free
rMQR Code
:
 (Rectangular
Lecture & Powerpoint
Micro QR
Code): new
8. Appendix: Syllabus of UPSC Mains-
invention by GSM3 General Studies Paper3
the Japanese
29/01/2023

1.
Question
Prologue
should
have
been In 2013, UPSC changed the syllabus-pattern of
"incorrect"
. Then Mains examination and the number of general
answer
studies (GS) papers were increased from two to
is d - all
2 -A 3 - four. Out of them, GS Paper-3 deals with Economy,
B, D 4
-…
Agriculture, Environment, Disaster management,
science technology and internal security. Here are
Mehul on
Weekly the topicwise sorted questions since the pattern
Current:
change:
Agnipath,
Kapilavastu
Relics,
Category GSM3 2013 2014 2015 2016
Interstate
Economy Growth 10 25 37.5 25
Council, BMS
System,
Budget 30 0 12.5 12.5
UNSC 1267
Committee,
Liberlization 20 25 0 12.5
I2U2
diplomacy,
Infra, Invest 10 37.5 12.5 25
Critical IT
Infra and Food Land Reform 10 0 0 12.5
more Jun
Week2-2022 Cropping 0 0 0 37.5
19/07/2022
:
 thank
MSP-PDS 20 12.5 0 0
you !

vaibhav E-Tech in aid 0 0 12.5 0

tripathi on 2
Dozen Food 10 12.5 37.5 0
Mismatches Processing
in Prelim
Answerkey-
Coaching
Science Sci.Tech 40 12.5 25 0
Classes vs
UPSC
Sci.Tech 0 25 12.5 25
Official &
Devilal MCQ (Indian)
got cancelled
07/06/2022 Environment 35 25 25 25
waiting
for Disaster 10 12.5 12.5 25
your
analysis Develop vs 10 0 12.5 12.5
sir. Crime
Exterm.

Border 10 62.5 25 25

Cyber 25 0 25 12.5
Security

Money 10 0 0 0
Laundering
Organized
Crime

Total 250 250 250 250

:
 [Block #1] Economy,
Investment,
Infrastructure

This block contains topics related to economy,

infrastructure, investment

Growth and Resource

mobilization

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Indian Economy (issues re:

planning, mobilisation of resources, growth,
development, employment); Inclusive growth and
issues therein

1. Faster economic growth requires 2023

increased share of the manufacturing
sector in GDP, particularly of MSMEs.
Comment on the present policies of the
:
 Government in this regard. (जी० डी० पी० में
िविनमार्ण क्षेत्र िवशेषकर एम० एस० एम० ई० की बढ़ी
हुई िहस्सदारी तज आिथर् क संवृिद्ध के िलए आवश्यक
है। इस संबंध में सरकार की वतर्मान नीितयों पर िटप्पणी
कीिजए।) (150 words/10m)

11. Most of the unemployment in India is 2023

structural in nature. Examine the
methodology adopted to compute
unemployment in the country and suggest
improvements. (भारत में सबसे ज्यादा बेरोजगारी
प्रकृित में संरचनात्मक है। भारत में बेरोजगारी की गणना
के िलए अपनाई गई पद्धित का परीक्षण कीिजए और
सुधार के सुझाव दीिजए) (250 words/15m)

12. Distinguish between ‘care economy’ 2023

and ‘monetized economy’. How can care
economy be brought into monetized
economy through women empowerment?
(देखभाल अथर्व्यवस्था’ और ‘मुद्रीकृत अथर्व्यवस्था के
बीच अंतर कीिजए मिहला सशिक्तकरण के द्वारा
देखभाल अथर्व्यवस्था को मुद्रीकृत अथर्व्यवस्था में कैसे
लाया जा सकता है?) (250 words/15m)

Is inclusive growth possible under market 2022

economy? State the significance of
:
 financial inclusion in achieving economic
growth in India. (Q2. क्या बाज़ार अथर्व्यवस्था के
अन्तगर्त समावेशी िवकास संभव है? भारत में आिथर् क
िवकास की प्रािप्त के िलए िवत्तीय समावेश के महत्व का
उल्लेख कीिजए।)

Economic growth in the recent past has 2022

been led by increase in labour productivity.
Explain this statement. Suggest the growth
pattern that will lead to creation of more
jobs without compromising labour
productivity. (Q11. “हाल के िदनों का आिथर् क
िवकास श्रम उत्पादकता में वृिद्ध के कारण संभव हुआ
है।” इस कथन को समझाइए । ऐसे संवृिद्ध प्रितरूप को
प्रस्तािवत कीिजए जो श्रम उत्पादकता से समझौता िकए
िबना अिधक रोजगार उत्पित्त में सहायक हो)

Explain the difference between computing 2021

methodology of India’s gross domestic
product (GDP) before the year 2015 and
after the year 2015. (Answer in 150
words) भारत की सकल घरेलू उत्पाद (जी. डी. पी.) के
वषर् 2015 के पूवर् तथा वषर् 2015 के पश्चात पिरकलन
िविध में अंतर की व्याख्या कीिजए।

Do you agree that the Indian economy has 2021

:
 recently experienced a V-shaped
recovery? Give reasons in support of your
answer. (Answer in 250 words) क्या आप
सहमत हैं की भारतीय अथर्व्यवस्था ने हाल ही में V-
आकार के पुनरुत्थान का अनुभव िकया है? कारण
सिहत अपने उत्तर की पुिष्ट कीिजए ।

What are the salient features of the 2021

National Food Security Act, 2013? How
has the Food Security Bill helped in
eliminating hunger and malnutrition in
India? (Answer in 250 words) राष्ट्रीय खाद्य
सुरक्षा अिधिनयम, 2013 की मुख्य िवशेषताएँ क्या हैं ?
खाद्य सुरक्षा िवधेयक ने भारत में भूख तथा कुपोषण को
दू र करने में िकस प्रकार सहायता की है?

Explain intra-generational and inter- 2020

generational issues of equity from the
perspective of inclusive growth and
sustainable development. (समावेशी संवृिद्ध एवं
संपोषणीय िवकास के पिरप्रेक्ष्य में, आं तपीढ़ी एवं
अंतपीढ़ी साम्या के िवषयों की व्याख्या कीिजए l )

Define potential GDP and explain its 2020

determinants. What are the factors that
have been inhibiting India from realizing
:
 its potential GDP? (संभाव्य स.घ.उ.(जी.डी.पी.)
को पिरभािषत कीिजए तथा उसके िनधार्रकों की
व्याख्या कीिजए l वे कौन-से करक हैं, जो भारत को
अपने संभाव्य स.घ.उ.(जी.डी.पी.) को साकार करने से
रोकते रहे हैं?)

Do you agree with the view that steady 2019

GDP growth and low inflation have left the
Indian economy in good shape? Give
reasons in support of your arguments. (क्या
आप इस मत से सहमत हैं की सकल घरेलू उत्पाद (जी.
डी. पी) की स्थायी संवृिद्ध तथा िनम्न मुद्रास्फीित के
कारण भारतीय अथर्व्यवस्था अच्छी िस्थित में है ? अपने
तकोर्ं के समथर्न में कारण दीिजए |)

It is argued that the strategy of inclusive 2019

growth is intended to meet the objectives
of inclusiveness and sustainability
together. Comment on this statement. (यह
तकर् िदया जाता है की समावेशी संवृिद्ध की रणनीित का
आशय एकसाथ समावेिशता और धारणीयता के उदेश्यों
को प्राप्त िकया जाना है | इस कथन पर िटपण्णी
कीिजए |)

How are the principles followed by the 2018

NITI Aayog different from those followed
:
 by the erstwhile Planning Commission in
India?

Among several factors for India’s potential 2017

growth, savings rate is the most effective
one. Do you agree? What are the other
factors available for growth potential?

Account for the failure of manufacturing 2017

sector in achieving the goal of labour-
intensive exports rather than capital-
intensive exports. Suggest measures for
more labour-intensive rather than capital-
intensive exports.

What are the salient features of ‘inclusive 2017

growth’? Has India been experiencing such
a growth process? Analyze and suggest
measures for inclusive growth.

Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) 2016

is necessary for bringing unbanked to the
institutional finance fold. Do you agree
with this for financial inclusion of the
poorer section of the Indian society? Give
arguments to justify your opinion.
:
 Comment on the challenges for inclusive 2016
growth which include careless and useless
manpower in the Indian context. Suggest
measures to be taken for facing these
challenges.

The nature of economic growth in India in 2015

described as jobless growth. Do you agree
with this view? Give arguments in favour
of your answer.

Craze for gold in Indians have led to a 2015

surge in import of gold in recent years and
put pressure on balance of payments and
external value of rupee. In view of this,
examine the merits of Gold Monetization
Scheme.

Capitalism has guided the world economy 2014

to unprecedented prosperity. However, it
often encourages shortsightedness and
contributes to wide disparities between
the rich and the poor. In this light, would it
be correct to believe and adopt capitalism
driving inclusive growth in India? Discuss.

With a consideration towards the strategy 2013

:
 of inclusive growth, the new companies
bill, 2013 has indirectly made CSR a
mandatory obligation. Discuss the
challenges expected in its implementation
in right earnest. Also discuss other
provisions in the bill and their implications.

“Success of ‘Make in India’ programme 2015

depends on the success of ‘Skill India’
programme and radical labour reforms.”
Discuss with logical arguments.

While we found India’s demographic 2014

dividend, we ignore the dropping rates of
employability. What are we missing while
doing so? Where will the jobs that India
desperately needs come from? Explain.

Economy: Budget

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Government Budgeting

Distinguish between capital budget and 2021

revenue budget. Explain the components
of both these Budgets. (Answer in 150
:
 words) पूँजी बजट तथा राजस्व बजट के मध्य अन्तर
स्पष्ट कीिजए। इन दोनों बजटों के संघटकों को
समझाइए।

Explain the rationale behind the Goods 2020

and Services Tax (Compensation to States)
Act of 2017. How has COVID-19 impacted
the GST compensation fund and created
new federal tensions? (वास्तु एवं सेवा कर (राज्यों
को क्षितपूितर् ) अिधिनयम, 2017 के तकार्धार की
व्याख्या कीिजए l कोिवद-19 ने कैसे वास्तु ◌ाववम
सेवा कर क्षितपूितर् िनिध (जी.एस.टी.कॉम्पेन्सेशन फन्ड)
को प्रभािवत और नये संघीय तनावों को उत्पन्न िकया
है?)

Enumerate the indirect taxes which have 2019

been subsumed in the Goods and Services
Tax (GST) in India. Also, comment on the
revenue implications of the GST
introduced in India since July 2017. (उन
अप्रत्यक्ष करों को िगनाइए जो भारत में वस्तु एवं सेवा
कर में सिम्मिलत िकये गए हैं | भारत में जुलाई २०१७ से
िक्रयािन्वत (जी. एस. टी) के राजस्व िनिहताथोर्ं पर भी
िटपण्णी कीिजए |)

The public expenditure management is a 2019

:
 challenge to the government of India in the
context of budget-making during the post-
liberalization period. Clarify it. (उत्तर-
उदारीकरण अविध के दौरान, बजट िनमार्ण के संदभर् में,
लोक व्यय प्रबंधन भारत सरकार के समक्ष एक चुनौती है
| इसको स्पष्ट कीिजए |)

Comment on the important changes 2018

introduced in respect of the Long-term
Capital Gains Tax (LCGT) and Dividend
Distribution Tax (DDT) in the Union
Budget for 2018-2019.

One of the intended objectives of Union 2017

Budget 2017-18 is to ‘transform, energize
and clean India’. Analyse the measures
proposed in the Budget 2017-18 to
achieve the objective.

Women empowerment in India needs 2016

gender budgeting. What are the
requirements and status of gender
budgeting in the Indian context?

In what way could replacement of price 2015

subsidy with Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT)
change the scenario of subsidies in India?
:
 Discuss.

What are the reasons for introduction of 2013

Fiscal responsibility and Budget
Management (FRBM) act, 2003? Discuss
critically its salient features and their
effectiveness.

What is meaning of the term tax- 2013

expenditure? Taking housing sector as an
example, discuss how it influences
budgetary policies of the government.

Discussion the rationale for introducing 2013

Good and services tax in India. Bring out
critically the reasons for delay in roll out
for its regime.

Economy: Investment and

Infrastructure, PPP

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Infrastructure (energy, ports,

roads, airports, railways); Investment models

Why is Public Private Partnership (PPP) 2022

required in infrastructural projects?
:
 Examine the role of PPP model in the
redevelopment of Railway Stations in
India. (Q1. बुिनयादी ढांचागत पिरयोजनाओं में
सावर्जिनक िनजी साझेदारी (पी.पी.पी.) की
आवश्यकता क्यों है? भारत में रेलवे स्टेशनों के
पुनिवर् कास में पी.पी.पी. मॉडल की भूिमका का परीक्षण
कीिजए)

Investment in infrastructure is essential 2021

for a more rapid and inclusive economic
growth. Discuss in the light of India’s
experience. (250 words) “तीव्रतर एवं समावेशी
आिथर् क संवृिद्ध के िलए आधािरक-अवसंरचना में िनवेश
आवश्यक है।” भारतीय अनुभव की पिरप्रेक्ष्य में िववेचना
कीिजए।

Explain the meaning of investment in an 2020

economy in terms of capital formation.
Discuss the factors to be considered while
designing a concession agreement
between a public entity and a private
entity. (एक अथर्व्यवस्था में पूँजी िनमार्ण के रूप में
िविनयोग के अथर् की व्याख्या कीिजए l उन कारकों की
िववेचना कीिजए, िजन पर एक सावर्जिनक एवं एक
िनजी िनकाय के मध्य िरआयत (कॉनसेशन एग्रीमेन्ट)
:
 तैयार करते समय िवचार िकया जाना चािहए l)

With growing energy needs should India 2018

keep on expanding its nuclear energy
programme? Discuss the facts and fears
associated with nuclear energy.

Access to affordable, reliable, sustainable 2018

and modern energy is the sine qua non to
achieve Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs). Comment on the progress made in
India in this regard.

Examine the developments of Airports in 2017

India through Joint Ventures under Public-
Private Partnership(PPP) model. What are
the challenges faced by the authorities in
this regard.

What are ‘Smart Cities? Examine their 2016

relevance for urban development in India.
Will it increase rural-urban differences?
Give arguments for Smart Villages’ in the
light of PURA and RURBAN Mission.

Justify the need for FDI for the 2016

development of the Indian economy. Why
:
 there is gap between MOUs signed and
actual FDIs? Suggest remedial steps to be
taken for increasing actual FDIs in India.

There is a clear acknowledgement that 2015

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are a tool
of industrial development, manufacturing
and exports. Recognizing this potential,
the whole instrumentality of SEZs requires
augmentation. Discuss the issues plaguing
the success of SEZs with respect to
taxation, governing laws and
administration.

The right to fair compensation and 2014

transparency land acquisition,
rehabilitation and resettlement act, 2013
has come into effect from 1 January 2014.
What implication would it have on
industrialisation and agriculture in India?

National urban transport policy 2014

emphasizes on moving people instead of
moving vehicles. Discuss critically the
success of various strategies of the
government in this regard.
:
 Explain how private public partnership 2014
agreements, in longer gestation
infrastructure projects, can transfer
unsuitable liabilities to the future. What
arrangements need to be put in place to
ensure that successive generations’
capacities are not compromised?

Adaptation of PPP model for 2013

infrastructure development of the country
has not been free from criticism. Critically
discuss the pros and cons of the model.

Economy: Liberalization

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Effects of Liberalisation on

the economy; Changes in Industrial policy & their
effects on industrial growth

2. What is the status of digitalization in the 2023

Indian economy? Examine the problems
faced in this regard and suggest
improvements (भारतीय अथर्व्यवस्था में
िडिजिटकरण की िस्थित क्या है? इस संबंध में आने
:
 वाली समस्याओं का परीक्षण कीिजए और सुधार के
िलए सुझाव दीिजए।) (150 words/10m)

How would the recent phenomena of 2018

protectionism and currency manipulations
in world trade affect macroeconomic
stability of India?

“Industrial growth rate has lagged behind 2017

in the overall growth of Gross-Domestic-
Product(GDP) in the post-reform period”
Give reasons. How far the recent changes
in Industrial Policy are capable of
increasing the industrial growth rate?

How globalization has led to the reduction 2016

of employment in the formal sector of the
Indian economy? Is increased
informalization detrimental to the
development of the country?

Normally countries shift from agriculture 2014

to industry and then later to services, but
India shifted directly from agriculture to
services. What are the reasons for the
huge growth of services vis-a-vis industry
:
 in the country? Can India become a
developed country without a strong
industrial base?

Foreign direct investment in the defence 2014

sector is now said to be liberalised. What
influence this is expected to have on Indian
defence and economy in the short and long
run?

Examine the impact of liberalization on 2013

companies owned by Indian. Are the
competing with the MNCs satisfactorily?

Discuss the impact of FDI entry into multi- 2013

trade retail sector on supply chain
management in commodity trade pattern
of the economy.

Though India allowed foreign direct 2013

investment (FDI) in what is called multi
brand retail through joint venture route in
September 2012, the FDI even after a year,
has not picket up. Discuss the reasons.

[Block#2] Agriculture
:
 This block contains Topics related to farming, food
processing and food security

Food: Cropping-irrigation

13. Explain the changes in cropping 2023

pattern in India in the context of changes
in consumption pattern and marketing
conditions. (खपत पैटनर् एवं िवपणन दशाओं में
पिरवतर्न के संदभर् में, भारत में फसल प्रारूप (क्रॉिपं ग
पैटनर्) में हुए पिरवतर्नों की व्याख्या कीिजए।) (250
words/15m)

What is Integrated Farming System? How 2022

is it helpful to small and marginal farmers
in India? 15 (Q14. समेिकत कृिष प्रणाली क्या है?
भारत में छोटे और सीमांत िकसानों के िलए यह कैसे
लाभदायक हो सकती है? ( 250 शब्दों में उत्तर दीिजए))

How and to what extent would micro- 2021

irrigation help in solving India’s water
:
 crisis? (150 words) भारत के जल संकट के
समाधान में, सूक्ष्म-िसं चाई कैसे और िकस सीमा तक
सहायक होगी?

What is the present challenges before crop 2021

diversification? How do emerging
technologies provide an opportunity for
crop diversification? (250 words) फ़सल
िविवधता है के समक्ष मौजूदा चुनौितयाँ क्या हैं? उभरती
प्रौद्योिगकीयाँ फ़सल िविवधता के िलए िकस प्रकार
अवसर प्रदान करती है ?

What are the major factors responsible for 2020

making rice-wheat system a success? In
spite of this success how has this system
become bane in India? (धान-गेहूं प्रणाली को
सफल बनाने के िलए कौन-से प्रमुख कारक उत्तरदायी
हैं? इस सफलता के बावजूद यह प्रणाली भारत में
अिभशाप कैसे बन गई है?)

Suggest measures to improve water 2020

storage and irrigation system to make its
judicious use under depleting scenario.
(िरक्तीकरण पिरदृश्य में िववेकी जल उपयोग के िलए
जल भंडाराण और िसं चाई प्रणाली में सुधार के उपायों
को सुजाइए l)
:
 How can biotechnology improve the living 2019
standards of farmers? (िकसानों के जीवन मानकों
को उन्नत करने के िलए जैव प्रौद्योिगकी िकस प्रकार
सहायता कर सकती है?)

How far is the Integrated Farming System 2019

(IFS) helpful in sustaining agricultural
production? (एकीकृत कृिष प्रणाली (आइ. एफ.
एस) िकस सीमा तक कृिष उत्पादन को संधािरत करने में
सहायक है ?)

Elaborate on the impact of the National 2019

Watershed Project in increasing
agricultural production from water-
stressed areas. (जल-प्रितबिलत क्षेत्रों से कृिष
उत्पादन में वृिद्ध करने में जल-िवभाजक पिरयोजना के
प्रभाव को सिवस्तार स्पष्ट कीिजए |)

How was India benefited from the 2019

contributions of Sir M.Visvesvaraya and
Dr. M. S. Swaminathan in the fields of
water engineering and agricultural science
respectively?(जल इं जीिनयरी और कृिष-िवज्ञान के
क्षेत्रों में क्रमश: सर एम. िवश्वेश्वरैया और डॉ. एम. एस.
स्वामीनाथन के योगदानों से भारत को िकस प्रकार लाभ
पहुंचा था ?)
:
 Sikkim is the first ‘Organic State’ in India. 2018
What are the ecological and economical
benefits of Organic State?

Assess the role of National Horticulture 2018

Mission (NHM) in boosting the production,
productivity and income of horticulture
farms. How far has it succeeded in
increasing the income of farmers?

How has the emphasis on certain crops 2018

brought about changes in cropping
patterns in recent past? Elaborate the
emphasis on millets production and
consumption.

What are the major reasons for declining 2017

rice and wheat yield in the cropping
system? How crop diversification is helpful
to stabilize the yield of the crop in the
system?

What is water-use efficiency? Describe the 2016

role of micro-irrigation in increasing the
water-use efficiency.

What is allelopathy? Discuss its role in 2016

:
 major cropping systems of irrigated
agriculture.

Given the vulnerability of Indian 2016

agriculture to vagaries of nature, discuss
the need for crop insurance and bring out
the salient features of the Pradhan Mantri
Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)

Food: Tech. in aid of farmers

GS3 Syllabus Topic: e-technology to aid farmers,

Technology missions;

3. How does e-Technology help farmers in 2023

production and marketing of agricultural
produce? Explain it. (कृिष उत्पादों के उत्पादन एवं
िवपणन में ई तकनीक िकसानों की िकस प्रकार मदद
करती है? इसे समझाइए) (150 words/10m)

Explain various types of revolutions, took 2017

place in Agriculture after Independence in
India. How these revolutions have helped
in poverty alleviation and food security in
India?
:
 How can the ‘Digital India’ programme 2015
help farmers to improve farm productivity
and income? What steps has the
Government taken in this regards?

Food: Food processing

industry

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Food processing and related

industries in India (scope & significance, location,
upstream-downstream requirements, supply
chain management); storage, transport &
marketing of agro-produce and related issues &
constraints; Economics of animal-rearing

Elaborate the scope and significance of the 2022

food processing industry in India. (Q4. भारत
में खाद्य प्रसंस्करण उद्योग के कायर्क्षेत्र और महत्व का
सिवस्तार वणर्न कीिजए)

What are the main bottlenecks in 2022

upstream and downstream process of
marketing of agricultural products in
India? (Q13′ भारत में कृिष उत्पादों के िवपणन की
ऊध्वर्मुखी और अधोमुखी प्रिक्रया में मुख्य बाधाएँ क्या
:
 हैं?)

What are the main constraints in transport 2020

and marketing of agricultural produce in
India? (भारत में कृिष उत्पादों के पिरवहन एवं िवपणन
में मुख्या बाधाएँ क्या हैं?)

What are the challenges and opportunities 2020

of food processing sector in the country?
How can income of the farmers be
substantially increased by encouraging
food processing? (देश में खाद्य प्रसंस्करण क्षेत्र की
चुनौितयां एवं अवसर क्या है? खाद्य प्रसंस्करण को
प्रोत्सािहत कर कृषकों की आय में पयार्प्त वृिद्ध कैसे की
जा सकती है?)

Elaborate on the policy taken by the 2019

government of India to meet the
challenges of the food processing sector.
(खाद्य प्रसंस्करण क्षेत्रक की चुनौितयों के समाधान हेतु
भारत सरकार द्वारा अपनाई गई नीित को सिवस्तार
स्पष्ट कीिजए |)

Examine the role of supermarkets in 2018

supply chain management of fruits,
vegetables and food items. How do they
eliminate number of intermediaries?
:
 What are the reasons for poor acceptance 2017
of cost effective small processing unit?
How the food processing unit will be
helpful to uplift the socio-economic status
of poor farmers?

Livestock rearing has a big potential for 2015

providing non-farm employment and
income in rural areas. Discuss suggesting
suitable measures to promote this sectors
in India

In view of the declining average size of 2015

land holdings in India which has made
agriculture non-viable for a majority of
farmers, should contract farming and land
leasing be promoted in agriculture?
Critically evaluate the pros and cons.

What are the impediments in marketing 2015

and supply chain management in industry
in India? Can e-commerce help in
overcoming these bottlenecks?

There is also a point of view that 2014

agriculture produce market committees
(APMCs) set up under the state acts have
:
 not only impeded the development of
agriculture but also have been the cause of
food inflation in India. Critically examine.

India needs to strengthen measures to 2013

promote the pink revolution in food
industry for better nutrition and health.
Critically elucidate the statement.

Food: Land reforms

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Land Reforms in India

4. State the objectives and measures of 2023

land reforms in India. Discuss how land
ceiling policy on landholding can be
considered as an effective reform under
economic criteria. (भारत में भूिम सुधार के उद्देश्यों
एवं उपायों को बताइए । आिथर् क मापदंडों के अंतगर्त,
भूिम जोत पर भूिम सीमा नीित को कैसे एक प्रभावी
सुधार माना जा सकता है, िववेचना कीिजए।) (150
words/10m)

How did land reforms in some parts of the 2021

country help to improve the socio-
:
 economic conditions of marginal and small
farmers? (150 words) देश के कुछ भागों में भूिम
सुधारों ने सीमांत और लघु िकसानों की सामािजक-
आिथर् क िस्थित िक सुधारने के िलए िकस प्रकार
सहायता की है?

Discuss the role of land reforms in 2016

agricultural development. Identify the
factors that were responsible for the
success of land reforms in India.

Establish the relationship between land 2013

reform, agriculture productivity and
elimination of poverty in Indian Economy.
Discussion the difficulty in designing and
implementation of the agriculture friendly
land reforms in India.

Food: MSP and PDS

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Farm subsidies and MSP and

issues therein (direct and indirect); PDS
(objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping,
issues of buffer stocks & food security)
:
 14. What are the direct and indirect 2023
subsidies provided to farm sector in India?
Discuss the issues raised by the World
Trade Organization (WTO) in relation to
agricultural subsidies. (भारत में कृिष क्षेत्र को
प्रदान की जाने वाली प्रत्यक्ष एवं अप्रत्यक्ष सिब्सडी क्या
है? िवश्व व्यापार संगठन (डब्ल्यू० टी० ओ०) द्वारा उठाए
गए कृिष सिब्सडी संबंिधत मुद्दों की िववेचना कीिजए।)
(250 words/15m)

What are the major challenges of Public 2022

Distribution System (PDS) in India? How
can it be made effective and transparent?
(Q3. भारत में सावर्जिनक िवतरण प्रणाली (पी.डी.एस.)
की प्रमुख चुनौितयाँ क्या है? इसे िकस प्रकार प्रभावी
तथा पारदशीर् बनाया जा सकता है?)

What are the reformative steps taken by 2019

the government to make food grain
distribution system more effective? (अनाज
िवतरण प्रणाली को अिधक प्रभावी बनाने हेतु सरकार
द्वारा कौन-कौन से सुधारात्मक कदम उठाए गए हैं ?)

What do you mean by Minimum Support 2018

Price (MSP)? How will MSP rescue the
farmers from the low income trap?
:
 How do subsidies affect the cropping 2017
pattern, crop diversity and economy of
farmers? What is the significance of crop
insurance, minimum support price and
food processing for small and marginal
farmers?

“In the villages itself no form of credit 2014

organisation will be suitable except the
cooperative society.” – All Indian rural
credit survey. Discuss this statement in the
background of agriculture finance in India.
What constrain and challenges do financial
institutions supplying agricultural
finances? How can technology be used to
better reach and serve rural clients?

Food security bill is expected to eliminate 2013

hunger and malnutrition in India. Critically
discuss various apprehensions in its
effective implementation along with the
concerns it has generated in WTO

What are the different types of agriculture 2013

subsidies given to farmers at the national
and state levels? Critically analyze the
:
 agriculture subsidy regime with the
reference to the distortions created by it.

[Block #3] Disasters,

Environment, Science
Tech

This block contains topics related to environment,

science-tech and disaster management

Figure 1: This graph shows trend of block3 and

block4

Disaster Management

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Disasters & Disaster

Management

7. Dam failures are always catastrophic, 2023

especially on the downstream side,
:
 resulting in a colossal loss of life and
property. Analyze the various causes of
dam failures. Give two examples of large
dam failures. (बाँधों की िवफलता हमेशा प्रलयकारी
होती हैं, िवशेष रूप से नीचे की ओर, िजसके
पिरणामस्वरूप जीवन और संपित्त का भारी नुकसान
होता है। बाँधों की िवफलता के िविभन्न कारणों का
िवश्लेषण कीिजए। बड़े बाँधों की िवफलताओं के दो
उदाहरण दीिजए।) (150 words/10m)

Explain the mechanism and occurrence of 2022

cloudburst in the context of the Indian
subcontinent. Discuss two recent
examples. (Q8. भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप के संदभर् में
बादल फटने की िक्रयािविध और घटना को समझाइए ।
हाल के दो उदाहरणों की चचार् कीिजए।)

Explain the causes and effects of coastal 2022

erosion in India What are the available
coastal management techniques for
combating the hazard? (Q18. भारत में तटीय
अपरदन के कारणों एवं प्रभावों को समझाइए । ख़तरे
का मुकाबला करने के िलए उपलब्ध तटीय प्रबंधन
तकनीकें क्या है?)

Discuss about the vulnerability of India to 2021

:
 earthquake related hazards. Give
examples including the salient features of
major disasters caused by earthquakes in
different parts of India during the last
three decades. (150 words) भूकम्प संबंिधत
संकटों के िलए भारत की भेध्यता की िववेचना कीिजए।
िपछले तीन दशकों में, भारत के िबिभन्न भागों में भूकम्प
द्वारा उत्पन्न बड़ी आपदाओं के उदाहरण प्रमुख
िवशेषताओं के साथ दीिजए।

Discuss the recent measures initiated in 2020

disaster management by the Government
of India departing from the earlier reactive
approach. (आपदा प्रबन्धन में पूवर्वतीर् प्रितिक्रयात्मक
उपागम से हटते हुए भारत सरकार द्वारा आरम्भ िकए गए
अिभनूतन उपायों की िववेचना कीिजए l)

Disaster preparedness is the first step in 2019

any disaster management process. Explain
how hazard zonation mapping will help in
disaster mitigation in the case of
landslides. (िकसी भी आपदा प्रबंधन प्रक्रम में आपदा
तैयारी पहला कदम होता है | भुस्खलनों के मामले में,
स्पष्ट कीिजए की संकट अनुक्षेत्र मानिचत्रण िकस प्रकार
आपदा अल्पीकरण में मदद करेगा |)
:
 Vulnerability is an essential element for 2019
defining disaster impacts and its threat to
people. How and in what ways can
vulnerability to disasters be
characterized? Discuss different types of
vulnerability with reference to disasters.
(आपदा प्रभावों और लोगों के िलए उसके खतरे को
पिरभािषत करने के भेद्यता एक अत्यावश्यक तत्त्व है |
आपदाओं के प्रित भेद्यता का िकस प्रकार और िकन-
िकन तरीकों के साथ चिरत्र-िचत्रण िकया जा सकता है ?
आपदाओं के संदभर् में भेद्यता के िविभन्न प्रकारों पर चचार्
कीिजए |)

Describe various measures taken in India 2018

for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) before
and after signing ‘Sendai Framework for
DRR (2015-2030)’. How is this framework
different from ‘Hyogo Framework for
Action, 2005?

On December 2004, tsumani brought 2017

havoc on 14 countries including India.
Discuss the factors responsible for
occurrence of Tsunami and its effects on
life and economy. In the light of guidelines
:
 of NDMA (2010) describe the mechanisms
for preparedness to reduce the risk during
such events.

The frequency of urban floods due to high 2016

intensity rainfall is increasing over the
years. Discussing the reasons for urban
floods. highlight the mechanisms for
preparedness to reduce the risk during
such events.

With reference to National Disaster 2016

Management Authority (NDMA)
guidelines, discuss the measures to be
adopted to mitigate the impact of the
recent incidents of cloudbursts in many
places of Uttarakhand.

The frequency of earthquakes appears to 2015

have increased in the Indian subcontinent.
However, India’s preparedness for
mitigating their impact has significant
gaps. Discuss various aspects.

Drought has been recognised as a disaster 2014

in view of its party expense, temporal
duration, slow onset and lasting effect on
:
 various vulnerable sections. With a focus
on the September 2010 guidelines from
the National disaster management
authority, discuss the mechanism for
preparedness to deal with the El Nino and
La Nina fallouts in India.

How important are vulnerability and risk 2013

assessment for pre-disaster management.
As an administrator ,what are key areas
that you would focus in a disaster
management

Environment and Pollution

Control

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Environmental conservation;

Environmental pollution and degradation;
Environmental Impact Assessment

Energy 6. Discuss several ways in which 2023

microorganisms can help in
meeting the current fuel
shortage. (उन िविभन्न तरीकों पर चचार्
कीिजए िजनसे सूक्ष्मजीवी इस समय हो
:
 रही ईंधन की कमी से पार पाने में मदद
कर सकते हैं।) (150 words/10m)

Pollution 18. The Intergovernmental 2023

Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC) has predicted a global
sea level rise of about one
metre by AD 2100. What would
be its impact in India and the
other countries in the Indian
Ocean region? (जलवायु पिरवतर्न पर
अंतर-सरकारी पैनल (आइ० पी० सी०
सी०) ने वैिश्वक समुद्र स्तर में 2100
ईस्वी तक लगभग एक मीटर की वृिद्ध का
पूवार्नुमान लगाया है। िहन्द महासागर क्षेत्र
में भारत और दू सरे देशों में इसका क्या
प्रभाव होगा?) (250 words/15m)

Energy 15. The adoption of electric 2023

vehicles is rapidly growing
worldwide. How do electric
vehicles contribute to reducing
carbon emissions and what are
the key benefits they offer
compared to traditional
combustion engine vehicles?
:
 (इलेिक्ट्रक वाहनों को अपनाना दुिनया भर
में तेजी से बढ़ रहा है। काबर्न उत्सजर्न को
कम करने में इलेिक्ट्रक वाहन कैसे
योगदान करते हैं और पारंपिरक दहन
इं जन वाहनों की तुलना में वे क्या प्रमुख
लाभ प्रदान करते हैं?) (250
words/15m)

EIA 17. Comment on the National 2023

Wetland Conservation
Programme initiated by the
Government of India and name
a few India’s wetlands of
international importance
included in the Ramsar Sites.
(भारत सरकार द्वारा शुरू िकए गए राष्ट्रीय
आद्रर्भूिम संरक्षण कायर्क्रम पर िटप्पणी
कीिजए और रामसर स्थलों में शािमल
अंतरार्ष्ट्रीय महत्त्व की भारत की कुछ
आद्रर्भूिमयों के नाम िलिखए।) (250
words/15m)

Pollution What is oil pollution? What are 2023

its impacts on the marine
ecosystem? In what way is oil
:
 pollution particularly harmful
for a country like India? (तेल
प्रदू षण क्या है? समुद्री पािरिस्थितकी तंत्र
पर इसके प्रभाव क्या हैं? भारत जैसे देश
के िलए िकस तरह से तेल प्रदू षण िवशेष
रूप से हािनकारक है?) (150
words/10m)

Pollution Discuss in detail the 2022

photochemical amog
emphasizing its formation,
effects and mitigation. Explain
the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol.
(Q7. इसके िनमार्ण, प्रभाव और शमन को
महत्व देते हुए फोटोकेिमकल स्मॉग की
िवस्तारपूवर्क चचार् कीिजए । 1999 के
गोथेनवगर् प्रोटोकॉल को समझाइए |)

Pollution Do you think India will meet 50 2022

percent of its energy needs
from renewable energy by
2030 ? Justify your answer.
How will the shift of subsidies
from fossil fuels to renewables
help achieve the above
objective? Explain. (Q12. क्या
:
 आपके िवचार में भारत अपनी ऊजार्
आवश्यकता का 50 प्रितशत भाग, वषर्
2030 तक नवीकरणीय ऊजार् से प्राप्त
कर लेगा ? अपने उत्तर के औिचत्य को
िसद्ध कीिजए। जीवाश्म ईंधनों से
सिब्सडी हटाकर उसे नवीकरणीय ऊजार्
स्रोतों में लगाना उपयुर्क्त उद्देश्य पूितर् में
िकस प्रकार सहायक होगा? समझाइए ।)

Pollution Discuss global warming and 2022

mention its effects on the
global climate. Explain the
control measures to bring down
the level of greenhouse gases
which cause global warming, in
the light of the Kyoto Protocol,
1997. (Q17. ग्लोबल वािमर्ं ग (वैिश्वक
तापन) की चचार् कीिजए और वैिश्वक
जलवायु पर इसके प्रभावों का उल्लेख
कीिजए । क्योटो प्रोटोकॉल, 1997 के
आलोक में ग्लोबल वािमर्ं ग का कारण
बनने वाली ग्रीनहाउस गैसों के स्तर को
कम करने के िलए िनयंत्रण उपायों को
समझाइए ।)
:
 Energy Explain the purpose of the 2021
Green Grid Initiative launched
at world leaders Summit of the
COP 26 UN Climate Change
Conference in Glassgow in
November, 2021. When was
this idea first floated in the
International Solar Alliance
(ISA)? (150 words) नवम्बर,2021 में
ग्लासगो में िवश्व के नेताओं के िशखर
सम्मेलन में सी. ओ. पी. 26 संयुक्त राष्ट्र
जलवायु पिरवतर्न सम्मेलन में, आरम्भ की
गई हिरत िग्रड पहल का प्रयोजन स्पष्ट
कीिजए। अंतरार्ष्ट्रीय सौर गठबंधन (आई
एस ए) में यह िवचार पहली बार कब िदया
गया था?

Pollution Describe the key points of the 2021

revised Global Air-Quality
Guidelines (AQGs) recently
released by the World Health
Organisation (WHO). How are
these different from its last
update in 2005? What changes
in India’s National Clean Air
:
 Programme are required to
achieve these revised
standards? (150 words) िवश्व
स्वास्थ्य संगठन (डब्ल्यू एच ओ) द्वारा हाल
ही में जारी िकए गए संशोिधत वैिश्वक
वायु गुणवत्ता िदशािनदेर्शों (ए. क्यू. जी.)
के मुख्य िबं दुओ ं का वणर्न कीिजए।
िवगत 2005 के अध्यतन से, ये िकस
प्रकार िभन्न हैं? इन संशोिधत मानकों को
प्राप्त करने की िलए, भारत के राष्ट्रीय
स्वच्छ वायु कायर्क्रम में िकन पिरवतर्नों
की आवश्यकता है?

Pollution Describe the major outcomes of 2021

the 26th session of the
Conference of the Parties
(COP) to the United Nations
Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC).
What are the commitments
made by India in this
conference? (250 words) संयुक्त
राष्ट्र जलवायु पिरवतर्न फ़्रेमवकर् सम्मेलन
(यू. एन. एफ. सी. सी. सी.) के सी. ओ. पी.
के 26 वें सत्र के प्रमुख पिरणामों का
:
 वणर्न कीिजए । इस सम्मेलन में भारत
द्वारा दी गई वचनबद्धताएँ क्या हैं ?

EIA How does the draft 2020

Environment Impact
Assessment (EIA) Notification,
2020 differ from the existing
EIA Notification, 2006? (पयार्वरण
प्रभाव आकलन (ई.आइ.ए.) अिधसूचना,
2020 प्रारूप मौजूदा
ई.आइ.ए.अिधसूचना, 2006 से कैसे
िभन्न हैं?)

Water What are the salient features of 2020

the Jal Shakti Abhiyan launches
by the Government of India for
water conservation and water
security? (जल संरक्षण एवं जल सुरक्षा
हेतु भारत सकार्र द्वारा प्रवितर् त जल शिक्त
अिभयान की प्रमुख िवशेषताएँ क्या हैं?)

Energy Describe the benefits of 2020

deriving electric energy from
sunlight in contrast to the
conventional energy
generation. What are the
initiatives offered by our
:
 Government for this purpose?
(पारम्पिरक ऊजार् उत्पादन के िवपरीत सूयर्
के प्रकाश से िवद्युत ऊजार् प्राप्त करने के
लाभों का वणर्न कीिजए l इस प्रयोजनाथर्
हमारी सरकार द्वारा प्रस्तुत पहल क्या हैं?)

Pollution- What are the key features of 2020

Air the National Clean Air
Programme (NCAP) initiated by
the Government of India? (भारत
सरकार द्वारा आरम्भ िकए गए राष्ट्रीय
स्वच्छ वायु कायर्क्रम (एन.सी.ए.पी.) की
प्रमुख िवशेषताएँ क्या हैं?)

EIA Define the concept of carrying 2019

capacity of an ecosystem as
relevant to an environment.
Explain how understanding this
concept is vital while planning
for sustainable development of
a region. (पयार्वरण से सम्बंिधत
पािरिस्थितक तंत्र की वहां क्षमता की
संकल्पना की पिरभाषा दीिजए | स्पष्ट
कीिजए की िकसी प्रदेश के दीघोर्पयोगी
िवकास (सस्टेनेबल डेवलपमेंट) की
योजना बनाते समय इस संकल्पना को
:
 समझना िकस प्रकार महत्वपूणर् है |)

EIA What are the impediments in 2018

disposing the huge quantities of
discarded solid wastes which
are continuously being
generated? How do we remove
safely the toxic wastes that
have been accumulating in our
habitable environment?

EIA What is wetland? Explain the 2018

Ramsar concept of ‘wise use’ in
the context of wetland
conservation. Cite two
examples of Ramsar sites from
India.

EIA How does biodiversity vary in 2018

India? How is the Biological
Diversity Act, 2002 helpful in
conservation of flora and
fauna?

EIA ‘Climate Change’ is a global 2017

problem. How India will be
affected by climate change?
:
 How Himalayan and coastal
states of India will be affected
by climate change?

EIA Rehabilitation of human 2016

settlements is one of the
important environmental
impacts which always attracts
controversy while planning
major projects. Discuss the
measures suggested for
mitigation of this impact while
proposing major developmental
projects.

Energy- What are the consequences of 2013

Thermal illegal mining? Discuss the
ministry of environment and
forests’ concept of “GO AND
NO GO” zones for coal mining.

Energy- Give an account of the current 2016

RNW status and the targets to be
achieved pertaining to
renewable energy sources in
the country. Discuss in brief the
importance of National
:
 Programme on Light Emitting
Diodes (LEDs).

Energy- To what factors can the recent 2015

RNW dramatic fall in equipment costs
and tariff of solar energy be
attributed? What implications
does the trend have for the
thermal power producers and
the related industry?

Energy- Should the pursuit of carbon 2014

RNW credit and clean development
mechanism set up under
UNFCCC be maintained even
through there has been a
massive slide in the value of
carbon credit? Discuss with
respect to India’s energy needs
for economic growth.

Thermal Environmental impact 2014

energy assessment studies are
increasingly undertaken before
project is cleared by the
government. Discuss the
:
 environmental impacts of coal-
fired thermal plants located at
Pitheads.

Thermal Write a note on India’s green 2013

energy energy corridor to alleviate the
problems of conventional
energy.

Water Coastal sand mining, whether 2019

legal or illegal, poses one of the
biggest threats to our
environment. Analyse the
impact of sand mining along the
Indian coasts, citing specific
examples. (तटीय बालू खनन, चाहे वह
वैध हो या अवैध हो, हमारे पयार्वरण के
सामने सबसे बड़े खतरों में से एक है |
भारतीय तटों पर हो रहे बालू खनन के
प्रभाव का, िविशष्ट उदाहरणों का हवाला
देते हुए, िवश्लेषण कीिजए |)

Water Not many years ago, river 2017

linking was a concept but it is
becoming reality in the country.
Discuss the advantages of river
linking and its possible impact
:
 on the environment.

Water What do you understand by run 2013

of the river hydroelectricity
project? How is it different
from any other hydroelectricity
project?

Water The Namami Gange and 2015

National mission for clean
Ganga (NMCG) programmes
and causes of mixed results
from the previous schemes.
What quantum leaps can help
preserve the river Ganga better
than incremental inputs?

Water Enumerate the National Water 2013

Policy of India. Taking river
Ganges as an example, discuss
the strategies which may be
adopted for river water
pollution control and
management. What are the
legal provisions for
management and handling of
:
 hazardous wastes in India?

Science-Tech: Awareness

GS3 Syllabus Topic: S&T developments and

everyday applications & effects; Awareness in
fields of IT, Space, Computers, Robotics,
Nanotech, Biotech, IPR issues

5. Introduce the concept of Artificial 2023

Intelligence (AI). How does AI help clinical
diagnosis? Do you perceive any threat to
privacy of the individual in the use of Al in
healthcare? (कृित्रम बुिद्ध (ए० आइ० ) की
अवधारणा का पिरचय दीिजए। ए० आइ० िक्लिनकल
िनदान में कैसे मदद करता है? क्या आप स्वास्थ्य सेवा में
ए० आइ० के उपयोग में व्यिक्त की िनजता को कोई
खतरा महसूस करते हैं?) (150 words/10m)

Each year a large amount of plant material, 2022

cellulose, is deposited on the surface of
Planet Earth. What are the natural
processes this cellulose undergoes before
yielding carbon dioxide, water and other
end products? (Q6. पृथ्वी की सतह पर प्रित वषर्
:
 बड़ी मात्रा में वनस्पित पदाथर्, सेलुलोस, जमा हो जाता है
। यह सेलुलोस िकन प्राकृितक प्रिक्रयाओं से गुजरता है
िजससे िक वह काबर्न डाइऑक्साइड, जल तथा अन्य
अंत्य उत्पादों में पिरवितर् त हो जाता है?)

Launched on 25th December, 2021, James 2022

Webb Space Telescope has been much in
the news since then. What are its unique
features which make it superior to its
predecessor Space Telescopes? What are
the key goals of this mission? What
potential benefits does it hold for the
human race? (Q15. 25 िदसम्बर, 2021 को छोड़ा
गया जेम्स वेब अंतिरक्ष टेलीस्कोप तभी से समाचारों में
बना हुआ है। |उसमें ऐसी कौन-कौन सी अनन्य
िवशेषताएँ हैं जो उसे इससे पहले के अंतिरक्ष टेलीस्कोपों
से श्रेष्ठ बनाती हैं? इस िमशन के मुख्य ध्येय क्या हैं?
मानव जाित के िलए इसके क्या संभािवत लाभ हो सकते
हैं? ( 250 शब्दों में उत्तर दीिजए))

What are the research in developmental 2021

achievements in applied biotechnology?
How will these achievements help to uplift
the poor sections of the society? (250
words) अनुप्रयुक्त जैव-प्रौद्योिगकी में शोध और
िवकास संबन्धी उपलिब्धयाँ क्या है ? ये उपलिब्धयाँ
:
 समाज के िनधर्न वगोर्ं के उत्थान में िकस प्रकार सहायक
होंगी ?

The Nobel Prize in Physics of 2014 was 2021

jointly awarded to a Akasaki, Amano and
Nakamura for the invention of Blue LEDs
in1990s. How has this invention impacted
the everyday life of human beings? (250
words) वषर् 2014 में भौितक िवज्ञान में नोबेल
पुरस्कार संयुक्त रूप से आकसाकी, अमानो तथा
नाकामुरा को 1990 के दशक में नीली एल. ई. डी. के
आिवष्कार के िलए प्रदान िकया गया था। इस
आिवष्कार ने मानव-जाित के दैनंिदन जीवन को िकस
प्रकार प्रभािवत िकया है ?

What do you understand by 2020

nanotechnology and how is it helping in
health sector? (नैनोटेक्नोलाजी से आप क्या
समझते हैं और यह स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्र में कैसे मद्दद कर रहा
है?)

How is science interwoven deeply with our 2020

lives? What are the striking changes in
agriculture triggered off by the science-
based technologies? (िवज्ञान हमारे जीवन में
गहराई तक कैसे गुथा हुआ है? िवज्ञान-आधािरत
प्रौद्योिगिकयों द्वारा कृिष में उत्पन्न हुए महत्वपूणर्
:
 पिरवतर्न क्या हैं?)

COVID-19 pandemic has caused 2020

unprecedented devastation worldwide.
However, technological advancements are
being availed readily to win over the crisis.
Give an account of how technology was
sought to aid management to the
pandemic. (कोिवड-19 महामारी ने िवश्वभर में
अभूतपूवर् तबाही उत्पन्न की है l तथािप, इस संकट पर
िवजय पाने के िलए प्रौद्योिगकीय प्रगित का लाभ स्वेच्छा
से िलया जा रहा है l इस महामारी के प्रबन्धन के
सहायताथर् प्रौद्योिगकी की खोज कैसे की गई, उसका
एक िववरण दीिजए l)

Why is there so much activity in the field 2018

of biotechnology in our country? How has
this activity benefitted the field of
biopharma?

Stem cell therapy is gaining popularity in 2017

India to treat a wide variety of medical
conditions including Leukaemia,
Thalassemia, damaged cornea and several
burns. Describe briefly what stem cell
therapy is and what advantages it has over
:
 other treatments?

India’s Traditional Knowledge Digital 2015

Library (TKDL) which has a database
containing formatted information on more
than 2 million medicinal formulations is
proving a powerful weapon in the
country’s fight against erroneous patents.
Discuss the pros and cons making this
database publicly available under open-
source licensing

What are the areas of prohibitive labour 2015

that can be sustainably managed by
robots? Discuss the initiatives that can
propel research in premier research
institutes for substantive and gainful
innovation.

In a globalised world, intellectual property 2014

rights assume significance and are a source
of litigation. Broadly distinguish between
the terms – copyrights, patents and trade
secrets.

What do you understand by Umpire 2013

decision review in cricket? Discuss its
:
 various components. Explain how silicon
tape on the edge of a bat may fool the
system?

What is an FRP composite material? How 2013

are they manufactured? Discuss their
applications in aviation and automobile
industry

Bring out the circumstances in 2005 which 2013

forced amendment to section 3(d) in the
India n Patent Law, 1970. Discuss how it
has been utilized by Supreme court in its
judgment rejecting Novartis patent
application for “Glivec”. Discuss briefly the
pros and cons of the decision.

How does the 3D printing technology 2013

work? List out the advantages and
disadvantages of the technology.

What do you understand by fixed dose 2013

drug combinations (FDCs)? Discuss their
merits and demerits.

Science-Tech: Indians
:
 GS3 Syllabus Topic: Achievements of Indians in
S&T; Indigenisation of technology & development
of new technology

16. What is the main task of India’s third 2023

moon mission which could not be achieved
in its earlier mission? List the countries
that have achieved this task. Introduce the
subsystems in the spacecraft launched and
explain the role of the Virtual Launch
Control Centre’ at the Vikram Sarabhai
Space Centre which contributed to the
successful launch from Sriharikota. (भारत के
तीसरे चंद्रमा िमशन का मुख्य कायर् क्या है िजसे इसके
पहल के िमशन में हािसल नहीं िकया जा सका? िजन
देशों ने इस कायर् को हािसल कर िलया है उनकी सूची
दीिजए। प्रक्षेिपत अंतिरक्ष-यान की उपप्रणािलयों को
प्रस्तुत कीिजए और िवक्रम साराभाई अंतिरक्ष केन्द्र के
‘आभासी प्रक्षेपण िनयंत्रण केन्द्र’ की उस भूिमका का
वणर्न कीिजए िजसने श्रीहिरकोटा से सफल प्रक्षेपण में
योगदान िदया है।) (250 words/15m)

The increase in life expectancy in the 2022

country has led to newer health challenges
in the community. What are those
:
 challenges and what steps need to be
taken to meet them? (Q5. देश में आयु संभािवता
में आई वृिद्ध से समाज में नई स्वास्थ्य चुनौितयाँ खड़ी हो
गई हैं। यह नई चुनौितयाँ कौन-कौन सी हैं और उनके
समाधान हेतु क्या-क्या कदम उठाए जाने आवश्यक हैं?)

What is the basic(principle behind vaccine 2022

development ? How do vaccines work?
What approaches were adopted by the
Indian vaccine manufacturers to produce
COVID-19 vaccines? (Q16. वैक्सीन िवकास का
आधारभूत िसद्धांत क्या है? वैक्सीन कैसे कायर् करते हैं?
कोिवड-19 टीकों के िनमार्ण हेतु भारतीय वैक्सीन
िनमार्ताओं ने क्या-क्या पद्धितयाँ अपनाई हैं?)

What is India’s plan to have its own space 2019

station and how will it benefit our space
programme? (भारत की अपना स्वयं का अंितिरक्ष
केंद्र प्राप्त करने की योजना है और हमारे अंितिरक्ष
कायर्क्रम को यह िकस प्रकार लाभ पहुंचाएगी ?)

How is the government of India protecting 2019

traditional knowledge of medicine from
patenting by pharmaceutical companies?
(भैषिजक कंपिनयों के द्वारा आयुिवज्ञार्न के पारंपिरक
ज्ञान को पेटेंट कराने से भारत सरकार िकस प्रकार रक्षा
कर रही है ?)
:
 Discuss the work of ‘Bose-Einstein 2018
Statistics’ done by Prof. Satyendra Nath
Bose and show how it revolutionized the
field of Physics.

India has achieved remarkable successes 2017

in unmanned space missions including the
Chandrayaan and Mars Orbitter Mission,
but has not ventured into manned space
mission, both in terms of technology and
logistics? Explain critically.

Give an account of the growth and 2017

development of nuclear science and
technology in India. What is the advantage
of fast breeder reactor programme in
India?

Discuss India’s achievements in the field of 2016

Space Science and Technology. How the
application of this technology has helped
India in its socio-economic development?

Why is nanotechnology one of the key 2016

technologies of the 21st century? Describe
the salient features of Indian
:
 Government’s Mission on Nanoscience
and Technology and the scope of its
application in the development process of
the country.

What do you understand by ‘Standard 2015

Positioning Systems’ and ‘Protection
Positioning Systems’ in the GPS era?
Discuss the advantages India perceives
from its ambitious IRNSS programme
employing just seven satellites.

Scientific research in Indian universities is 2014

declining, because a career in science is
not as attractive as our business
operations, engineering or administration,
and the universities are becoming
consumer oriented. Critically comment.

Can overuse and the availability of 2014

antibiotics without doctor’s prescription,
the contributors to the emergence of drug-
resistant diseases in India? What are the
available mechanisms for monitoring and
control? Critically discuss the various
issues involved.
:
 [Block#4] Security

This block contains topics related to security,

crime, extremism

Security: Terrorism,
Extremists (LWE, NE)

GS3 Syllabus Topic:

1. Linkages between Development & spread of

Extremism;
2. Linkages of Organized crime and Terrorism

Naxalism is a social, economic and 2022

developmental issue manifesting as a
violent internal security threat. In this
context, discuss the emerging issues and
suggest a multilayered strategy to tackle
the menace of Naxalism. (Q20. नक्सलवाद
:
 एक सामािजक, आिथर् क और िवकासात्मक मुद्दा है जो
एक िहं सक आन्तिरक सुरक्षा ख़तरे के में रूप प्रकट होता
है । इस संदभर् में उभरते हुए मुद्दों की चचार् कीिजए और
नक्सलवाद के ख़तरे से िनपटने की बहुस्तरीय रणनीित
का सुझाव दीिजए।)

Analyse the multidimensional challenges 2021

posed by external state and non-state
actors, to the internal security of India.
Also discuss measures required to take to
be taken to combat the threats. (250
words) भारत की आं तिरक सुरक्षा के िलए बाह्य राज्यों
और ग़ैर-राज्य कारकों द्वारा प्रस्तुत बहुआयामी
चुनौितयों का िवश्लेषण कीिजए । इन संकटों का
मुक़ाबला करने के िलए आवश्यक उपायों की भी चचार्
कीिजए।

Analyse the complexity and intensity of 2021

terrorism, its causes, linkages and
obnoxious nexus. Also suggest measures
required to be taken to eradicate the
menace of terrorism. (250 words) आतंकवाद
की जिटलता और तीव्रता, इसके कारणों, संबंधों तथा
अिप्रय गठजोड़ का िवश्लेषण कीिजए । आतंकवाद के
ख़तरे के अन्मूलन के िलए उठाए जाने वाले उपायों का भी
सूजाव दीिजए ।
:
 What are the sound determinants of left- 2020
wing extremism in Eastern part of India?
What strategy should Government of
India, civil administration and security
forces adopt to counter the threat in the
affected areas? (भारत के पूवीर् भाग में वामपंथी
उग्रवाद के िनधार्रक क्या हैं? प्रभािवत क्षेत्रों में खतरों के
प्रितकाराथर् भारत सरकार, नागिरक प्रशासन एवं सुरक्षा
बलों को िकस सामिरकी को अपनाना चािहए?)

The banning of ‘Jamaat-e – islaami’ in 2019

Jammu and Kashmir brought into focus
the role of over-ground workers (OGWs)
in assisting terrorist organizations.
Examine the role played by OGWs in
assisting terrorist organizations in
insurgency affected areas. Discuss
measures to neutralize the influence of
OGWs. (जम्मू और कश्मीर में ‘जमात-ए-इस्लामी’ पर
पाबंदी लगाने से आतंकवादी संगठनों को सहायता
पहुंचाने में भूिम-उपिर कायर्कतार्ओ ं (ओ. जी. डबल्यू) की
भूिमका ध्यान का केंद्र बन गई है | उपप्लव (बगावत)
प्रभािवत क्षेत्रों में आतंकवादी संगठनो को सहायता
पहुंचाने में भूिम-उपिर कायर्कतार्ओ ं द्वारा िनभाई जा रही
भूिमका का पिरक्षण कीिजए | भूिम-उपिर कायर्कतार्ओ ं
:
 के प्रभाव को िनष्प्रभािवत करने के उपायों की चचार्
कीिजए |)

The Indian government has recently 2019

strengthened the anti-terrorism laws by
amending the unlawful activities
(Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967 and the
NIA Act. Analyze the changes in the
context of prevailing security environment
while discussing the scope and reasons for
opposing the UAPA by human rights
organizations. (भारत सरकार ने हाल ही में
िविधिवरुद्ध िक्रयाकलाप (िनवारण) अिधिनयम (यू. ए.
पी. ए), 1967 और एन. आइ. ए. अिधिनयम के संशोधन
के द्वारा आतंकवाद-रोधी कानूनों को मजबूत कर िदया है
| मानविधकार संगठनों द्वारा िक्रयाकलाप (िनवारण)
अिधिनयम का िवरोध करने के िवस्तार और कारणों पर
चचार् करते समय वतर्मान सुरक्षा पिरवेश के संदभर् में,
पिरवतर्नों का िवश्लेषण कीिजए |)

Left Wing Extremism (LWE) is showing a 2018

downward trend, but still affects many
parts of the country. Briefly explain the
Government of India’s approach to
counter the challenges posed by LWE.
:
 Mob violence is emerging as a serious law 2017
and order problem in India. By giving
suitable examples, analyze the causes and
consequences of such violence.

The scourge of terrorism is a grave 2017

challenge to national security. What
solutions do you suggest to curb this
growing menace? What are the major
sources of terrorist funding?

The north-eastern region of India has been 2017

infested with insurgency for a very long
time. Analyze the major reasons for the
survival of armed insurgency in this region.

“Terrorism is emerging as a competitive 2016

industry over the last few decades.”
Analyse the above statement.

The persisting drives of the government 2015

for development of large industries in
backward areas have resulted in isolating
the tribal population and the farmers who
face multiple displacements with
Malkangiri and Naxalbari foci, discuss the
corrective strategies needed to win the
:
 left wing extremism (LWE) doctrine
affected citizens back into the mainstream
of social and economic growth.

Religious indoctrination via digital media 2015

has resulted in Indian youth joining the
ISIS. What is ISIS and its mission? How can
ISIS be dangerous for the internal security
of our country?

Article 244 of Indian Constitution relates 2013

to Administration of Scheduled areas and
tribal areas. Analyze the impact of non-
implementation of the provisions of fifth
schedule on the growth of Left Wing
Extremism.

Security: Cross border

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Border Areas (security

challenges and management thereof); Security
forces & agencies (mandate); Role of External
State & Non-State actors in creating internal
security challenges
:
 9. Winning of ‘Hearts and Minds’ in 2023
terrorism-affected areas is an essential
step in restoring the trust of the
population. Discuss the measures adopted
by the Government in this respect as part
of the conflict resolution in Jammu and
Kashmir. (आतंकवाद-प्रभािवत क्षेत्रों में जनसमुदाय
का िवश्वास बहाल करने में ‘िदल और िदमाग’ जीतना
एक आवश्यक कदम है। इस संबंध में जम्मू और कश्मीर
में संघषर् समाधान के भाग के रूप में सरकार द्वारा
अपनाए गए उपायों पर चचार् कीिजए।) (150
words/10m)

10. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles 2023

(UAVs) by our adversaries across the
borders to ferry arms/ammunitions, drugs,
etc., is a serious threat to the internal
security. Comment on the measures being
taken to tackle this threat. (सीमा पार से शत्रुओ ं
द्वारा हिथयार/गोला-बारूद, ड्रग्स आिद मानवरिहत
हवाई वाहनों (यू० ए० वी०) की मदद से पहुंचाया जाना
हमारी सुरक्षा के िलए गंभीर खतरा है। इस खतरे से
िनपटने के िलए िकए जा रहे उपायों पर िटप्पणी
कीिजए।) (150 words/10m)

What are the maritime security challenges 2022

:
 in India? Discuss the organisational,
technical and procedural initiatives taken
to improve the maritime security. (Q10.
भारत में समुद्री सुरक्षा चुनौितयाँ क्या हैं? समुद्री सुरक्षा में
सुधार के िलए की गई संगठनात्मक, तकनीकी और
प्रिक्रयात्मक पहलों की िववेचना कीिजए।)

How is S-400 air defence system 2021

technically superior to any other system
presently available in the world? (150
words) S-400 हवाई रक्षा प्रणाली, िवश्व में इस
समय उपलब्ध अन्य िकसी प्रणाली की तुलना में िकस
प्रकार से तकनीकी रूप से श्रेष्ट है?

For effective border area management, 2020

discuss the steps required to be taken to
deny local support to militants and also
suggest ways to manage favourable
perception among locals. (प्रभावी सीमावतीं क्षेत्र
प्रबन्धन हेतु िहं सावािदयों को स्थानीय समथर्न से वंिचत
करने के आवश्यक उपायों की िववेचना कीिजए और
स्थानीय लोगों में अनुकूल धरना प्रबंधन के तरीके भी
सुजाइए l)

Analyze internal security threats and 2020

transborder crimes along Myanmar,
:
 Bangladesh and Pakistan borders including
Line of Control (LoC). Also discuss the role
played by various security forces in this
regard. (आन्तिरक सुरक्षा ख़तरों तथा िनयन्त्रण रेखा
सिहत म्यांमार, बांग्लादेश और पािकस्तान सीमाओं पर
िसमा-पार अपराधों का िवश्लेषण कीिजए l िविभन्न
सुरक्षा बलों द्वारा इस सन्दभर् में िनभाई गई भूिमका की
िववेचना भी कीिजए l)

Cross-border movement of insurgents is 2019

only one of the several security challenges
facing the policing of the border in North-
East India. Examine the various challenges
currently emanating across the India-
Myanmar border. Also, discuss the steps to
counter the challenges. (उत्तर-पूवीर् भारत में
उपप्लिवयों की सीमा के आरपार आवाजाही, सीमा की
पुिलिसं ग के सामने अनेक सुरक्षा चुनौितयों में से केवल
एक है | भारत-म्यांमार सीमा के आरपार वतर्मान में
आरंभ होने वाली िविभन्न चुनौितयों का पिरक्षण कीिजए
| साथ ही चुनौितयों को प्रितरोध करने के कदमों पर
चचार् कीिजए |)

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor 2018

(CPEC) is viewed as a cardinal subset of
China’s larger ‘One Belt One Road’
:
 initiative. Give a brief description of CPEC
and enumerate the reasons why India has
distanced itself from the same.

The terms ‘Hot Pursuit’ and ‘Surgical 2016

Strikes’ are often used in connection with
armed action against terrorist attacks.
Discuss the strategic impact of such
actions.

Border management is a complex task due 2016

to difficult terrain and hostile relations
with some countries. Elucidate the
challenges and strategies for effective
border management.

International civil aviation laws provide all 2014

countries complete and exclusive
sovereignty over the airspace above the
territory. What do you understand by
airspace? What are the implications of
these laws on the space above this
airspace? Discuss the challenges which
this poses and suggests ways to contain
the threat.

The diverse nature of India as a 2014

:
 multireligious and multi-ethnic society is
not immune to the impact of radicalism
which has been in her neighbourhood.
Discuss along with the strategies to be
adopted to counter this environment.

How illegal transborder migration does 2014

pose a threat to India’s security? Discuss
the strategies to curb this, bring out the
factors which give impetus to such
migration.

In 2012, the longitudinal marking of the 2014

high-risk areas for piracy was moved from
65° East to 78° east in the Arabian Sea by
International Maritime organisation. What
impact does this have on India’s maritime
security concerns?

China and Pakistan have entered into an 2014

agreement for development of an
economic corridor. What thread does it
dispose for India’s security? Critically
examine.

How far are India’s internal security 2013

challenges linked with border
:
 management, particularly in view of the
long porous borders with most countries
of South Asia and Myanmar?

Security: org. crime & money

laundering

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Money laundering &

Prevention

20. Give out the major sources of terror 2023

funding in India and the efforts being made
to curtail these sources. In the light of this,
also discuss the aim and objective of the
No Money for Terror (NMFT Conference
recently held at New Delhi in November
2022. (भारत में आतंकवाद के िवत्तपोषण के प्रमुख
स्रोत और इन स्रोतों की कटौती के िलए िकए गए
प्रयासों को बताइए। इस आलोक में, हाल ही में नयी
िदल्ली में नवंबर 2022 में हुई ‘आतंकवाद के िलए धन
नहीं (एन० एम० एफ० टी०) ‘ संगोष्ठी के लक्ष्य एवं
उद्देश्य की भी िववेचना कीिजए।) (250
words/15m)
:
 Discuss the types of organised crimes. 2022
Describe the linkages between terrorists
and organised crime that exist at the
national and transnational levels. (Q9.
संगिठत अपराधों के प्रकारों की चचार् कीिजए। राष्ट्रीय
और अंतरार्ष्ट्रीय स्तर पर मौजूद संगिठत अपराध और
आतंकवािदयों के बीच संबंधों का वणर्न कीिजए।)

Discuss how emerging technologies and 2021

globalisation contribute to money
laundering. Elaborate measures to tackle
the problem of money laundering both at
national and international levels. (150
words) चचार् कीिजए िक िकस प्रकार उभरती
प्रोध्योिगिकयाँ और वैश्वीकरण मनी लॉिन्ड्रंग की
समस्या में योगदान देते है। इनसे िनपटने के िलए राष्ट्रीय
व वैिश्वक स्तर पे उपायों को िवस्तृत कीिजए।

India’s proximity to two of the world’s 2018

biggest illicit opium-growing states has
enhanced her internal security concerns.
Explain the linkages between drug
trafficking and other illicit activities such
as gunrunning, money laundering and
human trafficking. What counter-
measures should be taken to prevent the
:
 same?

Money laundering poses a serious threat 2013

to country’s economic sovereignty. What is
its significance for India and what steps
are required to be taken to control this
menace?

Security: Cyber security and

social media

GS3 Syllabus Topic: Basics of Cyber Security; Role

of media and social-networking sites in internal
security challenges; Internal security challenges
through communication networks

What are the different elements of cyber 2022

security? Keeping in view the challenges in
cyber security, examine the extent to
which India has successfully developed a
comprehensive National Cyber Security
Strategy. (Q19. साइबर सुरक्षा के िविभन्न तत्त्व क्या
हैं? साइबर सुरक्षा की चुनौितयों को ध्यान में रखते हुए
समीक्षा कीिजए िक भारत ने िकस हद तक एक व्यापक
:
 राष्ट्रीय साइबर सुरक्षा रणनीित सफलतापूवर्क
िवकिसत की है।)

Keeping in view India’s internal security, 2021

analyse the impact of cross-border cyber
attacks. Also discuss defensive measures
against these sophisticated attacks. (150
words) भारत की आन्तिरक सुरक्षा को ध्यान में रखते
हुए, सीमा-पार से होने वाले साइबर हमलों के प्रभाव का
िवश्लेषण कीिजए। साथ ही, इन पिरष्कृत हमलों के
िवरुद्ध रक्षात्मक उपायों की चचार् कीिजए।

What is the CyberDome Project? Explain 2019

how it can be useful in controlling internet
crimes in India. (साइबरडोम पिरयोजना क्या है ?
स्पष्ट कीिजए की भारत में इं टरनेट अपराधों को िनयंित्रत
करने में यह िकस प्रकार उपयोगी हो सकता है |)

Discuss different types of cyber crimes 2020

and measures required to be taken to fight
the menace. (साइबर अपराध के िविभन्न प्रकारों
और इस ख़तरे से लड़ने के आवश्यक उपायों की
िववेचना कीिजए l)

Data security has assumed significant 2018

importance in the digitized world due to
rising cyber crimes. The Justice B. N.
:
 Srikrishna Committee Report addresses
issues related to data security. What, in
your view, are the strengths and weakness
sof the Report relating to protection of
personal data in cyber space?

Discuss the potential threats of Cyber 2017

attack and the security framework to
prevent it.

Use of Internet and social media by non- 2016

state actors for subversive activities is a
major concern. How have these have
misused in the recent past? Suggest
effective guidelines to curb the above
threat.

Discuss the advantage and security 2015

implications of cloud hosting of server vis-
a-vis in-house machine-based hosting for
government businesses.

Considering the threats cyberspace poses 2015

for the country, India needs a “Digital
Armed Force” to prevent crimes. Critically
evaluate the National Cyber Security
Policy, 2013 outlining the challenges
:
 perceived in its effective implementation.

What is digital signature? What does its 2013

authentication mean? Giver various salient
built in features of a digital signature.

What are social networking site and what 2013

security implications do these sites
present?

Cyber warfare is considered by some 2013

defense analysts to be a larger threat than
even Al Qaeda or terrorism. What do you
understand by Cyber warfare? Outline the
cyber threats which India is vulnerable to
and bring out the state of the country’s
preparedness to deal with the same.

Security- Security forces

19. What are the internal security 2023

challenges being faced by India? Give out
the role of Central Intelligence and
Investigative Agencies tasked to counter
such threats. (भारत द्वारा सामना की जाने वाली
आं तिरक सुरक्षा चुनौितयाँ क्या हैं? ऐसे खतरों का
:
 मुकाबला करने के िलए िनयुक्त केन्द्रीय खुिफया और
जाँच एजेंिसयों की भूिमका बताइए।) (250
words/15m)

Human rights activists constantly highlight 2015

the view that the Armed Forces (Special
Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) is a draconian
act leading to cases of human rights abuses
by the security forces. What sections of
AFSPA are opposed by the activists?
Critically evaluate the requirement with
reference to the view held by the Apex
Court.

Appendix: Linear Paper

GSM3-2023

1. 1. Faster economic growth requires increased

share of the manufacturing sector in GDP,
particularly of MSMEs. Comment on the
present policies of the Government in this
regard. (जी० डी० पी० में िविनमार्ण क्षेत्र िवशेषकर एम०
एस० एम० ई० की बढ़ी हुई िहस्सदारी तज आिथर् क संवृिद्ध के
िलए आवश्यक है। इस संबंध में सरकार की वतर्मान नीितयों
:
 पर िटप्पणी कीिजए।) (150 words/10m)
2. 11. Most of the unemployment in India is
structural in nature. Examine the
methodology adopted to compute
unemployment in the country and suggest
improvements. (भारत में सबसे ज्यादा बेरोजगारी
प्रकृित में संरचनात्मक है। भारत में बेरोजगारी की गणना के
िलए अपनाई गई पद्धित का परीक्षण कीिजए और सुधार के
सुझाव दीिजए) (250 words/15m)
3. 12. Distinguish between ‘care economy’ and
‘monetized economy’. How can care economy
be brought into monetized economy through
women empowerment? (देखभाल अथर्व्यवस्था’ और
‘मुद्रीकृत अथर्व्यवस्था के बीच अंतर कीिजए मिहला
सशिक्तकरण के द्वारा देखभाल अथर्व्यवस्था को मुद्रीकृत
अथर्व्यवस्था में कैसे लाया जा सकता है?) (250
words/15m)
4. 2. What is the status of digitalization in the
Indian economy? Examine the problems faced
in this regard and suggest improvements
(भारतीय अथर्व्यवस्था में िडिजिटकरण की िस्थित क्या है?
इस संबंध में आने वाली समस्याओं का परीक्षण कीिजए
और सुधार के िलए सुझाव दीिजए।) (150 words/10m)
5. 13. Explain the changes in cropping pattern in
India in the context of changes in
:
 consumption pattern and marketing
conditions. (खपत पैटनर् एवं िवपणन दशाओं में पिरवतर्न
के संदभर् में, भारत में फसल प्रारूप (क्रॉिपं ग पैटनर्) में हुए
पिरवतर्नों की व्याख्या कीिजए।) (250 words/15m)
6. 3. How does e-Technology help farmers in
production and marketing of agricultural
produce? Explain it. (कृिष उत्पादों के उत्पादन एवं
िवपणन में ई तकनीक िकसानों की िकस प्रकार मदद करती
है? इसे समझाइए) (150 words/10m)
7. 4. State the objectives and measures of land
reforms in India. Discuss how land ceiling
policy on landholding can be considered as an
effective reform under economic criteria.
(भारत में भूिम सुधार के उद्देश्यों एवं उपायों को बताइए ।
आिथर् क मापदंडों के अंतगर्त, भूिम जोत पर भूिम सीमा नीित
को कैसे एक प्रभावी सुधार माना जा सकता है, िववेचना
कीिजए।) (150 words/10m)
8. 14. What are the direct and indirect subsidies
provided to farm sector in India? Discuss the
issues raised by the World Trade Organization
(WTO) in relation to agricultural subsidies.
(भारत में कृिष क्षेत्र को प्रदान की जाने वाली प्रत्यक्ष एवं
अप्रत्यक्ष सिब्सडी क्या है? िवश्व व्यापार संगठन (डब्ल्यू०
टी० ओ०) द्वारा उठाए गए कृिष सिब्सडी संबंिधत मुद्दों की
िववेचना कीिजए।) (250 words/15m)
:
 9. 7. Dam failures are always catastrophic,
especially on the downstream side, resulting
in a colossal loss of life and property. Analyze
the various causes of dam failures. Give two
examples of large dam failures. (बाँधों की
िवफलता हमेशा प्रलयकारी होती हैं, िवशेष रूप से नीचे की
ओर, िजसके पिरणामस्वरूप जीवन और संपित्त का भारी
नुकसान होता है। बाँधों की िवफलता के िविभन्न कारणों का
िवश्लेषण कीिजए। बड़े बाँधों की िवफलताओं के दो
उदाहरण दीिजए।) (150 words/10m)
10. 15. The adoption of electric vehicles is rapidly
growing worldwide. How do electric vehicles
contribute to reducing carbon emissions and
what are the key benefits they offer
compared to traditional combustion engine
vehicles? (इलेिक्ट्रक वाहनों को अपनाना दुिनया भर में
तेजी से बढ़ रहा है। काबर्न उत्सजर्न को कम करने में
इलेिक्ट्रक वाहन कैसे योगदान करते हैं और पारंपिरक दहन
इं जन वाहनों की तुलना में वे क्या प्रमुख लाभ प्रदान करते
हैं?) (250 words/15m)
11. 17. Comment on the National Wetland
Conservation Programme initiated by the
Government of India and name a few India’s
wetlands of international importance
included in the Ramsar Sites. (भारत सरकार द्वारा
:
 शुरू िकए गए राष्ट्रीय आद्रर्भूिम संरक्षण कायर्क्रम पर
िटप्पणी कीिजए और रामसर स्थलों में शािमल अंतरार्ष्ट्रीय
महत्त्व की भारत की कुछ आद्रर्भूिमयों के नाम िलिखए।)
(250 words/15m)
12. 18. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) has predicted a global sea level
rise of about one metre by AD 2100. What
would be its impact in India and the other
countries in the Indian Ocean region? (जलवायु
पिरवतर्न पर अंतर-सरकारी पैनल (आइ० पी० सी० सी०) ने
वैिश्वक समुद्र स्तर में 2100 ईस्वी तक लगभग एक मीटर
की वृिद्ध का पूवार्नुमान लगाया है। िहन्द महासागर क्षेत्र में
भारत और दू सरे देशों में इसका क्या प्रभाव होगा?) (250
words/15m)
13. 6. Discuss several ways in which
microorganisms can help in meeting the
current fuel shortage. (उन िविभन्न तरीकों पर चचार्
कीिजए िजनसे सूक्ष्मजीवी इस समय हो रही ईंधन की कमी
से पार पाने में मदद कर सकते हैं।) (150 words/10m)
14. 8. What is oil pollution? What are its impacts
on the marine ecosystem? In what way is oil
pollution particularly harmful for a country
like India? (तेल प्रदू षण क्या है? समुद्री पािरिस्थितकी तंत्र
पर इसके प्रभाव क्या हैं? भारत जैसे देश के िलए िकस तरह
से तेल प्रदू षण िवशेष रूप से हािनकारक है?) (150
:
 words/10m)
15. 16. What is the main task of India’s third
moon mission which could not be achieved in
its earlier mission? List the countries that
have achieved this task. Introduce the
subsystems in the spacecraft launched and
explain the role of the Virtual Launch Control
Centre’ at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
which contributed to the successful launch
from Sriharikota. (भारत के तीसरे चंद्रमा िमशन का
मुख्य कायर् क्या है िजसे इसके पहल के िमशन में हािसल
नहीं िकया जा सका? िजन देशों ने इस कायर् को हािसल कर
िलया है उनकी सूची दीिजए। प्रक्षेिपत अंतिरक्ष-यान की
उपप्रणािलयों को प्रस्तुत कीिजए और िवक्रम साराभाई
अंतिरक्ष केन्द्र के ‘आभासी प्रक्षेपण िनयंत्रण केन्द्र’ की उस
भूिमका का वणर्न कीिजए िजसने श्रीहिरकोटा से सफल
प्रक्षेपण में योगदान िदया है।) (250 words/15m)
16. 5. Introduce the concept of Artificial
Intelligence (AI). How does AI help clinical
diagnosis? Do you perceive any threat to
privacy of the individual in the use of Al in
healthcare? (कृित्रम बुिद्ध (ए० आइ० ) की अवधारणा का
पिरचय दीिजए। ए० आइ० िक्लिनकल िनदान में कैसे मदद
करता है? क्या आप स्वास्थ्य सेवा में ए० आइ० के उपयोग में
व्यिक्त की िनजता को कोई खतरा महसूस करते हैं?) (150
:
 words/10m)
17. 19. What are the internal security challenges
being faced by India? Give out the role of
Central Intelligence and Investigative
Agencies tasked to counter such threats. (भारत
द्वारा सामना की जाने वाली आं तिरक सुरक्षा चुनौितयाँ क्या
हैं? ऐसे खतरों का मुकाबला करने के िलए िनयुक्त केन्द्रीय
खुिफया और जाँच एजेंिसयों की भूिमका बताइए।) (250
words/15m)
18. 20. Give out the major sources of terror
funding in India and the efforts being made to
curtail these sources. In the light of this, also
discuss the aim and objective of the No
Money for Terror (NMFT Conference recently
held at New Delhi in November 2022. (भारत में
आतंकवाद के िवत्तपोषण के प्रमुख स्रोत और इन स्रोतों की
कटौती के िलए िकए गए प्रयासों को बताइए। इस आलोक
में, हाल ही में नयी िदल्ली में नवंबर 2022 में हुई ‘आतंकवाद
के िलए धन नहीं (एन० एम० एफ० टी०) ‘ संगोष्ठी के लक्ष्य
एवं उद्देश्य की भी िववेचना कीिजए।) (250 words/15m)
19. 10. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAVs) by our adversaries across the borders
to ferry arms/ammunitions, drugs, etc., is a
serious threat to the internal security.
Comment on the measures being taken to
:
 tackle this threat. (सीमा पार से शत्रुओ ं द्वारा हिथयार/
गोला-बारूद, ड्रग्स आिद मानवरिहत हवाई वाहनों (यू० ए०
वी०) की मदद से पहुंचाया जाना हमारी सुरक्षा के िलए गंभीर
खतरा है। इस खतरे से िनपटने के िलए िकए जा रहे उपायों
पर िटप्पणी कीिजए।) (150 words/10m)
20. 9. Winning of ‘Hearts and Minds’ in terrorism-
affected areas is an essential step in restoring
the trust of the population. Discuss the
measures adopted by the Government in this
respect as part of the conflict resolution in
Jammu and Kashmir. (आतंकवाद-प्रभािवत क्षेत्रों में
जनसमुदाय का िवश्वास बहाल करने में ‘िदल और िदमाग’
जीतना एक आवश्यक कदम है। इस संबंध में जम्मू और
कश्मीर में संघषर् समाधान के भाग के रूप में सरकार द्वारा
अपनाए गए उपायों पर चचार् कीिजए।) (150
words/10m)

Appendix: Linear Paper

GSM3-2022

1. Why is Public Private Partnership (PPP)

required in infrastructural projects? Examine
the role of PPP model in the redevelopment
of Railway Stations in India. (Q1. बुिनयादी
:
 ढांचागत पिरयोजनाओं में सावर्जिनक िनजी साझेदारी
(पी.पी.पी.) की आवश्यकता क्यों है? भारत में रेलवे स्टेशनों
के पुनिवर् कास में पी.पी.पी. मॉडल की भूिमका का परीक्षण
कीिजए) 10 marks, 150w
2. Is inclusive growth possible under market
economy? State the significance of financial
inclusion in achieving economic growth in
India. (Q2. क्या बाज़ार अथर्व्यवस्था के अन्तगर्त समावेशी
िवकास संभव है? भारत में आिथर् क िवकास की प्रािप्त के
िलए िवत्तीय समावेश के महत्व का उल्लेख कीिजए।) 10
marks, 150w
3. What are the major challenges of Public
Distribution System (PDS) in India? How can
it be made effective and transparent? (Q3.
भारत में सावर्जिनक िवतरण प्रणाली (पी.डी.एस.) की प्रमुख
चुनौितयाँ क्या है? इसे िकस प्रकार प्रभावी तथा पारदशीर्
बनाया जा सकता है?) 10 marks, 150w
4. Elaborate the scope and significance of the
food processing industry in India. (Q4. भारत में
खाद्य प्रसंस्करण उद्योग के कायर्क्षेत्र और महत्व का
सिवस्तार वणर्न कीिजए) 10 marks, 150w
5. The increase in life expectancy in the country
has led to newer health challenges in the
community. What are those challenges and
what steps need to be taken to meet them?
:
 (Q5. देश में आयु संभािवता में आई वृिद्ध से समाज में नई
स्वास्थ्य चुनौितयाँ खड़ी हो गई हैं। यह नई चुनौितयाँ कौन-
कौन सी हैं और उनके समाधान हेतु क्या-क्या कदम उठाए
जाने आवश्यक हैं?) 10 marks, 150w
6. Each year a large amount of plant material,
cellulose, is deposited on the surface of Planet
Earth. What are the natural processes this
cellulose undergoes before yielding carbon
dioxide, water and other end products? (Q6.
पृथ्वी की सतह पर प्रित वषर् बड़ी मात्रा में वनस्पित पदाथर्,
सेलुलोस, जमा हो जाता है । यह सेलुलोस िकन प्राकृितक
प्रिक्रयाओं से गुजरता है िजससे िक वह काबर्न
डाइऑक्साइड, जल तथा अन्य अंत्य उत्पादों में पिरवितर् त हो
जाता है?) 10 marks, 150w
7. Discuss in detail the photochemical amog
emphasizing its formation, effects and
mitigation. Explain the 1999 Gothenburg
Protocol. (Q7. इसके िनमार्ण, प्रभाव और शमन को
महत्व देते हुए फोटोकेिमकल स्मॉग की िवस्तारपूवर्क चचार्
कीिजए । 1999 के गोथेनवगर् प्रोटोकॉल को समझाइए |)
10 marks, 150w
8. Explain the mechanism and occurrence of
cloudburst in the context of the Indian
subcontinent. Discuss two recent examples.
(Q8. भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप के संदभर् में बादल फटने की
:
 िक्रयािविध और घटना को समझाइए । हाल के दो उदाहरणों
की चचार् कीिजए।) 10 marks, 150w
9. Discuss the types of organised crimes.
Describe the linkages between terrorists and
organised crime that exist at the national and
transnational levels. (Q9. संगिठत अपराधों के
प्रकारों की चचार् कीिजए। राष्ट्रीय और अंतरार्ष्ट्रीय स्तर पर
मौजूद संगिठत अपराध और आतंकवािदयों के बीच संबंधों
का वणर्न कीिजए।) 10 marks, 150w
10. What are the maritime security challenges in
India? Discuss the organisational, technical
and procedural initiatives taken to improve
the maritime security. (Q10. भारत में समुद्री सुरक्षा
चुनौितयाँ क्या हैं? समुद्री सुरक्षा में सुधार के िलए की गई
संगठनात्मक, तकनीकी और प्रिक्रयात्मक पहलों की
िववेचना कीिजए।) 10 marks, 150w
11. Economic growth in the recent past has been
led by increase in labour productivity. Explain
this statement. Suggest the growth pattern
that will lead to creation of more jobs without
compromising labour productivity. (Q11. “हाल
के िदनों का आिथर् क िवकास श्रम उत्पादकता में वृिद्ध के
कारण संभव हुआ है।” इस कथन को समझाइए । ऐसे
संवृिद्ध प्रितरूप को प्रस्तािवत कीिजए जो श्रम उत्पादकता से
समझौता िकए िबना अिधक रोजगार उत्पित्त में सहायक हो)
:
 15 marks, 250w
12. Do you think India will meet 50 percent of its
energy needs from renewable energy by 2030
? Justify your answer. How will the shift of
subsidies from fossil fuels to renewables help
achieve the above objective? Explain. (Q12.
क्या आपके िवचार में भारत अपनी ऊजार् आवश्यकता का
50 प्रितशत भाग, वषर् 2030 तक नवीकरणीय ऊजार् से
प्राप्त कर लेगा ? अपने उत्तर के औिचत्य को िसद्ध कीिजए।
जीवाश्म ईंधनों से सिब्सडी हटाकर उसे नवीकरणीय ऊजार्
स्रोतों में लगाना उपयुर्क्त उद्देश्य पूितर् में िकस प्रकार सहायक
होगा? समझाइए ।) 15 marks, 250w
13. What are the main bottlenecks in upstream
and downstream process of marketing of
agricultural products in India? (Q13′ भारत में
कृिष उत्पादों के िवपणन की ऊध्वर्मुखी और अधोमुखी
प्रिक्रया में मुख्य बाधाएँ क्या हैं?) 15 marks, 250w
14. What is Integrated Farming System? How is it
helpful to small and marginal farmers in India?
15 (Q14. समेिकत कृिष प्रणाली क्या है? भारत में छोटे
और सीमांत िकसानों के िलए यह कैसे लाभदायक हो सकती
है? ( 250 शब्दों में उत्तर दीिजए)) 15 marks, 250w
15. Launched on 25th December, 2021, James
Webb Space Telescope has been much in the
news since then. What are its unique features
:
 which make it superior to its predecessor
Space Telescopes? What are the key goals of
this mission? What potential benefits does it
hold for the human race? (Q15. 25 िदसम्बर,
2021 को छोड़ा गया जेम्स वेब अंतिरक्ष टेलीस्कोप तभी से
समाचारों में बना हुआ है। |उसमें ऐसी कौन-कौन सी अनन्य
िवशेषताएँ हैं जो उसे इससे पहले के अंतिरक्ष टेलीस्कोपों से
श्रेष्ठ बनाती हैं? इस िमशन के मुख्य ध्येय क्या हैं? मानव
जाित के िलए इसके क्या संभािवत लाभ हो सकते हैं? ( 250
शब्दों में उत्तर दीिजए)) 15 marks, 250w
16. What is the basic(principle behind vaccine
development ? How do vaccines work? What
approaches were adopted by the Indian
vaccine manufacturers to produce COVID-19
vaccines? (Q16. वैक्सीन िवकास का आधारभूत िसद्धांत
क्या है? वैक्सीन कैसे कायर् करते हैं? कोिवड-19 टीकों के
िनमार्ण हेतु भारतीय वैक्सीन िनमार्ताओं ने क्या-क्या
पद्धितयाँ अपनाई हैं?) 15 marks, 250w
17. Discuss global warming and mention its
effects on the global climate. Explain the
control measures to bring down the level of
greenhouse gases which cause global
warming, in the light of the Kyoto Protocol,
1997. (Q17. ग्लोबल वािमर्ं ग (वैिश्वक तापन) की चचार्
कीिजए और वैिश्वक जलवायु पर इसके प्रभावों का उल्लेख
:
 कीिजए । क्योटो प्रोटोकॉल, 1997 के आलोक में ग्लोबल
वािमर्ं ग का कारण बनने वाली ग्रीनहाउस गैसों के स्तर को
कम करने के िलए िनयंत्रण उपायों को समझाइए ।) 15
marks, 250w
18. Explain the causes and effects of coastal
erosion in India What are the available coastal
management techniques for combating the
hazard? (Q18. भारत में तटीय अपरदन के कारणों एवं
प्रभावों को समझाइए । ख़तरे का मुकाबला करने के िलए
उपलब्ध तटीय प्रबंधन तकनीकें क्या है?) 15 marks,
250w
19. What are the different elements of cyber
security? Keeping in view the challenges in
cyber security, examine the extent to which
India has successfully developed a
comprehensive National Cyber Security
Strategy. (Q19. साइबर सुरक्षा के िविभन्न तत्त्व क्या हैं?
साइबर सुरक्षा की चुनौितयों को ध्यान में रखते हुए समीक्षा
कीिजए िक भारत ने िकस हद तक एक व्यापक राष्ट्रीय
साइबर सुरक्षा रणनीित सफलतापूवर्क िवकिसत की है।)
15 marks, 250w
20. Naxalism is a social, economic and
developmental issue manifesting as a violent
internal security threat. In this context,
discuss the emerging issues and suggest a
:
 multilayered strategy to tackle the menace of
Naxalism. (Q20. नक्सलवाद एक सामािजक, आिथर् क
और िवकासात्मक मुद्दा है जो एक िहं सक आन्तिरक सुरक्षा
ख़तरे के में रूप प्रकट होता है । इस संदभर् में उभरते हुए मुद्दों
की चचार् कीिजए और नक्सलवाद के ख़तरे से िनपटने की
बहुस्तरीय रणनीित का सुझाव दीिजए।) 15 marks,
250w

Appendix: Model
Answer pe Free Lecture
& Powerpoint

Free Lecture:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?
list=PLSVABdpsEeglA4VimijYd4u1Q0uee8Vpz
Free Powerpoint:
https://unacademy.com/content/upsc/mains-
paper-analysis/

Appendix: Syllabus of
UPSC Mains-GSM3
General Studies Paper 3
:
 1. Government Budgeting
2. Indian Economy (issues re: planning,
mobilisation of resources, growth,
development, employment); Inclusive growth
and issues therein
3. Devolution of powers and finances to local
levels; challenges therein
4. Infrastructure (energy, ports, roads, airports,
railways); Investment models
5. Effects of Liberalisation on the economy;
Changes in Industrial policy & their effects on
industrial growth
6. Major Crops in various parts of country
(cropping patterns, types of irrigation,
irrigation systems, , )
7. e-technology to aid farmers; Technology
missions;
8. Food processing and related industries in
India (scope & significance, location,
upstream-downstream requirements, supply
chain management); storage, transport &
marketing of agro-produce and related issues
& constraints; Economics of animal-rearing
9. Land Reforms in India
10. Farm subsidies and MSP and issues therein
:
 (direct and indirect); PDS (objectives,
functioning, limitations, revamping, issues of
buffer stocks & food security)
11. Disasters & Disaster Management
12. Environmental conservation; Environmental
pollution and degradation; Environmental
Impact Assessment
13. Achievements of Indians in S&T;
Indigenisation of technology & development
of new technology
14. S&T developments and everyday applications
& effects; Awareness in fields of IT, Space,
Computers, Robotics, Nanotech, Biotech, IPR
issues
15. Linkages of Organised crime and Terrorism;
Moneylaundering & Prevention
16. Border Areas (securite challenges and
management thereof); Security forces &
agencies (mandate); Role of External State &
Non-State actors in creating internal security
challenges
17. Basics of Cyber Security; Role of media and
social-networking sites in internal security
challenges; Internal security challenges
through communication networks
: