UNIVERSITEIT VAN PRETORIA

FACULTY NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS & APPLIED MATHEMATICS

WTW 124 : SEMESTERTEST 2

2019-10-17
MARKS (SEC B) TIME: 150 min
MARKS: 50

SURNAME:

FIRST NAMES:

STUDENTE NR:

SIGNATURE:

Internal examiners: Dr. M Messerschmidt

Prof. JH van der Walt
Dr. H Wiggins
External examiner: Dr. M Wortel

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS.

1. The paper consists of pages 1 to 13. Check whether your paper is complete.
2. Should you require space for rough work, you may use the blank facing pages. This will not
be marked.
3. If you need more than the available space for an answer, use the facing page. Indicate
CLEARLY where you continue a question on a facing page.
4. Please write neatly and legibly. Illegible handwriting will be penalized.
5. No pencil work or any work in red ink will be marked.
6. Answer Section A in pencil on Side 2 of the provided Optical Mark Recognition sheet.
7. In Section B, all answers have to be motivated in full. If you write down only a final answer
for a question, it will be marked as incorrect, even if the answer is correct.
8. The use of correcting fluid (“Tipp-Ex”) is not allowed. Should you fail to follow this instruction,
you lose the right to question the marking or to indicate work that has not been marked.
9. You may not use a calculator.

Copyright reserved WTW 124

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 Section A [10 Marks]

This section consists of questions 1 to 5. Answer all questions on side two of the mark reader
form in pencil.

Question 1 [2 Marks]

A system of linear equations is represented by the augmented matrix

 
1 0 k k
 0 k 0 k+1 
4 0 k 3 5k + 2
For which value(s) of k does the system have no solution?

(A) Only k = 0 (B) Only k = 2

(C) Only k = −2 (D) Only k = 0 or k = −2
(E) Only k = 0 or k = 2 (F) Only k = −2 or k = 2
(G) Only k 6= 0 and k 6= −2 (H) Only k 6= 0
(I) Only k 6= −2 and k 6= 2 (J) Only k 6= 0, k 6= 2 and k 6= −2

Question 2 [2 Marks]

Suppose Nxolo has an n × n matrix N . Thabo calculated the matrix T = 2N 2 . If the determinant
of N is 2 and the determinant of T is 64, what is n?

(A) n=1 (B) n=2

(C) n=3 (D) n=4
(E) n=5 (F) n=6
(G) None of these (H) Not enough information to find n

Question 3 [2 Marks]
Z 0
t
If F (x) = 2
dt, x ∈ R, then F 0 (x) equals
x3 t + 4

x3 x3 3x2 3x2 1 1
(A) (B) − (C) − (D) (E) ln 4 − ln(x6 + 4)
x6 + 4 x6 + 4 x5 + 4 x5 + 4 2 2

3x5 3x5 3x5 3x5 1 1

(F) − (G) (H) − (I) (J) ln(x6 + 4) − ln 4
x6 + 4 x6 + 4 x9 + 4 x9 + 4 2 2

2
Question 4 [2 Marks]

Let A be an n × n matrix and x̄, c̄, d¯ ∈ Rn . Which of the following statements are necessarily true?

(I) If Ax̄ = c̄ has a unique solution, then there exists a d¯ such that Ax̄ = d¯ has no solution.

(II) If Ax̄ = 0̄ has infinitely many solutions, then det(A) = 0.

(III) If det(A) = 0, then Ax̄ = c̄ will have infinitely many solutions.

(IV) If Ax̄ = c̄ has no solution for some c̄, then Ax̄ = 0̄ has no solutions.

(V) If Ax̄ = c̄ has at least two solutions, then there exists d¯ such that Ax̄ = d¯ has no solutions.

(A) Only (I) & (IV) (B) Only (II), (III) & (V)
(C) Only (II) & (III) (D) Only (I), (IV) & (V)
(E) Only (II), (III) & (IV) (F) Only (II) & (IV)
(G) Only (I), (III) & (V) (H) Only (II) & (V)

Question 5 [2 Marks]

The graph of a continuous function f : [a, b] → R is given below.

Z x
Let F (x) = f (t), dt, a ≤ x ≤ b. Which of the following statements are necessarily true?
a

(I) F has a local maximum at c.

(II) F has a local minimum at d.

(III) F has a local maximum at e.

(IV) F has a point of inflection at e.

(A) Only (I), (II) & (III) (B) Only (I), (II) & (IV) (C) Only (I) & (II)
(D) Only (I) & (III) (E) Only (I) & (IV) (F) Only (II) and (III)
(G) Only (II) and (IV) (H) Only (I) (I) Only (II)
(J) None of these

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 Section B [40 Marks]

Question 6 [3]
Consider the matrix:

 
1 0 −1
A= 0 2 0 .
−1 −2 2
Determine the inverse of A, if A is invertible or explain why A is not invertible.

[3]

4
Question 7 [7]
There exist unique real numbers A, B and C so that

3x2 + 6x − 5 A B C
= + + , x 6= ±1. (E)
(x + 1)(x − 1)2 x + 1 x − 1 (x − 1)2

(7.1) The numbers A, B and C above can be found by solving a system of linear equations. Find
this system by starting with equation (E) and comparing coefficients. Please show all work.

[2]

5
(7.2) Use Gauss elimination and backward substitution to solve the system of equations in (7.1).

[3]
3x2 + 6x − 5
Z
(7.3) Now determine I = dx.
(x + 1)(x − 1)2

[2]

6
Question 8 [6]
Evaluate the following integrals.
Z π
12 1
(8.1) A = dx.
0 sec2 x

[3]
Z π
2
(8.2) B = x2 sin x dx.
0

[3]

7
Question 9 [5]
4x 3
Let f (x) = where x 6= − .
3x + 2 2
1
(9.1) Show that if |x − 2| < 1, then |f (x) − 1| < |x − 2|.
5

[2]

(9.2) Use (9.1) and the definition of a limit at a point to prove that lim f (x) = 1.
x→2

[3]

8
 Question 10 [5]
Let a and L be real numbers. Consider a function f : (a, ∞) → R.

(10.1) Write down the definition of lim+ f (x) = L. [1]

x→a

(10.2) Write down the definition of lim f (x) = L. [1]

x→∞

2
(10.3) Given f : R → R so that if x > 7 then |f (x) − 1| < . Prove, by using definition (10.2), that
x
lim f (x) = 1.
x→∞

[3]

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 Question 11 [6]
Consider functions f, g : R → R and real numbers a, L and M . Assume that:

(A1) lim f (x) = L

x→a
(A2) lim g(x) = M
x→a
(A3) f (x) ≤ g(x) for any real number x

Then L ≤ M .
A framework for the proof of this fact is given below.

Step 1: Assume that the conclusion of the theorem is false. That is assume that . . .
Step 2: There exists δ1 > 0 such that if 0 < |x − a| < δ1 then f (x) > L+M 2
.
L+M
Step 3: There exists δ2 > 0 such that if 0 < |x − a| < δ2 then g(x) < 2 .
Step 4: Define δ = . . .. If 0 < |x − a| < δ then 0 < |x − a| < δ1 and 0 < |x − a| < δ2 .

(11.1) Complete step 1. [1]

(11.2) How is step 1 used to prove step 2? Fully explain. [2]

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(11.3) How is δ defined in step 4? [1]

(11.4) Explain carefully, with full details, how a contradiction follows from step 4? [2]

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Question 12 [2]

Let A be any 3 × 3 matrix. Denote e1 , e2 and e3 as the columns of the 3 × 3 identity matrix I.
Assume that the equation Ax = ei has a unique solution in R3 for every i ∈ {1, 2, 3}. Prove that A
is invertible.

[2]
Question 13 [2]

Suppose p < 1. Find all p so that the average of f (x) = 2x + 3 on the interval [p, 1] is p2 .

[2]

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Question 14 [4]

Consider f, g : R → R. Suppose that lim f (x) = ∞ and lim g(x) = 1.

x→∞ x→∞
Prove that lim f (x)g(x) = ∞.
x→∞

[4]

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