Lecture 1-4

Lecture 1: Tuesday 26th Feb 2019

DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENT

UNIVERSITY OF DHAKA
ü Basic concepts

1. Datum

2. Coordinate system

3. Geoid

4. Reference ellipsoid

ü Defining Geomatic Surveying

ü Principles and concepts

ü Geomatic survey in Bangladesh

ü Levels and leveling: basic concepts

After having this session you will be able to……

1. Communicate with some fundamental concepts of earth science

2. Define geomatic survey(ing)

3. Identify the principles of geomatic survey(ing)

4. Synthesize geomatic surveying in Bangladesh and

5. Gather concepts of level and leveling

Datum
} A geodetic datum (plural datums, not data) is a reference from
which measurements are made.

} In surveying and geodesy, a datum is a set of reference points

on the Earth's surface against which position measurements are
made.
} Horizontal datums are used for describing a point on
the earth's surface, in latitude and longitude or another
coordinate system.

} Vertical datums are used to measure elevations or

underwater depths.
} A coordinate system defines the location of a point on a
planar or spherical surface.

} Types of coordinate system

A. Based on Nature
B. Based on Extent
A. Based on Nature
1. Plane coordinate system

2. Geographic coordinate system

B. Based on Extent
1. Global coordinate system

2. Local coordinate system

} What do you think about the REAL geodetic shape
of the earth?
Geoid
} An imaginary surface that coincides with mean sea level in the
ocean and its extension through the continents.
} A hypothetical surface that corresponds to mean sea level and
extends at the same level under the continents.
} The geoid is used as a reference surface for the accurate

} measurement of elevations on the Earth's surface.

Ellipsoid
} A geometric surface, symmetrical about the three coordinate
axes, whose plane sections are ellipsesor circles.
SURVEYING
The art, science, and technology of gathering and analyzing
measurement data related to the land and other land-related
surfaces and spaces.

GEOMATICS
Is a field of activities which, using a systemic approach,
integrates all the means used to acquire and manage
spatial data required as part of scientific, administrative, legal
and technical operations involved in the process of the
production and management of spatial information.
(As defined by the Canadian Institute of Geomatics in their
quarterly journal "Geomatica")
} Geomatics is the modern scientific term referring to the
integrated approach of measurement, analysis, management,
storage and display of the descriptions and location of Earth-
based data, often termed spatial data.

} Geomatics includes disciplines such as: Surveying, Geodesy,

Remote Sensing & Photogrammetry, Cartography, Geographic
Information Systems, Global Positioning Systems.