BASIC LEVEL I REFRESHER SECTION 1: f SNT- 1992. ANSI/ASI Which of the following statements is not true? & Certification is written testimony of qualification. b. Qualification is the skill, training, and experience required for personnel to properly perform the duties of a specific job. © The employer is the corporate or private entity, which employs personnel for wages or salary, dA certifying agency is any organization used by an employer in training NOT personnel. © Training is a program developed to impart the knowledge and skills necessary for qualification, To which of the following NOT methods is SNT-TC-IA currently applicable? Visual testing Thermal / infrared testing ‘Acoustic emission testing All of the above Only a and c above ASNT intended that the requirements of CP-189 be appli spege a with flexibility and reason. b. as modified by other codes or standards, © as minimum requirements, d. as maximum requirements. Certification Is: The skill, training and experience required for personnel to properly perform the duties of a specific job. b. Written testimony of qualification. € _ Intended to be conferred by an organization independent from the employer. 4. Intended to be conferred by an organization hired by the employer. © Intended to be conferred on Level III personnel by ASNT only. ASNT intended that the recommendations of SNT-TC- 1A be applied: with flexibility and reason precisely as written, as minimum requirements. as maximum requirements. only when work is being done in accordance with a code or specification. paoe were10, u The basic levels of qualification specified in CP-189 are: a. Trainee, Level I, Level H and Level HI. b. Instructor, trainee, Level 1, Level II and Level Il Level 1, Level I and Level IIT. ¢. Level If and Level 111. d. None of the above. Certification of Level ill personnel per CP-189 requires the employer to administer the following examinations: a. Basie, Method and Specific, b. Vision, Basic, Method and Specific. © General, Specific and Practical. 4. Vision, Specific and Practical. © Specific and Practical The basic levels of qualification recommended by SNT-TC-1A are. a- Trainee, Level I, Level LI and Level HI. b. Trainee, apprentice, Level I, Level H and Level 111 ¢. Level I, Level II and Level HI. 4. Trainee, Level I, Level II, Instructor and Level III © None of the above. HI certifications per CP-189 shall expire: At the end of the five-year certification period. When the vision examination interval exceeds one year. When the ASNT Level Ill certificate expires. Aor above, Aor c above. Which of the following is not within the scope of activities of a ‘Level H individual, as recommended by SNT-TC-1A? E E [ : May a Level I independently perform, evaluate, and sign for results of nondestructive tests with occasional supercon ofe ‘Level I or Level Il? a es, the intent is thatthe Level I may perform the above functions provided they are in accordance with writen procedures and so documented in the employer's | rien practice | b. No, the Level I may perform the above functions in accordance with written but must be under constant supervision and guidance of a Level Il or a Level HI. No, the Level I may not sign for test results. No, the Level I is not allowed to take any independent action ‘Yes, provided that the Level I receives detailed verbal instructions from the Level Tor Ill and demonstrates the capability to follow the instructions pao12, 13, 14, 15, 16. 17. Hsecordance with SNT-TC-1A, who is responsible for establishing a waitten practice for the control and administration of NDT personnel training, examination and eetahee so Spogp The NDT Level IT The employer ASNT ‘An appropriate regulatory authority The customer All NDT trainin, of personnel in accordance with CP-189 shall be presented by an individual qualified as: 2 saece An NDT Level III An NDT Level II. An NDT trainee, An NDT instructor. ‘None of the above. Per CP-1 89, the vision examinations shall consists of a: a s pepe Near distance acuity reading a Jaeger #2 chart ata distance of not less than 12° administered annually. Color vision examination, which demonstrates the ability, to differentiate among colors used in the method administered annually. Distance vision test administered initially and at recertification, Aand b above. None of the above, In leak testing, recommended training and work time experience: a b. «. a e ce. Per CP-189, the employer's certification procedure shall be approved by: -189 requires that the employer records include: Differs for each of four major ‘techniques. Does not consider differen techniques, | Is listed for Levels H Ca Lo Is significantly greater ultrasonic testing. Does not include pressure change testing, Copies of current and previous employer examinations, It @ monthly log of experience. A copy of current Level III examinations, Results of all required vision examinations. All of the above. ‘The employer's representative designated by the NDT Level IIE The customer. The NDT Level III designated by the employer. ASNT. The employers Quality Assurance Manager.18, 19, 20, a 22, Per CP-189, for an individual to receive credit for training, that individual must a Have attended the entire course. b. a passing composite score. © Pass all quizzes and examinations, 4. Passa final examination, e Have attended at least 70% of the course hours. Which of the following may conduct and grade all qualification examinations (general, $Recific and practical) for Level I and Level H personnel for both SNT-TC- | Aand CP- 189? a An NOT Level Il in that method b. A selected representative of the NDT Level III « An ASNT Level III certificate holder in that method. d. All of the above e —_ Both a and b above Which of the following statements is true with regard to the administration of written inthe ox should not be permitted fe ial a examinee should not access to any reference materi b. Reference data may be supplied for the practical examination only. © Level Il personnel should be required to memorize everything except codes, specifications and ; 4. Codes, specifications, procedures, graphs and tables can be provided to examinees for reference during examinations, © None of the above is true. [ON OI: ND’ (OD: fiographic Testin, The difference between the densities of two areas of a radiograph is called: Subject contrast. Film contrast. Definition. Opacity. Penetrating ability of an x-ray beam is governed by: Kilovoltage or wavelength, | Time. | Milliamy Source-to-film distance, Radiographic contrast. | page 9 peoee24, 25, 27, 28. ‘Two x-ray machines operating at the same nominal kilovoltage arid milliamperage settings: &. Will produce the same intensities and energies of radiation, b. Will produce the same intensities but may produce different energies of radiation. © Will produce the same energies but may produce different intensities of radiation, 4. May give not only different intensities but also different energies of radiation The fact that gases, when bombarded by radiation, ionize and become electrical conductors make them useful in: a. X-ray transformers. b. X-ray tubes. © Masks. 4. Radiation detection equipment. Fluoroscopy. & Soure-ilm distance amperage © Kilovoltage 4. Focal spot size e. All of the above ‘When viewing a radiograph, an image of the back of the cassette superimposed on the image of the specimen is noted. This is most likely due to: Undercut X-ray intensity too high. Back-scattered radiation. Size of discontinuities in apart Density of the film. ‘Amount of film contrast, Quality of the radiographic technique. a b. c da A penetrameter is used to measure the: a b. ©. 4. ¢. Amount of radiation that penetrates the test object. Mas Test Circular magnetization is useful in the detection of: a Circumferential cracks. © Coane drical the I of th c. racks in cylindrical parts at right angles to the long axis of the part. d. Both a and c above. p —-29. 30, 31. 32, 33. 34, How is the inside diameter of a cylinder best magnetized? a By ahead shot. b By using prods at either end. ¢. Wit a central conductor placed between contact heads, d. With the cylinder placed crosswise in a solenoid. Which of the following is a major disadvantage of using the prod method? a. The magnetic field may be applied in the wrong direction. b. The inspection surface may be arc burned. Magnetic saturation may occur. d. The operator’s eyes may be burned by arc strikes. The best type of magnetizing current for inspection of fatigue cracks is: a. Direct current, b. Alternating current, ©. Half-wave direct current. 4. Full-wave rectified direct current. €. Any of the above if the current is correct. Fluorescent magnetic particles are used in preference to visible magnetic particles: When parts are big and bulky. To take advantage of the fluorescent lights that are normally used in plains. If parts are for railroad applications, To increase the speed and reliability of detecting very small discontinuities. a b c 4 The amount of amperage used for magnetic particle inspection using the prod method is on the: ba Thickness of the part. b. Distance between the prods. Diameter of the prods. 4. Alloftthe above. e. Both aand b above. Which of the following materials cannot be tested by magnetic particle techniques? High alloy steels Tool ste¢ Copper alloys Feritic stainless steels Both c and d above Paeere35. 36. 37. 38, 39. itrasonic Testing Ultrasonic testing techniques are useful in testing laminate and sandwich construction test objects for: Paint thickness, Bond integrity. Leakage. Surface roughness, Electrical conductivity, An ultrasonic test using a straight beam contact search unit is being conducted trough the thickness of a flat part such as a plate. The test should detect: Laminar type flaws with major dimension parallel to the plane of the rolled oaosce b. Transverse type flaws with major dimensions at right angles to the plane of the rolled surface. c Radial flaws with major dimensions along the length but ‘tadially oriented to the rolled surface. d. None of the above. Generally, the best ultrasonic ‘testing technique for detecting discontinuities oriented along the fusion zone in a welded plate is: 2. An angle-beam contact method employing surface waves. >. ‘A contact test using a straight lngiudinal wave ©. An immersion test using surface waves 4. A resonance techni | e. Anangle-beam method using shears waves, In general, shear waves are more sensitive to small discontinuities than longitudinal ‘waves for a given frequency and in a given material because: a The wavelength of shear waves is shorter than the wavelength of longitudinal waves. >. Shear waves are not as easily dispersed in the material. © The direction of particle vibration for shear waves is more sensitive to. discontinuities 4. The wavelength of shear waves is longer than the wavelength of longitudinal | waves. i Lack of parallelism between the entry surface and the back surface: ‘May result in a screen pattern that does not contain back reflection indications. Makes it difficult to locate discontinuities that lie parallel to the entry surface. Usually indicates a porous condition existing in the metal, Will decrease the penetrating power of the test. pose41 42, 43. 45. The amount of energy reflected from a discontinuity is dependent on: 2. The size of the discontinuity. b. The orientation of the discontinuity. © The type of the discontinuity d All of the above © Only aand b above. Ultrasonic velocities are different for different materials. These differences are primarily caused by differences in the materials: Frequency and wavelength. Thickness and travel time. Elasticity and density Chemistry and permeability. aoe Peng it Testin; Penetrant testing is a nondestructive test, which can be used for: 2. Locating and evaluating all types of discontinuities in a test specimen. b. Locating and determining the length, width, and depth of discontinuities in a test specimen, ¢ Determining the tensile strength of a Lest specimen, 4. Locating discontinuities open to the surface © All but c above. The property of a dye used in penetrant materials to emit light of a range of wavelengths different from the wavelength of light that excites the emission is called: Emissivity, Irradiation. Blacklight, ‘Spectrum blocking. luorescence. Which of the following is not a characteristic that applies to penetrant testing? This method can accurately measure the depth of a crack or discontinuity. This method can be used for on-site testing of large parts. This method can be used to find shallow surface discontinuities | This method can be made more or less sensitive by using different penetrant materials, A red penetrant indication against white background is most likely w be seen when: a Dry developers are used. b. Visible dye penetrants are used. & Fluorescent post-emulsified penetrants are used. e Saoge Bese ‘Wet developers are used. Ultraviolet light is used with visible dye penetrants46. 47. 48, 49. 50, 51. In a penetrant test, scattered round indications on the surface of the part could be indicative of: a Fatigue cracks Porosity. © Weld laps. d. Hot tears, © Grinding cracks, a. “Developers are normally high fluorescent. dercopers furnish a contrasting background during inspection, excess penetrant has been removed. 4. Both and c above. The function of emulsifier in the post-emulsified penetrant process is to: a More rapidly drive the penetrant into deep, tight cracks, ‘React with the surface pennant to make the penetrant water-washable, Add fluorescent dye or pigment to the penetrant, Provide a coating to which diy powder developer can adhere. Emulsify surface oils and greases to facilitate their removal. Paes Eddy Current Testing Eddy current testing relies on the principle of: Magnetostricti El etic induction, Piezoelectric energy conversion. Magnetomotive force. Direct current flow in a resistive circuit. ‘When the electrical current in an eddy current coil reverses direction, the: Ppogp 2. Direction of the eddy currents in a part remains the same. b. Eddy currents inthe test part will change phase by 43 € Direction of the eddy currents in the part also reverses. 4. Eddy currents in the part remain the same. In order to generate measurable eddy currents in a test specimen, the specimen must be. a “Anelectrical conductor. b. — Anelectrical insulator. ¢. Either a conductor or insulator. d. A ferromagnetic material. e. ‘A non-magnetic material52. 53. 54, 55. 56, 57. A term used to describe the effect observed due to change in the coupling between a test specimen and a flat probe coil when the distance of separation between them is varied is: & Bil factor Edge effect. ce. End effect. ad Lift-off Coupling loss. In eddy current testing, LACS is a recognized abbreviation for: a. Induced alternating current system. b. Inductively activated comparison system. ¢. Internal applied current system. 4. International annealed copper standard. The thickness of nonconductive coatings on a conductive base can be most simply measured by: Observing the lift-off effect caused by the coating. Testing both sides of the specimen n Varyi test frequency over a given range during the test. Using & specially shaped encirling coil,” oe Itis often possible to sort various alloys of a nonmagnetic metal by means of an eddy ‘current test when: 7 at = a. There is a unique range of permeability values for each alloy. >. There is a unique range of conductivity values for each alloy. © The direction of induced eddy currents varies for each alloy. d e pees ‘The magnetic domains for each alloy are different. The alloy is slightly magnetic, but not if totally non-magnetic Neutron Radiography Testing | ‘Which of the following neutron radiography convener foils can not be used for transfer or indirect radiography? | a. __ Dysprosium. b. Indium. © — Gadolinium, | a Gold A quantitative term often used to indicate the size of the smallest detail, which can be | seen in a radiograph, is: j a. Radiographic sensitivity. i b. Radiographic definition. ©. Radiographic contrast, 4. Subject contrast.58, 59, 61 62. ‘Neutron radiography can be used for inspecting which of the following applications? Presence of explosive in a metal device. Presence of foreign materials such as oils. Lubricants in metal systems. ‘Hydrogen content in metals, All of the above. pacers Leak Testing Which of the following is an advantage of all the techniques of the bubble leak test method? The results are quantitative in nature. Limited skill and training is required for personnel. Very high sensitivity is attainable. Itis not satisfactory for detecting gross leakage, peop Which of the following is the most commonly used tracer gas for Halogen Diode Leak Testing? a Coolant #6 b, Accinte $8 c. Reagent #901 d Refrigerant R-2 ‘The passage of gas by diffusion through a solid material where there is no physical leak in the sense of an opening or defect is called: Absorption ‘Adsorption Capillary action Permeation aege Acoustic Emission Attenuation of a wave is best defined by which of the following statements? A decrease in frequency with the distance traveled, A decrease in amplitude with distance traveled. A decrease in wave speed with distance traveled. A change in direction with a function of time. Be op63, 65, 66. 67. 68, Which of the following factors will tend to produce low amplitude acoustic emission response during a tensile test? a Low ‘temperature. db. High strain rate. c Plastic deformation. 4 Crack propagation ‘Acoustic emission transducers are piezoelectric sensors, which operate at frequencies 1m: a MHz - 25 MHz b. 60 Hz - 120 Hz c 20 KHz - 1.5 MHz da 50 MHz- 100 MHz Thermal / Infrared Testing ‘Which of the following conditions would be detected with thermography’? Unbond conditions. Presence of moisture in strctures t loss from components, Leaks in flat, composite roofs. All of the above. Thermography sensors are capable of detectiig electromagnetic radiation wavelengths: a. Shorter than the x-ray and gamma ray spectrum b. Inthe visible light . cong than the radio and television wave spectrum, d . e. Paoge In the infrared Both band d. ‘Which of the following would be considered to be a contact type sensor? | a Pyromenters. b. Hand held scanners, ¢. Thermal quenched phosphor. d. —Pyroelectric vidicon cameras | ©. None of the above. | Yisual Testing | Hand held magnifiers should fall into which of the following ranges? a 2X-4X 5X-10X b. c. 10X-20X da 20X-30X © None ofthe above,70, n. ‘Which of the following is not considered to involve dimensional metrology for a visual examination? Spoep Bolt circle spacing Selection of lubricant for given bearing allowance Bevel angle limits for weld edge preparation Tolerance required for a shaft in a bearing Hole depth Visual acuity is the ability of the eye to: ppoop Resolve details Perceive light intensity Distinguish between different colors Retain images after the light source is removed Identify specific wavelengths SECTION II: MATERIALS & PROC -ESSES Which of the following statements is correct? a b. ©. a Discontinuities can propagate and become defects. All discontinuities are defects. All defects will lead to failure if undetected; discontinuities can be harmless. Discontinuities are external natural boundaries only; defects are internal flaws originating from errors in processing. ‘Most metals and plastics that are solids and have reasonable strength at room temperature are called: a Composite materials. b. Manufacturing materials. c. Raw materials. d—Allotropic materials. ¢. Engineering materials, | Tensile tests are conducted on specimens from a newly developed alloy in order to determine the ultimate tensile strength of the material. Such tests are referred to as: aeop Indirect tests. Physical properties tests Destructive tests. Proof tests.14, 15 On the diagram below, point B is called the: a Elastic range. b. Elastic limit. c Yield point. a Yield © — Modulus of elasticity. UNIT STRESS, pal lor Pa) ‘UNIT DEFORMATION Stress-strain diagram ‘Which of the following tests utilizes a pendulum to break a specimen that is notched and Supported on both ends, with the result of measuring energy absorption? inaypied mild steel, Sicup cells in a solid metallic structure, Change a mea in a metallic structure as it undergoes plastic deformation. eduction of iron ore by mixing with coke, limestone, and oxygen for combustion of the coke is accomplished in: goeece ware7B. 82, In the iron and steel making process, the term ‘pig iron” refers tot a. The waste material that contains high concentrations of impurities and slag and is either discarded or used as a by product. b. _Ahigh carbon, low ductility metal that is produced in the blast furnace which can be med to make subsequent types of iron and steel. ©. The molten metal from the blast furnace that is not usable and is poured off into a series of crude castings called “pigs”. d. Both a and e above. None of the above, Austenitic stainless steels are paramagnetic. This means that: a. Alternating current must be used when using the magnetic particle testing method. b. The steel is very dense and, relative to other steels, difficult to penetrate with x- rays. ©. Ultrasonic is the logical NIDT method to choose because of the coarse-grained nature of a paramagnetic material. 4. Allof the above are true. ©. None of the above is true. ‘The heat treatment of aluminum for the purpose of hardening and strengthening: Is not possible with aluminum alloys as they contain no carbon and cannot undergo allotropic changes. Can produce tensile strengths equivalent to some carbon steels. Requires the use of special furnaces and is rarely done as a practical application. ‘Requires that iron and carbon be alloyed for the best results. Design engineers are responsible for establishing the function, appearance, quality, and cost of a product. Regarding the role of NDT in product design, which of the following is true? a. Asa group, designers, by their training and education, are adequately informed ». SBetNIDT io establish NDE Procedures and acceptance criteria, : ‘When NDT appears necessary in a design, the designer should properly select the methods and techniques to be used by reference to NDT handbooks. ©. Designers should depend solely upon NDT personnel to establish acceptance criteria, d. None of the above is true. ‘Which of the following is true regarding solidification of molten metal in a casting mold? a. The metal cools at a constant rate, thus providing fine equiaxed grains throughout. b. Cooling takes place in phases having different rates that produce different types of grain structure in different sections of the casting. ©. Solidification occurs at a constant rate, beginning at the interior of the casting and progressing outward, 4. Thick sections tend to cool more rapidly than thin sections because thin sections consist mostly of fine equiaxed grains. aes p wsze83, 84, 85. 87. 88, Large voids of porosity in a casting can result from: Turbulent flow of the molten metal during pouring, Alloy clement segregation Molten metal boiling because of superheat, Gas evolution after solidification. During the solidification of a casting, the shrinkage that occurs 4. “May cause porosity and shrinkage cavities primarily in the outer surfaces where the metal cools first ». Requires that the pattern used be slightly smaller than the desired dimension of the finished casti ¢ May cause cavities that are enlarged by the evolution of gases. 4. May result from all of the above. Small metal supports used to support and position cores become part of a casting by fusing with the molten metal. Such devices are called: pege Core hangers. Chills, Chaplets. Risers, Patterns. The part of the casting where the gate or riser was attached: a Should be the area used to establish reference standards for future NOT examinations because this area will contain the best quality cast material. b. Provides the best quality material because of rapid cooling in this area, © Should be in the area that ‘freezes’ first, thus preventing excessive shrinkage cavities, d. May provide a concentration point for discontimuities, eaegp An assembly that has been created by joining two or more parts by one or more welds is called a: a Joint, b. Bonded structure. ©. Weld. d= Weldment. Of the following, which is not a requirement for fusion bonding? Melting Atomic closeness Atomic cleanliness Pressure Both b and c above paogp89, 90, 91. 92, 93, 95. 96, In arc welding, the electric arc is usually sustained between an electrode and the: Welding machine. Coating on the electrode. Work piece. Shielding gas. Which of the following welding processes uses a non-consumable electrode with the arc maintained in an atmosphere of inert gas? peop 2 Gas tungsten arc welding, b. Submerged arc welding © Gas metal are welding, d. — Electroslag welding. ‘Undercut on a weld pass is usually caused by: Poor operator technique. Too slow a rate of travel, causing the base metal to become too hot. Using an electrode that is too large for the current capacity of the welding machine e. All of the above. ‘Only band c above, a b ‘ 4 e Among other things, the advantageous effects of reciystallizatiofl depend upon: 2. the rate of deformation, b. the temperature at which deformation takes place. 4. all of the above. © both a and b above, Which of the following would have the least ductility? Cold-rolled stee! plate Hot-rolled steel plate © Gray cast iron d. ‘Hot-rolled aluminum plate si jabs, blooms, and billets ar: that the a three consecutive stages that the metal goes through during the production of products such as angle iron and channel iron. b. the shapes that the ingot is rolled into Por toa variety of secondary operations. § {yes of defects that occur during the hot rolling of see! three different shapes produced during typical cold rolling operations a Castings b. Extrusions © Hot-rolled flat stock d. Forgings ©. None of the above Powder metallurgy provides two unique advantages in metals processing. One is theset capability to produce shapes and objects of refractory metals that are extremely difficult oF impractical to met The ater into: ~ a economically produce metals with extremely low melting temperatures. b. produce metal shapes with controlled Poros. €. produce metals that can be easily machined by electrochemical processes. d. produce metals that are corrosion resistant. 97. Which of the following terms describe operations that bend, stretch and shape sheet metals into three-dimensional shapes without significant plastic flow and deformation? & Poms . Forming c. Drawing d—Alloftthe above e. — Bothaand b above + 18 Basic L-INI Refresher Course Revised 1/95 ‘98. ‘The acronym EDM refers to: a. engineering design materials, b. energy discharge machines. ¢. _electro~dynanhic machining d. electrical discharge machining. €. __elastomeric/diatomiC mixture. 99. The process used for shaping metals by chemical dissolution only, with selective removal accomplished by masking areas where metal is not to be removed, is called: a electrical discharge machining, b. chemical milling, ¢. electrochemical machining. Teleccoforming. none of the above. 100. Coatings are often applied to protect a material; their thickness can frequently be determined nondestructively by: a acoustic emisSion. b. eddy current c ‘wave ultrasonic techniques. 4. optical holography.