Ansys Manual

Ex.
No : 01
INTRODUCTION TO PREPROCESSING, PROCESSING &
Date :07/07/15
POST PROCESSING
Aim:
To study about finite element analysis software such as ANSYS and the various
techniques involved in the process of simulation using the software.
Introduction:
Finite element analysis first developed in 1943 by R. Courant, who utilized the Ritz
method of numerical analysis and minimization of variation calculus to obtain approximate
solutions to vibrations systems. Fem encompasses all the methods for the connecting many simple
element equations over many small sub domains, named finite elements , to approximate elements
a more complex equation over a larger domain. By the early 70’s FEA was limited to expensive
mainframe computers generally owned by the aeronautical automotive a defense and nuclear
industries. Since the rapid decline in the cost of computers and the phenomenal increase in
computing power, FEA has been developed to an incredible precession. Present day super
computers are now able to produce accurate results for all kinds of parameters.
FEA consist of a computer model of a material or design that is stressed and analyzed for
specific results. It is used in new product design and existing product refinement. A company is
able to verify a proposed design will able to perform to the clients specifications prior to
manufacturing or construction. Modifying an existing product or structure is utilized to qualify the
product or structure for a new service condition. In case of structural failure, FEA may be used to
help determine the design modifications to meet the new condition.
Finite Element Analysis Software – ANSYS:
ANSYS, Inc. is a finite element analysis and engineering simulation software (Computer –
Aided Engineering or CAE) developer that is head quartered south of Pittsburgh in the south point
business park in Cecil Township, Pennsylvania, and United states. ANSYS offers engineering
simulation solution sets in engineering simulation that a design process requires. Companies in a
wide variety of industries use ANSYS software. The tools put a virtual product through a rigorous
testing procedure (such as crashing a car into a brick wall or running for several years on a tarmac
road) before it becomes a physical object. It is utilized to solve complex problems in various fields
such as Automotive, Aerospace, Energy, Electronics and various other product design industries
and R&D departments. It is able to solve all kinds of problems from structural mechanics to
various other heat transfer problems, fluid dynamics and many other crash test analysis problems.
ANSYS have grown so much in the recent decades such that it acquired lot of other companies.
Now its product ANSYS V14.5 is recently released incorporating all kinds of software solution
necessary for every kind of analysis existing on earth. But the main drawback is that ANSYS is
Black Box Software.
1
Techniques involved in finite element analysis:
There are three basic steps in any finite element analysis software to solve any kind of
problems.
 Pre-processing
 Processing
 Post processing
Let’s see them in detail.
I. Pre-processing:
The Pre-processing is the first stage in the any analysis methods. It involves the following
steps in it.
1) Defining the element

2) Applying the material
3) Modeling the problem
4) Meshing
5) Applying boundary conditions
These are the five basic steps that are to be followed in solving a problem. The problem
may be of any type but these five steps are sure to be done.
1.1 Defining the element:
The basic concept of finite element analysis lies in the fact that the given model or the
object to be analyzed is initially divided into many number of finite elements. One of such
element is taken and solved and then it is integrated to the whole domain. So element is the
smallest piece of an object which contributes to the whole domain value. There are various
types of elements for various types of problems. Some of them listed below.
 Linear element
 Quadratic element
 Line element
 Bar element
 Beam element
 Link element
 Contact element
 Plane element
 Solid element
 Axisymmetric element
 Iso-parametric element
2
1.2 Applying the material:
The type of material is to be provided and the material constants such as young’s modulus,
poison’s ratio in structural problems. Conductivity, specific heat capacity in heat transfer
problems. Viscosity, density in fluid dynamics problems etc. the material may be isotropic,
orthographic. The corresponding material values are provided.
1.3 Modeling the problem:
The given problem is to be modelled. It may be a two dimension or three dimensioned

problem. Ansys has the various options to create and model the problem in both 2d and 3d. Also
various operations such as extrude, sweep, subtract, add can be done in the problem. Also the
given model can be modelled in any other cad packages such as creo, solid works, catia, solid
edge, pro-e and any other cad software’s that you are aware of. The ansys has most of the cad
software’s supporting it. Hence it is possible to import any models into ansys directly for
analyzing.
1.4 Meshing:
Meshing is a dis create representation of the geometry that is involved in the problem.
Essentially, it assign’s cells or smaller regions over which the problem is solved. Several parts of
the mesh are grouped into regions where boundary conditions may be applied to solve the
problem. In Ansys mesh generation is one of the most critical aspects of engineering simulation.
Too many cells may results in long solver runs, and too few many lead to inaccurate results.
Ansys meshing technology provides a means to balance these requirements and obtain the right
mesh for each simulation in the most automated way possible. Ansys meshing technology has
been built on the strength of the stand-alone, class-leading meshing tools. The strongest aspects of
these separate tools have been brought together in a single environment to produce some of the
most powerful meshing available. Consistent user controls make switching methods very straight
forward and multiple methods can be used within the same model. Mesh connectivity is
maintained automatically. Different physics requires different meshing approaches. Ansys
meshing has a physics preference setting ensuring the right mesh for each simulation.
1.5 Applying the boundary conditions:
The boundary conditions for the problem are to be defined. The boundary conditions are
necessary to solve any problem in Ansys. It may be of the following categories such as,
 Displacement
 Force/Moment
 Pressure
 Temperature
 Velocity
3
II. Processing:
The processing is the stage where the problem is solved by the software to generate the
results. There is no such manual work in this stage just to sit back and wait till the process is over.
Here the type of ansys is to be defined. It means that for example in structural problem various
types of analysis within it such as static, model, harmonic, fatigue, buckling etc… so the type of
analysis to be provided here. Then the problem is to be solved.
III. Post processing:
This is the final stage of the finite element analysis method. Using finite element software
post processing graphics capability to enhance interpretation of finite element analysis results.
This is where the results is viewed. For example the results such as displacement, stress, strain,
elasticity, reaction forces can be viewed both graphically and also the list of values. In case of heat
transfer problems the temperature distribution can be viewed and for fluid the velocity, pressure
and etc… can be easily depicted.
Result:
Thus the finite element analysis software such as ansys and the various techniques
involved in the process of simulation using Ansys software was studied.
4
Ex.No : 02 DISPLACEMENT & STRESS ANALYSIS OF A
CANTILEVER BEAM WITH DIFFERENT LOADS
Date :07/07/15
Aim:
To determine the displacement and the bending stress in the given cantilever beam under,
a) Point load
b) Uniformly distribute load (UDL)
c) Uniformly varying load (UVL)
By simulation using FEA software and verifying it with theoretical methods.
Apparatus required:
 Ansys R15 software

 Personal computer
Problem definition:
1. A cantilever beam experiences a point load at the free end in the downwards direction
whose value is 0.5KN. The span of the beam is 100mm. the cross section of the beam
is rectangle whose dimensions are 10×12mm. the value of young’s modulus and
poison’s ratio is 200GPa and 0.3.
0.5KN
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM
5
Procedure:
1. Using FEA software:
Pre-processing:
Step: 1 Selecting the area Preferences Structural ok.
of analysis
Step: 2 Defining the Pre-processor Element type Add/Edit/Delete Add
element Beam 2D Node 188
Step: 3 Defining the Cross Pre-processor Section Beam Common Section
Section Breadth : 10mm
Height : 12mm
ok
Step: 4 Defining the Pre-processor Material properties Material models
material properties Structural Linear Elastic Isotropic
Young’s modulus = 2e5 (2× ) N/mm2
Poison’s ratio = 0.3
Ok Close the dialogue box.
Step: 5 Plotting the key Pre-processor Modeling Create Key points In active
points CS
Key point number 1 ; X=0;Y=0;Z=0
Step: 6 Drawing a Straight Pre-processor Modeling Create Lines Lines
line Straight line pick the two key points
Step: 7 Defining the Pre-processor Meshing Size controls manual size
number of Lines Picked lines select the straight line enter the
elements number of divisions.(say 10)
Step: 8 Meshing the Pre-processor Meshing Mesh Lines select the straight
elements line
Step: 9 Defining the Pre-processor Loads Define loads Apply Structural
constants Displacement On nodes Select the node where the
cantilever is to be fixed Select all DOF Enter the
displacement value as 0
Step: 10 Applying the loads Pre-processor Loads Define loads Apply Structural
Force/Moment On nodes Select the node where the point
load is to be applied select by direction -500 N (-ve sign for
downward direction)
Processing:
Step: 11 Selecting the Solution Analysis type New analysis Static ok

analysis type
6
Step: 12 Solving the Solution Solve Current LS A dialog box with “solution
problem is done” is displayed if the above procedure is followed correctly.
Post-processing:
Step: 13 Determining the General post-processor Plot results Deformed shape

displacement Deformed + un deformed Max displacement value is displayed
in the left corner.
Step: 14 Determining the General post-processor Element type Define table Add
stress 1. Stress 1 By sequence numbering SMISC 33
2. Stress 2 By sequence numbering SMISC 38
Click plot results Contour plot Line element results
Element table item at node I stress 1
Element table item at node J stress 2
Click ok to see the stress variations along the beam.
7
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for Cantilever Beam with Point Load
Figure 2. Stress Plot for Cantilever Beam with Point Load

8
2) Theoretical methods:
Cantilever beam with a point load:
1) Moment of inertia I= = = 1440

Where b = breadth
h = height
2) Deflection 𝛿= = = 0.5787 mm
Where P = applied load
L = length or span of the beam
I = moment of inertia
3) Stress σ= =
= = 208.33 N/
Where M = Bending moment
y = Distance from the neutral axis
I = Moment of inertia
9
Problem definition:
2. A cantilever beam experiences a uniformly distributed load throughout the beam in the
downwards direction whose value is 0.1KN/mm. The span of the beam is 100. The cross
section of the beam is rectangle whose dimensions are 10×12mm. the value of young’s
modulus and poisons ratio is 200GPa and 0.3.
Procedure:
Pre-processing:
of analysis
Height : 12mm
ok
points CS
10
elements line
pressure On beams Select all the elements where the
UDL is to be applied Element Set No = 2 Pressure value at
node I = 100N/mm
(Even though the UDL is in downward direction do not include –
ve sign while giving the value i.e., do not enter as -100.
Here –ve refers to upward direction)
Processing:
analysis type
Post-processing:

in the left corner.
stress 1. Stress 1 By sequence numbering SMISC 33
2. Stress 2 By sequence numbering SMISC 38
11
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for Cantilever Beam with Uniform Distributed Load
Figure 2. Stress Plot for Cantilever Beam with Uniform Distributed Load
12
2. Theoretical methods:
Cantilever beam with a uniformly distributed load:

Where b = breadth
h = height
3) Stress σ= =
= = 2083.33 N/
13
Problem definition:
3) A cantilever beam experiences a uniformly varying load throughout the beam in the
downwards direction whose maximum value is 0.5 KN/mm .The span of the beam is 100mm.The cross
section of the beam is rectangle whose dimensions are 10×12mm.The value of Young’s modulus and
poisson ratio are 200Gpa and 0.3.
Procedure:
1.Using FEA software:
Pre-Processing:
Step:1 Selecting the area of Preferences Structural OK
analysis
Step:2 Defining the element Pre-processor Element type Add/Edit/Delete Add
Beam 2D Node 188
Step:3 Defining the Cross Pre-processor Section Beam Common Section
Height : 12mm
ok
Step:4 Defining the material Pre-processor Material properties Material models
properties Structural Linear Elastic Isotropic
Step:5 Plotting the key points Pre-Processor Modelling create keypoints In Active CS
Key
Step:6 Drawing a straight line Pre-Processor Modelling Create Lines Straight line
Pick the two points
Step:7 Defining the number of Pre-Processor Meshing Size controls Manual size
elements Lines Picked lines Select the straight line Enter the
number of division (Say 10)
14
Step: 8 Meshing the elements Pre-Processor  Meshing  Mesh  Lines  Select the Straight
Line
Step: 9 Defining the Constraints Pre-processor Loads Define loads Apply Structural
Displacement On nodes Select the node where the
Pre-processor Loads Define loads Apply Structural
Step: 10 Applying the Loads pressure On beams Select all the elements where the
2
node I = 0N/mm
Pressure value at node J = 500N/mm2
Processing:
Step: 11 Selecting the Analysis Solution  Analysis type  New Analysis  Static Ok
type
Step: 12 Solving the Problem

Solution  Solve  Current LS  A Dialog box with “Solution is
done” is displayed if the above procedure is followed Correctly.
Post-Processing:
Step: 13 Determining the General Postprocessor  Plot results  Deformed shape 

Displacement Deformed + Un deformed  Max displacement value is displaced
in the left center.
Step: 14 Determining the Stress General Postprocessor  Element Table  Define Table  Add
1. Stress 1  By sequence numbering  SMISC,33
2. Stress 2  By sequence numbering  SMISC,38
Click Plot results  Counter Plot  Line Elem Res 
Element table item at Node I  Stress 1
Element table item at Node J  Stress 2
Click Ok to see the Stress variations along the Beam.
15
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for Cantilever Beam with Uniform Varying Load
16
Figure 2. Stress Plot for Cantilever Beam with Uniform Varying Load
Cantilever beam with a uniformly varying load:

Where b = breadth
h = height
3) Stress σ= =
= = 6944.44 N/
17
Comparison of Results:
S.No Description FEA Simulation Theoretical % Deviation

results results
Case 1: cantilever beam with a point load
1. Deflection (mm) 0.5787 0.5787 0
2. Stress (N/ ) 208.33 208.33 0
Case 2: cantilever beam with a uniformly distributed load
1. Deflection (mm) 4.34 4.34 0
2. Stress (N/ ) 2083 2083 1.54×
Case 3: cantilever beam with a uniformly varying load
1. Deflection (mm) 15.914 15.914 0
2. Stress (N/ ) 6944 6944 6.336×
Result:
Thus the displacement value and the bending stress value is calculated for the given
cantilever beam under point load, uniformly distributed load (UDL) and uniformly varying load
(UVL) by FEA simulation using ansys software and is verified with theoretical results.
18
Ex.No : 03
DISPLACEMENT & STRESS ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLY
Date :14/07/15
SUPPORTED BEAM WITH DIFFERENT LOADS
Aim:
To determine the displacement and the bending stress in the given simply supported beam
under,
1) Point load
2) Uniformly distribute load (UDL)
3) Uniformly varying load (UVL)
By simulation using FEA software and verifying it with theoretical methods.
Apparatus required:

Problem definition:
1) A simply supported beam experiences a point load at the middle in the downwards
direction whose value is 0.5kN. The span of the beam is 100mm. the cross section of the
beam is rectangle whose dimensions are 10×12mm. the value of young’s modulus and
poison’s ratio is 200GPa and 0.3.
19
Procedure:
Pre-processing:

of analysis
Height : 12mm
ok
points CS
elements line
constants Displacement On nodes Select the node where the support is
to be given Select UY Enter the displacement value as 0
Force/Moment On nodes Select the node where the point
load is to be applied select by direction -500 N (-ve sign for
downward direction)
Processing:

analysis type
20
Step: 12 Solving the Solution Solve Current LS A dialog box with “solution is
problem done” is displayed if the above procedure is followed correctly.
Post-processing:

in the left corner.
stress 1. Stress 1 By sequence numbering SMISC, 33
2. Stress 2 By sequence numbering SMISC, 38
21
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for Simply Supported Beam with Point Load
Figure 2. Stress Plot for Simply Supported Beam with Point Load
22
Simply supported beam with a point load:

Where b = breadth
h = height
3) Stress σ= =
= = 208.33 N/
23
Problem definition:
3. A simply supported beam experiences a uniformly distributed load throughout the beam in
the downwards direction whose value is 0.1KN/mm. The span of the beam is 100. The
cross section of the beam is rectangle whose dimensions are 10×12mm. the value of
young’s modulus and poisons ratio is 200GPa and 0.3.
Procedure:
Pre-processing:

of analysis
Height : 12mm
ok
points CS
24
elements line
support is to be given Select all UY Enter the displacement
value as 0
pressure On beams Select all the elements where the
node I = 100N/mm
Processing:

analysis type
Post-processing:

in the left corner.
25
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for Simply Supported Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load
Figure 2. Stress Plot for Simply Supported Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load
26
Simply supported beam with a uniformly distributed load:

Where b = breadth
h = height
3) Stress σ= =
= = 520.833 N/
27
Problem definition:
3. A simply supported beam experiences a uniformly varying load throughout the beam in
the downwards direction whose maximum value is 0.5kN/mm. The span of the beam is
100. The cross section of the beam is rectangle whose dimensions are 10×12mm. the value
of young’s modulus and poisons ratio is 200GPa and 0.3.
Procedure:
Pre-processing:

of analysis
Height : 12mm
ok
points CS
28
elements line
constants Displacement On nodes Select the node where the support is
to be given Select all UY Enter the displacement value as 0
pressure On beams Select each elements where the UVL is
to be applied Divide the maximum UVL value by number of
elements and enter each value in ranges.
For first element:
Pressure value at node I = 0 N/mm
Pressure value at node J = 50 N/mm
For second element:
And so on for all the elements.
(Even though the UVL is in downward direction do not include –
ve sign while giving the value i.e., do not enter as -100. Here –ve
refers to upward direction)
Processing:

analysis type
Post-processing:

in the left corner.
29
30
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for Simply Supported Beam with Uniformly Varying Load
Figure 2. Stress Plot for Simply Supported Beam with Uniformly Varying Load
31
Simply supported beam with a uniformly varying load:

Where b = breadth
h = height
2) Deflection 𝛿= =
= 1.1319mm
3) Stress σ= =
= = 1333.33 N/
32

results results
Case 1: simply supported beam with a point load
1. Deflection (mm) 0.036169 0.036169 0
2. Stress (N/ ) 52.083 52.083 0
Case 2: simply supported beam with a uniformly distributed load
1. Deflection (mm) 0.452112 0.452112 0
2. Stress (N/ ) 520.833 520.833 0
Case 3: simply supported beam with a uniformly varying load
1. Deflection (mm) 1.13 1.13 1.6786×
2. Stress (N/ ) 1333 1333 2.475×
Result:
Thus the displacement value and the bending stress value is calculated for the given
simply supported beam under point load, uniformly distributed load (UDL) and uniformly varying
load (UVL) by FEA simulation using ansys software and is verified with theoretical results.
33
Ex.No: 04
Date:14/07/15 DISPLACEMENT & STRESS ANALYSIS OF A FIXED
BEAM WITH DIFFERENT LOADS
Aim:
To determine the displacement and the bending stress in the given fixed beam under
1) Point load
2) Uniformly Distributed Load
3) Uniformly Varying Load
Apparatus required:
a) Ansys R15 Software

b) Personal Computer
Problem Definition:
1) A fixed beam experiences a point load at the centre in the downwards direction whose
value is 0.5KN. The span of the beam is 100mm. The cross section of the beam is
rectangle whose dimensions are 10 12mm. The value of young’s modulus and poisons
ratio is 200GPa and 0.3.
34
Procedure:
1. Using FEA software
Pre-Processing:
Step: 1 Selecting the area Preferences Structural ok

of analysis.
element. Beam 2D Node 188
Height : 12mm
ok
Step: 5 Plotting the key Pre-processor Modeling Create Key points In
points active CS

number of elements Lines Picked lines select the straight line enter the
number of divisions.(say 10)
Step: 8 Meshing the Pre-processor Meshing Mesh Lines select the

elements straight line
Step: 9 Defining the Pre-processor Loads Define loads Apply

constants Structural Displacement On nodes Select the node
where the beam is to be fixed Select all DOF Enter the
35
Step: 10 Applying the loads Pre-processor Loads Define loads Apply
Structural Force/Moment On nodes Select the node
where the point load is to be applied select by direction -
500 N (-ve sign for downward direction)
Processing:
analysis type
Step: 12 Solving the Solution Solve Current LS A dialog box with

problem “solution is done” is displayed if the above procedure is
followed correctly.
Post-processing:
displacement Deformed + un deformed Max displacement value is
displayed in the left corner.
Step: 14 Determining the General post-processor Element type Define table

stress Add
36
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for Fixed Beam with Point Load
Figure 2. Stress Plot for Fixed Beam with Point Load
37
Fixed beam with a point load:

Where b = breadth
h = height
2) Deflection 𝛿= = = 0.0090422 mm
3) Stress σ= =
= = 26.042 N/
38
Problem definition:
1) A fixed beam experiences a uniformly distributed load throughout the beam in the
downwards direction whose value is 0.1KN/mm. The span of the beam is 100. The cross
section of the beam is rectangle whose dimensions are 10×12mm. the value of young’s
modulus and poisons ra]]tio is 200GPa and 0.3.
0.1 KN / mm
Procedure:
Pre-processing:

of analysis
Height : 12mm
ok
39
points CS
elements line
constants Displacement On nodes Select the node where the beam is to
be fixed Select all DOF Enter the displacement value as 0
pressure On beams Select all the elements where the UDL is
to be applied Pressure value at node I = 100N/mm
Processing:

analysis type
Post-processing:

in the left corner.
40
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for Fixed Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load
Figure 2. Stress Plot for Fixed Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load
41
Fixed beam with a uniformly distributed load:

Where b = breadth
h = height
3) Stress σ= =
= = 347.222 N/
42
Problem definition:
2) A fixed beam experiences a uniformly varying load throughout the beam in the
downwards direction whose maximum value is 0.5kN/mm. The span of the beam is 100.
The cross section of the beam is rectangle whose dimensions are 10×12mm. the value of
young’s modulus and poisons ratio is 200GPa and 0.3.
0.5KN/mm
Procedure:
Pre-processing:

of analysis
Height : 12mm
ok
points CS
43
elements line
constants Displacement On nodes Select the node where the beam is to
be fixed Select all DOF Enter the displacement value as 0
pressure On beams Select each elements where the UVL is
to be applied Divide the maximum UVL value by number of
elements and enter each value in ranges.
For first element:
For second element:
And so on for all the elements.
(Even though the UVL is in downward direction do not include –
ve sign while giving the value i.e., do not enter as -100. Here –ve
refers to upward direction)
Processing:

analysis type
Post-processing:

in the left corner.
44
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for Fixed Beam with Uniformly Varying Load
Figure 2. Stress Plot for Fixed Beam with Uniformly Varying Load
45
Simply supported beam with a uniformly varying load:

Where b = breadth
h = height
2) Deflection 𝛿= =
= 0.316479 mm
3) Stress σ= =
= = 1085.06944 N/
46

results results
Case 1: Fixed beam with a point load
1. Deflection (mm) 0.0090422 0.0090422 0
2. Stress (N/ ) 26.042 26.042 0
Case 2: Fixed beam with a uniformly distributed load
1. Deflection (mm) 0.090422 0.090422 0
2. Stress (N/ ) 347.222 347.222 0
Case 3: Fixed beam with a uniformly varying load
1. Deflection (mm) 0.316479 0.316479 0
2. Stress (N/ ) 1085 1085.06944 6.4×
Result:
Thus the displacement value and the bending stress value is calculated for the given fixed
beam under point load, uniformly distributed load (UDL) and uniformly varying load (UVL) by
FEA simulation using ansys software and is verified with theoretical results.
47
Ex.No : 5
DISPLACEMENT & STRESS ANALYSIS OF A TWO
Date:21/07/15 DIMENSIONAL TRUSS
Aim:
To determine the displacement, bending stress and the reaction forces in the given two
dimensional truss by simulation using FEA software and verifying it with theoretical methods.
Apparatus required:

Problem definition:
A two dimensional truss is given below in the figure. Various loads acting on the truss are
given in the detail. The cross section on the truss to be taken as 200mm2. One end of the truss is
fixed while the other end has a roller support.
48
Procedure:
Pre-processing:
of analysis
element link Link 180
Step: 3 Adding the real Pre-processor Real constants Element type
constants Add/Edit/Delete Add ok
Cross sectional area = 200
material properties Structural Linear Elastic Isotropic Young’s
modulus = 2e5 (2× ) N/mm2
points active CS
Step: 6 Drawing a Pre-processor Modeling Create Lines Lines
Straight line Straight line pick the two key points

Step: 8 Meshing the Pre-processor Meshing Mesh Lines select the

elements straight line

constants Structural Displacement On nodes Select the node as
per the problem Select the proper load condition Enter
the displacement
Step: 10 Applying the Pre-processor Loads Define loads Apply
loads Structural Force/Moment On nodes Select the node
where the point load is to be applied select by direction
Key point number 6 ; 20000
(-ve sign for downward direction)
Processing:

analysis type
49
followed correctly.
Post processing:


stress Add
2. Stress 1 By sequence numbering LS 1
3. Stress 2 By sequence numbering LS 2
50
Figure 1. Deflection Plot for two dimensional truss
Figure 2. stress Plot for two dimensional truss
51
Result:
Thus the displacement, bending stress and the reaction forces in the given two dimensional
truss by simulation using FEA software and verifying it with theoretical results.
52
Ex.No : 6
DISPLACEMENT & STRESS ANALYSIS OF A BICYCLE
Date:04/08/15 FRAME
Aim:
To determine the displacement and the stresses included in a given model of a bicycle
frame under static loading conditions by simulation using FEA software.
Apparatus required:

Problem definition:
The top, front and side view of a bicycle frame with its dimensions are given below. The
loading conditions are also provided in the given figure. The cross section of the frame is a hollow
cylinder whose outer diameter is 50 mm and inner diameter is 45 mm. a 600N load of a human
being is applied at the top and the force applied to the pedal is given at the bottom as 200N. The
left most end is fixed for translation and rotation in all directions but it is free to rotate about y
axis. The right most end is fixed for rotation and translation in all direction except for translation
along x axis. All the dimensions are in mm.
53
Procedure:

Pre-processing:

of analysis
element pipe Pipe 288
Step: 3 Defining the Pre-processor Section pipe Add Pipe ID 1
Cross Section Pipe Diameter : 50mm
Wall Thickness : 5mm
ok
2
modulus = 2e5 (2× ) N/mm
points active CS
Step: 6 Drawing a Pre-processor Modeling Create Elements
Straight line Through nodes Pick the nodes individually and connect
them together
constraints Structural Displacement On nodes Select the nodes
where the constrained Enter the displacement value as 0

loads Structural Force/Moment On nodes Select the node
where the point load is to be applied select by direction
-600N and -200N
Processing:

analysis type
followed correctly.
54
Post processing:

stress Add
Stress 1 stress Vonmises SEQV
55
Figure 1. Deflection plot for Bicycle Frame
Figure 2. Stress plot for Bicycle Frame
56
Result:
To determine the displacement value and the bending stress value is calculated for the
given model of a bicycle frame under by simulation using FEA software is done.
57
Ex.No : 7 STRESS ANALYSIS OF PLATE WITH HOLE
Date:11/08/15
Aim:
To model and analyse the stresses distribution of a plate with a hole.
Apparatus required:

Problem definition:
 A square plate with hole and its dimensions and pressure are given below. The thickness
of the plate is 10mm. Find out the stress values for the hole diameters: 10mm, 20mm,
30mm, 40mm, 50mm.
Procedure:
Pre-processing:
of analysis
element solid 4 node quadratic 42 options element behavior
plane stress with thickness
Step: 3 Adding the real Pre-processor Real constants Element type
constants Add/Edit/Delete Add ok thickness of the
plate = 10mm
modulus = 2e5 (2× ) N/mm2
Step: 5 Creating the Pre-processor Modeling Create Area Rectangle
model By two corners specify:
X=0;Y=0: width = 100mm; height = 100mm
Create Area Circle Solid circle specify:
X=0;Y=0; radius = 5mm
Operate Boolean Subtract select the rectangle area
first then select ok then select the circle and select ok.
Step: 6 Meshing the Pre-processor Meshing Mesh tool Fine mesh
model Pick the area ok.
58
loads Structural Pressure On lines Specify:
Pressure = 10MPa
Processing:

analysis type
followed correctly.
Post processing:
Step: 11 Determining the General post-processor Plot results Contour plot

displacement Stress Vanmises stress ok.
59
Figure 1. ELEMENT SOLUTION R5
60
61
62
Theoretical calculations:
For hole of diameter 10mm:
 a/w = 10/200 = 0.5

where,
a = diameter of the hole = 10mm
w = width of the plate = 200mm
 σnom =
where,
p = pressure on the line x area = 100×10×200
p = 2×105 N
h = thickness of the plate = 10mm
σnom = = 105.263 N/mm2
 Kt = = = 2.806
Tabulation:
a W a/w Kt
10 200 0.05 295.375 105.263 2.806
20 200 0.1 303.733 111.111 2.734
30 200 0.15 325.095 117.64 2.763
40 200 0.2 341.514 125.00 2.732
50 200 0.25 364.265 133.33 2.732
63
Graph:
Kt vs a/w
2.81
2.8
2.79
2.78
2.77
2.76
2.75
2.74
2.73
2.72
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
Result:
Thus the stress distribution in the plate with a hole was analysed and compared with stress
Concentration factor.
64
Ex.No:08
STRESS ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE VESSEL
Date:18/08/15
Aim:
To model and analyse the stresses distribution of a plate with a hole.
Apparatus required:

Problem definition:
 The pressure vessel with dimensions and pressure are given below. The left and the bottom
ends have roller support. The pressure is applied to the curved area alone. Find out the
value the value of stress in the pressure vessel.
65
Procedure:
Pre-processing:
of analysis
element solid Quad 4 node 182 options element behavior
Axisymmetric
2
modulus = 2e5 (2× ) N/mm
Step: 4 Creating the Pre-processor Modelling Create Area Rectangle
Create Area Circle partial annulus specify:

X=0;Y=300;
Radius1=105mm,Theta-1=0˚
Radius2=100mm,Theta-2=90˚
Operate Boolean Add Areas select the all areas
and select ok.
Step: 6 Applying the Pre-processor Loads

loads  Loads Define loads Apply Structural
Displacement On lines Select bottom most
line select UY enter the displacement value as
0.
 Loads Define loads Apply Structural

Displacement On lines Select top left most
line select UX enter the displacement value as
0.
 Pre-processor Loads Define loads Apply

Structural Pressure On lines enter the
pressure value as 10MPa.
Processing:
analysis type
followed correctly.
66
Post processing:
Step: 9 Determining the General post-processor Plot results Read result

displacement First set
 General post-processor Plot results Contour
plot nodal solution Stress select X
component stress ok
 Select plot controls style Symmetry expansion
2D Axisymmetric ¾ expansion ok

plot nodal solution Stress select Y
component stress ok

plot nodal solution Stress select Z
component stress ok
67
Figure 1. Z Component Stress
Figure 2. Y Component Stres
68
Figure 3. X Component Stress
69
Hoop or circumferential stress:
Fc =
Where,
D = internal diameter of the cylinder = 200mm
T = thickness of wall of the cylinder = 5mm
p = internal fluid pressure = 100N/mm2
Fc = = 2000N/mm2
Longitudinal or axial stress:
Fc = = 1000N/mm2
Tabulation:
S.no Stress Lateral Longitudinal Circumferential

(X) (Y) (Z)
1. Ansys values in N/mm2 1018 1282 2075
2. Theoretical stress N/ - 1000 2000
3. % Deviation - 0.2199 0.03614
Result:
Thus the stress analysis of pressure vessel was analysed.
70
Ex.no : 9
STRESS ANALYSIS OF L-BRACKET
Date: 25/08/15
Aim:
To model and analyse the stress and deflection of L-Bracket using Ansys software.
Apparatus required:

Problem definition:
 An L-Bracket with holes and its dimensions are given below. The hole on the topis fixed
and the pressure of 10MPa is applied to the bottom hole. Find out the stress value for
L-Bracket.
ALL DIMENSIONS
ARE IN MM
10 MPa
71
Procedure:
Pre-processing:
of analysis
element solid Quad 4 node 182 options element
behavior plane stress with thickness
Step: 3 Adding real Pre-processor Real constants Add/Edit/Delete Add
constants ok thickness of the plate=5mm
Step: 5 Creating the Pre-processor Modelling Create Area Rectangle
Create Area Circle solid circle specify:
X=0;Y=70; width = -70mm; height = 30mm
Create line line fillet.
 Select two lines in between where the fillet should
occur then specify radius =5mm ok.
 Then, menu bar plot control area.
 To create the outer fillet the same procedure is
followed.
To create solid circle:

 Create area solid circle specify:
X=15;Y=0: radius = 15mm;
X=-70;Y=85: radius = 15mm;
X=0;Y=15: radius = 5mm;
X=-70;Y=85: radius = 5mm;
To create area by line:

 Menu bar plot control line.
 Create area arbitrary by lines select the
lines.
To combine all the areas into a single required area:

 Modelling Operate Boolean Add select
all the areas and select ok.
 Modelling Operate Boolean subtract
select the total area first apply select the
unwanted area ok.
72
loads Structural displacement symmetry BC On lines
Specify: Pressure=10MPa
Processing:

analysis type
followed correctly.
Post processing:
Step: 10 Determining the General post-processor Plot results Contour plot

stress diagram stress Vonmises stress ok.
73
Figure 1. Stress Induced in L - Bracket
Figure 2. Displacement in L - Bracket
74
Result:
Thus the deflection and stress analysis of L-Bracket were analysed.
75
Ex. No. 10
MODE FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM,
SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM AND FIXED BEAM
Date: 01/09/15
Aim:
To determine the Natural frequencies of the

1) Cantilever beam
2) Simply supported beam
3) Fixed beam
For the first three modes by simulation using FEA software and verifying it with theoretical
methods.
Apparatus required:

Problem Definition:
1.) A cantilever beam has a span of 100mm. The cross section of the beam is rectangle
whose dimensions are 10x12mm. The value of young’s modulus and poisons ratio is 200GPa and
0.3. Assume the material of the beam to be C-45 steel of density 7840 kg/m3.
76
Procedure:
Using FEA software:
Pre-Processing:
Selecting the area
Step: 1 Preferences Structural ok
of analysis
Defining the Pre-processor Element type Add/Edit/Delete Add
Step: 2
Pre-processor Material properties Material models
Defining the Structural Linear Elastic Isotropic
Step: 3
material properties Young’s modulus = 2e5 (2x105) N/mm2
Poisons ratio = 0.3 Density = 7.84e-06 (kg/mm3)
Pre-processor Modelling Create Keypoints In active
Plotting the key CS
Step: 4
points Key point number: 1 ; X=0,Y=0,Z=0
Key point number: 2 ; X=100,Y=0,Z=0
Drawing a Straight Pre-processor Modelling Create Lines Lines Straight
Step: 5
line line pick the two keypoints
Meshing the Pre-processor Meshing Mesh Tool Smart Size Fine
Step: 6
elements Select the straight line ok
Pre-processor Loads Define Loads Apply Structural
Defining the Displacement On Nodes Select the node where the
Step: 7
Constraints cantilever is to be fixed select All DOF Enter the
Processing:-
Selecting the
Step: 8 Solution Analysis Type New Analysis Modal ok
analysis type
Defining the Solution Analysis Options Block Lanczos
Step: 9 number of modes No. of modes to extract: 3
of frequency No. of modes to expand: 3 ok
Step: Solving the Solution Solve Current LS A dialog box with “Solution is
10 problem done” is displayed if the above procedure is followed correctly.
Post-processing:-
Read results First Set
General Postproc Plot results Deformed Shape
Def +Undeformed Frequency along with deflection value is
Step: Determining the
shown for first mode
11 frequency
For next mode, Read Results Next set
And view the results in the plot results Deformed shape
Results Summary To view all the frequency values
77
Figure 1. I Mode Frequency plot for Cantilever Beam
Figure 2. II Mode Frequency plot for Cantilever Beam
78
Figure 3. III Mode Frequency plot for Cantilever Beam
79
Theoretical Calculations:-
Cantilever beam:-
Frequency = C √ =C√
Where,
E = Young’s modulus (2e-05 N/mm2)
I= = = 1440 mm4
Where, b = breadth
h = height
L = Beam length = 100 mm
Mass = Density x volume = 7.84e-06 x 12 x 10 x 100
= 0.09408 kg
C = Constant
(For Cantilever beam first mode = 0.56
Second mode = 3.51
Third mode = 9.82)
For first mode,
Frequency, f = 0.56 √ = 30.984 Hz
For Second mode,
Frequency, f = 3.51 √ = 194.202 Hz
For Third mode,
Frequency, f = 9.82 √ = 543.324 Hz
80
Problem Definition:
2.) A simply supported beam has a span of 100mm. The cross section of the beam is
rectangle whose dimensions are 10x12mm. The value of young’s modulus and poisons ratio is
200GPa and 0.3. Assume the material of the beam to be C-45 steel of density 7840 kg/m3.
Procedure:
Using FEA software:
Pre-Processing:
Selecting the area

of analysis
Defining the Pre-processor Element Type Add/Edit/Delete Add

Step: 2
element Beam 2D node
Structural Linear Elastic Isotropic
Defining the
Step: 3 Young’s modulus = 2e5 (2x105) N/mm2
material properties
Poisons ratio = 0.3
Density = 7.84e-06 kg/mm3
Plotting the key CS
Step: 4
Drawing a Straight Pre-processor Modelling Create Lines Lines
Step: 5
line Straight line pick the two keypoints

Step: 6
Step: 7
Defining the
Constraints
Displacement On Nodes Select the node where the simply
81
supported is to be fixed select Uy alone
Enter the displacement value as 0
Processing:-
Selecting the
analysis type
Step: 9 number of modes No. of modes to extract: 3
of frequency No. of modes to expand: 3 ok
Step: Solving the Solution Solve Current LS A dialog box with “Solution
10 problem is done” is displayed if the above procedure is followed correctly.
Post-processing:-

11 frequency
82
Figure 1. I Mode Frequency plot for Simply Supported Beam
Figure 2. II Mode Frequency plot for Simply Supported Beam
83
Figure 3. III Mode Frequency plot for Simply Supported Beam
84
Simply Supported beam:-
Where,
I= = = 1440 mm4
Where, b = breadth
h = height
= 0.09408 kg
C = Constant
(For Simply supported beam first mode = 1.57
Second mode = 6.28
Third mode = 14.14)
For first mode,
Frequency, f = 1.57 √ = 86.865 Hz
For Second mode,
Frequency, f = 6.28 √ = 347.462 Hz
For Third mode,
Frequency, f = 14.14 √ = 782.342 Hz
85
Problem Definition:
3.) A fixed beam has a span of 100mm. The cross section of the beam is rectangle whose
dimensions are 10x12mm. The value of young’s modulus and poisons ratio is 200GPa and 0.3.
Assume the material of the beam to be C-45 steel of density 7840 kg/m3.
Procedure:
Using FEA software:
Pre-Processing:
Selecting the area

of analysis

Step: 2
element Beam 2D node
Defining the
material properties
Poisons ratio = 0.3
Density = 7.84e-06 Kg/mm3
Plotting the key CS
Step: 4
Drawing a Straight Pre-processor Modelling Create Lines Lines
Step: 5
line Straight line pick the two keypoints

Step: 6
86
Defining the Displacement On Nodes Select the node where the fixed
Step: 7
Constraints beam is to be fixed select All DOF
Enter the displacement value as 0
Processing:-
Selecting the
analysis type
Step: 9 number of modes No. of modes to extract: - 3
of frequency No. of modes to expand: - 3 ok
Step: Solving the Solution Solve Current LS A dialog box with “Solution
10 problem is done” is displayed if the above procedure is followed correctly.
Post-processing:-

11 frequency
87
Figure 1. I Mode Frequency plot for Fixed Beam
Figure 2. II Mode Frequency plot for Fixed Beam
88
`
Figure 3. III Mode Frequency plot for Fixed Beam
89
Fixed beam:-
Where,
I= = = 1440 mm4
Where, b = breadth
h = height
= 0.09408 kg
C = Constant
(For fixed beam first mode = 3.56
Second mode = 9.82
Third mode = 19.24)
For first mode,
Frequency, f = 3.56 √ = 196.968 Hz
For Second mode,
Frequency, f = 9.82 √ = 543.324 Hz
For Third mode,
Frequency, f = 19.24 √ = 1064.517 Hz
90
Comparison of Results:-
FEA Simulation Theoretical

S.No. Description results Results % Deviation
Cycles/Second Cycles/Second
Case:1 Cantilever beam
1. I Mode frequency 30.878 30.98 3.29 x10-3
2. II Mode frequency 190.96 194.20 17 x10-3
3. III Mode frequency 403.873 543.32 32.21 x 10-3
Case:2 Simply Supported Beam
1. I Mode frequency 86.469 86.86 4.6 x 10-3
2. II Mode frequency 343.69 347.46 10.85 x 10-3
3. III Mode frequency 824.77 782.34 -54.23 x 10-3
Case:3 Fixed Beam
1. I Mode frequency 196.37 196.97 3.046 x 10-3
2. II Mode frequency 538.58 543.32 8.72 x 10-3
3. III Mode frequency 835.39 1064.52 215.24 x 10-3
Result:
Thus the natural frequencies of various beams for three modes have been obtained by FEA
analysis using Ansys Software and verified with the theoretical results.
91
Ex. No. 11
MODAL ANALYSIS OF A 2D CANTILEVER PLATE
Date:08/09/15
Aim:
To model and analyse the frequency of a 2D cantilever plate using ANSYS software.
Apparatus required:

Problem Definition:
The cantilever plate with its dimensions are given below. One side of the plate is fixed.
Find the modal frequencies.
92
Procedure:
Using FEA software:
Pre-Processing:
Selecting the area
of analysis
Pre-processor Element Type Add/Edit/Delete Add
Defining the
Step: 2 Solid 4 Node 182
element
Option Element behaviour plane stress with thickness.
Adding Real Pre-processor Real constants Add/Edit/Delete Add ok
Step: 3
constants Thickness = 10 mm
Defining the
material properties
Poisson’s ratio = 0.3
Density = 7.8e-6 kg/mm3
Modelling Create area rectangle by 2 corners
specify :
Step: 5 Drawing the area
X=0, Y=0
Width = 100 mm, Height = 50 mm
Step: 6 Meshing Meshing mesh tool fine mesh pick the area ok.
Pre-processor Loads define loads apply structural
Step: 7 Applying the loads displacement on lines select one side all dof enter the
displacement value as 0 ok.
Processing:-
Solution Analysis Type New Analysis Modal ok
Selecting the
Step: 8 Loads Analysis Type Analysis options enter the no. of
analysis type
modes to extract and no of modes to expand as 3 ok.
Solving the Solution Solve Current LS A dialog box with “Solution
Step: 9
Post-processing:-
General Postproc Read results First set.
General Postproc Plot results Deformed shape Def
shape only.
General Postproc Read results Next set.
General Postproc Plot results Deformed shape Def
10 frequency
shape only.
The steps 3 and 4 are repeated for 3 times and the deformation is
noted for each mode.
93
Figure 1. Deflection for first Mode
Figure 2. Deflection for second Mode
94
Figure 3. Deflection for third Mode
95
Tabulation:
Modes First Second Third
Frequency
110.793 402.062 422.899
(Hz)
Deflection
3.073 2.287 3.178
(mm)
Result:
Thus the modal frequency of a cantilever plate was found and analysed using Ansys
software.
96
Ex. No. 12
CONDUCTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A COMPOSITE
WALL AND A CIRCULAR FIN
Date:15/09/15
Aim:
To model and analyse the heat transfer in a composite wall and a circular fin using
ANSYS software.
Apparatus required:

Problem Definition:
1. A composite wall is made of steel, brass, and glass. The innermost temperature near the steel is
8000C and the outer atmospheric temperature is 300C. The area of the wall is 100mm2.
K for steel = 0.045 W/mm2.0C
K for brass = 0.005 W/mm2.0C
K for glass = 0.001 W/mm2.0C
97
Procedure:
Using FEA software:
Pre-Processing:
Selecting the area
Step: 1 Preferences Thermal ok
of analysis
Step: 2
element link 3D conduction 33
Adding Real Pre-processor Real constants Add/Edit/Delete Add ok
Step: 3
constants Area = 100 mm2
Thermal Thermal conductivity. K = 0.045 W/mm2.0C
Defining the New material Thermal Thermal conductivity
Step: 4
material properties K = 0.005 W/mm2.0C
New material Thermal Thermal conductivity
K = 0.001 W/mm2.0C
Pre-processor Modelling Create Nodes In Active CS
specify :
Node number1: X=0, Y=0
Step: 5 Creating the Nodes
Node number2: X=50,Y=0
Pre-processor Modelling Create Elements Element
attributes Select the material property 1 Thru nodes
Select the first two nodes (1&2)
Creating the
Step: 6 Then select the material property 2 Thru nodes Select the
element
next two nodes (2&3)
Then select the material property 3 Thru nodes Select the
remaining two nodes (3&4)
Pre-processor Loads define loads apply Thermal
Temperature on nodes select first node temp enter
Step: 7 Applying the loads
the temperature value as 800 ok.
Select the last node temp enter the value as 30 ok.
Processing:-
Selecting the Solution Analysis Type SteadyState ok
Step: 8
analysis type
Step: 9
Post-processing:-
Step: Determining the General Postproc Plot results Contour plot Nodal
10 nodal temperature solution DOF solution Nodal temperature ok.
98
Figure 1. Temperature Distribution plot for Composite Wall
99
Theoretical Calculations:
Heat Transfer, Q= / Rtotal
Thermal resistance, Rtotal = R1+ R2 + R3
R1 = L1/ k1 A1 = 50/ ( 0.045 x 100 ) = 11.11 (w/K)-1s
R2 = L2/ k2 A2 = 30/ ( 0.005 x 100 ) = 60 (w/K)-1
R3 = L3/ k3 A3 = 20/ ( 0.001 x 100 ) = 200 (w/K)-1
R total = R1 + R2 + R3 = 11.11 + 60 + 200 = 271.11 (w/K)-1
Heat transfer , Q = / Rtotal = ( 800-30 ) / 271.11 = 2.84 W
Intermediate Temperature between Steel and Brass ( T3 ):
Q = (T1 – T3) / R1
2.84 = ( 800 – T3 ) / 11.11
T3 = 768.44 C
Intermediate Temperature between Brass and Glass ( T4 ) :
Q = ( T3 – T4 ) / R2
2.84 = ( 768.44 – T4 ) / 60
T4 = 598.44 C
Tabulation:
Temperature (0C) Temperature (0C)

Node
Ansys Theoretical
Inner most 800 800
Junction between steel and

768.44 768.44
brass
Junction between brass and

598.44 598.44
glass
Outer most 30 30
100
Problem Definition:
2. A circular fin of radius 25mm is given below. The innermost temperature 3000C and the outer
atmospheric temperature is 300C. The length of the fin is 200mm.
K for fin= 0.045 W/mm2.0C
Procedure:
Using FEA software:
Pre-Processing:
Selecting the area

of analysis

Step: 2
element Solid Brick 8 node 278
Defining the
Step: 3 Thermal Thermal conductivity.
material properties
K = 0.045 W/mm2.0C
Pre-processor Modelling Create Area Solid circle
Creating the solid specify :
Step: 4
circle X=0, Y=0
Radius = 25
Pre-processor Modelling Operate Boolean Extrude
Step: 5 Extruding the circle
area select the circle provide the length
Temperature areas select first node temp enter the
Step: 6 Applying the loads
temperature value as 300 ok.
Select the last area temp enter the value as 30 ok.
101
Processing:-

Step: 7
analysis type

Step: 8
Post-processing:-
Determining the General Postproc Plot results Contour plot Nodal

Step: 9
nodal temperature solution DOF solution Nodal temperature ok.
102
Fig - 2: Temperature distribution plot for circular fin
Result:
Thus the heat transfer in a composite wall and a circular fin was analysed using Ansys
software.
103
Ex. No. 13
SOLID THERMAL INTERACTION PROBLEM IN TWO
DIMENSIONAL PLATE
Date:22/09/15
Aim:
To model and analyse the deformation due to heat transfer in a two dimensional plate
using ANSYS software.
Apparatus required:

Problem Definition:
A beam is fixed at one end and is given a temperature of 1000C at that end. The other end is free
to move in y axis and is constrained in the other two axes. The length of the beam is 100mm.
Atmospheric temperature is 300C.
Procedure:
Using FEA software:
Pre-Processing:
Selecting the area

of analysis

Step: 2
element link 3D conduction 33
104
Pre-processor Real constants Add/Edit/Delete Add ok
Adding Real
Step: 3
constants
Area = 400 mm2
Defining the Pre-processor Material properties Material models
Step: 4 thermal material Thermal Thermal conductivity.
properties K = 0.045 W/mm2.0C
Pre-processor Modelling Create Keypoints In Active
Creating the CS specify :
Step: 5
Keypoints Keypoint number1: X=0, Y=0
Keypoint number2: X=100,Y=0
Pre-processor Modelling Create lines Straight lines
Step: 6 Creating the line
select the two keypoints
Pre-processor Meshing Mesh tool lines smart mesh

Step: 7 Meshing
select the lines
Saving the Pre-processor Physics Environment write

Step: 8
Environment THERMAL (name) clear
Switching the Pre-processor Elem type switch elem type Thermal to

Step: 9
element struc
Pre-processor material properties material models
strucutural
Defining the
Step: 10 E = 2 x 105N/mm2
properties
Poisons ratio = 0.3
Thermal expansion coefficient = 12 x 10-6 /0C
Saving the Pre-processor Physics Environment write
Step: 11
Environment STRUCTURAL (name) clear
Reading the
Step: 12 Physics Read THERMAL
environment
Step: 13 Applying the loads Temperature on nodes select first node temp enter
the temperature value as 100 ok.
Processing:-

Step:14
analysis type
Solution Solve Current LS A dialog box with “Solution
Solving the
Step: 15 is done” is displayed if the above procedure is followed
problem
correctly finish
105
Pre-processing:-
Reading the
Step: 16 Physics Read STRUCTURAL
environment
Pre-processor Loads define loads apply structural
Displacement on nodes select first node All DOF
zero
Step: 17 Applying the loads Select last node fix UX
Structural temperature from thermal analysis browse
*rth file
Settings reference temperature 300C
Processing:-
Selecting the Solution Analysis Type Static ok

Step:18
analysis type
Solution Solve Current LS A dialog box with “Solution
Solving the
Step: 19 is done” is displayed if the above procedure is followed
problem
correctly.
Post-processing:-
General Postproc Element table Create table by seq

Determining the
Step: 20 numbering LS,1 ok.
nodal temperature
General Postproc plot results Contour plot
106
Figure 1. Temperature distribution plot for Solid-Thermal Interaction Problem
107
Stress = E ΔT
= 2 x 105 x 12 x 10-6 x (100 – 30)
= 168 N/mm2.
Result:
Thus the stress analysis for a solid thermal interaction problem has been analysed using
ansys.
108

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Finite Element Analysis Software – ANSYS:

Let’s see them in detail.

1) Defining the element

1.1 Defining the element:

1.3 Modeling the problem:

The given problem is to be modelled. It may be a two dimension or three dimensioned

1.5 Applying the boundary conditions:

III. Post processing:

By simulation using FEA software and verifying it with theoretical methods.

 Ansys R15 software

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM

1. Using FEA software:

Step: 11 Selecting the Solution Analysis type New analysis Static ok

Step: 13 Determining the General post-processor Plot results Deformed shape

Figure 2. Stress Plot for Cantilever Beam with Point Load

Cantilever beam with a point load:

1) Moment of inertia I= = = 1440

Where M = Bending moment

y = Distance from the neutral axis

1. Using FEA software:

Step: 13 Determining the General post-processor Plot results Deformed shape

Cantilever beam with a uniformly distributed load:

1) Moment of inertia I= = = 1440

Where M = Bending moment

y = Distance from the neutral axis

Step: 12 Solving the Problem

Step: 13 Determining the General Postprocessor  Plot results  Deformed shape 

Cantilever beam with a uniformly varying load:

1) Moment of inertia I= = = 1440

Where M = Bending moment

y = Distance from the neutral axis

S.No Description FEA Simulation Theoretical % Deviation

Case 1: cantilever beam with a point load

1. Deflection (mm) 0.5787 0.5787 0

2. Stress (N/ ) 208.33 208.33 0

Case 2: cantilever beam with a uniformly distributed load

1. Deflection (mm) 4.34 4.34 0

2. Stress (N/ ) 2083 2083 1.54×

Case 3: cantilever beam with a uniformly varying load

1. Deflection (mm) 15.914 15.914 0

2. Stress (N/ ) 6944 6944 6.336×

By simulation using FEA software and verifying it with theoretical methods.

 Ansys R15 software

1. Using FEA software:

Step: 1 Selecting the area Preferences Structural ok.

Step: 11 Selecting the Solution Analysis type New analysis Static ok

Step: 13 Determining the General post-processor Plot results Deformed shape

Simply supported beam with a point load:

1) Moment of inertia I= = = 1440

Where M = Bending moment

y = Distance from the neutral axis

1. Using FEA software:

Step: 1 Selecting the area Preferences Structural ok.

Step: 11 Selecting the Solution Analysis type New analysis Static ok

Step: 13 Determining the General post-processor Plot results Deformed shape

Simply supported beam with a uniformly distributed load:

1) Moment of inertia I= = = 1440

Where M = Bending moment

y = Distance from the neutral axis

1. Using FEA software:

Step: 1 Selecting the area Preferences Structural ok.

Step: 11 Selecting the Solution Analysis type New analysis Static ok