Document No.

RCA-UTE-20-115-003

Sheet 1

CALCULATION REPORT:
TITLE STAIRS AND PLATFORMS

CAKASA
CLIENT
(NIG.) COMPANY LTD

SPHERE 8.180 M³
PROJECT
STOCKGAP FUELS

ORDER 8776F dtd 30/01/2020

0 08/05/2020 Issued for approval 4D UTE GEC

REV DATE DESCRIPTION COMP. CONT. APPR.

 STAIRS STRUCTURES – CALCULATION REPORT

Table of Contents

1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 5

1.1 Background................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 Project Location .......................................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Scope of the document .............................................................................................................. 5
1.4 Units of measure ........................................................................................................................ 5
1.5 References ................................................................................................................................. 5
1.6 International Codes and Standards ........................................................................................... 5
1.7 Acronyms and Abbreviations ..................................................................................................... 6

2.0 STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 8

2.1 Structure Layout ......................................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Materials ..................................................................................................................................... 8

3.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................... 10

4.0 WEIGHT SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... 11

5.0 STRUCTURAL MODEL................................................................................................................. 12

5.1 Computer Program ................................................................................................................... 12
5.2 Finite Elements Model .............................................................................................................. 12

6.0 DESIGN LOAD ................................................................................................................................ 16

6.1 DL – Dead Loads...................................................................................................................... 16
Structure Selfweight ........................................................................................................................... 16
Grating ................................................................................................................................................ 16
Handrails ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Stairs ................................................................................................................................................... 18
Passive Fire Protection (PFP) .............................................................................................................. 19
6.2 LL – Live load ........................................................................................................................... 19
6.3 WL / WT – Wind load – Longitudinal / Transverse .................................................................. 21
6.4 E – Earthquake Load ................................................................................................................ 25
6.5 BL – Blast Load ........................................................................................................................ 25

7.0 BASIC LOAD CASES AND LOAD COMBINATIONS .............................................................. 26

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ANNEX A ....................................................................................................................................................... 27

1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 28

2 NODES LABELS .............................................................................................................................. 29

3 BEAMS LABELS ............................................................................................................................. 30

4 BEAM SECTIONS ........................................................................................................................... 31

5 LOADS RESULTANTS ................................................................................................................... 32

6 DEFLECTION CHECK .................................................................................................................. 33

7 STRENGTH CHECK ...................................................................................................................... 35

7.1 OPERATING CONDITION (LC 101÷116) ............................................................................... 36

8 FOUNDATION LOADS .................................................................................................................. 38

9 ANCHOR POINTS CHECK ........................................................................................................... 41

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Revision History

Revision Section Change / Update

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

PARESA spa is in charge of design, fabrication and installation of No. 1 sphere storage tanks
(8000 m3 capacity) for LPG to be installed in Rumuolumeni terminal (Port Harcourt - Nigeria).
The final Client of job is STOCKGAP Society.
The storage tank is equipped with No. 1 service platforms on the top and No. 1 helical stair.
Upper part of each stair is directly supported on the sphere shell; lower part of stair is
supported by means No. 2 vertical trussed frame steel structures (Item tags : T-001, T-002).

1.2 Project Location

Refer Engineering Design Basis for complete details of plant location.

1.3 Scope of the document

Scope of the present document is to report the results of the Structural Analysis carried out
for the STAIRS SUPPORT STRUCTURES T-001 T-002.
The report is completed by the following Annexes:
 Annex A : In-place analysis results

1.4 Units of measure

SI units will be used throughout all phases of the structural design for the project.

1.5 References

[1] DWG-UTE.20-115-001 Sphere General arrangement drawing

[2] DWG-UTE-20-115-300 Stairs and platforms general arrangement

drawing

1.6 International Codes and Standards

American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)

[R1] Manual of Steel Construction – Specification for the Design, Fabrication and Erection

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of Structural Steel for Buildings (14th Edition) ASD

[R2] AISC 360-16 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (ASD)

American Welding Society (AWS)

[R3] D1.1 Structural Welding Code Steel

Eurocodes (EC)

[R4] UNI EN 1991-1-4 Actions on structures Part 1-4: General actions - Wind actions

1.7 Acronyms and Abbreviations

AGL Above Ground Level

ALE Abnormal Level Earthquake

ASD Allowable Stress Design

DLB Ductility Level Blast

BOS Bottom Of Steel

COG Centre Of Gravity

COMPANY (CPY) PARESA

CONTRACTOR CAKASA

DAF Dynamic Amplification Factor

EPC Engineering Procurement and Construction

FEED Front End Engineering Design

FEM Finite Element Method

GA General Arrangement

GAD General Arrangement Drawing

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MTO Material Take-off

PFP Passive Fire Protection

TOG Top Of Grouting

TOS Top Of Steel

UF Utilization Factor

VENDOR PARESA spa

WSD Working Stress Design

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2.0 STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION

2.1 Structure Layout

Stairs support structure T-001 consists of a single welded vertical trussed frame whose overall
dimensions are hereby reported:

 T-001 : 2150W x 500L x 5830H mm

 T-002 : 1540W x 800L x 1430H mm

Columns are pipe sections : 270 x 12.7mm (10” – sch. XS)

Horizontal beams on the top of structures are hot-rolled profiles : UPN220
Vertical bracings are hot-rolled profiles : angle L60x6 (T-001) and UPN220 (T-002)
Each column is fixed on foundations by means baseplate 20mm thk and No. 4 M24 anchor bolts.

2.2 Materials

All materials will conform to drawing Ref. /2/. In particular, the material properties hereby reported
have been considered.

 Primary beams and plates EN 10025-2 S275JR

 Primary pipes A106 Gr.B or equivalent
 Secondary beams and plates EN 10025-2 S275JR
 Density 7850 kg/m3
 Young’s Modulus, E 210000 N/mm2
 Poisson’s Ratio 0.3
 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 0.0000117 (°C)-1

t≤16 16<t≤25 16<t≤40 20<t≤40 25<t≤40 40<t≤63 63<t≤80 63<t≤100 80<t≤100

Grade
Yield Strength (N/mm2)

275 Plate 275 265 265 255 245

275 Hot rolled beams 275 265 265

A 106 Gr. B pipe 240 240

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Anchor bolts materials are listed below:

 Grade 6.8 or equivalent

t≤16 16<t≤25 16<t≤40 20<t≤40 25<t≤40 40<t≤63 63<t≤80 63<t≤100 80<t≤100

Grade
Yield Strength (N/mm2)

Grade 6.8 Anchor bolt 480 480 480 480 480

Minimum tensile strength : 600 MPa

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3.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

The performed structural analyses show that the structures can safely withstand the loads during
the in-service conditions, which include the following:

 Operating Storm Conditions (reference wind return period 50 year)

 Earthquake Conditions

The following tables summarize the main results of the analyses in terms of Utilization Factors
(UF).

Allowable stress Load

UF
Condition Element Characteristics incremental Comb.
(Normalized)
factor
Operating Storm (50y) 4 Column PIPE 10”-XS 1.00 0.28 105
Operating Storm (50y) 53 Beam UPN220 1.00 0.89 114
Operating Storm (50y) 12 Brace L60x6 1.00 0.67 111

Member Checks – Maximum UF– In-service Conditions

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4.0 WEIGHT SUMMARY

The summary of weight considered in calculation is shown in the following table.

Base Weight

ITEM LOAD Contingency

STRUCTURAL WEIGHT 3700 kg +10 %

PFP WEIGHT 0 kg +0%

STAIRS 2370 kg +10 %

GRATING 90 kg +10 %

HANDRAILS 170 kg +10 %

TOTAL 6330 kg +10.0 %

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5.0 STRUCTURAL MODEL

5.1 Computer Program

The structural analysis was performed using SAP2000 v. 22.0.0 program, an integrated software
based on the FEM technique.

5.2 Finite Elements Model

The following figures show the finite elements model and its reference system.

The reference system is Cartesian, orthogonal, right-handed. Its origin is located at the
intersection between rows A and 1. X axis is East direction and Y axis is North direction.

The structural model includes the following main structural elements:

 All horizontal beams

 All columns

 All bracings

 Stairs stringers

No. 2 supports have been considered to connect the structure to foundation; these supports are
located as shown in next figure, No.1 on each row A and No. 1 on row B.

Each constraint has been modeled as moment resisting in x and y directions.

Stairs stringers have been modelled by means beams elements properly disconnected at
intersections with vertical structures in order not to contribute to horizontal stiffness of structures
itself.

The load on foundations are shown in Annex A.

Modeled supports constrain all the translations while the rotations are released, with the
exception of x direction.

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T‐002

T‐001

Solid view

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Wireframe view

In Annex A the SAP2000 elements and nodes labels are shown.

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Constraints label

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6.0 DESIGN LOAD

6.1 DL – Dead Loads

Structure Selfweight

A +10% of modelled members selfweight has been adopted in order to take into account
stiffeners plates weight; in addition, +10% contingency has been considered in calculations.

Grating

Gratings weigth has been assumed 35 kg/m2.

Grating weight [N/mm]

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Handrails

Handrails weigth has been assumed 30 kg/m.

Handrails weight [N/mm]

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Stairs

Stairs weight assumed in calculation includes:

 Steps weigth : 12 kg/m (for each stair stringer)

 Handrail weigth : 30 kg/m (for each stair stringer)

 Stringer bracings : 3 kg/m (for each stair stringer)

Tot. stair weight (excluded stringer selfweight) : 45 kg/m (for each stringer)

Stairs weight [N/mm]

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Passive Fire Protection (PFP)

Passive fire protection is not applicable to project.

6.2 LL – Live load

Live load is any load which is not permanently fixed to the structure. Live loads are those gravity
loads produced by the use and occupancy of the structure. These include the weight of all
movable loads, including personnel, tools, miscellaneous equipment, movable partitions, wheel
loads, parts of dismantled equipment, stored material etc. Loads imposed by piping, equipment
and attachments, or lifting equipment such as cranes, have been considered separately and not
included in the live loads.

Live load has been modelled as uniform linear load considering 250 kg/m2, applied on the free
deck area.

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Live load [N/mm]

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6.3 WL / WT – Wind load – Longitudinal / Transverse

Wind loads have been calculated in accordance with Eurocode 1991, Ref. /R4/, taking into
account the following parameters:

 Basic wind speed (10m el.). Vb  38 m/s

 Maximum height  12m (top of structure T-002)
 Terrain category  II (flat area with isolated obstacles)
 Exposure factor Ce  2.5 (figure 4.2)

Design wind pressure has been calculated in accordance with Eurocode 1991, eq. 5.3:

qs = 0.623 x 382 = 900 Pa

P = Ce x qs = 2.5 x 900 = 2250 N/m2

Ce , exposure factor

qs, wind stagnation pressure

Wind force has been calculated as follows:

F = P x Cf x Af

Cf , force coefficient

Af , wind frontal area

Wind forces acting on each item have been applied as horizontal forces on the centre of gravity
elevation.

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Wind load on steel structure

Wind load on steel structures has been calculated considering 250mm and 60mm average steel
shapes depth for primary and secondary beams. Uniform distributed load has been applied to
main structures members (columns, beams and bracings).

qW_structure = P x Cf x Af =

= 2250 x 1.5 x 0.25 = 843 N/m = 0.84 kN/m (primary steels - operating 50 years)

= 2250 x 1.5 x 0.06 = 202 N/m = 0.20 kN/m (secondary steels - operating 50 years)

Wind load on stairs and handrails

Wind load on handrails has been calculated considering 400mm depth frontal area for overall
length. Uniform distributed load has been applied to stairs stringers.

With reference to transverse direction, we have:

qW_handrails = P x Cf x Af =

= 2250 x 1.5 x 0.40 = 1350 N/m = 1.35 kN/m (handrails - operating 50 years)

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Wind load in x direction [N/mm]

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Wind load in y direction [N/mm]

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6.4 E – Earthquake Load

Earthquake load is not applicable to project.

6.5 BL – Blast Load

Blast load is not applicable to project.

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7.0 BASIC LOAD CASES AND LOAD COMBINATIONS

A total of 4 basic load conditions and 16 load combinations have been considered. The load
combinations are listed below:

 Operating Storm condition (50 years): LC 101÷116

PRIMARY LOAD CASES DESCRIPTION NOTATION

Dead load DL

Live load LL

Wind x direction (Operating Storm Condition - 50 years) WX

Wind y direction (Operating Storm Condition - 50 years) WY

LOAD COMBINATIONS FOR GLOBAL DESIGN CHECK OF STEEL STRUCTURES

ALLOWABLE
STRESS
LOAD CONDITIONS COMBINATION DL LL WX WY EX EY
INCREMENTAL
FACTOR
101 1,0 1,0 1,0
102 1,0 1,0 -1,0
103 1,0 1,0 1,0
104 1,0 1,0 -1,0
105 1,0 1,0 0,7 0,7
106 1,0 1,0 -0,7 0,7
107 1,0 1,0 0,7 -0,7
OPERATING STORM
108 1,0 1,0 -0,7 -0,7
CONDITION 1,00
109 0,6 1,0
(50 years)
110 0,6 -1,0
111 0,6 1,0
112 0,6 -1,0
113 0,6 0,7 0,7
114 0,6 -0,7 0,7
115 0,6 0,7 -0,7
116 0,6 -0,7 -0,7

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ANNEX A

STAIRS SUPPORT STRUCTURES T-001 and T-002

IN-PLACE ANALYSIS RESULTS

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1 INTRODUCTION

Annex A is relevant to STAIRS SUPPORT STRUCTURES T-001 and T-002 analysis for in-place
conditions.

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2 NODES LABELS

ROW 1

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3 BEAMS LABELS

ROW 1

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4 BEAM SECTIONS

ROW 1

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5 LOADS RESULTANTS

The following table contains the basic load case resultants, as reported by SAP2000.

OutputCase CaseType GlobalFX GlobalFY GlobalFZ

Text Text KN KN KN
DL LinStatic 0,0 0,0 67,9
LL LinStatic 0,0 0,0 59,4
WX LinStatic ‐75,2 0,0 0,0
WY LinStatic 0,0 ‐75,2 0,0

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6 DEFLECTION CHECK

Deflections have been checked for in-place conditions.

The following limits shall be respected:

 Beams supporting sensitive equip. (between supports): L/500

 Beams supporting sensitive equipment (cantilever): L/250
 Other beams: L/360
 Multi story column lateral deflection with equip.: H/200 (with wind)
 Multi story column lateral deflection w/o equip.: H/180 (with wind)

Significant values of vertical and horizontal displacements for in-place conditions are shown in the
following table. These displacements are relative values, i.e. the mid-span deflection of the member
relative to its ends.

Type Load Member

Deflection Span/Deflection
Comb Span

[-] [-] [mm] [mm] [-]

MAIN COLUMN PIPE 10”-XS Beam 101 17.7 5400 305

Deflection check Table

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Maximum horizonatl deflection (LC101 / 17.7 mm)

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7 STRENGTH CHECK

Stress/instability checks have been carried out by SAP2000 in accordance with Ref. (R2) for all
primary and secondary elements; Allowable Stress Design method has been carried out.

All members have been checked at each working point and at midspan.

The following data have been used to calculate allowable stresses using member length from
working point to working point:

In-plane effective length factor (Ky), and out-of-plane (Kz) as follows:

• K = 2.0 for column members in moment resisting frame systems

K = 1.0 for column members in braced systems

• K, = 1.0 conservatively for V-shaped bracing members

• K = free length to total length ratio in each direction for beams

• Unsupported Flange Length (for lateral torsional buckling) equal to the distance between
supports or to the distance between secondary beams if the secondary structure helps
retaining the compressed flange.

The following table reports the results for all the loaded elements for in-place analysis. As it can be
seen the Utilization Ratio is always below the Maximum allowable value, therefore the resistance
and stability checks are satisfied.

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7.1 OPERATING CONDITION (LC 101÷116)

In the following figure the Utilization Ratio is shown for Operating Condition (max. weight).

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Table: Steel Design 1 - Summary Data - AISC 360-16, Part 1 of 1

Frame Combo DesignSect DesignType Status Ratio RatioType

52 114 UPN220 Beam No Messages 0,892201 PMM

53 101 UPN220 Beam No Messages 0,887755 PMM
12 111 L60X6 Brace No Messages 0,672776 PMM
16 104 L60X6 Brace No Messages 0,614348 PMM
21 104 L60X6 Brace No Messages 0,611682 PMM
54 105 UPN220 Beam No Messages 0,59682 PMM
51 107 UPN220 Beam No Messages 0,543298 PMM
23 105 L60X6 Brace No Messages 0,440469 PMM
24 104 L60X6 Brace No Messages 0,428461 PMM
25 104 L60X6 Brace No Messages 0,42536 PMM
13 105 L60X6 Brace No Messages 0,417418 PMM
14 104 L60X6 Brace No Messages 0,390245 PMM
15 104 L60X6 Brace No Messages 0,387247 PMM
88 114 UPN220 Brace No Messages 0,352291 PMM
4 105 PIPE 10"-XS Column No Messages 0,275858 PMM
2 107 PIPE 10"-XS Column No Messages 0,273313 PMM
89 112 UPN220 Brace No Messages 0,266442 PMM
28 103 T420x500x20 Beam No Messages 0,147786 PMM
10 111 UPN220 Beam No Messages 0,030091 PMM
22 111 UPN220 Beam No Messages 0,029945 PMM

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8 FOUNDATION LOADS

Foundation loads are shown in the following table.

Foundation points label

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Joint OutputCase CaseType Fx Fy Fz Mx My Mz

Text Text Text KN KN KN KN‐m KN‐m KN‐m
23 101 Combination 8 0 ‐31 0 27 0
23 102 Combination ‐6 0 ‐19 0 ‐18 0
23 103 Combination 2 34 126 ‐22 8 ‐1
23 104 Combination 1 ‐10 ‐176 21 7 0
23 105 Combination 6 24 74 ‐15 23 ‐1
23 106 Combination ‐4 24 84 ‐16 ‐10 ‐1
23 107 Combination 6 ‐7 ‐134 15 22 0
23 108 Combination ‐4 ‐7 ‐126 15 ‐11 0
23 109 Combination 7 0 ‐16 0 20 0
23 110 Combination ‐7 0 ‐3 0 ‐19 0
23 111 Combination 0 37 156 ‐24 2 ‐1
23 112 Combination 0 ‐7 ‐114 15 0 0
23 113 Combination 5 23 89 ‐15 14 0
23 114 Combination ‐5 16 61 ‐10 ‐13 0
23 115 Combination 1 ‐2 ‐30 4 2 0
23 116 Combination ‐4 ‐5 ‐75 10 ‐13 0
24 101 Combination 8 0 ‐21 0 27 0
24 102 Combination ‐6 0 ‐39 0 ‐18 0
24 103 Combination 1 10 ‐181 ‐21 9 ‐1
24 104 Combination 1 ‐34 121 22 8 0
24 105 Combination 6 7 ‐128 ‐15 23 ‐1
24 106 Combination ‐4 7 ‐142 ‐15 ‐9 ‐1
24 107 Combination 6 ‐24 80 15 22 0
24 108 Combination ‐4 ‐24 68 16 ‐11 0
24 109 Combination 7 0 ‐1 0 20 0
24 110 Combination ‐6 0 ‐20 0 ‐19 0
24 111 Combination 0 11 ‐177 ‐23 3 ‐1
24 112 Combination 0 ‐24 102 16 0 0
24 113 Combination 5 7 ‐107 ‐14 14 0
24 114 Combination ‐4 5 ‐83 ‐10 ‐12 0
24 115 Combination 1 ‐6 26 4 2 0
24 116 Combination ‐4 ‐16 52 10 ‐13 0
77 101 Combination 13 0 ‐14 0 0 0
77 102 Combination ‐14 0 ‐4 0 0 0
77 103 Combination 52 4 ‐49 0 0 0
77 104 Combination ‐54 ‐4 32 0 0 0
77 105 Combination 40 3 ‐37 0 0 0
77 106 Combination 18 3 ‐27 0 0 0
77 107 Combination ‐24 ‐3 12 0 0 0
77 108 Combination ‐38 ‐3 16 0 0 0
77 109 Combination 13 0 ‐8 0 0 0
77 110 Combination ‐13 0 2 0 0 0
77 111 Combination 57 7 ‐46 0 0 0
77 112 Combination ‐30 0 22 0 0 0
77 113 Combination 9 4 ‐5 0 0 0
77 114 Combination 20 4 ‐21 0 0 0
77 115 Combination 10 0 ‐7 0 0 0
77 116 Combination ‐38 ‐3 23 0 0 0

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89 101 Combination 12 0 ‐14 0 0 0

89 102 Combination ‐13 0 ‐4 0 0 0
89 103 Combination ‐54 4 32 0 0 0
89 104 Combination 52 ‐4 ‐49 0 0 0
89 105 Combination ‐24 3 12 0 0 0
89 106 Combination ‐38 3 16 0 0 0
89 107 Combination 40 ‐3 ‐37 0 0 0
89 108 Combination 18 ‐3 ‐27 0 0 0
89 109 Combination 13 0 ‐8 0 0 0
89 110 Combination ‐13 0 2 0 0 0
89 111 Combination ‐58 1 42 0 0 0
89 112 Combination 30 ‐4 ‐25 0 0 0
89 113 Combination 9 4 ‐7 0 0 0
89 114 Combination ‐38 3 23 0 0 0
89 115 Combination ‐6 ‐2 5 0 0 0
89 116 Combination 20 ‐4 ‐22 0 0 0

The foundation loads envelope on the most critical base columns anchor point are shown below:

 Maximum shear : 37 kN (Load combination #111)

 Maximum tensile force . 156 kN (Load combination #111)

 Maximum bending moment (strong) . 24 kNm (Load combination #111)

 Maximum bending moment (weak) . 27 kNm (Load combination #101)

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9 ANCHOR POINTS CHECK

Each vertical column is anchored by means No. 4 anchor bolts M24 size Steel Grade 6.8 or
equivalent.

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