APPLIED MATHS GROUP ASSIGNMENT NOVEMBER 16, 2022

Unity University

College of Engineering Technology & Computational Science

Applied Mathematics I (Math 1012)

Group Assignment (20%)

October, 2022
Instruction: Attempt all questions clearly and neatly

1. Find the limit, if it is exist. If the limit does not exist, explain why?

1
a. 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ √𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 𝑥)
𝑥→0 √
Solution
Using squeeze theorem
1
- We know that -1 ≤ sin( 𝑥) ≤ 1. Next, we can multiply this inequality by √𝑥 without
√
1
changing its correctness. Now we have -√𝑥 ≤ √𝑥 sin( ) ≤ √𝑥
√𝑥
- Take the limit of each part of the inequality.
1
𝑙𝑖𝑚 (-√𝑥) ≤ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 √𝑥 sin( 𝑥) ≤ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (√𝑥 )
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 √ 𝑥→0
- Next, we know that 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (-√𝑥) = 0 and 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (√𝑥 ) = 0. Thus, we have
𝑥→0 𝑥→0
1
0 ≤ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 √𝑥 sin( 𝑥) ≤ 0
𝑥→0 √
1
- So, we can conclude that 𝑙𝑖𝑚 √𝑥 sin( 𝑥) = 0
𝑥→0 √
- Graphically, the function squeezed
between y = −√𝑥 and y = √𝑥 shows the
same limit

𝟏
❖ 𝒍𝒊𝒎+ √𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 (√𝒙) = 0
𝒙→𝟎

College of Engineering Technology & Computational Science Applied Mathematics I

1
(Math 1012)
APPLIED MATHS GROUP ASSIGNMENT NOVEMBER 16, 2022

2𝑥+4 𝑥
b. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (2𝑥+3)
𝑥→∞

Solution

2𝑥+4 𝑥 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (2𝑥+4)𝑥

𝑥→∞
- 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( ) is equivalent to ………… Easily to find the equation (separately)
𝑥→∞ 2𝑥+3 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (2𝑥+3)𝑥
𝑥→∞

2𝑥+4 𝑥
𝑙𝑖𝑚 (2𝑥+4)𝑥 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( )
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ 2𝑥
- = 2𝑥+3 𝑥
……both the equation divides by 2x to get the form
𝑙𝑖𝑚 (2𝑥+3)𝑥 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( )
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ 2𝑥

1 𝑥 𝑎 𝑐𝑥 𝑎𝑐
𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1 + 𝑥̇ ) , the value of 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1 + 𝑏𝑥̇ ) =ⅇ𝑏
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞

2x+4 x 2 x 2
lim ( ) lim (1+ ) ⅇ1
x→∞ 2x x→∞ x
- So, 2x+3 x
= 3 x
= 3
lim ( ) lim (1+ ) ⅇ2
x→∞ 2x x→∞ 2x

2 2 3
− 2 3
ⅇ1 ⅇ1 2 3
- 3 = 3 3 …………………….. to simplify the equation, subtract 2 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 ⅇ 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ⅇ 2
−
ⅇ2 ⅇ2 2

2 3 1
−
ⅇ1 2 ⅇ2
- 3 3 = ⅇ 0 …………………………….. e0 = 1
−
ⅇ2 2

1 1
1
ⅇ2 ⅇ2
- = = ⅇ 2 = √ⅇ
ⅇ0 1

𝟐𝒙+𝟒 𝒙
❖ 𝒍𝒊𝒎 (𝟐𝒙+𝟑) = √ⅇ
𝒙→∞

|𝑥+5|
c. 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑥→−5 𝑥+5

Solution

|𝑥+5|
- 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑥→−5 𝑥+5

|𝑥+5| 𝑙𝑖𝑚 |𝑥+5|

𝑥→−5
- 𝑙𝑖𝑚 =
𝑥→−5 𝑥+5 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥+5
̅
𝑥→−5

College of Engineering Technology & Computational Science Applied Mathematics I

2
(Math 1012)
 APPLIED MATHS GROUP ASSIGNMENT NOVEMBER 16, 2022

- 𝑙𝑖𝑚 |𝑥 + 5| = 0
𝑥→−5

𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥 + 5 = 0
𝑥→−5

𝑙𝑖𝑚 |𝑥+5| 0
𝑥→−5
- = undefined so, we have to evaluate left- and right-hand rule.
𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥+5 0
̅
𝑥→−5

|𝑥+5| 𝑥, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 0
- 𝑙𝑖𝑚 …………….. absolute value rule |𝑥| = {
𝑥→−5 𝑥+5 −𝑥, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ 0

|𝑥+5| 𝑥+5 5+5

- 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = = =1
𝑥→−5+ 𝑥+5 𝑥+5 5+5

|𝑥+5| −(𝑥+5) −(5+5)

- 𝑙𝑖𝑚− = = = -1
𝑥→−5 𝑥+5 𝑥+5 5+5

|𝑥+5| |𝑥+5|
- If 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ ≠ 𝑙𝑖𝑚− , then the limit does not exist.
𝑥→−5 𝑥+5 𝑥→−5 𝑥+5

|𝒙+𝟓|
❖ 𝒍𝒊𝒎 = does not exist
𝒙→−𝟓 𝒙+𝟓

2. Show whether f is continuous or discontinuous at “a”.

2𝑥 − 3 , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 < 1
𝑓(𝑥) = { 7 , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 1 ; a =1
3𝑥 − 5 , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 > 1

Solution

- A function f(x) is said to be continuous at a point x = a, in its domain if the following

three conditions are satisfied:
1. f(a) exists (i.e., the value of f(a) is finite)
2. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 f(x) exists (i.e., the right-hand limit = left-hand limit, and both are finite)
𝑥→𝑎
3. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 f(x) = f(a)
𝑥→𝑎
- 𝑙𝑖𝑚(7) = 7
𝑥→1

- 𝑙𝑖𝑚 2𝑥 − 3 = 2(1) − 3 = 2 − 3 = −1
𝑥→1−

College of Engineering Technology & Computational Science Applied Mathematics I

3
(Math 1012)
 APPLIED MATHS GROUP ASSIGNMENT NOVEMBER 16, 2022

- 𝑙𝑖𝑚 3𝑥 − 5 = 3(1) − 5 = 3 − 5 = −2
𝑥→1+

Conclusion

the right-hand limit ≠ left-hand limit

❖ A function f(x) is discontinuous at a point x = a, a = 1

ⅆ𝑦
3. Use chain rule to find ⅆ𝑥 if

a. 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑙𝑛 𝑥 ))

Solution

Using chain rule

ⅆ
- [𝑓(𝑔(𝑥))] = 𝑓 ′ (𝑔(𝑥)). 𝑔′ (𝑥)
ⅆ𝑥

 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

 g(x) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑙𝑛 𝑥)

1 sⅇc2(ln 𝑥)
 𝑔′ (𝑥) = sec 2 (ln 𝑥) ⋅ 𝑥 = 𝑥

ⅆ 𝑠ⅇ𝑐 2 (𝑙𝑛 𝑥) sⅇc2 (ln 𝑥) 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑛 𝑥)

- [𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑙𝑛 𝑥))] = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑛 𝑥) ⋅ =
ⅆ𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

ⅆ 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟐 (𝐥𝐧 𝒙) 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒍𝒏 𝒙)

❖ ⅆ𝒙
[𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒕𝒂𝒏(𝒍𝒏 𝒙))] =
𝒙

b. 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥

Solution

- Apply the exponent rule, 𝑎𝑏 = ⅇ 𝑏 𝑙𝑛 𝑎

 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = ⅇ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑙𝑛(𝑥) ……………………….. equation 1

College of Engineering Technology & Computational Science Applied Mathematics I
4
(Math 1012)
 APPLIED MATHS GROUP ASSIGNMENT NOVEMBER 16, 2022

ⅆ
 [ⅇ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑙𝑛(𝑥) ]
ⅆ𝑥

ⅆ
- Using chain rule, ⅆ𝑥 [𝑓(𝑔(𝑥))] = 𝑓 ′ (𝑔(𝑥)). 𝑔′ (𝑥)

 𝑓(𝑥) = ⅇ 𝑥

 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ⅇ 𝑥

 g(x) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑙𝑛(𝑥)

ⅆ𝑦 ⅆ𝑦
 𝑔′ (𝑥) = (sin 𝑥) ⋅ ln 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 ⋅ (ln 𝑥)
ⅆ𝑥 ⅆ𝑥

𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 ln 𝑥 + 𝑥

ⅆ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
- [ⅇ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑙𝑛(𝑥) ] = ⅇ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑙𝑛(𝑥) ⋅ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 ln 𝑥 +
ⅆ𝑥 𝑥

- Substitute equation 1 in ⅇ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑙𝑛(𝑥) 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 , because 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = ⅇ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑙𝑛(𝑥)

𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 ln 𝑥 + )
𝑥

ⅆ 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙
❖ [𝒙𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 ] = 𝒙𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 (𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 𝐥𝐧 𝒙 + )
ⅆ𝒙 𝒙

ⅆ𝑦
4. Use implicit differentiation to find ⅆ𝑥 or 𝑦 ′ 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 = ⅇ

Solution

Use implicit differentiation

ⅆ𝑦
- ⅆ𝑥
( 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 = ⅇ )

ⅆ𝑦 ⅆ𝑦 ⅆ
- ⅆ𝑥
𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑦 + ⅆ𝑥
𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 = ⅆ𝑥𝑦 ⅇ ……. Differentiate 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑ⅇ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎⅇ ⅇ𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

ⅆ𝑦 ⅆ𝑦
- 𝑥 cos 𝑦 ⅆ𝑥 + 1 ⋅ sin 𝑦 + ⅆ𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = 0

ⅆ𝑦
- sin 𝑦 − 𝑦 sin 𝑥 + (𝑥 cos 𝑦 + cos 𝑥) = 0 …….. collect like terms
ⅆ𝑥

College of Engineering Technology & Computational Science Applied Mathematics I

5
(Math 1012)
APPLIED MATHS GROUP ASSIGNMENT NOVEMBER 16, 2022

ⅆ𝑦
- (𝑥 cos 𝑦 + cos 𝑥) = −sin 𝑦 + 𝑦 sin 𝑥
ⅆ𝑥

ⅆ𝑦 𝑥 cos 𝑦+cos 𝑥 −sin 𝑦+𝑦 sin 𝑥

- ( 𝑥 cos 𝑦+cos 𝑥 ) = ……Divide both side of the equation by
ⅆ𝑥 𝑥 cos 𝑦+cos 𝑥

𝑥 cos 𝑦 + cos 𝑥

ⅆ𝑦 𝑦 sin 𝑥 −sin 𝑦
- =
ⅆ𝑥 𝑥 cos 𝑦+cos 𝑥

ⅆ𝒚 𝒚 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙 −𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒚
❖ ( 𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒚 + 𝒚 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 = ⅇ ) = 𝒙 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒚+𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙
ⅆ𝒙

College of Engineering Technology & Computational Science Applied Mathematics I

6
(Math 1012)