TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PEDIATRICS BUZZWORDS HANDOUT BY DR.

IAN DE VERA
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MC malignancy overall Leukemia – ALL
IMPORTANT LEGAL INFORMATION Abdominal tumor, crosses
midline, different signs and
Neuroblastoma
The handouts, videos and other review materials, provided by Topnotch Medical Board symptoms, bone metastasis,
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communication. No part of the handout, video or other review material may be reproduced, Physiologic Changes
shared, sold and distributed through any printed form, audio or video recording, electronic
jaundice in the newborn
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Topnotch Medical Board Preparation Incorporated. Any violation and or infringement, JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN
whether intended or otherwise shall be subject to legal action and prosecution to the full
extent guaranteed by law. Most common Physiologic
Mother O, baby A or B ABO incompatibility
DISCLOSURE Uncommon in first born children,
RH incompatibility
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trends and feedback. Please buy all recommended review books and other materials listed
below. Bone tumor presenting as
THIS HANDOUT IS NOT FOR SALE! Osteosarcoma
sunburst appearance on xray

This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. OSTEOSARCOMA EWING TUMOR
This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch • 2nd decade; M>F • 2nd decade: M>F
since we update our handouts regularly. • All races • Primarily whites
• Spindle-cell producing • Undifferentiated small
osteoid round cell of neural origin
PEDIATRICS BUZZWORDS • Metaphysis of long bones • Diaphysis of long bones
By Adrian Salvador M. De Vera, MD, DPPS • Local pain & swelling, often • Local pain & swelling with
history of injury fever
In developmental milestones, • Sunburst pattern • Onion-skinning / moth-
2-3 months • Spreads to lungs, bones eaten appearance
when is social smile expected?
• Chemotx and ablative • Spreads to lungs, bones
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES surgery of primary tumor • Chemotx, radiation and/or
surgery of primary tumor

Cardiac defect associated with

PDA
congenital rubella syndrome?

CHD ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS

Rubella PDA
DM mother TGA
Lupus Complete Heart Block
Aspirin PPHN
Alcohol VSD, PS
Lithium Ebstein anomaly

2-week-old presents with

Most common cause of acute seizure, sweet smelling urine.
Rotavirus MSUD
diarrhea in children <2yo? Born at home assisted by
traditional birth attendant
Diarrhea in children Etiology
Non bloody, <2yo Rotavirus Kidney, liver, brain Galactosemia
Bloody/dysentery – tenesmus, CNS symptoms, gradual
Shigella Phenylketonuria
fever, increase WBC in stool development, musty odor
Diarrhea >14 days Chronic Diarrhea CNS symptoms, maple
MSUD
Diarrhea <14 days Acute Diarrhea syrup urine odor
LIV
AA that accumulate in Leucine
Xray finding in epiglottitis? Thumbprint/leaf sign MSUD Isoleucine
Valine
Viral, usually with prodrome, Branched chain alpha
younger children, stridor that Viral Croup / Deficiency in MSUD ketoacid dehydrogenate
improves with racemic Laryngotracheobronchitis complex
epinephrine, steeple sign
Bacterial, toxic, and quick Craniotabes associated with Vitamin D Deficiency
progression, secure the
Epiglottitis
airway and start antibiotics, Deficiency
thumbprint/leaf sign Softening of bones, craniotabes, rachitic rosary,
Abdominal tumor that crosses Vit D
Neuroblastoma Ricketts, Osteomalacia
the midline Retinal pigment, nyctalopia, color blindness,
Vit A
Bitot’s spot
TUMORS IN CHILDREN Scurvy, scorbutic rosary, perifollicular
Most common CNS Vit C
hemorrhages
Outside the CNS Neuroblastoma Difficult to treat dermatitis, low alkaline
Zinc
Neuroblastoma phosphatase
Abdominal tumors Wilms Diarrhea, Dementia, Dermatitis B3/Niacin
Hepatoblastoma
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PEDIATRICS BUZZWORDS HANDOUT BY DR. IAN DE VERA Page 1 of 3
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
 TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PEDIATRICS BUZZWORDS HANDOUT BY DR. IAN DE VERA
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
This handout is only valid for October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
Child with anemia, microcytic,
hypochromic, normal ferritin
Thalassemia
and TIBC. Parents with some
degree of anemia as well.

IDA Thalassemia
RBC Micro, hypo Micro, hypo
RDW High Low
Reticulocyte Low Low
TIBC High Normal
Ferritin Low Normal
Iron Low Normal

Hyponatremia, Hyperkalemia, Precocious puberty in boys is

Hypoglycemia, precocious CAH onset of secondary sexual
9
puberty. Elevated 17OHP. 21 hydroxylase deficiency characteristics before the age
Low aldosterone and cortisol. of
5-month-old patient noted
have failure to thrive, Precocious puberty girls 8yo
PDA
diaphoretic, with continuous Precocious puberty boys 9yo
murmur Delayed puberty girls 13yo
Delayed Puberty boys 14yo
Pathology
Continuous murmur, bounding pulses, acyanotic PDA Fever, cough, colds,
Cyanotic at birth, egg on string TOGA conjunctivitis, rashes at the
Cyanosis at around 1yo, holosystolic murmur peak of the fever. Measles
TOF
right PSB, boot shaped heart Cephalocaudal. Branny
Unequal blood pressure on UE and LE, rib desquamation
COA
notching, inverted E
Snowman sign, cyanotic TAPVR 3Cs, Cephalocaudal, desquamation Measles/Rubeola
3-day measles, posterior auricular Rubella/German
Your patient previously adenopathy, cephalocaudal Measles
received a full course of rabies Rashes as the fever abates, may
Roseola
post exposure prophylaxis 2 trigger aplastic crisis
years ago. Today, he was Give rabies vaccine day 0 Slapped cheek appearance, spares Erythema
bitten by a dog and on and 3 palms and soles Infectiosum
assessment there was a Different stages of lesions present at
puncture wound on his face. Varicella
the same time
What is the appropriate
management? 3yo male. Father was
diagnosed to have PTB.
Immunologically naïve Cat II Vaccine Start IPT
Positive TB culture result.
Immunologically naïve cat III Vaccine + IG Management for patient?
Previously immunized within
No vaccine
3mos
Previously immunized
Vaccine BOOSTER
(>3mos) Cat II and III
Clean wound
Update rabies and tetanus
Remember
immunization
Antibiotics for cat III

4yo boy presented with 8 day

fever, joint pain, cervical
lymphadenopathy, and
Kawasaki Disease
maculopapular rashes on the
extremities that goes away
when exposed to cold.

Conjunctivitis, CLAD, oral mucosal involvement,

Kawasaki
rashes, desquamation or swelling of extremities
Adolescent female, SOAP BRAIN MD SLE
JONES criteria RF

Hypertension, hematuria,
PSGN
decrease C3, elevated ASO

HOHA Nephritis - PSGN

PALE Nephrotic - MCD
Nephritis, normal c3, URTI, MCC of GN
IgA nephropathy
worldwide
Nephritis, hemoptysis, anti-GBM
Goodpasture
antibodies
Nephritis, ocular problems, hearing
Alport
problems
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PEDIATRICS BUZZWORDS HANDOUT BY DR. IAN DE VERA Page 2 of 3
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
 TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PEDIATRICS BUZZWORDS HANDOUT BY DR. IAN DE VERA
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
This handout is only valid for October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
Nephritis, joint pains, abdominal pain, Tooth eruption usually at
HSP 6 months
palpable purpura what age?
Nephritis, renal failure RPGN Number of tooth per month 1
Nephritis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, Red flag 13mos
HUS
bloody diarrhea Suspect what disease? Hypothyroidism
MC nephrotic syndrome that does not Formula age in mos – 6
FSGS
respond to steroids Central mandibular
First tooth to erupt
incisors
Stage of bilateral WILMS
Stage V
tumor Patient with bacterial
meningitis, duration of 7 days
CHILDREN’S ONCOLOGY GROUP (COG) STAGING OF WILMS treatment for N. meningitidis
TUMOR
STAGE DESCRIPTION Organism Duration of Tx Drug
Tumor confined to the kidney and completely N. meningitides 7 PenG
resected. Renal capsule or sinus vessels not involved. Hib 7-10 Ceftriaxone
I
Tumor not ruptured or biopsied. Regional lymph S. pneumoniae 10-14 PenG or Ceftriaxone
nodes examined and negative E. coli 21 Cefotaxime
Tumor extends beyond the kidney but is completely
resected with negative margins and lymph nodes. At
II
least 1 of the following has occurred: (a) penetration
of renal capsule, (b) invasion of renal sinus vessels END OF PEDIATRICS BUZZWORDS
Residual tumor present following surgery confined to
the abdomen, including gross or microscopic tumor;
spillage of tumor preoperatiovely or
intraoperatively; biopsy prior to nephrectomy,
III
regional lymph node metastases; tumor implants on
the peritoneal surface; extension of tumor thrombus
into the inferior vena cava, including thoracic vena
cava and heart
Hematogenous metastases (lung, liver, bone, brain,
IV etc.) or lymph node metastases outside the
abdominopelvic region
V Bilateral renal involvement by tumor

Preterm neonate, early onset

respiratory distress, ground-
glass opacities with air
RDS
bronchograms, does not
respond well to oxygen
supplementation

Preterm neonate, early onset respiratory distress,

ground-glass opacities with air bronchograms, does RDS
not respond well to oxygen supplementation
Full term, CS delivery, fluids in lungs, responds well to
TTN
O2, relatively benign clinical course
Post term, meconium aspirated, right to left shunting
PPHN
of blood via PDA or FO. Increase pulmonary pressure

The patient grimaced upon

suctioning. In the APGAR
scoring what is your score for 1
reflex irritability in this
patient?

APGAR SCORING SYSTEM

0 POINTS 1 POINT 2 POINTS
Arms and Active
Activity Absent
legs flexed movement
Below 100
Pulse Absent Over 100 bpm
bpm
Grimace Active motion
Some flexion
(reflex Flaccid (sneeze, cough,
of extremities
irritability) pull away)
Body pink,
Appearance Completely
Blue, pale extremities
(skin color) pink
blue
Slow,
Respiration Absent Vigorous cry
irregular
Total Score:
0-3 Severely depressed
4-6 Moderately depressed
7-10 Excellent Condition

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP PEDIATRICS BUZZWORDS HANDOUT BY DR. IAN DE VERA Page 3 of 3
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.