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HLTAID011 Student Assessment Booklet V4.0 (ID 179710)
HLTAID011 Student Assessment Booklet V4.0 (ID 179710)
BOOKLET
HLTAID011 PROVIDE FIRST AID
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Assessment Overview
This Student Assessment Booklet includes all your assessment tasks for HLTAID011 Provide first aid.
Assessment Task 1: Scenarios Students will need to undertake four first aid scenarios in
First Aid Scenarios front of the assessor:
and Demonstrations Adult CPR
Infant CPR
Anaphylaxis
Asthma.
Students will also need to demonstrate the ability to
provide first aid for:
a snake bite
a basic wound
bleeding control
a suspected sprain/strain
a fracture
a person in shock.
Assessment Task 2: Scenarios Students will need to complete incident reports based on
Incident Reports the scenarios from Assessment Task 1 and answer
some questions.
Assessment Task 3: Theory Test Students must correctly answer all questions to show
Theory Test that they understand the knowledge required of this unit.
This will be done under test conditions.
Assessment Documents
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The Assessment Process and Your Rights
Assessment Outcomes
Each assessment task will be given an outcome of either Satisfactory (S) or Not Satisfactory (NS). You must
complete all tasks satisfactorily to achieve an overall outcome of Competent (C) for a unit. If one or more of
tasks are assessed as Not Satisfactory, you will be given an outcome for the unit of Not Yet Competent
(NYC).
You will be given a total of three attempts to complete each task and achieve a Satisfactory outcome. In the
case of resubmission, you will be given a date by which you will need to resubmit, and you’ll be given
feedback about what needs to be addressed in your resubmission.
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includes material from any sources such as staff, students, texts, resources and the internet, whether
published or unpublished.
Collusion – unauthorised collaboration between students.
Where your assessor believes there has been an incident of academic misconduct involving plagiarism,
cheating, and/or collusion, this will be addressed in line with the RTO’s policies and procedures which may
ultimately lead to your withdrawal or you needing to complete the whole unit again.
Assessment Appeals
If you don’t agree with an assessment decision made, you have the right to appeal it. You may need to lodge
your request for an appeal within a certain amount of time from the original decision being made. You will
need to make your appeal in writing and follow your RTO’s process for appeals. Refer to your Student
Handbook for more information about our appeals process.
Reasonable Adjustment
A legislative and regulatory framework underpins and supports the delivery of vocational education and
training across Australia. Under this framework, providers of vocational education and training must take
steps to ensure that students with recognised disabilities have the same learning opportunities and same
opportunities to perform and complete assessments as students without disabilities. Sometimes reasonable
adjustments are made to the learning environment, training delivery, learning resources and/or assessment
tasks to accommodate the particular needs of a student with a disability. An adjustment is reasonable if it can
accommodate the student’s particular needs while also taking into account factors such as:
The views of the student
The potential effect of the adjustment on the student and others
The costs and benefits of making the adjustment
RTOs are obliged by law to provide reasonable adjustments where required to ensure maximum participation
of students with a disability.
Making reasonable adjustments requires the RTO to balance the need for change with the expense or effort
involved in making this change. If an adjustment requires a disproportionately high expenditure or disruption
it is not likely to be reasonable.[1][1]
Please discuss with your assessor if you believe a reasonable adjustment to an assessment task, method or
process needs to be made on the basis of disability.
Dimensions of Competency
To be competent, you must show your ability to perform effectively in a broad capacity. The dimensions of
competency ensure the person being assessed has the skills to perform competently in a variety of different
circumstances. To be competent, you must demonstrate the following:
Task Skills: The skills needed to perform a task at an acceptable level. They include knowledge and
practical skills, and these are usually described in the performance criteria.
Task Management Skills: These are skills in organising and coordinating, which are needed to be able to
work competently while managing a number of tasks or activities within a job.
Contingency Skills: The skills needed to respond and react appropriately to unexpected problems,
changes in routine and breakdowns while also performing competently.
[1][1]
Source: Innovation & Business Skills Australia. (2015). BSB business services training package: implementation guide. Retrieved from
https://vetnet.gov.au/Public%20Documents/BSBv1.2%20Business%20Services%20Implementation%20Guide.pdf.
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Job Role/Environment Skills: The skills needed to perform as expected in a particular job, position,
location and with others. These skills may be described in the range of variables and underpinning skills
and knowledge.
Principles of Assessment
Validity:
‘An assessment decision of the RTO is justified, based on the evidence of performance of the individual
learner.’
Validity requires:
Assessment against the unit/s of competency and the associated assessment requirements covers
the broad range of skills and knowledge that are essential to competent performance
Assessment of knowledge and skills is integrated with their practical application
Assessment to be based on evidence that demonstrates that a learner could demonstrate these
skills and knowledge in other similar situations; and
Judgement of competence is based on evidence of learner performance that is aligned to the unit/s
of competency and associated assessment requirements.
Reliability:
‘Evidence presented for assessment is consistently interpreted and assessment results are comparable
irrespective of the assessor conducting the assessment.’
Flexibility:
‘Assessment is flexible to the individual learner by:
Reflecting the learner’s needs
Assessing competencies held by the learner no matter how or where they have been acquired
Drawing from a range of assessment methods and using those that are appropriate to the context,
the unit of competency and associated assessment requirements, and the individual.’
Fairness:
‘The individual learner’s needs are considered in the assessment process.
‘Where appropriate, reasonable adjustments are applied by the RTO to take into account the individual
learner’s needs.
‘The RTO informs the learner about the assessment process and provides the learner with the
opportunity to challenge the result of the assessment and be reassessed if necessary.’
Rules of Evidence
Validity:
‘The assessor is assured that the learner has the skills, knowledge and attributes as described in the
module or unit of competency and associated assessment requirements.’
Sufficiency:
‘The assessor is assured that the quality, quantity and relevance of the assessment evidence enables a
judgement to be made of a learner’s competency.’
Currency:
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‘The assessor is assured that the assessment evidence demonstrates current competency. This requires
the assessment evidence to be from the present or the very recent past.’
Authenticity:
‘The assessor is assured that the evidence presented for assessment is the learner’s own work.’
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Assessment Plan
The following outlines the assessment requirements for this unit. You are required to complete all
assessment requirements outlined below to achieve competency for this unit.
Your assessor will provide you with the due dates for each assessment task. Write them in the table below.
Read through the assessments in this booklet before you fill out and sign the agreement below. Make sure
you sign this before you start any of your assessments.
Have you read and understood what is required of you in terms of assessment? Yes No
Have you read and understood the RTO’s policies and procedures related to Yes No
reassessment?
Do you agree to the way in which you are being assessed? Yes No
Do you have any special needs or considerations that must be made in preparation Yes No
for this assessment? If yes, what are they?
__________________________________________________________________
Do you understand your rights to appeal the decisions regarding assessment? Yes No
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Students: Please fill out this cover sheet clearly and accurately. Make sure you have kept a copy of your
work.
Name:
Date of observation:
No. of Pages in
Submission:
Assessor to complete
Is this a
Satisfactory/ reassessment?
Assessment Task Number & Title Not satisfactory Date Y/N
STUDENT DECLARATION
I __________________________________________________ declare that these tasks are my own work.
þ None of this work has been completed by any other person.
þ I have not cheated or plagiarised the work or colluded with any other student/s in the completion of this
work.
þ I have correctly referenced all resources and reference texts throughout these assessment tasks.
þ I understand that if I am found to be in breach of the RTO’s policies, disciplinary action may be taken
against me.
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Note: If you are undertaking workplace-based training and assessment, you may be undertaking the
scenarios in your own workplace.
Your assessor will advise as to whether assessment will be held in your workplace or if you need to attend
a first aid class that provides a simulated workplace environment.
Simulated workplace environments may closely reflect your area of industry. Your assessor will ensure the
setup of the environments with appropriate props and space in which you can do your scenarios.
In some cases, your scenarios may be undertaken outdoors, particularly if the area you are studying has
an outdoor focus (for example, horticulture, sports and recreation, construction and so on).
TASK SUMMARY
For this task you are required to complete four first aid scenarios, covering:
1. Adult CPR
TASK SUMMARY
Single rescuer CPR on an adult manikin
Rotation of operators (with a classmate) on an adult manikin
The recovery position (with a classmate).
2. Infant CPR
3. Allergic reaction/anaphylaxis
4. Asthma attack.
You are also required to demonstrate your ability to provide first aid for:
a snake bite
a wound
bleeding control
a suspected sprain/strain
a fracture
shock.
WHAT HAPPENS IF If there are any tasks that you do not complete satisfactorily, your assessor will
YOU GET discuss with you any gaps in your skills and knowledge and will make arrangements
SOMETHING for reassessment or further training.
WRONG Your assessor will give you a due date by which this must be provided.
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SUBMISSION
REQUIREMENTS You do not need to submit anything for this task.
You will be observed by your assessor completing each first aid response
(scenarios and demonstrations). You are required to complete each one
TASK satisfactorily.
INSTRUCTIONS Instructions for each scenario and demonstration are provided below.
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You should ensure you have an understanding of the following processes prior to commencing these
scenarios.
DRSABCD
How to conduct a visual assessment
How to place someone in the recovery position
The secondary survey
How to deal with vomiting/regurgitation
Safe manual handling when dealing with a casualty
How to treat a casualty with respect
Monitoring a casualty until emergency services arrives
How to rotate operators with minimal disruption to CPR
The recovery position
How to provide an accurate verbal report to emergency services
How to review and debrief after a first aid situation.
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One of your colleagues comes to visit your workplace during her maternity leave. She has 9-month-old
twins. The babies are sitting on the floor playing together when one begins to choke. The mother panics.
She sees some small objects on the floor nearby – her baby must be choking on one!
The other baby is crying and distressed at the commotion.
Show your assessor that you can respond to this first aid situation.
You should ensure you have an understanding of the following processes prior to commencing this
scenario.
How to manage choking, including back slaps, chest thrusts and mouth-clearing processes
DRSABCD
Consent to perform first aid
How to conduct a visual assessment
The secondary survey
Safe manual handling when dealing with a casualty
Monitoring a casualty until emergency services arrive
The recovery position
How to provide an accurate verbal report to emergency services
How to review and debrief after a first aid situation.
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It is your birthday – you and your colleagues are having a morning tea to celebrate the fact that you are
getting another year older! You have cake, an assortment of sandwiches and slices as well as drinks and
a big bowl of nibbles.
Towards the end of the morning tea, one of your colleagues approaches you, they are struggling to
breathe and their face is swollen. They are anaphylactic to nuts and they think they may have ingested
some without knowing.
You should ensure you have an understanding of the following processes prior to commencing this
scenario.
How to make casualties comfortable and monitor their status
Consent to perform first aid
How to conduct a visual and verbal assessment
What to check prior to administering an adrenalin auto-injector
How to administer an EpiPen
Treating casualties with respect
Monitoring a casualty until emergency services arrives.
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You should ensure you have an understanding of the following processes prior to commencing this
scenario.
DRSABCD
Consent to perform first aid
How to conduct a visual and verbal assessment
How to use an inhaler (with and without spacer device) to treat asthma
How to make casualties comfortable and monitor their status
Treating casualties with respect.
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In this part you will need to demonstrate the ability to use correct first aid techniques for:
a snake bite
a basic wound
nose bleed
a suspected sprain/strain
a fracture
shock.
You should ensure you have an understanding of the following prior to commencing the demonstrations.
Asking for consent to provide first aid
Applying the pressure immobilisation technique
Basic wound care
Nose bleed
A suspected sprain/strain
Fracture
Shock
Making sure your casualty is comfortable
Treating your casualty with respect
Knowing when to send for help
Taking standard precautions.
DEMONSTRATION 1: ENVENOMATION
Show your assessor that you can provide first aid to a person who has been bitten by a snake, using the
pressure immobilisation technique.
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DEMONSTRATION 4: SPRAIN/STRAIN
Show your assessor that you can correctly provide first aid to a person who has a suspected sprain or strain
of the ankle.
DEMONSTRATION 5: FRACTURE
Show your assessor that you can provide first aid to a person who has fractured their forearm.
DEMONSTRATION 6: SHOCK
Show your assessor that you can provide first aid to a person who has gone into shock.
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Students: Please fill out this cover sheet clearly and accurately. Make sure you have kept a copy of your
work.
Name:
Date of observation/
submission:
No. of Pages in
Submission:
Assessor to complete
Is this a
Satisfactory/ reassessment?
Assessment Task Number & Title Not satisfactory Date Y/N
STUDENT DECLARATION
I __________________________________________________ declare that these tasks are my own work.
þ None of this work has been completed by any other person.
þ I have not cheated or plagiarised the work or colluded with any other student/s in the completion of this
work.
þ I have correctly referenced all resources and reference texts throughout these assessment tasks.
þ I understand that if I am found to be in breach of the RTO’s policies, disciplinary action may be taken
against me.
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Date: _______________
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For this task you are required to fill out incident reports for two of the scenarios from
TASK SUMMARY Assessment Task 1 and answer some questions.
RESOURCES AND
EQUIPMENT
REQUIRED Incident report template provided below.
WHAT HAPPENS IF If your assessor identifies that you did not complete one or both incident reports
YOU GET correctly (for example, by missing information or not following the provided
SOMETHING procedure) or correctly identify the breaches in procedure, they will provide you with
WRONG feedback and you will need to resubmit.
You are to fill out incident reports for two of the first aid scenarios you completed.
You are to imagine that each situation occurred in your workplace. Your workplace
procedure about how to report injuries or incidents is provided below.
You will need to follow the procedure and fill out the incident reports using the
TASK template provided (two copies have been provided in your Student Assessment
INSTRUCTIONS Booklet). You are to assume your assessor is the manager, and you are the first
aider.
Choose two appropriate incidents from Assessment Task 1 that meet the
requirements of the procedure.
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On the day of the incident, you get a copy of the form from the Human
Resources office. You fill it out but leave it on your desk because you have to go
to a meeting. After the meeting you go home. You have the following day off.
When you return to work you find that someone has moved the incident report
into your in tray. You go looking for your manager but they aren’t in the office yet,
so you drop the form into the Administration Officer’s in tray with a note for it to
be passed on to the manager – they sit right outside the manager’s office so they
can easily pass it on.
Based on this scenario, write down how you have not followed your workplace’s
procedure in terms of maintaining confidentiality and privacy.
Submit the Incident Report Form and your answers to the questions to your
assessor.
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Students: Please fill out this cover sheet clearly and accurately. Make sure you have kept a copy of your
work.
Name:
Date of submission:
No. of Pages in
Submission:
Assessor to complete
Is this a
Satisfactory/ reassessment?
Assessment Task Number & Title Not satisfactory Date Y/N
STUDENT DECLARATION
I __________________________________________________ declare that these tasks are my own work.
þ None of this work has been completed by any other person.
þ I have not cheated or plagiarised the work or colluded with any other student/s in the completion of this
work.
þ I have correctly referenced all resources and reference texts throughout these assessment tasks.
þ I understand that if I am found to be in breach of the RTO’s policies, disciplinary action may be taken
against me.
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For this task you are required to correctly answer all the questions to demonstrate
TASK SUMMARY your knowledge of first aid principles and practices.
RESOURCES AND
EQUIPMENT Pen
REQUIRED Additional paper if required.
WHAT HAPPENS IF If your assessor identifies that you have answered any questions incorrectly, they
YOU GET will talk to you about resubmission. You will need to do one of the following:
SOMETHING Answer the questions that were incorrect in writing.
WRONG Answer the questions that were incorrect verbally.
SUBMISSION
REQUIREMENTS Student Assessment Booklet 2 with all answers completed.
You are to complete this closed book test during the first aid class. In order to pass
you must answer all the questions correctly. You will be given 60 minutes to
TASK complete the test.
INSTRUCTIONS You may request additional paper from your assessor if you need it.
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Once a first aider begins to render first aid assistance, they have a duty of Correct Incorrect
care for the physical wellbeing of the casualty.
An employer may not direct a first aider to cease providing first aid. Correct Incorrect
It is not acceptable for a first aider to hand over to another person, if that Correct Incorrect
person has superior first aid skills.
Duty of care means that a first aider must provide first aid with ‘ordinary’ skill Correct Incorrect
and to the best of their ability.
c) What should you do if a first aid situation is beyond your skills and limitations? Tick the correct answer.
o Try your hardest to provide first aid based on what you think is the correct thing to do.
o Do nothing in case you make a mistake.
o Seek assistance from trained professionals – for example, emergency services.
d) What should an organisation do to minimise risks and hazards in the workplace? Tick the four correct
answers.
o Identify hazards that may result in causing injury.
o Make sure every hazard is eliminated no matter what the cost to the workplace.
o Assess the type, severity and likelihood of these injuries to determine how great the risk is.
o Only manage risks that are determined as ‘high risk’.
o Provide relevant first aid equipment, facilities and training.
o Review first aid requirements regularly or if circumstances change.
e) Before you apply any first aid to a casualty, should you obtain consent? Tick the correct answer.
o If the person is conscious you must obtain consent as they have a right to refuse treatment.
o There is no need to obtain consent, the ambulance service has a duty of care to provide treatment
no matter what the circumstances.
o Consent must be obtained in every circumstance.
f) How should privacy and confidentiality be maintained during and after a first aid event? Tick the four
correct answers.
o You should tell your close friends everything about the event, as it will hopefully encourage them to
become first aiders.
o During a first aid event bystanders should be removed as much as is practicable to ensure privacy.
o Following the first aid event, you should well-wishers about the casualty’s condition.
o Staff needing to debrief with other colleagues should do so respectfully and confidentially.
o Incident reports should be kept in a secure place, accessible only to authorised people.
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You should not tell the casualty the details about the extent of their injuries if Correct Incorrect
they ask you.
Always reassure and calm the casualty during a first aid incident. Correct Incorrect
You don’t need to tell the casualty everything you are doing. It’s better they Correct Incorrect
don’t know.
You must respect the right of the casualty to refuse first aid. Correct Incorrect
You should deal with all casualties the same way, regardless of their culture. Correct Incorrect
You think the casualty has done something stupid that resulted in their injuries. Correct Incorrect
You should tell them this so they don’t do it again – it’s for their own good!
h) What do you need to be aware about in a workplace First Aid Kit? Tick the three correct answers.
o The First Aid Kit is fully stocked
o All of the equipment in the First Aid Kit is in date
o There should always be Panadol stocked in a First Aid Kit
o The First Aid Kit is suitable for the workplace and the types of incidents/injuries that are more likely to
occur
Signs of stress can include irritability, withdrawal and changes in sleep Correct Incorrect
patterns.
Rest, sleep and meditation are good stress relievers. Correct Incorrect
It’s not normal to feel guilt, fear or shame after a first aid incident. Correct Incorrect
It is okay to contact ‘Lifeline’ if you are struggling to cope or deal with a first aid Correct Incorrect
incident you were involved in or witnessed.
Using alcohol and other drugs as a coping mechanism can be helpful in the Correct Incorrect
short term.
Debriefing after an incident helps to identify any issues with your first aid Correct Incorrect
response.
Reviewing policies, procedures and actions taken after an incident helps to Correct Incorrect
identify any issues with your first aid response.
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3 Early defibrillation
2 Early CPR
b) The backward head tilt and chin lift is used for adults and older children. Tick ‘Correct’ or ‘Incorrect’ to the
following statements.
The tongue and other soft tissues may block the airway because muscles are Correct Incorrect
relaxed in an unconscious person.
Without the head tilted back, the mouth will tend to fall open which may block Correct Incorrect
the airway.
The backward head tilt position can be used for casualties with suspected Correct Incorrect
spinal injury.
A casualty who is sitting upright with their head dropped down will not be in Correct Incorrect
danger of a blocked airway.
If you notice someone has dentures, you should leave them in. Correct Incorrect
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You should check for anything in the casualty’s mouth using your fingers. Correct Incorrect
You should place the casualty in the recovery position if they are unconscious Correct Incorrect
and have a clear airway.
If someone is choking from a partial obstruction, you should slap them on the Correct Incorrect
back.
If a person can speak or cough, it means they have a partial obstruction of the Correct Incorrect
airway.
If someone is choking from a partial obstruction, you should ask them to Correct Incorrect
cough.
Casualties should still be checked over by a medical profession even if the Correct Incorrect
obstruction has been removed.
Conscious adults and children over 1 year of age can be given 5 back slaps, Correct Incorrect
with 5 chest thrusts if unsuccessful.
You should give all 5 back slaps in one go to make sure the obstruction clears. Correct Incorrect
QUESTION 5 – CPR
a) You would commence CPR in which of the following situations? Tick the two correct answers.
o If the person is unconscious and not breathing.
o If the person is unconscious and not breathing normally.
o If the person is unconscious and breathing normally.
b) Tick the criteria required for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. There are two correct answers.
o Casualty is conscious.
o Casualty is unresponsive/unconscious.
o Casualty is not breathing normally.
c) What should you change about your CPR technique if a patient is under 12 months old? Tick the two
correct answers.
o Use two fingers instead of two hands for compressions and give smaller breaths.
o Use two hands over the middle of the chest.
o Use heel of one hand on the middle of the chest.
o Make sure the head is not tilted.
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QUESTION 6 – AEDS
a) What is an AED? Tick the correct answer.
o An AED is a portable device used to detect breathing.
o An AED is a portable device used in hospitals to check for injuries.
o An AED is a portable device that is used on any casualty over 12 months of age who requires CPR.
o An AED is a device found in ambulances to diagnose injuries and illness.
b) Does a person have to be trained to operate an AED? Tick the correct answer.
o Yes, training is essential before operating an AED.
o No, whilst it is preferable that a person has been trained; a PAD (public access defibrillator) may be
operated by an untrained person.
c) Tick ‘Correct’ or ‘Incorrect’ to the following statements.
You should only use an AED on someone who is unresponsive and not Correct Incorrect
breathing normally.
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The pads on an AED must be placed so they do not touch. Correct Incorrect
It is possible to place the pads with one on the back and one on the chest if Correct Incorrect
necessary for better positioning.
An adult AED may be used on children over eight years of age. Correct Incorrect
Pads on an AED with paediatric capability are preferred for a child aged Correct Incorrect
between 1–8 years and with a body weight up to 25kgs.
If the pads are too large, you can place one pad on the back and one on the Correct Incorrect
chest.
Someone should hold the casualty down while the AED is being used. Correct Incorrect
You should stop CPR while the AED is being prepared. Correct Incorrect
If a casualty has a pacemaker, you should make sure the AED pad is at least Correct Incorrect
8cm away.
Defibrillation pads should be replaced according the expiry date shown, Correct Incorrect
usually every two years
It is best to use an AED when the casualty is lying on a metal surface Correct Incorrect
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A Allergies
M Medications
L Last eaten
E Event Leading Up to
d) There are a number of things you can do as part of a visual and verbal assessment. Tick the six things
that can be done when checking a casualty.
o Ask the casualty how well they can see.
o Look for visual signs of injuries.
o Look for medical bracelets.
o Look for medication, drugs or poisons.
o Look for signs of bleeding and obvious injury.
o Ask the casualty if they feel any pain.
o Use a tactile survey (touch) if the casualty is unconscious.
o Look to see if there is anyone else nearby who can help with the casualty.
o Work from the toes up to the head when the casualty is unconscious.
o All of the above.
e) What regions of the body do you need to check during a visual assessment?
o Head and spine.
o Head, spine, chest, abdomen, limbs and pelvic region.
o Ears, ears, nose throat.
o Legs, spine and head.
o Pelvic region, head and spine.
o Abdomen, head and spine.
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You don’t need to check for a response if someone appears to be unconscious. Correct Incorrect
A casualty who has been unconscious for only a very short time needs to be Correct Incorrect
assessed by a medical practitioner.
Concussion will never lead to brain swelling and bleeding within the skull. Correct Incorrect
Grasp and squeeze the shoulders of an unconscious casualty to try and get a Correct Incorrect
response.
Unconscious casualties will need to be put into the recovery position to protect Correct Incorrect
their airway.
Where the neck is involved in a head or spinal injury, you should not support Correct Incorrect
the casualty’s head and neck with your hands.
You will need to do a visual and tactile (touch) survey on an unconscious Correct Incorrect
casualty.
If a casualty has a major head injury, you should assume there is potential for a Correct Incorrect
spinal injury.
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c) Dislocation of a finger.
d) Near drowning where the casualty is found not breathing in the water.
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Very dry, itchy eye. Sit the casualty down looking towards the
light and try to locate the particle by examining
Watering eye.
eye and lids.
Staring gaze.
Ask casualty to rub eye hard to attempt to
Constant blinking or unable to open eye. remove foreign particle.
Swollen, red eyes. Remove any object penetrating from the
eye with tweezers.
Headaches.
If object is visible remove with corner of
damp cloth.
If unable to remove – or can’t find it,
provide eye wash with sterile saline or clean
water.
If unable to remove, cover with gauze
dressing and tell them to leave it on for 48
hours. If not better by then, see medical
practitioner.
g) Cuts and abrasions on legs and knees from falling onto asphalt.
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j) Shock.
Dizziness, confusion and deterioration of Control any bleeding with direct pressure.
consciousness, nausea or vomiting – possible
Ensure the casualty is comfortable
collapse.
preferably lying down with legs elevated.
A casualty in shock will never vomit.
Make comfortable, ensuring the legs are
Muscle weakness, restlessness and lower than the heart.
possibly anxiety.
Ask casualty to breath into a brown paper
Thirst. bag.
Shortness of breath with very slow Provide oxygen if available and trained to
breathing. do so.
Cold sweaty skin that may appear pale – Keep casualty very cool.
complains of feeling cold.
DRSABCD – if unconscious, follow basic
Hot, dry itchy skin that appears reddened. life support chart.
Rapid breathing. Give alcoholic drink.
k) Stroke.
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m) Focal seizures
Jerking movements of the head, arms Gently guide the casualty past obstacles
and/or legs which may result in loss of and away from dangerous places.
consciousness.
Give them a cup of tea and a biscuit.
Casualty may appear unresponsive and
Once the seizure finishes, calmy talk with
confused.
the casualty and they regain awareness and
Salivation/frothing of the mouth. ask if they are OK.
Smacking of the lips, wandering and or Restrain the casualty so they cannot hurt
fumbling movements of the hand may be themselves.
present.
Reassure the casualty that they are safe
May display inappropriate behaviour that and that you will stay with them until they
may be mistaken for alcohol/drug intoxication or recover.
psychiatric disturbance.
Call 000 if you feel unsure about the
seizure or if it lasts for longer than five minutes.
n) Absence seizures
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o) Heart attack.
q) Dehydration
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QUESTION 11 – HEATSTROKE
a) Heat exhaustion and heatstroke present with the same symptoms. Which one of the below items tells
you that a person is suffering from heatstroke rather than heat exhaustion?
o After half an hour they are not getting any better.
o After several minutes they are not showing signs of improvement.
o They are walking around okay but still feel a bit unwell.
o They are able to stand and talk to you clearly.
b) Tick the symptoms shown by a person with heatstroke.
o Coughing.
o Coma.
o Seizures.
o Sneezing.
o Hives, welts and redness over the body.
o Abnormal walking.
o Swelling of the lips.
o Incoherent speech.
o Confusion.
c) The first aid procedures below are imperative for athletes suffering from heatstroke. Fill in the blanks to
indicate what steps must be taken.
__Takeout__________ as much clothing as possible.
___Give Bath_______ with any available water.
____Fan____ vigorously by whatever means possible – improvise e.g. use a clipboard, bin lid.
When available, cool or ice water immersion is the most effective cooling means possible:
_______Hold_________ the athlete up to the neck in a cool or ice bath OR
_____Cover_______ all of the body with ice water soaked towels that are changed frequently as an
alternative if a bath isn’t available but ice is.
_________ Call___________ to summon emergency services, but do so once you are certain first aid
cooling is being implemented.
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PIT
Ice pack
Tick
Vinegar
PIT
Ice pack
Snake
Vinegar
PIT
Ice pack
Spider
Vinegar
PIT
Ant Ice pack
Vinegar
PIT
Jelly Fish Ice pack
Vinegar
PIT
Spider Ice pack
Vinegar
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PIT
Ice pack
Wasp
Vinegar
PIT
Snail Ice pack
Vinegar
PIT
Octopus Ice pack
Vinegar
PIT
Honey Bee Ice pack
Vinegar
b) Where can you obtain authoritative first aid advice about poisons? Tick the two correct answers.
o Ask your work colleague.
o Your state’s Poisons Information Centre.
o Safety data sheet.
o Local library.
c) Tick ‘Correct’ or ‘Incorrect’ to the following statements.
A child who has swallowed sleeping pills who is conscious but drowsy should Correct Incorrect
be made to vomit.
Vomit does not need to be sent with the patient for analysis at the hospital, Correct Incorrect
even if the source of the poison is not known.
Milk or ice cream should be given to people who have swallowed corrosives. Correct Incorrect
People who have swallowed non-corrosive poison should be given a glass of Correct Incorrect
salty water to take to induce vomiting.
QUESTION 13 – FRACTURES
a) A greenstick fracture is…
o Most likely to occur in an adult.
o Most likely to occur in a child.
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Fracture where the skin around the fracture is not broken YES NO
If you have called an ambulance keep them still until they arrive 6
Don’t let the casualty drink or eat as they may need surgery 3
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Call ambulance. 2
An adrenalin auto-injector is the only treatment for a severe allergic reaction Correct Incorrect
anaphylaxis
Mild to moderate allergic reactions will not turn into anaphylaxis. Correct Incorrect
Anti-histamines are the treatment for a mild to moderate allergic reaction in Correct Incorrect
most cases
f) Tick the items from the following list that are possible triggers of asthma.
o Colds and flu/illness.
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g) Which items from the following list are signs/symptoms of asthma? Tick the five correct answers.
o Dry, irritating cough/chest tightness.
o Bleeding from the nose.
o Shortness of breath/wheezing.
o Hives, welts and redness over body.
o Pale and sweaty skin.
o High fever.
o Blue discolouration around the lips.
h) How should asthma medication be administered for someone who is suffering an asthma attack? Tick
the correct answer.
o Ten puffs of medication with four breaths in between each puff – administered every four minutes
until improved.
o Four puffs of medication with one breath in between each puff – administered every ten minutes until
improved.
o Four puffs of medication with four breaths in between each puff – administered every four minutes
until improved.
i) During an asthma attack, when should you call an ambulance? Tick the correct answers.
o If it is the first time the child has had an asthma attack.
o If you have administered medication following the 4x4x4 method and the child has not improved.
o If the child’s condition deteriorates rapidly.
QUESTION 16 – RICER
a) What does the acronym RICER stand for?
R ___Rest_______
I ____Ice____
C ______Compression________________
E __________Elevation________
R __________Referral________
b) When is the RICER procedure used? Tick the correct answer.
o When a person feels faint.
o Sprains and strains.
o Fractured bones.
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QUESTION 17 – BLEEDING
a) What is the correct treatment for nose bleed? Tick the correct answer.
o Sit with head forward, apply direct pressure for 10–20 minutes.
o Sit with head forward, apply direct pressure for 10 minutes only, ask casualty to blow their nose to
check whether bleeding has stopped.
o Sit with head forward, apply direct pressure for 10 minutes only, place hot compress to back of neck.
b) A casualty is bleeding profusely from a large gaping cut. What action should you take? Tick the correct
answer.
o Wrap up loosely in a towel to absorb the blood.
o Apply a tourniquet to reduce blood flow.
o Hold wound downwards to drain.
o Press skin edges together and apply direct pressure with pad and bandage, elevate.
QUESTION 18 – BURNS
a) Which of the following burns are considered to be serious, requiring urgent medical care? Tick the
correct answers.
o Deep burns.
o Superficial burns involving 9% of the body for an adult and 5% for a child.
o Superficial burns involving 5% of the body for an adult and 3% for a child.
o Superficial burn of the index finger on a 10-year-old child.
o Superficial burn to the genitalia of a 30-year-old woman.
o Burns to the airway, hands, feet and armpits.
o Inhalation burns.
o Superficial burn to the right leg between the top of the calf and groin on an adult.
o All of the above.
b) Someone you work with has spilled boiling water over their body. For how long should you irrigate the
affected area? Tick the correct answer.
o 30 minutes.
o 10 minutes.
o 15 minutes.
o 20 minutes.
c) The person who has spilled boiling water over their body is now very cold and shivering. You have been
irrigating the burn with cool water for only five minutes. What should you do? Tick the correct answer.
o Continue to irrigate until 20 minutes have passed.
o Give them a blanket.
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If burn is caused by bitumen, you should immediately remove bitumen from the Correct Incorrect
casualty’s skin to save them from further burns.
You should use your bare hands to remove contaminated clothing from a Correct Incorrect
casualty who has suffered a chemical burn.
You should immediately run cool tap water directly onto the chemical burn area Correct Incorrect
for at least one hour or until the stinging stops.
You should refer to the safety data sheet or instructions on the container for Correct Incorrect
specific treatment.
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Casualty’s name:
Age of casualty:
Date/time of incident:
Witnesses:
Type of injury/injuries:
Signature __________________________________________________________________________
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