DRUG STUDY

DRUG NAME ROUTE AND MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING

PREPARATION OF ACTION AND PRECAUTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
CNS: unusual Observe and
Generic Name: Route: The exact Initial treatment Contraindicated in tiredness or supervise closely.
mechanism of of active TB wih known
hypersensitivity, weakness Patients should
Pyrazinamide PO other receive at least one
action is
unknown. antituberculotics cross-sensitivity
ethionamide,
with GI:
hepatotoxicity, other effective
or after antituberculosis
Brand Name: Preparation: Pyrazinamide
gets activated treatment failure isoniazid, niacin or
nicotonic acid, anorexia,
diarrhea, nausea, agent concurrently.
Rifater, Tebrazid Preparation to Pyrazinoic with other severe hepatic vomiting Examine patients at
500 mg scored acid in the bacilli primary drugs in damage. regular intervals
where it any form of Use cautiously in : GU: dysuria
Drug Classification: or unscored interferes with active TB. acute gout, DM,
and question about
tablet. acute ittermittent Skin: acne, possible signs of
Anti-mycobacterial fatty acid polyuria, pregnancy itching, toxicity: Liver
class Intermittent synthase FAS I. photosensitivity, enlargement or
dosing at twice This interferes rash tenderness,
Dosage: or thrice weekly with the Metabolic: jaundice, fever,
up to 50 mg/kg bacteriums hyperuricemia anorexia, malaise,
Tablet: 500mg can be given. ability to impaired vascular
Children: synthesize new Musculoskeletal: integrity
30–40 fatty acids, arthralgia, gouty (ecchymoses,
mg/kg/dose. required for arthritis
growth and petechiae,
replication. Hepatic: abnormal bleeding).
jaundice
 DRUG NAME ROUTE AND MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING
PREPARATION OF ACTION AND PRECAUTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Route: The mechanism Ethambutol is Contraindicated in CNS: dizziness, Perform visual
of action is not used for the
Ethambutol PO completely treatment of knownhypersensitivity,
fever,
hallucinations,
acuity and color
hydrochloride Preparation: known. pulmonary discrimination tests
Ethambutol tuberculosis with ckilden < 13 years
old, pt with optic headache, before and during
other malaise, mental therapy.
Brand Name: primary may inhibit medications that neuritis confusion,
treatment and synthesis of treat TB (e.g. Use cautiously in : pt peripheral neuritis Ensure that any
Etuibi, prophylaxis: one or more isoniazid) with impaired renal EENT: optic changes in vision
Myambutol Ethambutol
should be matabolites of
susceptible .
function, cataracts,
ecurrent eye neuritis, ireversible don`t result from
underlying
administered in bacteria, inflammation, gout, blindness, condition
a single daily changing cell diabetic retinopathy. decreased visual
Drug oral dose of metabolism acuity Obtain AST and
calssification: 15mg/kg,
concomitant during cell GI: abdominal ALT levels before
Antitubercular drugs being division; pain, anorexia, GI therapy and
agents maintained at bacteriostatic. upset, nausea, monitor these
their vomiting levels every 3 to 4
Dosage: recommended Hematologic: weeks.
dosage levels. thrombocytopenia, In patients with
Tablets: 100 mg, re-treatment: leukopenia, impaired renal
400 mg For the first 60 neutropenia function, base
days of Skin: toxic dosage on drug
treatment, epidermal level
Ethambutol
should be necrolysis, Monitor uric acid
administered in dermatitis, pruritus level, observe
a single daily Musculoskeletal: patient for signs
oral dose of and symptoms of
25mg/kg. joint pain gout
Metabolic:
hyperuricemia
OTHERS:
hypersensitivity
reactions,
precipitation of
acute gout
 DRUG NAME ROUTE AND MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATI ADVERSE NURSING
PREPARATIO OF ACTION ON AND REACTION RESPONSIBILITI
N PRECAUTION ES
Generic Name: Route: Inhibits DNA- for the treatment Contraindicated in CNS: headache, Monitor hepatic
PO, IV dependent RNA of tuberculosis hypersensitivity to fatigue, function,
Rifampin polymerase, and tuberculosis rifampin
drugs,
or related drowsiness, hematopoietic
(Rifampicin) Preparation: which impairs -related behavioral studies, and uric
Oral - Take RNA synthesis , mycobacterial Use cautiously in : changes, dizziness, acid level.
Brand Name: batericidal. infections pt with liver disease mental confusion,
the capsule or diabetes. inability to In patients with
Rifadin, Rofact on an empty concentrate, existing impaired
stomach, 1 general numbness, hepatic function,
hour before or ataxia, fever monitor LFT
Drug Classification: 2 hours after values, especially
Anti-mycobacterial a meal, with a CV: flushing, shock AST and ALT,
class full glass of before therapy,
EENT: visual then every 2 to 4
Dosage: water disturbances, weeks during
IV infusion - conjunctivitis, sore therapy.
Capsules: Reconstitute mouth or tongue, Watch for and
150mg,300mg the lyophilized tooth discoloration report signs and
powder by GI: epigastric symptoms of
Powder for transferring distress, anorexia, hepatic
infections: 10 mL of nausea, vomiting, impairment.
600mg/vial sterile water
for injection to abdominal pain,
a vial diarrhea, flatulence For TB, a three-
containing Hematologic: drug regimen of
600 mg of rifampin,isoniazid
rifampin for thrombocytopenia, (INH), and
injection transient pyrazinamide is
leukopenia, recommended in
eosinophilia, the initial phase
hemolytic anemia. of short- course
therapy, which is
Hepatic: usually continued
hepatotoxicity for 2 months.
Skin: pruritus, Look alike-sound
urticaria, rash alike: Don't
Musculoskeletal: confuse rifampin
muscular with rifabutin,
weakness, pain in rifaximin,
extremities rifapentine, or
Rifamate.
Metabolic:
hyperuricemia
OTHERS: flulike
syndrome,
discoloration of
body fluids,
porphyria
exacerbation,
hypersensitivity
reactions,
 DRUG NAME ROUTE AND MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING
PREPARATION ACTION AND PRECAUTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Route: Streptomycin’s It's primarily Contraindicated to Black, tarry Lab tests: Obtain C&S
IM mechanism of used as part of patients stools tests prior to and
Streptomycin action is to inhibit the multi-drug hypersensitive to periodically during
Preparation: protein synthesis treatment of streptomycin or other Chest pain course of therapy.
Brand Name: of mycobacteria pulmonary aminoglycosides, Cough
Powder for in the ribosome. tuberculosis. severe In patients with
Rimosidine injection, vial hypersensitivity to Dizziness impaired kidney
containing 1 g of sulfites, concomitant function, frequent
Drug streptomycin live bacterial Chills determinations of
Classification: base, to be vaccines serum drug
Aminoglycoside dissolved in 3.2 Burning concentrations and
Antibiotics ml of water for Itching periodic kidney and
injection to liver function tests are
Dosage: obtain a 250 Numbness advised
Powder for mg/ml solution,
infections: 1g for IM injection. Feeling of Be alert for and report
constant immediately symptoms
injectable movement of ototoxicity
solution: of self or Be aware that auditory
40mg/mL surrounding nerve damage is usually
(pediatric) s preceded by vestibular
Tingling symptoms and high-
feeling pitched tinnitus, roaring
noises, impaired
hearing, sense of
fullness in ears.
Monitor I&O. Report
oliguria or changes in
I&O ratio (possible
signs of diminishing
kidney function).
 DRUG NAME ROUTE AND MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING
PREPARATION OF ACTION AND CAUTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Route: May inhibit cell- it is used for Contraindicated in CNS: peripheral Monitor and
Isoniazid (INH, PO, IM wall the treatment patients with acute neuropathy, interview patients
isoonicotinic acid biosynthesis by of all forms of hepatic disease or seizures, toxic monthly.
hydrazide) Preparation: interfering with tuberculosis or isoniazid- related encephalopathy,
lipid and DNA prevent its liver damage. memory For those patients
Brand Name: PO: synthesis; reactivation. impairment, toxic older than age 35,
Always give drug bactericidal. Use cautiously in psychosis. also measure
Isonarif, with other It can be used older adults, in hepatic enzyme
Isotamine, antituberculotics
to prevent
in combination patients with chronic
with other non-isoniazid-related
EENT: optic
neuritis and atro-
levels before and
periodically
Isotamine B, development of medications liver disease or phy. Gli epigastric throughout
Rifamate, Rifater resistant used to treat chronic alcoholism, distress, nausea, treatment.
Drug organisms. TB. those with seizure vomiting.
Classification disorders (especially Perform
antituberculosis Don't give with if taking phenytoin), Hematologic: mycobacternal
agents food. and those with agranulocytosis, studies and
. severe renal aplastic anemia, susceptibility tests
IM: impairment. thrombocytopenia, prior to and
Dosage: Solution may eosinophilia, periodically during
crystallize at a low hemolytic anemia, therapy to defect
Injection: 100 temperature. . sideroblastic possible resistance
mg/ml. Warm vial to room anemia.
temperature If overdosage
Oral solution: 50 before use to Hepatic: hepatitis, occurs treatment
mg/5 ml. redissolve bilirubinemia, with pyridoxine is
Tablets: 100 mg, crystals. jaundice. instituted.
300 mg Inject deep IM Metabolic:
into a large hyperglycemia,
muscle mass hypocalcemia,
metabolic
acidosis.
Skin: irritation at
injection site.
Other:
gynecomastia,
hypersensitivity
reactions,
pyridoxine
deficiency,
rheumatic and
lupuslike
syndromes