BASED ON CBSE SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER (2023-24) CHAPTER-12 ATOMS

SUBJECT: PHYSICS (THEORY)

Maximum Marks: 70 Time Allowed: 3 hours.

General Instructions:

(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.

(3) All the sections are compulsory.

(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark
each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of
three marks each, Section D contains two case study-based questions of four marks each and Section
E contains three long answer questions of five marks each.

(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in
Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in
Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.

SECTION (A)

1. For scattering of α-particles, Rutherford’s suggested that

(a)mass of atom and its positive charge were concentrated at centre of atom
(b)only mass of atom is concentrated at centre of atom
(c)only positive charge of atom is concentrated at centre of atom
(d)mass of atom is uniformly distributed throughout its volume
2. To explain his theory, Bohr used
(a) conservation of linear momentum (b) quantisation of angular momentum
(c) conservation of quantum (d) none of these.
3. The ratio of energies of the hydrogen atom in its first to second excited state is
(a) 1: 4 (b) 4: 1 (c) – 4: – 9 (d) –1/4: -1/9
4. Taking the Bohr radius as a0 = 53 pm, the radius of Li++ ion in its ground state, on the basis of
Bohr’s model, will be about
(a) 53 pm (b) 27 pm (c) 18 pm (d) 13 pm
5. The ratio of the speed of the electrons in the ground state of hydrogen to the speed of light in
vacuum is (a) 1/2 (b) 2/237 (c) 1/137 (d) 1/237
6. The wavelength of the first line of Lyman series in hydrogen is 1216 Å. The wavelength of the
second line of the same series will be
(a) 912 Å (b) 1026 Å (c) 3648 Å (d) 6566 Å
7. When an electron in an atom goes from a lower to a higher orbit, its
(a) kinetic energy (KE) increases, potential energy (PE) decreases
(b) KE increases, PE increases (c) KE decreases, PE increases (d) KE decreases, PE decreases
8. The Bohr model for the spectra of a Hydrogen-atom
(a) will not be applicable to hydrogen in the molecular from.
(b) will not be applicable as it is for a He-atom.
(c) is valid only at room temperature.
(d) predicts continuous as well as discrete spectral lines.
9.In the α-particle scattering, the shape of the scattered α-particle depends on
(a) only on impact parameter
(b)only on the source of α-particles
(c)both impact parameter and the source of α-particle
(d) impact parameter and the screen material of the detector
10. The simple Bohr model cannot be directly applied to calculate the energy levels of an atom with
many electrons. This is because
(a) of the electrons not being subject to a central force.
(b) of the electrons colliding with each other.
(c) of screening effects.
(d) the force between the nucleus and an electron will no longer be given by Coulomb’s law.
11. For the ground state, the electron in the H-atom has an angular momentum = h, according to the
simple Bohr model. Angular momentum is a vector and hence there will be infinitely many orbits
with the vector pointing in all possible directions. In actuality, this is not true,
(a) because Bohr model gives incorrect values of angular momentum.
(b) because only one of these would have a minimum energy.
(c) angular momentum must be in the direction of spin of electron.
(d) because electrons go around only in horizontal orbits.
12. According to Bohr’s theory, the energy of radiation in the transition from the third excited state
to the first excited state for a hydrogen atom is (a) 0.85 eV (b) 13.6 eV (c) 2.55 eV (d) 3.4 eV

Directions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion and
Reason. While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the
following four responses.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of
the Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of
the Assertion.
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

13. Assertion (A): Bohr model is not applicable for multi-electron model.
Reason (R): Bohr model cannot account for sublevel (s, p, d, f) orbitals and electron spin.

Ans. Option (A) is correct.

14.Assertion (A): Bohr postulated that the electrons in stationary orbits around the nucleus do not
radiate.

Reason (R): According to classical Physics, all moving electrons radiate.

15.Assertion (A): The trajectory of scattered α-particles can be decided by impact parameter.

Reason(R): Impact parameter is the distance between the α-particle and the nucleus.

16. Assertion (A): According to Rutherford, atomic model, the path of electron is parabolic.

Reason (R): Rutherford could not explain the stability of atom.

SECTION (B)

17. In the Rutherford scattering experiment the distance of closest approach for an α-particle is R. If
α-particle is replaced by a proton, how much kinetic energy in comparison to α-particle will it require
to have the same distance of closest approach R?

18. What is the ratio of radii of the orbits corresponding to first excited state and ground state in a
hydrogen atom?

OR

Show that the radius of the orbit in hydrogen atom varies as n2 , where n is the principal quantum
number of the atom.

19. In an experiment on a-particle scattering by a thin foil of gold, draw a plot showing the number of
particles scattered versus the scattering angle θ. Why is it that a very small fraction of the particles is
scattered at θ > 90°?

20. Using De-Brogli Hypothesis find out the wavelength of the electron orbiting in the ground state of
hydrogen atom.

21. The energy levels of an atom are given below in the diagram.
Which of the transitions belong to Lyman and Balmer series? Calculate the ratio of the shortest
wavelengths of the Lyman and the Balmer series of the spectra.

SECTION (C)

22. (a) State Bohr’s quantization condition for defining

stationary orbits. How does de Broglie hypothesis
explain the stationary orbits?

(b) Find the relation between the three wavelengths

λ1, λ2 and λ3 from the energy level diagram shown
below.

24. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is – 13.6 eV. If an electron makes a transition from an
energy level – 1.51 eV to – 3.4 eV, calculate the wavelength of the spectral line emitted and name
the series of hydrogen spectrum to which it belongs.

25. The short wavelength limit for the Lyman series of the hydrogen spectrum is 913.4 Å. Calculate
the short wavelength limit for Balmer series of the hydrogen spectrum.

26. It is found experimentally that 13.6 eV energy is required to separate a hydrogen atom into a
proton and an electron. Compute the orbital radius and the velocity of the electron in a hydrogen
atom.

OR

A hydrogen atom initially in the ground level absorbs a photon, which excites it to the n = 4 level.
Determine the wavelength and frequency of photon.

27. A 10 kg satellite circles earth once every 2 h in an orbit having a radius of 8000 km. Assuming that
Bohr’s angular momentum postulate applies to satellites just as it does to an electron in the
hydrogen atom, find the quantum number of the orbit of the satellite.

28. Using the Rydberg formula, calculate the wavelengths of the first three spectral lines in the
Lyman series of the hydrogen spectrum.

SECTION (D) Case study

29.The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of

frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted by an atom’s electrons when they are returned to a
lower energy state. Each element’s emission spectrum is unique, and therefore spectroscopy can be
used to identify elements present in matter of unknown composition. Similarly, the emission spectra
of molecules can be used in chemical analysis of substances. The emission spectrum of atomic
hydrogen is divided into a number of spectral series, with wavelengths given by the Rydberg formula.
(i)When an electron jumps in n=1 orbit, the series of spectral lines obtained is called:

(a)Balmer Series (b)Pfund Series (c)Brackett Series (d)Lyman Series

(ii) The wave numbers decrease from

(a)Lyman to Pfund series(b)Pfund series to Lyman series(c)Balmer series to Brackett series(d)None

(iii) Which of the series lies in Visible region of electromagnetic spectrum?

(a) Lyman(b) Balmer(c) Paschen(d) Brackett

(iv) (v) The value of maximum wavelength emitted in Lyman series is

(a) 1/R(b) 4/3R(c) 4/R(d) 3/4R

30. A radioactive source emitting alpha

particles was enclosed within a
protective lead shield. The radiation was
focused into a narrow beam after passing
through a slit in a lead screen. A thin section
of gold foil was placed in front of the slit, and
a screen coated with zinc sulphide to render
it fluorescent served as a counter to detect
alpha particles. As each alpha particle struck
the fluorescent screen, it produced a burst of
light called a scintillation, which was visible
through a viewing microscope attached to the
back of the screen. The screen itself was
movable, allowing to determine whether or not any alpha particles were being deflected by the gold
foil.

(i)The particles which were deflected backwards in Rutherford’s experiment were hit upon by

(a)Nucleus(b)Empty space(c)Electrons(d)Protons

(ii) According to the Rutherford atomic model, the whole atom is

(a) Positively Charged(b) Negatively Charged(c) Neutral(d) None of the above

(iii)Rutherford in his atomic model could not explain the behaviour of which of the following

(a) Proton(b) Neutron(c) Electron(d) Neutrino

(iv)Electron revolves around the nucleus in orbits which have

(a) variable energy(b) fixed energy(c) infinite energy(d) zero energy

SECTION (E)
31. Draw a schematic arrangement of Geiger-Marsden experiment for studying a-particle scattering
by a thin foil of gold. Describe briefly, by drawing trajectories of the scattered a-particles. How this
study can be used to estimate the size of the nucleus?

32. Using Bohr’s postulates, obtain the expression for the total energy of the electron in the
stationary states of the hydrogen atom. Hence draw the energy level diagram showing how the line
spectra corresponding to Balmer series occur due to transition between energy levels.

33. (a) State Bohr’s postulate to define stable orbits in hydrogen atom. How does de Broglie’s
hypothesis explain the stability of these orbits?

(b) A hydrogen atom initially in the ground state absorbs a photon which excites it to the n = 4 level.
Estimate the frequency of the photon.

(c) The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13.6 eV. What is the kinetic and potential energies
of the electron in the ground and second excited state?