CRACK WIDTH CHECK FOR SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM

DESIGN CODE AS 3600 : 2018

Input / Defaults
BeamNo : B6
Location : Mid Zone (Bottom)
B ≔ 450 mm ----------- Width of the Beam
D ≔ 800 mm ----------- Depth of the Beam
M ≔ 223.78 kN·m ----------- Un-factored Bending Moment
f'c ≔ 25 MPa ----------- Grade of Concrete (Cylindrical Strength)
fsy ≔ 500 MPa ----------- Grade of Reinforcement
Cc ≔ 40 mm ----------- Nominal Cover to Beam Tension Reinforcement
Es ≔ 200000 MPa ----------- Modulus of elasticity of reinforcement
ρ ≔ 2400 ----------- Plain Concrete Density in kg/cum
t ≔ 365 ----------- Age of Concrete at the Moment considered in days
τ ≔ 28 ----------- Age of Concrete at Loading in days
wk'max ≔ 0.2 mm ----------- Maximum Permissible Crackwidth in concrete
fcm ≔ 31 MPa ----------- Mean value of cylinder strength - Table 3.1.2
fcmi ≔ 28 MPa ----------- Mean value of the in site compressive strength
of concrete at Relevant age - Table 3.1.2
ϕcc.b ≔ 4.20 ----------- Basic Creep Coefficient as per Table 3.1.8.2

Beam Cross Section

Tension reinforcement
ϕ1 ≔ 16 mm ----------- Diameter of Tension Reinforcement at Bottom Most layer
N1 ≔ 5 ----------- No of Rebar at Bottom most Layer
ϕ2 ≔ 16 mm ----------- Diameter of Tension Reinforcement at Inner layer
N2 ≔ 4 ----------- No of Rebar at Inner Layer

π ⋅ ϕ1 2 π ⋅ ϕ2 2
Ast ≔ ――― ⋅ N1 + ――― ⋅ N2 = ⎛⎝1.81 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ mm 2 ----------- Area of Tension Reinforcement
4 4 Provided

f'ct.f ≔ 0.6 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾

f'c ⋅ MPa = 3 MPa ----------- Characteristic Uniaxial Tensile Strength of
Concrete - Clause 3.1.1.3
f'ct ≔ 0.6 ⋅ f'ct.f = 1.8 MPa ----------- Characteristic Flexural Tensile Strength of
Concrete at 28 days-Clause 3.1.1.3
 ----------- Characteristic Flexural Tensile Strength of
Concrete at 28 days-Clause 3.1.1.3

Ecj ≔ ‖ if f'c ≤ 40 MPa | | = ⎛⎝2.675 ⋅ 10 4 ⎞⎠ MPa

‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ ρ 1.5 ⋅ 0.043 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
fcmi ⋅ MPa ||
‖ | | ----------- Modulus of elasticity
‖ else | | of concrete Clause 3.1.2
‖ ‖ 1.5 ⎛ ⎞ |
fcmi ⋅ MPa + 0.12 MPa ⎠ || |
‖‖ ‖ ρ ⋅ ⎝0.024 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ |
σcbc ≔ 0.45 ⋅ fcmi = 12.6 MPa ----------- Permissible Compressive Stress in Concrete
- Clause 3.1.8.3

deff ≔ 730 mm ----------- Effective Depth of the Section

Calculation of Creep co-efficient (Clause 3.1.8)

Ac ≔ B ⋅ D = ⎛⎝3.6 ⋅ 10 5 ⎞⎠ mm 2 ----------- Smallest cross sectional area of the concrete

u ≔ 2 ⋅ B + 2 ⋅ D = ⎛⎝2.5 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ mm ----------- The length of the outside perimeter

of the concrete cross section
Ac
th ≔ 2 ―― = 288 mm ----------- Hypothetical Thickness of Member
u used in determining Creep

⎛ -((0.008 ⋅ th)) ⎞
α2 ≔ 1 + 1.12 ⋅ exp ⎜――――⎟ = 1.112 ----------- Clause 3.1.8.3
⎝ mm ⎠

t 0.8
k2 ≔ α2 ⋅ ―――――――= 0.803 ----------- Clause 3.1.8.3
⎛⎛ 0.8 ⎛ th ⎞⎞⎞
⎜⎜t + ⎜0.15 ⋅ ―― ⎟⎟⎟
⎝⎝ ⎝ mm ⎠⎠⎠

2.7
k3 ≔ ――――= 1.103 ----------- Clause 3.1.8.3
((1 + log ((τ))))
k4 ≔ 0.5 ----------- Constant as per Environment
Conditions Clause 3.1.8.3
0.7
α3 ≔ ―――= 1.259 ----------- Clause 3.1.8.3
((α2 ⋅ k4))

k5 ≔ ‖ if f'c ≤ 50 MPa ||=1

‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖1 ----------- Modification factor for Hight strength
|| concrete Clause 3.1.8.3
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖( f'c |
)
‖ ‖ (2 - α3) - 0.02 ⋅ ―― ⋅ (1 - α3) | |
( )
MPa ||
‖ ‖ |
k6 ≔ 1 ----------- Constant - if Stress should not exceed
0.45*fcmi - Clause 3.1.8.3

ϕcc ≔ k2 ⋅ k3 ⋅ k4 ⋅ k5 ⋅ k6 ⋅ ϕcc.b = 1.86 ----------- Design Creep Coefficient for Concrete

Clause 3.1.8.3
 Ecj
Ec ≔ ―――= ⎛⎝9.355 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ MPa ----------- Modulus of concrete due to Creep
((1 + ϕcc)) Clause 8.6.2.3

Calculation of Stress in Concrete

Es
ηe ≔ ―― = 21.38 ----------- Effective Stress in concrete after Creep
Ec Clause 8.6.2.3

Ast
pt ≔ ―――― = 0.006 ----------- Reinforcement Ratio
((B ⋅ deff))

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2
k≔ ((2 ⋅ pt ⋅ ηe)) + ((pt ⋅ ηe)) - ((pt ⋅ ηe)) = 0.382 ----------- Ratio of Neutral Axis depth
to effective depth
kd ≔ k ⋅ deff = 278.597 mm ----------- Neutral Axis Depth

M
σo ≔ ―――――――― = 5.603 MPa ----------- Compressive Stress in Concrete
⎛ kd ⎞ ⎛ ⎛ kd ⎞⎞
⎜B ⋅ ―⎟ ⋅ ⎜deff - ⎜―⎟⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ ⎝ 3 ⎠⎠

Check1 ≔ ‖ if σo ≤ σcbc | | = “Singly Reinforced Section”

‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ “Singly Reinforced Section” | |
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖‖ ‖ “Doubly Reinforced Section” | ||

Check2 ≔ ‖ if σo ≤ σcbc| | = “OK” ----------- Check for Permissible Stress in Concrete

‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ “OK” ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖‖ ‖ “Revise” | ||

Determine Factor k1, k2

k1 ≔ 0.8 ----------- 0.8 for high bond bars &1.6 for bars
with an effectively plain surface
- Clause 8.6.2.3

k2 ≔ 0.5 ----------- 0.5 for Bending & 1.0 for

pure tension Clause 8.6.2.3

Determine Factors hceff, Aceff, ρeff

hceff1 ≔ 2.5 ⋅ ((D - deff)) = 175 mm

((D - kd))
hceff2 ≔ ―――= 173.801 mm
3
D
hceff3 ≔ ―= 400 mm
2
 hceff ≔ min ((hceff1 , hceff2 , hceff3)) = 173.801 mm ----------- Effective Height of
Concrete in Tension
Aceff ≔ hceff ⋅ B = ⎛⎝7.821 ⋅ 10 4 ⎞⎠ mm 2 ----------- The Effective Area of Concrete in
Tension Surrounding the Bar with
Depth hceff
Ast
ρeff ≔ ――― = 0.023 ----------- Reinforcement Ratio
Aceff in Concrete in Tension

Determine Sr,max (Clause 8.6.2.3 (3)

ϕ1
Srmax ≔ 3.4 ⋅ Cc + 0.3 ⋅ k1 ⋅ k2 ⋅ ―― = 218.984 mm ----------- Reinforcement Ratio
ρeff in Concrete in Tension
Calculation of Stress in Reinforcement
⎛ kd ⎞
z ≔ ⎜deff - ―⎟ = 637.134 mm ----------- Lever Arm
⎝ 3 ⎠

((M))
σscr ≔ ――― = 194.097 MPa ----------- Design Stress in Tension Reinforcement
((Ast ⋅ z))
σscrper ≔ 0.8 ⋅ fsy = 400 MPa ----------- Permissible Stress in Tension
Reinforcement -Clause 8.6.2.2
Check3 ≔ ‖ if σscr ≤ σscrper| | = “OK” ----------- Check for Permissible Stress
‖ ‖ || in Reinforcement
‖ ‖ “OK” ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖‖ ‖ “Revise” | ||

Calculation of Strain in Concrete (Eq. 8.6.2.3 (2)

σscr ((0.6 ⋅ f'ct))
ε1 ≔ ――- ―――― ⋅ ((1 + ((ηe ⋅ ρeff)))) = 6.216 ⋅ 10 -4
Es ((Es ⋅ ρeff))

σscr
ε2 ≔ 0.6 ⋅ ――= 5.823 ⋅ 10 -4
Es
ε ≔ max ((ε1 , ε2)) = 6.216 ⋅ 10 -4 ----------- Mean strain difference in tension
reinforcement and compressive concrete

Calculation of Design Crackwidth (Eq. 8.6.2.3 (1)

wk ≔ ε ⋅ Srmax = 0.136 mm

Check4 ≔ ‖ if wk ≤ wk'max| | = “OK” ----------- Check for Permissible Crackwidth

‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ “OK” ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖‖ ‖ “Revise” | ||
RCDC Output - Design Calculation Report