*Balance is a condition or quality which
gives a feeling of rest, repose, equilibrium, or
stability.
2Types:
Formal or Symmetrical Balance - is the
balance of equal visual weights placed at
equal distance from the axis.
Informal or Asymmetrical Balance - is the
balance of unequal visual weight, the heavier
one being nearer the axis
*Proportion in art is the comparative
harmonious relationship between two or more
elements in a composition with respect to size,
color, quantity, degree, setting, etc.; i.e. ratio.
2types
"Bad Proportion"- creates lack of harmony.
Good Proportion- Create harmony in the
composition
*rhytm -
Rhythm in art is a visual principle that creates
a sense of movement and flow within an
artwork.
Types
Alternating rhythm describes an artwork
that contains an interchangeable repetition of
two or more components.
Random rhythm describes an artwork
containing elements that repeat without a
specified order or arrangement.
Flowing rhythms are created when organic
shapes and forms are repeated, or where
repetition is irregular.
Regular rhythm – Like the beating of a
heart,
Progressive rhythm defines an artwork
containing repeated elements in a pattern that
shifts as they repeat, either in size or color.
*Emphasis is the art of making a specific
element be noticeable or draw attention to the
eye. Emphasis shows that you have a point to
your piece.
Types
Emphasis by Focal Point- One way used to
draw attention in the design is the use of a
focal point.
Emphasis by Contrast-Uses the differences
between things to make something stand out.
Emphasis by Placement-The location of
elements within a piece can help to highlight
the focal point
Emphasis by Color-The general use of a
color or color family is used to set a tone or
mood.
Emphasis by Movement-Elements of
different color, value, or shape direct the
watcher's eyes to a focal point.
Emphasis by Difference-You can create
emphasis by introducing an element that is
different
*Contrast - this principle is synonymous to
opposition or contradiction
Two-Dimensional Media:
Drawing and Painting
Drawing is the first step in producing artwork
but sometimes, an artist’s drawing is the
finished artwork.
Drawing Media-Some of the popular
drawing media are graphite pencils, colored
pencils, crayons, colored markers, pens,
pastels, and chalks.
Shading is the use of light and dark values to
create the illusion of form. There are four
main shading techniques
 Hatching. This technique consists of
drawing thin lines that run in the same
direction.
  Crosshatching. Shading created using
crisscrossing lines is called
crosshatching.
 Stippling. Shading that creates dark
values by means of a dot pattern is
referred to as stippling.
 Blending. Artists perform blending by
changing the color value little by little.
*Painting is the process of applying color
to a surface using tools such as a brush, a
painting knife, a roller, or even your
fingers.
Painting Media
Oil-Based Painting-First used in the 1400s,
oil paint remains a popular medium today.
True to its name, oil paint uses linseed oil as
its binder.
Water-Soluble Painting-The most popular of
water-based painting media, watercolor takes
its name from its solvent, water.
Three-Dimensional Media: The Sculpture
Sculpture -is a three-dimensional work of art.
Sculpture is art that is made to occupy space.
Media of Sculpture-Like other artists,
sculptors use a wide variety of media in their
work
SCULPTURE IN THE ROUND-This type
of sculpture is surrounded by space. Another
name for sculpture in the round is
freestanding sculpture.
RELIEF SCULPTURE-This type of
sculpture projects into space from a flat
background.
Sculpting Techniques
Modeling. In this process, a soft, pliable
material is built up and shaped. Media such as
clay, wax, and plaster are used in modeling.
Carving. In carving, the sculptor cuts, chips,
or drills from a solid mass of material to
create a sculpture.
Casting. In casting, molten metal or another
substance is poured into a mold and allowed
to harden.
Assembling. In this process, also called
constructing, a variety of different materials
are gathered and joined together to make a
sculpture
Technological Media:
Photography, Film and Video
Photography -is the technique of capturing
optical images on light- sensitive surfaces
Media of Photography
Daguerreotype-L.J.M. Daguerre invented a
process of creating silvery, mirrorlike images
on a copper plate.
Wet Plate Method-Invented in 1950s. It used
glass coated with chemicals to record the
image, which was then transferred to paper or
cardboard.
Film- A movie, or motion picture, like any
work of art is created for others to enjoy.
Film Camera-It has a mechanism that moves
the film through the camera
Video- Videotape records and stores images
and sounds as magnetic impulses
Video Camera-Video is a remarkable
development because, unlike film, it does not
require special processing or printing.