POINTERS TO REVIEW in DRRR 5.

Liquefaction: This process turns the

ground into a material with quicksand-
I. BASIC CONCEPT OF DISASTER AND like consistency, messing up
DISASTER RISK extensive areas including many cities,
1. Disaster: This refers to the occurrence of farmlands and etc.
an event that depends on the interplay 6. Groundwater pressure: The sudden
between a natural phenomenon and the changes in the water level of bodies of
vulnerabilty of population exposed. water adjacent to a slope is caused by
2. Hazard: This refers to the probability of this factor.
occurrence at a given magnitute. 7. Tsunami: This may occur when ocean
3. Exposure: The elements at risk from a water is displaced suddenly causing
natural or man-made hazard event the formation of waves that reach the
4. Vulnerability: The diminished capacity of shore in large heights.
an individual or group to anticipate, cope 8. Earthquake-induced landslide: This is
with, resist, and recover from impact of a an earthquake initiated significant
natural or man-made hazard liquefaction that drastically changed
5. Elements Exposed to Hazards: the ground surface.
Environmental: ecosystems 9. 3-days rule: minimum day to be
Social-Economic: institutional/ gov’t system prepared following an earthquake
Physical: landscapes, bldg., structure 10. Instruments to measure the EQ
6. Types of Hazard  Richter Magnitude Scale: the
 Natural: caused by physical & amount of seismic energy
biological elements in the  Mecalli Scale& Rossi-Forel:
environment, may not be earthquake intensity
controlled III. VOLCANIC HAZARDS
 Man-made Hazard: “technological 1. Lava Flow: molten rock
hazards”, traced to the human 2. Pyroplastic Flow: slow-moving,
error glowing lava
3. Avalanche: landslides that occur in
II. EARTHQUAKE HAZARD volcanic slopes
4. Tephra: volcanic rock/lava materials
1. Natural Frequency: This refers to the ejected in air
frequency at which a system naturally 5. Carbon Monoxide: asphyxia,
vibrates once it has been set into dizzeness
motion. 6. Hydrogen sulfide:upper respiratory
2. Surface Wave: This is a type of wave tract
wherein it travels slower than the 7. Flourine: causes conjucntivitis
other waves. 8. Ballistic Flow: flows follow slope on
3. Ground shaking: This is what we feel the way down
when energy built up by the 9. Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):
application of stress to the lithosphere relative explosiveness of eruptions
is released by faulting during an based mainly on visual observations
earthquake. 10. VEI 8: is the highest scale
4. Ground rupture: This is the result of
an earthquakes occur by a sudden
motion along lithospheric breaks God bless & Goodluck!
called faults.
Mami Cha

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