HYPOTHESIS TESTING OF THE AVERAGE OF FIRST YEAR

STUDENTS AND LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF THE SALES

OF OVISCCO MEAT SHOP

Final Exam – Math 89 Engineering Data Analysis E1A4

Vince Nixau A. Padel

BS Chemical Engineering – I

Kristoffer Flores
Instrustor

Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan

May 2021
 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
(Average Age of 1st year students)
Overview/Background
College is the most crucial part of our lives. Being a college student, one must
be matured, disciplined, responsible, and know his/her priorities in life. A study shows
that the age of a college usually ranges from 18-24 years old. In addition, according
to the UK Education System, Year 1 students’ averages 18 years old. One reason for
this is that children usually start their primary at the age of 6 years old. Moreover,
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development states that young adults begin more about
moral, philosophical, ethical, social, and political issues that require theoretical and
abstract reasoning. Furthermore, during the researcher’s kumustahan of one of his
classes, he notices that several of the students of that class belong to 18 years old.

Math 87.1 is an Integral Calculus class with 29 enrolled students. Out of 29

students, 17 students are of age 18 years old. The researcher aims to determine that
the mean age of the said class is 18 years old.

𝑯𝟎 : 𝝁 = 𝟏𝟖
𝑯𝑨 : 𝝁 ≠ 𝟏𝟖
Methods of Gathering Data

In gathering the data, the researcher collected the students’ ages posted on
eLearn. Furthermore, the researcher has a consent from the participants to use their
ages. The participants of this study are students from MATH 87.1 E1A block.

TABLE 1. The Ages of MATH 87.1 students.

Statistics
a. State the Hypothesis
● 𝑯𝟎 : 𝝁 = 𝟏𝟖
● 𝑯𝑨 : 𝝁 ≠ 𝟏𝟖
b. Formulate an Analysis
● One-sample T-test
● Significance Level= 0.05
c. Analyze Sample Data
i. Degrees of Freedom (DF)
n= Sample Size
DF= n-1
DF= 29-1
=28
ii. Test Statictics

iii. Interpret results

 According to the table above, with our significance level of 5% and DF of 28,
we have a critical value of 4.0505. Since 4.0505> p(2.048), we must reject the null
hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis.

CONCLUSION
Therefore, using the 29 participants at 95% confidence interval through a one
sample two-tailed t-test, the null hypothesis is rejected. There is a significant difference
between the average age of the block and the tested mean, 18 years old. The mean
average is not 18 years old.
 REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(Sales of OVISCCO Meat Shop)
Overview/Background

OVISCCO meat shop is one of the sari-sari stores in our barangay in Bukidnon.
During the pandemic, its sales declined slowly because of the buyers’ situation. Even
though the sales are declining, the owners’ have been making plans to improve its
sales and bring the glory back to the store. Currently, the store has been doing well
and the income is slowly rising.

This paper aims to analyze the linear regression of the sales of the said
business. The researcher analyzes using sales of the store for 2 weeks.

Linear Regression using Least Square Method

 ∑(𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )(𝑦 − 𝑦̅)
𝒃𝟏 =
∑(𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2
51364
𝒃𝟏 =
227.5
𝒃𝟏 = 𝟐𝟐𝟓. 𝟕𝟖

̂ = 𝑏0 + 𝑏1 𝑥
𝒚
9183.571429 = 𝑏0 + 225.77(7.5)
𝒃𝟎 = 𝟕𝟒𝟗𝟎. 𝟐𝟐
̂ = 𝟕𝟒𝟗𝟎. 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐𝟓. 𝟕𝟕𝒙
𝒚

Calculating R2 using Regression Analysis

∑(𝑦̂ − 𝑦̅)2
𝟐
𝑹 =
∑(𝑦 − 𝑦̅)2
11597178.5
𝑹𝟐 =
74455239.4
𝑹𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓𝟓𝟖
Standard Error of the Estimate

∑(𝑦̂ − 𝑦)2
𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝑬𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆 = √
𝑛−2

62858490.1
𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝑬𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆 = √
14 − 2

𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝑬𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆 = 𝟐𝟐𝟖𝟖. 𝟕𝟏

Linear Regression Graph

CONCLUSION
The R2= 0.1558 and is validated using the regression analysis function could
be seen above. With this little regression, we can conclude that the sales are slowly
increasing daily. The multiple R= 0.39 is positive, as the independent variable
increases, the dependent variable also increases. Hence, the sales increase as the
days goes by.

Video Presentation Link: https://youtu.be/8P0_sXzDxkE

References

UK Education System. UKEAS. (n.d.). https://www.ukeas.ph/boarding-schools/uk-

education.php.

Cherry, K. (2020, March 31). What are Piaget's four stages of development? Verywell
Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/piagets-stages-of-cognitive-
development-2795457.