BỘ ĐỀ ÔN TẬP NGOẠI NGỮ 1 TIẾNG ANH Y KHOA

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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y KHOA PHẠM NGỌC THẠCH

KHOA CƠ BẢN VÀ Y HỌC CƠ SỞ
BỘ MÔN NGOẠI NGỮ 1 (TIẾNG ANH Y KHOA)
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 HỌ VÀ TÊN:……………………………………………………………………………
 LỚP:………………………………………………………………………………………
 MÃ SỐ SINH VIÊN:…………………………………………………………….……
 NĂM HỌC:………………………………………………………………………………
https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100085890381504.
https://www.instagram.com/travishoaian82/
https://www.youtube.com/@huynhhoaian0802
"I don't want to forget anything that happened since it was one of those remarkable moments".
TÀI LIỆU CHỈ MANG TÍNH CHẤT THAM KHẢO, MỌI SAI SÓT MONG ĐƯỢC
LƯỢNG GIÁ BỎ QUA.
TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO:
Bài giảng Tiếng Anh Y khoa 1, Bộ môn Ngoại ngữ 1, Trường Đại học Y khoa Phạm
Ngọc Thạch.
Link record bộ môn Ngoại ngữ 1 (Tiếng Anh Y khoa) 2022-2023:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_vzkNmss2I&list=PL6sXDUueeKQyKYRyz2Yz
mOJZ-q1ejLEn2
Remastered by: TRAVIS HOÀI’S VERSION (黄怀恩) Someday when you leave me, I'll bet these memories
FROM THE VAULT Follow you around
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Cause baby, I could build a castle Out of all the bricks they threw at me.
And every day is like a battle, But every night with us is like a dream.
I looked around in a blood-soaked gown.

And I saw something they can’t take away.
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MIDTERM TEST RHM DƯỢC 2021

Chọn 1 câu trả lời đúng nhất
1. Dysphagia and dyspepsia are difficulty or pain with ________:
A. chewing and intestinal motility. B. speaking and motility.
C. swallowing and digestion. D. breathing and absorption.
2. A colonoscopy is ______:
A. a radiograph of the small intestine. B. an endoscopic study of the esophagus
C. an upper endoscopy with biopsy. D. an endoscopic examination of the large.
3. Sternotomy is:
A. incision into the sternum. B. removal of the sternum.
C. narrowing of the sternum. D. plastic repair of the sternum.
4. Which of the following is NOT a function of the oral cavity?
A. Lubrication. B. Digestion of cholesterol fats.
C. Digestion of carbohydrates. D. Mechanical processing of food.
5. Which of the following are the actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs?
A. Bronchioles. B. Terminal sacs. C. Alveoli. D. Pleural spaces.
6. Which of the following statements describes surfactant?
A. It replaces mucus in the alveoli. B. It helps prevent the alveoli from collapsing.
C. It protects the surface of the lungs. D. It forms mucus in the alveoli.
7. To which of the following does blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit
first enter?
A. Left atrium. B. Left ventricle. C. Right atrium. D. Right ventricle.
8. Which suffix means to rupture?
A. -rrhage. B. -rrhaphy. C. -rrhea. D. –rrhexis.
9. ______ is the tissue death of an artery or arteries.
A. Arterionecrosis. B. Arteriostenosis. C. Atherosclerosis. D. Arthrosclerosis.
10. Mrs. Valladares has a bacterial infection of the lining of her heart. This condition is
known as bacterial _____.
A. Endocarditis. B. myocarditis. C. pericarditis. D. valvulitis.
11. The surgical removal of the gallbladder is known as a ____.
A. Cholecystectomy. B. cholecystostomy. C. cholecystotomy. D. choledocholithotomy.
12. Abnormally rapid, deep breathing resulting in decreased levels of carbon dioxide in
the blood is known as _________
A. apnea. B. dyspnea. C. hyperventilation. D. hypoventilation.
13. A patient scheduled for echoencephalography will undergo a study of which of the
following?
A. Abdomen. B. Brain. C. Heart. D. Spine.
14. Which term refers to a class of drugs that relieves pain without affecting consciousness?
A. analgesic. B. barbiturate. C. hypnotic. D. sedative.
15. The processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment are
known as __________
A. Hemothorax. B. homeostasis. C. hypophysis. D. metabolism.
16. Which of the following terms means drainage from the nose?
A. Rhinolalia. B. Rhinomycosis. C. Rhinophyma. D. Rhinorrhea.
17. Which of the following terms refers to pain?
A. Arthralgia. B. Diplopia. C. Dysplasia. D. Hemiplegia.
18. Which of the following does the writer mention about tissues?
Human beings are probably the most complex organisms on the planet Earth. The
human body is only a single structure, but it is made up of billions of smaller structures beginning
with the cell, which is the smallest and simplest unit of any living matter. It can reproduce itself.
In fact, the complex human body begins as single fertilized cell that multiplies again and again. As
the cells multiply, some specialize into cells for a particular part of the body or a specific function.
Similar cells organize themselves into tissues. Four basic groups of them help the body’s organs
and systems function properly: epithelial tissue, which forms the surface of the skin; connective
tissue, which gives support and protection to the soft parts the body including cartilage and bone;
muscle tissue, which contracts and provides energy and mobility; and nerve tissue, which
transmits information from one part of the body to another.
A.They serve to connect the body’s organs and systems together.
B.Their purpose is to assist in the proper functioning of organs and systems.
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C.They coordinate communication between the various cells of the body.

D.They function to form specialized cells that the body needs to make organs.
19. Which of the following is NOT true of the cell?
Human beings are probably the most complex organisms on the planet Earth. The
human body is only a single structure, but it is made up of billions of smaller structures beginning
with the cell, which is the smallest and simplest unit of any living matter. It can reproduce itself.
In fact, the complex human body begins as single fertilized cell that multiplies again and again. As
the cells multiply, some specialize into cells for a particular part of the body or a specific function.
Similar cells organize themselves into tissues. Four basic groups of them help the body’s organs
and systems function properly: epithelial tissue, which forms the surface of the skin; connective
tissue, which gives support and protection to the soft parts the body including cartilage and bone;
muscle tissue, which contracts and provides energy and mobility; and nerve tissue, which
transmits information from one part of the body to another.
A It has the ability to make another cell. B It is the smallest part of the human body.
C It numbers in the billions in a single human. D It is the most complex entity on earth.
20. Look at the four positions (A, B, C, D) in the following paragraph and indicate where
the CAPITALIZED sentence would be added.
THE HEAD HOUSES THE BRAIN AND COMPRISES THE EYES, EARS, NOSE AND MOUTH THAT
MAKE UP A PERSON’S FACE.
Aside from major groups and systems, the human body has what is known as regional
groups. (A) There are seven of them in total: head, neck, upper limb, thorax, abdomen, pelvis and
lower limb. (B) Each of the groups can be subdivided into small parts, and each group contributes
to the proper operating of the b ody in many ways. The upper limb, for example, includes the
hand, wrist, forearm, elbow and shoulder. (C) The facial parts enable a person to see, hear, smell
and taste. However, in anatomy, the neck and head are regarded as one regional group. The neck
serves to support the head and allow the individual to turn his or her head and flex it in all
directions. (D)
A. (A). B. (B). C. (C). D. (D).
MIDTERM TEST Y2021A

1. Which statement is NOT true?
A. Food is mostly digested in the stomach.
B. Protein molecules are broken down in the stomach.
C. Enzymes in the stomach help with the digestion of protein.
D. Enzymes boost chemical reactions.
2. The AV valve separates the left atrium and the right atrium.
A. TRUE. B. FALSE.
3. It is gravity which causes blood to flow from the ventricles to the atria.
A. TRUE. B. FALSE.
4. The small intestine is the location where ______
A. most foods are digested and absorbed.
B. very little food is digested or absorbed.
C. most foods are absorbed.
D. most foods are digested.
5. The job of this organ is to secrete hormones.
A. endocrine gland. B. stomach. C. gall bladder. D. liver.
6. __Alveoli___ are very tiny bubbles where gas exchange takes place.
7. The epiglottis____ is a flap of tissue that covers the trachea when you swallow.
8. __Trachea__is the rigid structure that connects larynx with the bronchi.
9. The doctor listens to heart sounds with a _stethoscope____.
10. _____artery__ carry blood directly from the heart. They have thick, muscular walls.
[Này có số nhiều ko?? Directly from the heart thì a nghĩ là Aorta xem lại câu 14 đi hén]
11. The layer of the heart wall actually does the pumping of blood is the __myocardium___.
12. Blood containing food molecules goes from the small intestine to the __liver___.
13. A ring of muscles that separates two organs is called a __sphincter____.
14. __Peristalsis____ is a special type of muscle contraction that propels food down the
esophagus to the stomach.
15. __Saliva____liquefies food and begins to digest starch molecules.
16. Macrophages are found in the __Alveoli__(plural)
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17. The strings that keep valves from opening in the wrong direction are called___chordae
tendineae___.
18. The rate of contraction is determined by ______sinoatrial node____ (also called the
pacemaker).
19. Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the ___blood vessels______
______ (plural).
20. You can tell if a food is sweet or salty because you have _____taste buds __(plural ) in your
mouth.
MIDTERM TEST Y2021B

1. Where does food go after it leaves the stomach? (No more than 3 words):
2. What covers the trachea when you swallow food? (No more than 3 words)
3. What organ does NOT come into contact with food?

A. Liver. B. Gall bladder. C. Bile duct. D. All of these.
4. Which statement is TRUE?
A. Endocardium is the outermost layer of the heart.
B. The fifirst heart sound is caused by the closing of the semilunar valves.
C. Heart rate increases during hypothermia.
D. Cardiac muscle fifibers are autorhythmic.
5. What contraction moves in waves to squeeze food down the esophagus to your stomach?
(No more than 3 words).
6. What is the largest artery in the body?

A. Carotid artery. B. Radial. C. Aorta. D. Femoral.
7. What molecule keeps alveoli inflflated? (No more than 3 words).
8. The __________ artery takes blood to the lungs. (No more than 3 words)
9. Breathing is controlled by the ____________.

A. Diaphragm. B. intercostal muscle. C. bronchiole. D. brain.
10. Canine teeth are used for ______ food.
A. Chewing. B. biting. C. tearing. D. grinding.
11. What is the outermost layer of a tooth?
12. Peptic ulcers are caused by eating spicy food.

A. True. B. False.
13. It is normal when air travels through the esophagus.
A. True. B. False.
14. The tricuspid valve is on the right and the bicuspid valve on the left.
A. True. B. False.
15. ____________ is the bacterial infection of the abdominal cavity caused by constipation.
A. Peritonitis. B. Bronchitis. C. Hepatitis. D. Appendicitis.
16. Blood flflow from the _______ to the ventricles. (No more than 3 words)
17. What does a doctor use to listen to heart sounds?
18. Which layer of the heart contracts when it beats?

A. Myocardium. B. epithelium. C. endocardium. D. pericardium.
19. What is NOT the function of saliva?
A. It digests starches. B. It kills bacteria.
C. It adds more flflavor to food. D. It softens food
20. What is a ring of muscle that separates two organs called? (No more than 3 words).
21. What hormone causes the amount of sugar in the bloodstream to increase? (No more
than 3 words)
22. What teeth are located at the very back of the mouth?
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A. Incisors. B. Premolars. C. Molars. D. Canines.

23. What is the ring of muscle that separates the stomach from the small intestine?
(No more than 3 words)
24. What are the strings that keep valves from opening in the wrong direction called? (No
more than 3 words)
25. What does “ECG” or “EKG” stand for? (No more than 3 words)
26. What is the medical term for high blood pressure?

A. Hyperglycemia. B. Hypoglycemia. C. Hypotension. D. Hypertension.
27. Veins carry blood away from the heart, while arteries bring blood toward the heart.
A. True. B. False.
28. There are two bronchi, one goes to each lung.
A. True. B. False.
29. People with emphysema have more diffificulty with expiration than inspiration.
A. True. B. False.
30. What molecule inside of red blood cells carries oxygen? (No more than 3 words)
31. What is “enterolith”?

A. a stone in the kidney. C. a stone in the stomach.
B. a stone in the gall bladder. D. a stone in the small intestine.
32. “Sphygmology” is the study of ______.
A. the hormone. B. the eyes. C. the pulse. D. the bones.
33. “Gastrorrhea” is _______.
A. discharge of flfluid from the stomach. C. swelling of the stomach linings.
B. stone in the stomach. D. inflflammation of the stomach linings.
34. “Hypothermia” relates to _______.
A. Low body temperature. C. Low blood pressure.
B. Low breathing. D. Low heartbeat.
35. “Phlebostenosis” relates to _______.
A. Narrowing of a vein. C. Removal of a vein or part of a vein.
B. A blood clot in a deep vein. D. Visual examination of a vein.
36. What is “tracheotomy”?
A. Suturing of the windpipe. C. Cutting into the windpipe.
B. Inflammation of the windpipe. D. Painful contraction of the windpipe.
37. “Cholecyst-” is the root of “gall bladder”. What is the medical term for “removal
of the gall bladder”? (ONE one only)
38. “Hepat-” is the root of “liver”. What is the medical term for “enlargement of the
liver”? (ONE word only)
39. “-plasty” is the suffifix showing the surgical repair. What is the medical term for
“surgical repair of the nose”? (ONE word only)
40. “-logist” is the suffifix showing “the specialist”. What is the medical term for “heart
specialist” (ONE word only).
MIDTERM TEST Y2021C

Choose the correct alternatives
1. The condition of without swallowing:
A. Dyspepsia. B. Dysphagia (NÀY MÀ). C. Aphagia. (Chắc chắn khu) D. sublingual.
2. _____ break down food.
A. the nervous system. B. the urinary system.
B. The integumentary system. D. the digestive system.
3. bronchoscope
A. visual examination of the bronchi.
B. any disease of the bronchi.
C. instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi.
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D. inflammation of the bronchi.

E. pertaining to the bronchi.
4. hypopnea
A. deficient breathing. B. absence of breathing. C. excessive breathing. D. difficult breathing.
5. Visual examination of the chest cavity
A. thoracoscopy. B. pleural effusion. C. thoracocentesis. D. thoracotomy.
6. angiogram
A. pertaining to a blood vessel.
B. instrument used to get radiographic image of a blood vessel.
C. radiographic imaging of a blood vessel.
D. radiographic image of a blood vessel
7. angiorrhaphy
A. rupture of a blood vessel. B. surgical repair of a blood vessel.
C. suturing of a blood vessel. D. incision into a blood vessel.
8. arteriosclerosis
A. hardening of the arteries. B. narrowing of the arteries.
C. widening of the arteries. D. rupture of the arteties.
9. bradycardia
A. abnormally slow breathing. B. abnormally slow heart rate.
C. abnormally fast breathing. D. abnormally fast heart rate.
10. lymphoma
A. inflammation of the lymph nodes. B. pertaining to the lymph nodes.
C. tumor of the lymph tissue. D. disease of lymph nodes
11. splenomegaly
A. enlargement of the spleen. B. any disease of the spleen.
B. excision of the spleen. D. incision into the spleen.
12. appendectomy
A. inflammation of the appendix. B. incision into the appendix.
C. excision of the appendix. D. ultrasound scan of the appendix.
13. rectocele
A. inflammation of the rectum. B. hernia of the bladder.
C. inflammation of the liver. D. hernia of the rectum.
14. cholecystectomy
A. excision of the gall bladder. B. incision into the gall bladder.
C. pertaining to the gall bladder. D. storage of bile in the gall bladder.
15. gastrostomy
A. excision of part of the stomach.
B. inflammation of the stomach.
C. creation of a route into the stomach to administer liquids for nutrition and hydration.
D. hernia of the stomach.
TEXT 1. OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY
Overweight and obesity have become world-wide concerns, reaching epidemic
proportions. Obesity is caused by an energy imbalance where energy intake exceeds energy
expended over time. This imbalance has been linked to lifestyle factors such as increased
consumption of foods with high levels of sugar and saturated fats, as well as a reduction in
physical activity.
Overweight and obesity pose a major risk to long-term health by increasing the risk of
chronic illnesses such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers. It has been
estimated that obesity and its associated illnesses cost Australian society and governments a
total of $21 billion in 2005. In July 2006, the Australian Government implemented a five-year,
$500 million program, the Australian Better Health Initiative, aimed at reducing the impacts of
chronic disease, which includes a focus on promoting healthy weight.This article discusses adults
who were classified as overweight or obese according to their body mass index (BMI), based on
self-reported height and weight.
Overweight and obesity trends
In 2004-05, more than half (54%) of all adults, or 7.4 million people aged 18 years and over were
either overweight or obese, an increase from 45% (5.4 million adults) in 1995. Using age-
standardized data, the rate of overweight adults has increased from 33% in 1995 to 36% in
2004-05, while the rate of obesity in adults has increased from 13% to 18% over the same period.
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Each of the national health surveys conducted since 1995 has reported a higher rate of
overweight and obesity for males than for females.
Perceptions of own weight
For many people, particularly men and older women, self-perception of “acceptable
weight” differs from the standard BMI definitions. This may have implications for the
management of healthy body weight in adults. In 2004- 05, more than half of adults (63% of
males and 59% of females) considered themselves to be of acceptable weight. The proportion
of males (32%) and females (38%) who considered themselves to be overweight was
considerably lower than those who were classified as overweight/obese according to their BMI
(62% and 45% respectively) Between 1995 and 2004- 05, after adjusting for differences in the
age structure of the population, the proportion of people in the overweight and obese BMI
categories who considered themselves to be of acceptable weight increased. In 2004- 05, almost
half (47%) of males and around one-fifth (21%) of females who were overweight or obese
considered themselves to be of acceptable weight. This compares with age-standardized rates of
around one-third (35%) for males and 12% for females in 1995.
Choose the correct alternatives
16. Obesity is the consequence of ____
A. Heredity. B. Food proportion. C. Energy imbalance.
17. Some chronic diseases related to overweight and obesity are:
A. Cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease. B. Cardiovascular disease, stomachache, cancer.
C. Diabetes, stress, cancer. D. Cancer, diabetes, muscle ache.
18. The word “implemented” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning with ___
A. Intended. B. Completed. C. Carried out. D. Paused.
19. In 10 years’ time (from 1995 to 2004-05), the rate of overweight and obese
adults increased by_____
A. Exactly 10%. B. 54%. C. Approximately 10%. D. More than 13%.
20. The word “conducted” in Part “Overweight and obesity trends” is closest in meaning
with ___
A. Questioned. B. Revealed. C. Organized. D. Reported.
21. Who had higher possibility of overweight and obesity?
A. Rich people rather than poor ones. B. Old men rather than young ones.
C. Males rather than females. D. Girls rather than boys.
22. Self-perception of own body weight among men and older women has an impact on ___
A. The adjustment of body weight among the community.
B. The management of healthy body weight among older women.
C. The control of healthy weight among old men.
D. The control of healthy body weight among adults.
TEXT 2.
❶ Nails are extensions of the epidermis found on the fingers and toes. Nails feel a great deal
harder than skin because they contain large amounts of a special kind of keratin called hard
keratin. The very end of a finger is simply known as a fingertip. Nails contain a flap of skin at the
bottom. This is called a cuticle, which acts to protect the nail at its base. The lunula is just above
the cuticle and is a crescent-shaped area of pale skin.
❷ The part of the nail which can be seen is dead. However, each nail grows out of a living nail
bed, which is located under and behind the nail and above the finger bone. At the bottom of each
nail, under the skin, is the nail root where layers of keratin are formed and pushed out towards
the fingertips. Nails look pink because of blood vessels in the nail bed. Fingernails grow slowly-
around two millimetres a month. Toenails grow even more slowly. However, both types of nail
grow faster in hot weather.
❸ Hair has several functions. For example, the hairs in the nose filter the air as it is breathed in
and trap bacteria and viruses before they enter the lungs. The hair on a person’s head can also
protect them from injury. It acts as a shock absorber to muffle a blow. It can also help with
sensation because sensory receptors are found near to where hair begins its growth. Sensory
recetors are nerve endings and, as a result, when something brushes or touches a hair, it is felt.
There are only a few non-hairy places on the human body, including the lips, the palms of the
hands and the soles of the feet.
❹ Hair is made from keratin similar to the keratin found in the layers of the epidermis. Keratin
in the hair gives it strength and makes it waterproof. Like the epidermis, hair also contains
melanin. People with dark hair have more melanin in their hair then people with blond hair.
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Hair begins its growth in the dermis inside tiny pockets called follicles. It then grows up
through the dermis and epidermis until it reaches the outside of the body. The average human
body has around five million hair follicles. Every day, hundreds of hairs fall out and have to start
growing again. Each follicle has a six-month rest every few years.
Choose the correct alternatives.
23. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A. Hard as nails. B. How nails grow. C. Hair everywhere. D. What hair is made of .
24. What is a crescent-shaped area of pale skin?
A. Lunula. B. A fingertip. C. Cuticle. D. A toe.
25. Where is nail bed located?
A. Above the cuticle. B. Towards fingertips.
C. Above the finger bone. D. At the end of each finger
26. What statement is correct?
A. Nails have pink color thanks to blood vessels in the nail bed.
B. Toenails grow faster than fingernails.
C. Keratin is formed in the cuticle.
D. Fingernails and toenails grow more slowly in hot weather than in cold weather.
27. Trap in paragraph 3 means ___
A. remove solid particles from air. B. touch something very gently.
C. reduce the effects of noise or an action. D. keep/hold something.
28. Where can sensory receptors be found?
A. Near the nail root. B. Near the finger bone
C. Above the fingertip. D. Under the finger bone.
29. What is NOT a non-hairy place?
A. The palms of the hands. B. The calf. C. The soles of the feet. D. The lips.
30. Where does hair begin its growth?
A. Follicles. B. Epidermis. C. Keratin. D. Melanin.
PRACTICE 1.
I remember feeling the first time I left home that I would never be able to feel at home
anywhere but in my home. No other place would have my mum and dad, my annoying little
brother and my cat., Tilly. Nowhere would smell like my home- my mum’s roast chicken in the
oven and the salty, seaweed smell that drifted in from the nearly beach. The sound of seagulls
squawking was the sound of home. Nowhere else would I feel comfortable enough to put my feet
up under me and gaze intro the log fire dreaming of the future.
I was 15 when I first went away from home on a school trip to Germany. My friends were
going too, but we would all stay with different families. I was nervous about this. I knew the
home I was going to would not be as comfortable as mine, the family would not be as kind, and
who knew what the German food would be like? I knew I would spend three weeks, homesick
and sad, missing my family back home We arrived in Germany late at night after a long journey
by coach and boat. I was tired and hungry. We went into the school hall, where the host families
were waiting to meet us. I wondered which one would be mine. Would they give me dinner at
this time and would I be able to eat the unfamiliar food?
Suddenly I heard my name called and the name of my exchange partner, Brigitte Schmitt.
A pretty, blonde girl stepped forward, smiling widely. Behind her stood her parents, a pleasant-
looking couple who were also smiling. They held out their hands and said. “wilkommen in
Deutschland. Welcome to Germany”
I spent three happy weeks with the Schmitt family. Brigitte had an elder brother,
Hendrik, and a younger sister, Lisa. They had two cats, Ping and Pong, who sat on my lap as I
looked into the fire in the evenings. The whole family were kind and welcoming. My room was
cosy and warm and looked out onto a forest. The fresh clean smell of the trees and of apples
baking in the oven became familiar and comforting, like the smells of home. I learnt in those three
weeks that you can feel at home anywhere that people are kind to you.Later that year, Brigitte
came to stay with me in the UK. I gave her my room and moved in which my brother. I cleared
space for her clothes and put fresh flowers in a vase by the bed. I asked my mum to make her
famous roasted chicken and an apple pie to make our guest feel at home. We made a welcome
banner and put it up on the front door. I did everything I could to help Brigitte feel at home with
us. I now understood the importance of a warm welcome
1. The writer's mother often cooks ______roasted chicken____(2 words)
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2. She thought the visit to Germany would make her feel __Homesick and sad____(3 words)
3. Brigitte came to pick up the girl with ___her parents ___(2 words)
4. The Schmitt family's pets names are ___Ping and Pong_________(3 words)
5. From her bedroom the girl could see a __forest__(1 word)
6. The girl and her family tried hard to make Brigitte feel at home __________(3 words)
PRACTICE 2.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF FOOTBALL
There is no clear evidence stating where and when football was actually invented, but
most historians agree th at some type of all game had been played centuries before the modern
game developed in England. Football has a long and interesting history and origins of the game
are present in sports played thousands of years in China, Egypt, Japan and Greece. Aspects of the
game can be traced as early as the second and third centuries BC in China. Their name, originally
named “Tsu Chu,” involved kicking a leather ball into a small hole.
The first football games played in Britain were in the 700s and the English equivalent of
a football was made using an animal bladder. Games were violent and injury and death were
common. Despite the violence, however,they were still very popular. The game had become so
popular that in the 1300s Edward II banned the sport because people were playing football
rather than practising archery. This was especially important to this king, as he was preparing
togo to war with Scotland. This was to be the first of many bans imposed by the kings and queens
of England.
In 1605 football became legal and once again the sport grew in popularity.
In the 1800s It became particularly common in private schools such as Eton, and it was
only then that a set of rules was established. Until then, the game had continued to be violent, as
it had had limited rules and no referees. Before the 1800s, for example, it was considered normal
to hit players on the opposite team and to damage their possessions. In 1848, on Parker’s Piece in
Cambridge, these rules were developed further and a new version called the “Cambridge Rules”
was used by all schools, colleges, and universities.
Though football could be considered a male sport, women also play it.
An increase in women playing the sport began during the First World War, when women
did jobs traditionally done by men. Those working in places like factories regularly met to play.
Unfortunately, a ban was imposed when the war ended, but it was eventually lifted in the UK in
1971. In 1991 China hosted the first Women’s World Cup and in 1996 the first ever women’s
football event was held at the Olympics.
7. Where can the first traces of football be found?
A. China. B. Egypt. C. England.
8. Why did Edward II ban football in the 1300s?
A. Because it was too violent and death was common.
B. Because people weren’t practising archery.
C. Because he was preparing to go to war with China.
9. Before rules were established in the 1800s, which of these activities was considered
normal?
A. Being violent towards the referee.
B. Stealing from opponents.
C. Destroying players’ property.
10. Women started playing football because:
A. In 1991 there was the first women’s world cup.
B. The ban was lifted in 1971.
C. They started to work during the First World War.
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVES FOR THESE QUESTIONS:
11. Find THE ANATOMICAL TERM for this word: KNEECAP
A. patella. B. coxa. C. carpus. D. axilla. E. nates.
12. Find THE ANATOMICAL TERM for this word: WRIST
A. Patella. B. carpus. C. cubitus. D. abdomen.
13. Find THE ANATOMICAL TERM for this word: HIP
A. nates. B. carpus. C. patella. D. cubitus. E. coxa.
14. What can you use to cut sutures?
A. scalpels. B. retractors. C. artery forceps. D. scissors.
11
PRACTICE 3.
There is no clear evidence stating where and when football was actually invented, but
most historians agree that some type of all game had been played centuries before the modern
game developed in England. Football has a long and interesting history and origins of the game
are present in sports played thousands of years in China, Egypt, Japan and Greece.Aspects of the
game can be traced as early as the second and third centuries BC in China. Their name, originally
named “Tsu Chu,” involved kicking a leather ball into a small hole.
The first football games played in Britain were in the 700s and the English equivalent of
a football was made using an animal bladder. Games were violent and injury and death were
common. Despite the violence, however, they were still very popular. The game had become so
popular that in the 1300s Edward II banned the sport because people were playing football
rather than practising archery. This was especially important to this king, as he was preparing to
go to war with Scotland. This was to be the first of many bans imposed by the kings and queens of
England.
In 1605 football became legal and once again the sport grew in popularity.
In the 1800s It became particularly common in private schools such as Eton, and it was
only then that a set of rules was established. Until then, the game had continued to be violent, as
it had had limited rules and no referees. Before the 1800s, for example, it was considered normal
to hit players on the opposite team and to damage their possessions. In 1848, on Parker’s Piece in
Cambridge, these rules were developed further and a new version called the “Cambridge Rules”
was used by all schools, colleges, and universities.
Though football could be considered a male sport, women also play it.
15. An increase in women playing the sport began during the First World War, when
women did jobs traditionally done by men. Those working in places like factories
regularly met to play. Unfortunately, a ban was imposed when the war ended, but it was
eventually lifted in the UK in 1971. In 1991 China hosted the first Women’s World Cup and
in 1996 the first ever women’s football event was held at the Olympics?
A. Laboratory room.
B. Operating theatre
C. Technical service.
D. Central disinfection.
16. A patient with a broken bone tends to go to...
A. orthopaedics. B. urology. C. neurology. D. psychology.
17. a knife with a small, sharp, sometimes detachable blade, as used by a surgeon is
called___
A. a pair of scissors. B. a pair of forceps. C. A sphygmomanometer. D. scalpel.
18. Anatomical position refers to the position in which the person faces the front with _____
slightly apart and _______ of the hands turned to the front.
A. elbows, knees. B. thighs, elbows. C. legs, palms. D. toes, fingers.
19. A _____ nurse works in children.
A. geriatric. B. pediatric. C. therapist. D. obstetric.
20. A pharmacist _______ medicine in the hospital.
A. Diagnoses. B. describes. C. prescribes. D. dispenses.
MIDTERM TEST Y2021D.

1. The first heart sound is caused by the opening of the semilunar valves.
A. True. B. False.
2. Saliva contains molecules that help to digest carbohydrates.
A. True. B. False.
3. Ulcers in the stomach are caused by spicy foods.
A. True. B. False.
4. Peristalsis means that all the muscles in an organ contracts at once.
A. True. B. False.
5. Diabetes occurs when the pancreas is not able to make insulin.
A. True. B. False.
6. Most of the digestion and absorption of food occurs in the _____.
A. small intestine. B. stomach. C. large intestine.
7. The left ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary ______
A. aorta. B. artery.
12
8. Glucagon causes blood sugar levels to ______.

A. increase. B. decrease.
9. Only ______ is digested in the stomach.
A. protein. B. carbohydrate.
10. ______ eats bacteria and viruses
A. Mucus. B. Phagocyte. C. Saliva.
11. When the blood supply to and area of cardiac muscle is reduced, this causes a painful
sensation called ______.
A. constipation. B. fibrilation. C. peristalsis. D. angina pectoris.
12. The ______ closes when you swallow to prevent food from entering the lungs.
A. trachea. B. esophagus. C. epiglottis. D. pharynx.
13. Which of these is NOT part of the lymphatic system?
A. pancreas. B. spleen. C. tonsils. D. lymph nodes.
14. The ileum is the longest section of _____.
A. the stomach. B. the liver. C. the small intestine. D. the large intestine.
15. The enzyme pepsin digests which dietary component?
A. Protein. B. Fat. C. Carbohydrate. D. Vitamins.
16. Find the suitable medical terms for "Removal of the gallbladder"
A. Cholecystectomy. B. Cholecystitis. C. Glossectomy.
17. What is the meaning of the term "Enteropathy"
A. blood appears in the large intestine.
B. disease of the small intestine.
C. new opening to form a mouth to the colon
18. Find the suitable medical terms for "Suturing or surgical repair of the heart".
A. Cardiogram. B. Cardiorrhaphy. C. Cardiomegaly.
19. What is the meaning of the term "Phlebotomy"
A. examination of the pulse.
B. making an opening of a vein.
C. incision or cutting into a vein.
20. Another name for "red blood cells" (Type ONE word)
Erythrocytes.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
CHAPTER 7. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Absorb (v) hút, hấp thu
Accumulate (v) tích lũy
Convert (v) chuyển hóa, biến đổi, đổi
Digest (v) tiêu hóa
Dissolve (v) hòa tan
Eliminate (v) loại ra, thải ra
Grind (v) xay
Liquefy (v) hóa lỏng
Neutralize (v) trung hòa
Regulate (v) điều hòa, điều tiết
Oral cavity (n) khoang miệng
Saliva (n) nước bọt
Salivary gland (n) tuyến nước bọt
Pharynx (n) hầu, họng
Esophagus (n) thực quản
Molecule (n) phân tử
Starch (n) tinh bột = carbohydrate
Bump (n) bướu
Taste bud (n) nụ nếm
Incisor (n) răng cửa
Canine (n) răng nanh
Premolar (n) răng tiền hàm
Molar (n) răng hàm
Enamel (n) men răng
Dentin (n) ngà răng
13
Pulp (n) tủy (răng)

Sensory receptor (n) cảm thụ quan
Pharynx (n) hầu, họng

Larynx (n) thanh quản
Trachea (n) khí quản
Epiglottis (n) nắp thanh quản
Peristalsis (n) nhu động
Sphincter (n) cơ thắt
Sac (n) túi
Muscle (n) cơ - muscular (adj)
Gland (n) tuyến
Wall (n) thành
Lining (n) lớp lót
Line (v) lót
Coat (v) phủ
Alkaline (n) kiềm
Mucus (n) chất nhầy
Molecule (n) phân tử
Layer (n) lớp
Contract (v) co (bóp), co thắt
Squeeze (v) bóp,
Stomach Juice (n) dịch dạ dày
Pyloric sphincter (n) cơ thắt môn vị
Ulcer (n) loét
Lesion (n) tổn thương
Irritated (adj) tấy lên
Secrete (v) tiết ra
Vinegar (n) giấm
Open wound (n) vết thương hở
Gall bladder (n) túi mật

Pancreas (n) tuyến tụy
Gallstone (n) sỏi mật
Diaphragm (n) cơ hoành

Bile (n) mật
Act (v) đóng vai trò
Concentrate (v) cô đặc
Store (v) trữ lại
Duct (n) ống
Bile duct (n) ống mật
Digestive enzyme
Crystal (n) tinh thể
Lodge=get stuck (v) kẹt lai, mắc lại
Block (v)=stop
Homeostasis (n) cân bằng nội môi

= to keep the same condition
Homeo = same
-stasis = condition
Regulate (v) điều tiết, điều hòa

Regulation (n)
Endocrine gland (n) tuyến nội tiết
Convert (v) chuyển hóa
Release (v) phóng ra
Excrete ( v) thải ra, bài tiết
14
Excretion (n)
Liquefy (v) hóa lỏng
Membrane (n) màng
Capillary (n) mao mạch
Blood vessel (n) mạch máu
Poison (n) chất độc
Feces (n) phân
Allergy (n) dị ứng
Cellular (adj)
Metabolism (n) sự trao đổi chất, sự chuyển hóa
Metabolize (v) trao đổi chất, chuyển hóa
Thyroid gland (n) tuyến giáp
Pituitary gland (n) tuyến yên
Negative (adj) tiêu cực
Hypo-: too little hypotension
Hyper-: too much hypertension
Hypothyroidism (n) suy giáp
Hyperthyroidism (n) cường giáp
Infant (n) trẻ nhũ nhi (1-12 months old)
Cretinism (n) chứng độn
Skeletal system : hệ xương
Mental retardation
Mal
Restlessness (n) bồn chồn
Tumor (n) u, bướu
Goiter (n) bướu cổ
Enlargement (n) sự to lên, sưng
Lump (n) bướu
Deficient (adj) = too little (thiếu)
Electrical current (n) dòng điện

Axon (n) sợi trục (thần kinh)
Rectum (n) trực tràng
Internal anal sphincter (n) cơ thắt hậu môn trong
External anal sphincter (n) cơ thắt hậu môn ngoài
Spinal cord (n) tủy sống
Defecation (n) sự đại tiện
Constipation (n) táo bón
Appendicitis (n) viêm ruột thừa
Appendix (n) ruột thừa
Pouch (n) túi
Burst (v) vỡ, bể
Peritonitis (n) viêm phúc mạc
PERITONIUM (N) Phúc mạc, màng bụng
1. The role of the digestive system is to take in food, ……….. it ………….. into small molescules.
2. Just as a sponge removes water from a table, the bloodstream ……………… water from the
intestines.
3. Because the small intestine works best at a neutral pH, the acid from the stomach must
be…………………….. when it reaches the small intestine.
4. Water in saliva helps to turn food into a liquid, or …………… the food in the mouth.
5. Food waste is ……………….. from the body through the anus.
6. Hormones control or ……………. how fast your body breaks down food.
7. Your back teeth are useful for ……………. Food.
8. When you eat a lot of candy, sugar …………………….. on your teeth.
9. If you stir sugar in water, it will be ……………
10. Food is ………………….. from large molecules into smaller molecules during digestive.
11. ………………is the name of the watery liquid in the mouth.
15
12. Saliva is made by six sac-like organs called ……………………………….

13. The function of saliva is …………………….molecules.
14. The digestive of starch must begin in the …………………. Because starch molecules are quite
large.
15. Different regions of the tonge have concentrations of different…………….
16. ………………. Are teeth that are located at the front of the mouth.
17. ……………….. are fang-like teeth that are to the side of the incisors.
18. ……………….. are teeth located to the side of each canine.
19. ……………….. are teeth located at the very back of the mouth.
20. The outer layer of a tooth is called…………..
21. Beneath the enamel is the ………………, is made of calcium salts and protein and comprises the
largest part of tooth.
22. The inner area of a tooth is called the ………………
23. The molecules that saliva start to digest are ……………. and ……………………
24. You can tell if a food is sweet or salty because you have ……………….. in your mouth.
25. ………………. Liquefies food and begins to digest starch molecules .
26. The tongue pushes the food to the back of the mouth and into the ………………..
27. The ……………also called the voice box.
28. The larynx connects with the ………………. Which is the path for air to the lungs.
29. When you swallow, foods moves first into the pharynx, then into the …………….and then down
to the stomach.
30. The ………………covers the larynx when you swallow to prevent food from entering the trachea.
31. The contractions move in waves from the top of the esophagus to the bottom. These waves of
contraction are called………………….
32. The other word for “ cough reflex” is …………………..
33. When stomach acid is pushed back up into the esophagus, this disorder is
called …………………….
34. To protect stomach from acid, the stomach lining contains cells that constantly
produce…………………………..
35. Lesions in the wall of the stomach are called ………………….., that are actually caused by a
bacterium lives in the stomach.
36. The……………………sphincter allows only small amounts of food to enter the small intestine.
37. If the pyloric sphincter doesn’t close properly, we will get frequent…………….
38. The ………….. is large, brown organ that lies under the diaphragm and on top of the stomach.
39. …………is greenlish liquid that seperates fat into small droplets.
40. After the liver produces biles, biles is sent to the………………………...under the liver.
41. A doctor may choose to break gallstones apart using………………………
42. The ……………….. is located near the first portion of the small intestine and just beneath the
stomach.
43. The ……………….makes two important hormones, insulin and glucagon.
44. Right after a big meal, the pancreas is releasing …………………
45. In addition to making bile and storing food molecules, the liver also takes……….. out of the
food.
MULTIPLE CHOICES AND SHORT QUESTIONS

1. Where does food go after it leaves the stomach?
A. Small intestine. B. Large intestine. C. Rectum. D. Esophagus.
2. Just a sponge removes water from a table, the bloodstream ………..water from the
intestines.
A. Digest. B. Absorb. C. Convert. D. Move.
3. Because the small intestine works best at a neutral pH, the acid from the stomach must
be ________ when it reaches the small intestine.
A. Protected. B. Eliminated. C.Neutralized. D. Threw.
4. Food waste is _________ from the body through the anus.
A. Digest. B. Digested. C. Eliminate. D.Eliminated.
5. Water in saliva helps to turn food into a liquid, or _______ the food in the mouth.
A. Grind. B. Accumulate. C. Liquefy. D. Regulate.
6. Hormones control or ___________ how fast your body breaks down food.
A. Regulate. B. Direct. C. Tell. D. Convert.
16
7. Your back teeth are useful for _________ food.

A. Tearing. B. Grinding. C. Cutting. D. Biting.
8. When you eat lots of candy, sugar _________ on your teeth.
A. Stay. B. Accumulate. C. Liquefy. D. Absorb.
9. If you stir sugar in water, it will be _________.
A. Converted. B. Regulated. C. Liquefied. D. Dissolved.
10. Food is ____________ from large molecules into smaller molecules during digestion.
A. Digested. B. Eliminated. C. Converted. D. Absorbed.
11. Food is broken down into small molecules, or __________ , in the small intestine.
A. Digested. B. Eliminated. C. Regulated. D. Liquefied.
12. The upper digestive _______ is the region extending from the mouth to the stomach.
A. Tract. B. Duct. C. System. D. Cavity.
13. _______ is the name of the watery liquid in the mouth.
A. Food molecules. B. Saliva. C. Saliva glands. D. Starch.
14. Saliva contains molecules that begin to digest ______ found in foods such as rice, bread,…
and potatoes.
A. Protein. B. Starch. C. Lipid. D. Acid.
15. When food molecules are _______ , we are able to taste food.
A. Converted. B. Regulated. C. Liquefied. D. Dissolved.
16. You can taste food because of the tiny bumps on your tongue. These bumps contain
_________
A. Taste buds. B. Umami. C. Sour. D. Bitter.
17. In addition to enable you to taste food, the tongue along with the______ of the mouth
move the food as you chew it with your teeth.
A. Saliva. B. Muscles. C. Saliva glands. D. Taste buds.
18. _____ are used for cutting and biting.
A. Incisors. B. Canines. C. Premolars. D. Molars.
19. _____ are fang-like teeth that are to the side of the incisors.
20. _____ are used for chewing and grinding food.
21. The last molars that are in the very back on each side are sometimes called_____.
A. Dream teeth. B. Nigh-mare teeth. C. Wisdom teeth. D. Enamel.
22. The outermost layer of a tooth is called____
A. Enamel. B. Pulp. C. Dentin. D. Teeth.
23. ____ is made of calcium salts, protein and comprises the largest part of the tooth.
24. If you have a toothache, the pain you feel is from _____
25. Name five organs that come into contact with food.
Mouth, stomach, esophagus, small and large intestine.
26. What are the five basic flavors that stimulates taste buds?
Umami, bitter, salty, sweet, spicy.
27. How many teeth an adult should have? 32.
28. Name the four types of teeth.
Incisors, canines, premolars, molars.
29. The tube that leads to the stomach is called the …………
A. Esophagus. B. Epiglottis. C. Larynx. D. Trachea.
30. The ________ is a flag of tissue that covers the trachea when you swallow.
A. Esophagus. B. Epiglottis. C. Larynx. D. Trachea.
31. ……………… is a special type of muscle contracti on that propels food down the
esophagus to the stomach.
A. Esophagus. B. Epiglottis. C. Larynx. D. Peristalsis.
32. When stomach acid is pushed back up into the esophagus, this disorder is called …….
A. Choking. B. Heartburn. C. Diarrhea. D. Constipation.
33. When air moves toward the lungs, it moves from the pharynx to the ……. and then
down the tube called the …….
A. Epiglottis, trachea. B. Epiglottis, larynx. C. Larynx, trachea. D. Larynx, epiglottis.
34. A ring of muscle separates two organs is called ……..
17
A. Pyloric sphincter. B. Gall bladder. C. Gastroesophageal sphincter. D. Peristalsis.

35. Peristalsis squeezes the food down the…… to your stomach.
A. Esophagus. B. Epiglottis. C. Cough. D. Stomachache.
36. “The food went down the wrong tube” is about…….
A. Heartburn. B. Choking. C. Larynx. D. Peristalsis.
37. What kind of tissue comprise the gastroesophageal sphincter?
38. ………… is the opposite of acid.
A. Lipid. B. Alkaline. C. Starch. D. Protein.
39. Stress, too much acid, or eating spicy food can cause …….
A. Choking. B. Heartburn. C. Peptic ulcers. D. Diarrhea.
40. Peptic ulcers are now successfully treated with ……… that kill bacteria.
A. Surgery. B. Antibiotics. C. Ultrasound. D. All of above.
41. In the digestive activities, enzymes are molecules that help …….. reactions to go faster.
A. Physical. B. Chemical. C. Biological. D. All of above.
42. The stomach wall has ……….. layers of muscle.
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
43. When the small intestine is ready to receive food from the stomach, another ring of
smooth muscle connecting the stomach and small intestine relaxes. This ring of muscle is
called the …………sphincter.
A. Pyloric. B. Gastroesophageal. C. Hypnosis. D. Stomach.
44. Peptic ulcers are caused by ……………….
A. Gallstones. B. Spicy food. C. Fast food. D. A bacterium.
45. ……………… send molecules to the small intestine to aid in the digestion of certain food
molecules.
A. Saliva glands. B. Pancreas. C. Accessory organs. D. Bile duct.
46. A large, brown organ that lies under the diaphragm and on top of the stomach is
called…...
A. Liver. B. Pancreas. C. Esophagus. D. Bile.
47. A greenish liquid that separates fat into small droplets is…..
A. Saliva. B. Bile. C. Bile duct. D. Gall bladder.
48. Gallstones are caused by too much ………… in the diet and it can be destroyed by ………...
A. Cholesterol, surgery. B. Acid, antibiotics.
C. Cholesterol, ultrasound. D. Estrogen, medicine
49. Mucus protects the stomach and ………… protect the small intestine from stomach acid.
A. Bile. B. Sodium bicarbonate. C. Exocrine gland. D. Endocrine gland.
50. The job of this organ is to secrete hormones.
A. Liver. B. Gall bladder. C. Exocrine gland. D. Endocrine gland.
51. The low level of glucose in your blood causes the ………… to stop secreting insulin and
release glucagon instead.
A. Liver. B. Bile. C. Gall blaller. D. Pancreas.
52. Right after a big meal, ………… is released.
A. Insulin. B. Glucagon. C. Antibiotic. D. Sodium bicarbonate.
53. What‘s kind of diabetes called “juvenile diabetes”?
A. Type I (insulin dependent) diabetes. B. Type II (non-insulin).
54. Then liquefied food leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine, bile and……….
follow.
A. Pancreas. B. Liver. C. Pancreatic juices. D. Bile duct.
55. Most of the food digestion occurs in the small intestine. The only exceptions are the
partial digestion of starch in the mouth by …… and the partial digestion of ……. in the
stomach.
A. Canines, starch. B. Epiglottis, protein. C. Saliva, protein. D. Molars, starch.
56. Most of the smaller food molecules pass through cells that line the small intestine and
enter the bloodstream. This process is called……
A. Digestion. B. Absorption. C. Diarrhea. D. Constipation.
57. When digestion and absorption is completed in the small intestine, ……. occurs to push
the food waste forward into the large intestine.
A. Peristalsis. B. Heartburn.
C. Pyloric sphincter. D. Gastroesophageal sphincter.
58. Match the terms with their definitions
18
1. Absorption. A. Breaking up food

2. Bile. B. A substance that breaks down food into smaller molecules
3. Capillaries. C. Food moves too fast through the small intestine.
4. Digestion. D. Small blood vessels that food molecules first enter.
5. Enzymes. E. A substance that breaks up fat
6. Diarrhea.
59. After food is digested, it……
A. Enters the blood immediately.
B. Enters intestinal cells and then passes into capillaries.
C. Passes immediately into large intestine.
D. Is eliminated.
60. TSH is abbreviated as ……
A. Thyroid stimulation hormone. B. Thyroid stimulated hormone.
C. Thyroid stimulating hormone. D. None of above.
61. TSH causes the thyroid gland to release …….. thyroid hormone.
A. Less. B. More. C. So much. D. 50%.
62. Choose one in pairs:
Thyroid hormone regulates/ peristalsis cellular metabolism
Someone with hypothyroidism/ hyperthyroidism has too much thyroid
hormone.
Someone with hypothyroidism/ hyperthyroidism would tend lose weight
An infant who has hypothyroidism/ hyperthyroidism would have a condition called
cretinism
Goiter can be caused by deficient iodine/ malignant cancer
63. X help to create the electrical current that flows along axons. X are also important in
muscle contraction. X is________
A. Signal cord. B. The sodium and potassium.
C. The brain. D. Feces.
64. After the absorption of water, sodium and potassium has been completed, muscle
contraction in the large intestine squeezes the feces down into the………
A. Defecation. B. Rectum. C. Anus. D. External anal sphincter.
65. Constipation can result in serious disease, such as ……… and ………..
A. Appendicitis, peristalsis. B. Appendicitis, peritonitis.
C. Peristalsis, diarrhea. D. Peritonitis, diarrhea.
66. Fill the blanks
A. The epiglottis: is the structure that covers the larynx when you swallow food.
B. Glucagon: is the hormone that helps your brain get sugar when you are starving.
C. Hypothyroidism: is when the thyroid gland doesn’t make enough thyroid hormone.
D. Diarrhea: food move too fast through the small intestine.
E. Heartburn: food and acid pushed into the stomach from the small intestine.
F. Constipation: too much water is absorbed from the feces.
G. Peptic ulcers: caused by eating too much spicy food.
CHAPTER 7. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

1. How does food move through your digestive tract?
A. By gravity. B. By wavelike muscle contractions.
C. By cilia. D. By chemical absorption.
The correct answer is B. By wavelike muscle contractions.
These contractions move food from the esophagus to the stomach, then through the intestine.
2. Where does most of the digestive process take place?
A. Small intestine. B. Large intestine. C. Stomach. D. All of the above.
The correct answer is A. Small intestine.
Food is broken down and transported through the intestinal wall to other parts of the body
3. What does the liver do to help digestion?
A. Makes important enzymes. B. Neutralizes stomach acid.
C. Produces bile. D. Regulates insulin.
The correct answer is C. Produces bile.
19
This substance breaks down fats in the intestine. The gallbladder stores bile until it's needeD.
then releases it to the small intestine.
4. Which of these can harm the intestinal lining?
A. Aspirin. B. Antibiotics. C. Caffeine. D. A and B
The correct answer is D. A and B.
Talk with your healthcare provider if you take these medicines and have questions about
gastrointestinal problems.
5. Which of these best maintains intestinal health?
A. Starches. B. Vitamins. C. Fiber. D. Fat.
The correct answer is C. Fiber.
Based on the age and gender of a person, the Institute of Medicine recommends 21 to 38 grams
of fiber daily, with at least 3 servings of whole-grain foods. Most Americans eat about 14 grams of
fiber per day.
6. Which of these can cause heartburn?
A. Being overweight. B. Lying down soon after eating a large meal.
C. Eating high-fat foods. D. All of the above.
The correct answer is D. All of the above.
Heartburn results when the acid in the stomach comes up into the esophagus. All of these can
relax the muscle that should keep the stomach opening closed
7. Which of these causes ulcers?
A. Bacterial infection in the stomach. B. Aspirin and other anti-inflammatory medicines.
C. Chronic stress. D. A and B.
The correct answer is D. A and B.
Ulcers can be caused by the bacterial infection Helicobacter pylori and anti-inflammatory
medicines such as ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin. When infection is the cause, antibiotics can
cure the condition.
8. Food poisoning is caused by eating contaminated food. How can it be prevented?
A. Cooking meat and poultry thoroughly.
B. Washing fruits and vegetables before eating or cooking them.
C. Storing food properly.
D. All of the above.
The correct answer is D. All of the above.
You should also keep kitchen utensils and cutting boards clean and wash your hands before
handling food. Do not use the same cutting board for meats and poultry, and for fruits or salads
that will not be cooked.
9. The major functions of the digestive system are to digest food and to absorb nutrients
into the __________.
A. stomach. B. small intestine. C. bloodstream.
10. Which of the following is considered to be an accessory organ of digestion?
A. pancreas. B. stomach. C. small intestine.
11. Secretion is an important process of digestion. Which of the following best describes
one concept of secretion in reference to the digestive system?
A. Secrection is the release of waste products from the action of digestion.
B. Secrection is the movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract.
C. . Secrection is the release of digestive enzymes from various or organs to digest food.
12. Which of the following is the term that refers to the movement of food through the
digestive system via the action of smooth muscles?
A. peristalsis. B. ingestion. C. defecation.
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
CHAPTER 9. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
Cardi- : heart
Vascular : blood vessel
-itis
Artery : động mạch
Vein : tĩnh mạch
Branch (v) phân nhánh
Constrict (v) = contract (v) co lại, bóp lại
Dilate (v) giãn ra, nở lớn
20
Exert (v) dùng, nỗ lực, gắng sức, ép

Oxygenate (v) thêm oxy
PUPIL (N) CON NGƯƠI (MẮT)
AORTA (N) ĐỘNG MẠCH CHỦ
THORACIC CAVITY (N) = CHEST CAVITY : KHOANG NGỰC

PERICARDIUM (N) MÀNG NGOÀI TIM
CARDIAC MUSCLE (N) CƠ TIM
ENDOCARDIUM (N) NỘI TÂM MẠC
SLIPPERY (ADJ) TRƠN
PERICARDIAL FLUID (N) DỊCH MÀNG NGOÀI TIM
MYOCARDIUM (N) CƠ TIM
EPITHELIUM (N) BIỂU MÔ
ATRIUM (N) TÂM NHĨ

VENTRICLE (N) TÂM THẤT
ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVE =AV VALVE : VAN NHĨ THẤT
TRICUSPID VALVE : VAN 3 LÁ
BICUSPID VALVE = MITRAL VALVE : VAN 2 LÁ
CHORDAE TENDENEAE : DÂY CHẰNG
SEMILUNAR VALVE : VAN BÁN NGUYỆT
PULMONARY (ADJ) THUỘC PHỔI
PULMONARY SEMILUNAR VALVE: VAN ĐỘNG MẠCH PHỔI
AORTA (N) ĐỘNG MẠCH CHỦ
AORTIC SEMILUNAR VALVE: VAN ĐỘNG MACH CHỦ
SUPERIOR VENA CAVA : TĨNH MẠCH CHỦ TRÊN

INFERIOR VENA CAVA: TĨNH MẠCH CHỦ DƯỚI
SPLIT (V) CHIA RA
CAPILLARY (N) MAO MẠCH
PULMONARY (ADJ) THUỘC PHỔI
PULMONARY VEIN (N) TĨNH MẠCH PHỔI
SIMULTANEOUSLY (ADV) ĐỒNG THỜI
PUMP (N) CÁI BƠM, (v) bơm

CARDIAC MUSCLE (N) CƠ TIM
SKELETAL MUSCLE (N) CƠ XƯƠNG
FIBER (N) SỢI
AUTORHYTHMIC (ADJ) TỰ ĐỘNG ĐẬP
PACEMAKER=SINOATRIAL NODE=SA NODE (N) TRUNG TÂM ĐIỀU NHỊP TIM
COORDINATION (N) SỰ PHỐI HỢP
SIGNAL (N) TÍN HIỆU
CONDUCTION (N) ĐIỀU KHIỂN
HEART ATTACK (N) ĐAU TIM
=MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (N) NHỒI MÁU CƠ TIM
CORONARY ARTERY (N) ĐỘNG MẠCH VÀNH
NOURISH (V) NUÔI DƯỠNG
ANGINA PECTORIS (N) ĐAU THẮT NGỰC
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (N) MÔ LIÊN KẾT
REPLACE (V) THAY THẾ
WEAKEN (V) LÀM YẾU ĐI
RECOVER (V) BÌNH PHỤC
BLOCK (V) = STOP
HEART RATE (N) NHỊP TIM

PULSE (N) MẠCH
SYMPATHETIC : THẦN KINH GIAO CẢM
PARASYMPATHETIC: THẦN KINH ĐỐI GIAO CẢM
21
FETUS (N) BÀO THAI, THAI
PROPERLY (ADJ) ĐÚNG, PHÙ HỢP

STETHOSCOPE (N) ỐNG NGHE
DISTINCT (ADJ) RIÊNG BIỆT, PHÂN BIỆT
MURMUR (N) TIẾNG THỔI
STENOTIC (ADJ) HẸP, TRÍT
STENOTIC VALVE (N) HẸP VAN TIM
FLEXIBLE (ADJ) ĐÀN HỒI

INCOMPETENT VALVE (N) HỞ VAN TIM
LEAK (V) RÒ RỈ
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (N) ĐIỆN TÂM ĐỒ

ELECTROCARDIOGRAPH (N) ĐIỆN TÂM KÝ
ELECTRODE (N) ĐIỆN CỰC
ARRHYTHMIA (N) LOẠN NHỊP TIM
ABNORMAL (ADJ) BẤT THƯỜNG
FIBRILLATION (N) RUNG
VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION (N) RUNG TÂM THẤT
DEFIBRILLATOR (N) MÁY KHỬ RUNG
SYSTOLIC PRESSURE (N) ÁP SUẤT TÂM THU

DIASTOLIC PRESSURE (N) ÁP SUẤT TÂM TRƯƠNG
VOLUME (N) THỂ TÍCH
VASOCONSTRICTION (N) SỰ CO MẠCH
VASODILATION (N) SỰ GIÃN MẠCH
DEHYDRATION (N) SỰ MẤT NƯỚC
BALANCE (N) SỰ CÂN BẰNG # IMBALANCE (N)
RETAIN (V) GIỮ LẠI
CONSTANT (ADJ) KHÔNG ĐỔI

SENSORY RECEPTOR (N) THỤ QUAN
BARORECEPTOR (N) BỘ PHẬN NHẬN CẢM ÁP
AFFERENT NEURON (N) NEURON DẪN VÀO
EFFERENT NEURON (N) NEURON DẪN RA
MEDULLA (N) TỦY SỐNG
BRAINSTEM (N) CUỐNG NÃO????
REFLEX (N) PHẢN ỨNG
EFFECTOR ORGAN: CƠ QUAN CHỊU TÁC ĐỘNG
EXCRETE (V) THẢI RA
HYPOTHALAMUS (N) CẤU TẠO DƯỚI ĐỒI
ANTI-DIURETIC (ADJ) CHỐNG LỢI TIỂU
PITUITARY GLAND (N) TUYẾN YÊN
ADRENAL GLAND (N) TUYẾN THƯỢNG THẬN
HYPERTENSION (N) HUYẾT ÁP CAO
ATHEROSCLEROSIS (N) VỮA XƠ ĐỘNG MẠCH
HEREDITY (N) SỰ DI TRUYỀN
HYPOTENSION (N) HUYẾT ÁP THẤP
HEMORRHAGE (N) XUẤT HUYẾT
ARTERY (N) ĐỘNG MẠCH

ARTERIOLE (N) TIỂU ĐỘNG MẠCH
CAPILLARY (N) MAO MẠCH
VENULE (N) TIỂU TĨNH MẠCH
VEIN (N) TĨNH MẠCH
PULMONARY CIRCUIT (N) TUẦN HOÀN PHỔI
SYSTEMIC CIRCUIT (N) TUẦN HOÀN HỆ THỐNG
22
-carotid artery (n) động mạch cảnh

- brachial (n) động mạch cánh tay
- abdomen (n) bụng
- abdominal (adj) thuộc bụng
- radial (n) đm quay
- common iliac (n) đm chậu gốc
- femoral (n) đm đùi
- jugular vein (n) tĩnh mạch cổ
- brachiocephalic (n) đm cánh tay đầu
-- cephalic (adj) thuộc đầu
- great saphenous (n) tm hiển lớn
- anterior tibial (n) tm chày trước
- lymphatic vessel (n) mạch bạch huyết

- excess (n) quá nhiều, dư
- edema (n) phù
- bloat (v) sưng lên, phồng lên
1. The cardiovascular system comprised of the ………..,………… and…………......

2. Poorly oxygenated blood becomes …………….. in the lungs.
3. Blood pressure is the pressure …………. by the blood on blood vessel walls.
4. When you enter the dark room, the pupils in your eyes ……………… so that you can see.
5. When you go out into the bright sunshine, the pupils in your eyes ……………….. because you
don’t need too much light to see.
6. The aorta leaves the heart and then ……………… into several other blood vessel that go to
different places in the body.
7. The blood transport………………, …………………, ………………. And wasted products.
8. The heart lies within the ………………. Cavity.
9. The outermost layers of the heart is ………………….
10. The middle layer of the heart is………………………
11. .…………………………. Is the thickest of the three layers.
12. The inner layer of the wall of the heart is ……………………
13. We can find the ……………………… between two layers of the pericardium.
14. The heart need pericadium fluid …………………... the wall of the thoracic cavity.
15. The heart has ………….. chambers, …………. at the top and ……………… at the bottom.
16. We call call AV valves instead of …………………….. valve. Valve in the right is ……………… and in
the left is…………………..
17. Blood flows easily from atria to ventricles due to …………………
18. …………………………… are string that attach the cusp to a muscle in the wall of the ventricle.
19. The …………………………exist between right ventricle and pulmonary artery, between aorta and
left ventricle.
20. The ……....................... valve is between the left ventricle and the left atrium.
21. When the atria are contracting, the AV valve are …………
22. The vessel that takes blood to the lungs is the ………………..
23. There are …………………………….. and ……………………………. that can bring blood to the heart from
body like brain, digestive system or legs.
24. ………………….. is the smallest vessel in the body.
25. After the blood picked up the oxygen, it returns to the left atrium of the heart
via …………………………
26. The left ventricle contracts to send blood …………. through the …………………….. to the aorta.
27. The heart need to …………. enough pressure so that can get the farther parts of your body.
28. Amazingly, heart pumps over ………….. liters of blood per day.
29. Cardiac muscle contracts on …………….
30. All cardiac muscle fibers are ……………………….. meaning they contract on their own without
any neural messages.
31. The heart can contract because it has ……………………. Or …………………………( SA nodes ).
32. The SA nodes sends signals along a ………………………………..
33. If the blood is blocked in ………………………., the heart muscle supplied by that area may
enoerience pain called ……………………………
23
34. If the muscle cant help the heart pump, the …………………………. will happen.
35. The ……………………….. in the heart sets the rate at which cardiac muscle contracts.
36. Cardiac muscle fibers are able to contract without outside stimulation. They are said to
be …………………….
37. The ……………………….system of the heart sends signals to all the cardiac muscle fibers.
38. Heart rate is typically measured by taking the ……………….
39. The heart can change when you ……………………., use nicotin or increase body temperature.
40. As we get older, our heart rate gradually ………….
41. If you listen to the heart with a …………………., you can hear two distinct heart sounds.
42. These heart sounds are actually caused by ………….. of the AV valves as the blood fills the
ventricles.
43. The ………………..heart sound is shorter and more high-pitched.
44. An unusual sound in the heart is called a heart ………….
45. A ………………….valve is not as flexible, doesn’t open as easily, and allows less blood through it.
46. A ………………….. valve doesn’t close very well and thus blood leaks through it.
47. ……………………. is the abnormal heart rhythm.
48. When the heart muscle contraction are not coordidated, it results in a codition
called…………………
49. 110/70. 110 indicates for …………..., 70 indicates for ……………….
50. Vasoconstriction ……………….the blood pressure, the vasodilation……………..the blood pressure.
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

CHAPTER 10. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.
- BREATHE (V)
- BREATH (N)
- CAPTURE (V) GIỮ LẠI, BẮT LẠI
- COLLAPSE (V) XẸP XUỐNG
- DIFFUSE (V) KHUẾCH Tán
- EXHALE (V) = EXPIRE (V) THỞ RA
- INHALE (V) = INSPIRE (V) HÍT VÀO
- FILTER (V) LỌC
- INFLATE (V) PHỒNG LÊN
- VIBRATE (V) RUNG
- PHARYNX (N)=THROAT: HỌNG
- CHIN (N) CẰM
- HICCUP (N) NẤC CỤC
- LARYNX (N) = VOICE BOX: THANH QUẢN
- VOCAL CORD (N) DÂY THANH QUẢN
- TRACHEA (N) = WINDPIPE: KHÍ QUẢN
- RIGID (ADJ) CỨNG
- CARTILAGE (N) SỤN
- LARYNGITIS (N) VIÊM THANH QUẢN
- INFECTION (N) NHIỄM TRÙNG
- SWELL (V) SƯNG LÊN
- EXCESSIVE (ADJ) QUÁ NHIỀU
- BRONCHUS (N) PHẾ QUẢN

- BRONCHI (N) (PLURAL OF BRONCHUS)
- PRIMARY (ADJ) ĐẦU TIÊN
- SECONDARY (ADJ) CẤP/THỨ 2
- TERTIARY (ADJ) CẤP/THỨ 3
- LOBE (N) THÙY
- BRONCHIOLE (N) TIỂU PHẾ QUẢN
- DIAMETER (N) ĐƯỜNG KÍNH
- SMOOTH MUSCLE (N) CƠ TRƠN
- CLUSTER (N) CHÙM
- ALVEOLUS (N) PHẾ NANG
- ALVEOLI (N) (PLURAL OF ALVEOLUS)
- STEM (N) THÂN
24
- RESEMBLE (V) GIỐNG VỚI

- SPONGE (N) MIẾNG BỌT BIỂN
- FIBER (N) SỢI (FIBRE) (THEATRE, THEATER/ CENTRE/CENTER)
- EMPHYSEMA (N) BỆNH KHÍ THỦNG
- NERVE IMPULSE (N) XUNG ĐỘNG, XUNG LƯỢNG THẦN KINH

- STIMULATE (V) KÍCH THÍCH
- DIAPHRAGM (N) CƠ HOÀNH
- INTERCOSTAL MUSCLE (N) CƠ LIÊN SƯỜN
- RIB (N) XƯƠNG SƯỜN
- RIB CAGE (N)
- ASTHMA (N) BỆNH SUYỄN
- INFLAMED (ADJ) BỊ VIÊM
- WHEEZING (N) THỞ KHÒ KHÈ
- ALLERGEN (N) DỊ ỨNG NGUYÊN
- POLLEN (N) PHẤN HOA
- PET DANDER (N) LỚP SỪNG, VẢY NHỎ TRÊN DA THÚ CƯNG (GÀU CỦA THÚ CƯNG)
- GAS EXCHANGE (N) SỰ TRAO ĐỔI KHÍ

- ALVEOLUS (N) ALVEOLI : PHẾ NANG
- PULMONARY CAPILLARY (N) MAO MẠCH PHỔI
- STRETCH (V) KÉO DÀI, KÉO GIÃN RA
- ALVEOLAR WALL : THÀNH PHẾ NANG
- SIMULTANEOUSLY (ADV) MỘT CÁCH ĐỒNG THỜI
- DIFFUSE (V) KHUẾCH TÁN

- DIFFUSION (N) SỰ KHUẾCH TÁN
- CONCENTRATION (N) NỒNG ĐỘ, SỰ TẬP TRUNG, MẬT ĐỘ
- RANDOM (ADJ) NGẪU NHIÊN
- BLOCK (V)=STOP : CHẶN LẠI
- MEMBRANE (N) MÀNG
- BOUNCE (V) NẢY
- BY CHANCE : TÌNH CỜ
- REPRESENT (V) ĐẠI DIỆN
- INFLATE (V) PHỒNG LÊN
- COLLAPSE (V) XẸP XUỐNG
- SURFACTANT (N) CHẤT DIỆN HOẠT
- DETERGENT-LIKE: GIỐNG NHƯ BỘT GIẶT
- INFANT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME: HỘI CHỨNG SUY HÔ HẤP Ở TRẺ NHŨ NHI
- PREMATURE (ADJ) SINH THIẾU THÁNG
- RESPIRATOR (N) MÁY THỞ
- NASAL SPRAY (N) XỊT MŨI
- FILTER (V) LỌC

- GET TRAPPED : BỊ KẸT LẠI, BỊ MẮC LẠI
- EPILITHELIAL LINING: LỚP LÓT BIỂU MÔ
- SPIT OUT (V) KHẠC RA
- BARRIER (N) RÀO CẢN, HÀNG RÀO
- TRAP (V) BẪY, BẮT
- CILLIA (N)= HAIR-LIKE STRUCTURE (MAO)
- LINE (V) LÓT
-MUCOUS MEMBRANE (N) MÀNG NHẦY
- MUCUS (N) CHẤT NHẦY
- ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE (N) ĐẠI THỰC BÀO
- HEAT (V) LÀM ẤM
- HEAT (N) SỨC NÓNG
- MOISTEN (V) LÀM ẨM
- MOISTURE (N)
- RELEASE (V) PHÁT RA
25
- RESPIRATORY INFECTION (N) NHIỄM TRÙNG HÔ HẤP

- SUSCEPTIBLE (ADJ) DỄ MẮC PHẢI, DỄ BỊ
- SINUSITIS (N) VIÊM XOANG
- PNEUMONIA (N) VIÊM PHỔI
Epiglottis:
Larynx:
Pharynx:
Trachea:
1. The respiratory system includes the lungs,......................................................…
.............................................................................................................................
2. Oxygen us necessary for ……………………., one of the processes used by oxygen to survive.
3. The ……………… will close when you swallow food to prevent the food from entering the larynx.
4. The ……………… is also known as the voice box.
5. The……………........... are attached to the sides of the larynx.
6. After air passes through the larynx, it enters the ……………… ( windpipe).
7. The trachea is fairly rigid because it is supported by rings of ……………….
8. Your ……………. Before you jump in the water.
9. Your ……………. After you take a deep breath.
10. The hairs in the nose ………………. Virus and bacteria.
11. An electronic toothbrush has bristles that ………………..
12. When you inhale, you lungs …………………….., or fill with air.
13. Hairs, mucus and cilia help to…………….. the air before it reaches the lungs.
14. The pharynx begins behind your ………... cavity and extends down past the …………… cavity to
about the level of your chin.
15. Bacterial and viral infections of the larynx can cause ………………….
16. The tertiary bronchi within the lungs branch into smaller tubes called …………………
17. Eventually, the air that is carried by the bronchioles enters clusters of ………..
18. In fact, each lung contains about …………………… alveoli.
19. The walls of each alveolus are comprised of ……………….,…….……………
20. People usually get ………………….. as a result of smoking tobacco.
21. The tobacco smoke damages the ………………….. in the alveoli
22. People with emphysema may use up to ……. of their energy just breathe out.
23. There are two ………….., one goes to each lung.
24. There are ………… lobes in the lungs.
25. The funtion of bronchioles is to ………………. The amount of air entering the lungs.
26. There is more…………….. in the trachea than in the bronchi.
27. When air is taken into the lungs, it is called………………….
28. Breathing is controlled by the ……………………
29. Durirng inspiration, the diaphragm and the ……………………… contract.
30. The amount of air that enters the lungs is controlled by the………………..
31. When you expire, the rib cage ………………… and in.
32. The …………………muscles are located between your ribs.
33. Gas exchange takes place between ……………….. and ……………………… in the lungs.
34.each alveolus is closely surronded by capillaries.
34. ………………………… means that the majority of molecules are moving in the direction of
emptier space, but not all of them.
35. Alveoli are kept inflated by a molecule called ……………………
36. Surfacant is produced by …………., ……………... in the walls of the alveoli.
37. The …………………………….. wander around freely in each alveolus and eat any particles that
have escaped easiler means of filtration.
BASIC MEDICAL TERMINNOLOGY.
❶ THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (Hệ tiêu hóa):

ROOT English meaning
Example (Ví dụ)
(Gốc từ) (Nghĩa TA)
1. gastr- stomach (dạ dày) gastrorrhea: đa tiết dạ dày (tăng dịch vị trong dạ dày)
26
2. enter- small intestine (ruột enteritis: viêm ruột non

non)
3. col(on)- large intestine (ruột già) colostomy: phẫu thuật làm hậu môn nhân tạo (mở thông
ruột già và thành bụng)
4. pharyng- pharynx (hầu) pharyngocele: thoát vị hầu (“thoát vị” = lệch ra khỏi vị trí
ban đầu)
5. hepat- liver (gan) hepatoma: khối u gan
6. cholecyst- gall bladder (túi mật) cholecystectomy: phẫu thuật cắt bỏ túi mật
7. proc- rectum and anus (trực proctorrhaphy: phẫu thuật khâu trực tràng
tràng và hậu môn)
an- anus (hậu môn) anoplasty: phẫu thuật tạo hình hậu môn
8. gloss- tongue (lưỡi) glossitis: viêm lưỡi
❷ THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (Hệ tim mạch):
Example (Ví dụ)
1. cardi- heart (tim) cardiologist: chuyên viên khoa tim
2. aort- aorta (động mạch chủ) aortography: X-quang động mạch chủ
3. arter(i)- artery (động mạch) ateriopathy: bệnh động mạch
4. ven- vein (tĩnh mạch) phlebography = venography: X-quang tĩnh mạch

phleb- Phlebolith: sỏi tĩnh mạch
5. vas- blood vessel (mạch máu) vasodilation: giãn mạch máu
angi- angiography: X-quang mạch máu
6. thromb- blood clot (huyết khối) thromboarteritis: viêm động mạch huyết khối
7. shpygm- pulse (mạch) sphygmograph: máy ghi mạch
❸ THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (Hệ hô hấp):

Example (Ví dụ)
1. laryng- larynx (thanh quản) laryngostomy: phẫu thuật mở thanh
quản
2 rhin- nose (mũi) rhinoplasty: tạo hình mũi
nas- referring to nose (liên quan tới mũi) nasal
(adjective)
3. trache- windpipe (khí quản) tracheobrochitis: viêm khí quản - phế
quản
4. bronch- bronchus (phế quản) bronchostenosis: hẹp phế quản
5.pneum-/ lung (phổi) pneumonectomy: phẫu thuật loại bỏ
pulm- phổi
pulmon
pulmonary: liên quan tới phổi
6. thorac- chest (lồng ngực) thoracotomy: phẫu thuật mở lồng ngực
7.pnoea- referring to breathing (liên quan tới hít dyspnea: khó thở hoặc đau trong lúc hít
/pnea- thở) thở
❹ THE URINARY SYSTEM (Hệ tiết niệu):
Example (Ví dụ)
1. nephr- kidney (thận) nephrolith: sỏi thận
ren- (adjective (tính renal: liên quan đến thận
27
từ))
2. ureter- ureter (niệu quản) ureterotomy: phẫu thuật rạch niệu quản
3. urethr- urethra (niệu đạo) urethroscope: ống soi niệu đạo
4. cyst- urinary bladder (bàng cystitis: viêm bàng quang
quang)
vesic- vesicostomy = cystostomy: phẫu thuật mở thông
bàng quang
5. urin- urine (nước tiểu) urinalysis: xét nghiệm nước tiểu
6. pyel- renal pyelvis (bể thận) pyelography: X-quang bể thận
* Note (Ghi chú): -uria: 1 trường hợp của nước tiểu (hematuria: sự có mặt của máu trong nước
tiểu)
❶ SUFFIXES (IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER) (Hậu tố theo bảng chữ cái)

SUFFIX English meaning
Example (Ví dụ)
(Hậu tố) (Nghĩa TA)
1. -algia/ pain (đau nhức) nephralgia: đau thận
-dynia glossodynia: đau lưỡi
2. -cele hernia (thoát vị (lệch khỏi vị trí ban đầu)) gastrocele: thoát vị dạ dày
3. - contraction (co thắt) vasoconstriction: sự co thắt mạch
constriction máu
4. -dilatation widening (giãn ra) vasodilatation= angiodilatation:
giãn mạch máu
5. -itis inflammation (viêm) ureteritis: viêm niệu quản
6. -lith stone (calculus) (đá (sỏi)) ureterolith: sỏi niệu quản
7. -megaly enlargement (làm to lên) hepatomegaly: chứng gan to
8. oedema, swelling by collection of fluid (phình lên do tích pulmonary oedema/edema: phù
edema trữ chất dịch (phù nề)) phổi
9. -oma tumor (khối u) nephroma: khối u thận
10. -pathy disease/disordes (bệnh/ rối loạn chức năng) cardiopathy: bệnh về tim
11. -plegia paralysis (tê liệt) hemiplegia: liệt nửa người
diplegia: liệt hai bên
12. -rrhage bursting forth (vỡ ra do áp lực bên trong) hemorrhage: xuất huyết
13. -rrhea flow or discharge (tuôn chảy ra) rhinorrhea: chảy mũi
14. -sclerosis hardening (xơ cứng/xơ vữa) phlebosclerosis: xơ vữa động
mạch
systemic sclerosis: xơ cứng bì
15. - spasm painful contraction (đau co thắt) enterospasm: đau thắt ruột non
16. -stenosis narrowing (hẹp) laryngostenosis: hẹp thanh quản

Example (Ví dụ)
1. - removal (loại bỏ) pneumonectomy: phẫu thuật loại bỏ phổi
ectomy
2. -pexy fixation (cố định) cystopexy: phẫu thuật cố định bàng quang
3. -plasty surgical repair (tạo hình, chỉnh sửa) gastroplasty: phẫu thuật chỉnh hình dạ
dày
4. - suturing (surgical sewing) (khâu, may vá) enterorrhaphy: phẫu thuật khâu ruột non
rrhapy
5. -stomy an operation to make an opening (phẫu pericardiostomy: phẫu thuật mở thông
thuật tạo chỗ mở) ngoại tâm mạc
28
6. -tomy cutting into (an organ) (cắt vào 1 cơ quan)pyelolithotomy: phẫu thuật cắt vào bể
thận để lấy sỏi
Note (Ghi chú): enterostomy: phẫu thuật tạo mở thông ruột non với thành bụng

Example (Ví dụ)
1. -gram a record (a graphy or an X-ray) (1 bản ghi (đồ thị cholecystogram: bản ghi (X-quang)
hoặc X-quang)) của túi mật
2. - X-ray examination (khám nghiệm bằng X-quang) cholecystography: X-quang túi mật
graphy
3. -scopy visual examination (khám nghiệm bằng thị giác rhinoscopy: soi mũi trước
(nội soi)
SUFFIX
English meaning
(Hậu Example (Ví dụ)
(Nghĩa TA)
tố)
1. - instrument for recording (thiết bị cho việc ghi cardiograph: máy ghi nhịp tim
graph nhận) myograph: máy ghi hoạt động của các
mô cơ (cơ ký)
2. - instrument for visual examination (thiết bị cho urethroscope: ống soi niệu đạo
scope việc khám nghiệm bằng thị giác)
3.- instrument for measuring (thiết bị cho việc đo sphygmomanometer: máy đo mạch
meter lường) (đo huyết áp)
SUFFIX
English meaning
(Hậu Example (Ví dụ)
(Nghĩa TA)
tố)
1. -logy study (học tập, nghiên cứu) cardiology: tim học
2. -ist specialist (a doctor who specializes in a cardiologist: chuyên viên khoa tim
particular branch of medicine) (chuyên viên
(1 bác sĩ chuyên khoa trong y học))
-cian paediatrician/pediatrician: chuyên viên về
khoa nhi (chuyên viên điều trị bệnh nhi
khoa)
PREFIX
English meaning
(Tiền Example (Ví dụ)
(Nghĩa TA)
tố)
1. tachy- fast (nhanh) tachycardia: nhịp tim nhanh
2. brady- slow (chậm) bradycardia: nhịp tim chậm
3. hyper- excessive (dư thừa) hyperglucemia: tăng đường huyết (dư thừa
đường trong máu)
4. hypo- deficient (thiếu hụt) hyperglucemia: hạ đường huyết (thiếu hụt
đường trong máu)
5. dys- difficult or impaired (khó khăn hoặc bị dysfunction: khiếm khuyết chức năng của 1 cơ
khiếm khuyết) quan
BASIC MEDICAL TERMINNOLOGY.
Q.1. Gastrorrhea means … :

A. stone in a vein. B. disease of artery.
C. tumor of the liver. D. discharge form the stomach.
Q.2. Enteritis means … :
A. inflammation (of mucous membrane) of the intestine.
29
B. Removal of the gall bladder.

C. X-ray examination of the aorta.
D. an instrument for recording the pluse.
Q.3. Colostomy means … :
A. widening of the blood vessels.
B. inflammation the tongue.
C. an operation to make an opening between the colon and the abdominal.
D. hernia of the pharynx.
Q.4. Pharyngocele means … :
A. inflammation of an artery caused by blood clot.
B. cutting into the wall of the chest.
C. hernia of the pharynx.
D. Surgical repair on the nose.
Q.5. Hepatoma means … :
A. stone in veins. B. tumor of the liver.
C. widening of the blood vessels. D. X-ray examination of a vein.
Q.6. Cholecystectomy means … :
A. inflammation of the trachea and bronchi. B. surgical repair on the nose.
C. an instrument for recording the pulse. D. removal of the gall badder.
Q.7. Protorrhaphy means …. :
A. the study of the pulse. B. a heart specialist.
C. suturing of the rectum and anus. D. enlargement of the liver.
Q.8. Anoplasty means … :
A. narrowing of the vein. B. a disease of the trachea.
C. discharge from the stomach. D. surgical repair on the anus.
Q.9. Glossitis means … :
A. fast heart beating. B. deficient glucose in the blood.
C. inflammation of the tongue. D. collection of fluid in the lung.
Q.10. Cardiologist means … :
A. a heart specialist. B. a contraction of blood vessels.
C. enlargement of the liver. D. tumor in the kidney.
Q.11. Aortagraphy means … :
A. hernia of the pharynx. B. X-ray examination of the aorta.
C. paralysis to one side of the body. D. excessive glucose in the blood.
Q.12. Arteriophathy means … :
A. cutting into the gall bladder to remove a stone. B. the study on the pulse.
C. disease of artery. D. stone in a vein.
Q.13. Venography means … :
A. X-ray examination of a vein. B. any heart disease.
C. bursting forth of blood from a vein. D. a stone within the small intestine.
Q.14. Phlebolith means … :
B. an instrument for recording chest movements.
C. stone in a vein.
D. removal of the larynx.
Q.15. Vasodilation means … :
A. painful contraction of the larynx. B. vert fast beathing.
B. a stone within the small intestine. D. widening of the blood vessels.
Q.16. Angiogram means … :
A. hardening of a vein. B. X-ray examination of arteries.
C. an X-ray picture of blood vessels. D. referring to the lungs.
Q.17. Thromboarteritis means … :
B. relating to the tongue and the pharynx.
C. bursting forth of blood from a vein.
D. a graph showing the heartbeats.
Q.18. Sphygmograph means … :
A. an operation to make an opening to pericardium.
B. an instrument for recording the pulse.
30
C. suturing the small intestine.

D. difficulty or pain in breathing.
Q.19. Laryngostomy means … :
A. an unusual functioning of an organ.
B. painful contraction of the small intestine.
C. paralysis of a similar part on both sides.
D. an operation to make an opening into the larynx.
Q.20. Rhinoplasty means … :
A. cutting into gall badder to remove a stone. B. a graph showing the heartbeats.
C. surgical repair on the nose. D. narrowing of the bronchial tubes,
Q.21. Brochostenosis means … :
A. an operation to make an opening through the throat into the windpipe.
B. visual examination of the inside of the colon.
C. narrowing of the bronchial tubes.
D. an instrument for measuring the blood pressure in the arteries.
Q.22. Trancheobronchitis means … :
A. cutting into the wall of the chest.
B. enlargement of the liver.
C. collection of fluid inn the lung.
D. inflammation of the the trachea and bronchi.
Q.23. Pneumonectomy means … :
A. removal of the lung. B. cutting into the tongue.
C. pain in the liver. D. relating to the tongue and and the pharynx.
Q.24. Pulmonary means … :
A. hernia of stomach. B. referring to the lungs.
C. pain in the kidney. D. a contraction of blood vessels.
Q.25. Thoracotomy means … :
A. an unusual functioning of an organ. B. tumor inn the kidney.
C. cutting into the wall of the chest. D. narrowing of the larynx.
Q.26. Dyspnea means … :
A. inflammation of the kidneys and its pelvis. B. difficulty or pain in breathing.
C. a tumor formed of blood vessels. D. discharge of fluid form the nose.
Q.27. Nephralgia means … :
A. pain in the tongue. B. hardening of the walls of the vein.
C. hernia of the stomach. D. pain in the kidney.
Q.28. Angiodilation means … :
A. widening of the blood vessels. B. abnormally fast rate of breathing.
C. a stone of the nose. D. any disease of the small intestine.
Q.29. Ureteritis means … :
A. an instrument for visual examination of the inside of the colon.
B. an operation to make an opening between the colon and the abdominal wall.
C. visual examination of the inside of the colon.
D. inflammation of the ureter.
Q.30. Hepatomegly means … :
A. a tumor formed of blood vessels. B. enlargement of the liver.
C. Disease involving the clotting cells. D. a disease of the brain.
Q.31. Pulmonnary edema means … :
A. inflammation of the trachea and bronchi. B. tumor of the liver.
C. pain in the chest region. D. collection of fluid in the lung.
Q.32. Nephroma means … :
A. cutting into the rectum and anus. B. stomach hernia.
C. tumor in the kidney. D. fast heart beating.
Q.33. Cardiaopathy means … :
A. any disease of the small intestine. B. bursting forth of blood from a vein.
C. hardening of the walls of the vein. D. any heart disease.
Q.34. Hemiplegia means … :
A. paralysis to one side of the body. B. a condition in which tissue becomes hard.
C. discharge form the nose. D. narrowing of the larynx.
Q.35. Diplegia means … :
31
A. cutting into the windpipe. B. paralysis of a similar part on the both sides.
C. removal of all or part of the lung. D. inflammation of the appendix.
Q.36. Hemorrhage means … :
A. bursting forth of blood. B. suturing an artery.
C. a graph showing the heartbeats. D. cutting into the tongue.
Q.37. Rhinorrhoea means … :
A. the study on the pulse. B. discharge from the nose.
C. X-ray examination of the gall bladder. D. pain in the chest region.
Q.38. Phlebosclerosis means … :
A. an unusual functioning of an organ. B. hardening of a vein.
C. an instrument for measuring the blood pressure. D. a stone in the stomach.
Q.39. Enterospasm means … :
A. an instrument for visual examination of the inside of the urethra.
B. a specialist in the study of the heart.
C. painful contraction of the small intestine.
D. cutting into the renal pelvis to remove a stone.
Q.40. Larygostenosis means … :
A. deficient glucose in the blood. B. narrowing of the larynx.
C. tumor in the large intestine. D. hernia of the stomach.
CK NGOẠI NGỮ 1 Y1 - RHM1 - DƯỢC1 ĐỀ THI THỬ [40 SENTENCES - 35 MINUTES]

Section 1.
Choose the correct definition for each word
1. Cholecystectomy means…(2 Points)
A. Surgical repair on the windpipe. B. Removal of the gallbladder.
C. X-ray examination of the bladder. D. Paralysis of the small intestine.
2. Laryngostenosis means …(2 Points)
A. disorder related to the larynx. B. hardening of the larynx
C. an operation to make an opening in the larynx. D. narrowing of the larynx.
3. Hepatomegaly means…(2 Points)
A. enlargement of the liver. B. inflammation of the liver.
C. discharge from the stomach. D. enlargement of the gallbladder.
4. Nephropexy means (2 Points)
A. fixation of the kidney. B. narrowing of the renal pelvis.
C. hardening of the urethra. D. hernia of the kidney.
5. Cystometer means(2 Points)
A. an instrument for visual examination of the inside of the bladder.
B. measurement of the pressure in the urinary bladder.
C. a graph of examination of the bladder.
D. an instrument for measuring the pressure in the urinary bladder.
6. Sphygmograph means…(2 Points)
A. Recording the pulse. B. Visual examination of the pulse.
C. An X-ray of the pulse. D. An instrument for recording the
pulse.
7. Colostomy means … (2 Points)
A. An operation to make an opening between the colon and the abdominal wall.
B. Removal of the large intestine which is inflamed.
C. Cutting into the colon to remove a stone.
D. An operation to make an opening in the renal pelvis.
8. Thrombophlebitis means … (2 Points)
A. Inflammation of the lungs originating from a blood clot.
B. Removal of a blood clot.
C. Inflammation of a vein associated with formation of a blood clot.
D. Hernia of the lungs originating from the veins.
9. Gastroscope means … (2 Points)
A. an instrument for visual examination of the stomach.
B. a graph of the stomach.
C. the study of the diseases of the digestive system.
D. an instrument for measuring the stomach pressure.
32
10. Bradycardia means…. (2 Points)

A. slow heart beating. B. blockage of the coronary arteries.
C. enlargement of the heart. D. difficult or painful breathing.
11. Dysuria means … (2 Points)
A. Difficult urination. B. Analysis of urine
C. Excessive urination. D. Presence of blood in the urine.
12. Tachypnea means … (2 Points)
A. slow breathing. B. difficult urination.
C. excessive urination. D. abnormally fast rate of breathing.
13.Nephropathy means … (2 Points)
A. A medical disorder of the kidney. B. X-ray examination of the ureter.
C. Widening of the ureter. D. A tumor in the urethra.
14. Gastrolith means … (2 Points)
A. A stone in the stomach. B. Inflammation of the gallbladder.
C. A stone in the gallbladder. D. Inflammation of the stomach.
15. Rhinodynia means … (2 Points)
A. Pain in the nose or nasal area.
B. Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose.
C. Surgical repair on the nose.
D. Bursting forth of blood from the nose.
Section 2.
Read the passage and choose the correct letter A, B, C or D to complete the answer: (10ms)
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin used to treat and prevent a wide variety of
conditions. Often, people use it to prevent or treat the common cold. However, there are other
claimed uses of vitamin C as well, such as for reducing the risk of heart disease. Some of these
uses are more valid than others.
The vitamin has several different effects in the human body, such as:
- Antioxidant -- Many of the effects of vitamin C can be attributed to its antioxidant effects. As
an antioxidant, it helps prevent the formation of free radicals, damaging molecules or atoms that
can start a chain reaction of cellular damage. Free radicals play a role in various age-related
conditions, such as cancer and heart disease.
- Immune function -- There are numerous different proposed mechanisms by which vitamin C
may improve immune function. At this time, it is not entirely clear how the vitamin stimulates the
immune system.
- Iron absorption -- Vitamin C aids in the absorption of iron from the digestive tract into the
body.
- Various metabolic pathways and synthesis processes -- It is important for many different
crucial processes in the body, including forming cartilage and proteins and building or breaking
down numerous other compounds or tissues in the body.
Vitamin C may be effective for several different uses. However, there is much controversy
about some uses, such as for the common cold.
Most people do not experience side effects with vitamin C (at normal doses). However, some
people may experience side effects (especially with high doses), including, but not limit to nausea,
vomiting, heartburn or indigestion, insomnia, kidney stones. Normal doses are probably safe for
most people, but high doses can cause problems. Some people may be more likely to experience
problems due to vitamin C.
16. Which is NOT mentioned as the purpose of vitamin C use?- to prevent____(2 Points)
A. cancer. B. common cold. C. flu. D. risk of heart
disease.
17. An antioxidant is useful in the prevention of ___(2 Points)
A. chain reaction of mechanism. B. important process in the body
C. damaging molecules and atoms. D. cellular formation
18. ‘Tract ’ in ’ digestive tract ’ means ____.(2 Points)
A. Organ. B. system. C. tube. D. bowel.
19.’Forming cartilage’ is an example of ____.(2 Points)
A. side effects of vitamin C. B. essential process in the body.
C. controversy about vitamin C use. D. antioxidant effect of vitamin C.
20. The complication of overdose use of vitamin C may be____(2 Points)
33
A. vomiting, nausea, cancer, insomnia, kidney stones.

B. kidney stones, heartburn, nausea, dengue fever.
C. nausea, kidney stones diarrhea.
D. indigestion, insomnia, vomiting, kidney stones.
Section 3.
Read the passage and choose the correct letter A, B, C or D to complete the answer:
Scientists do not know yet thoroughly understand just how the body of an individual
becomes sensitive to a substance that is harmless or even wholesome for the average person.
Milk, wheat, and egg, for example, rank among the most healthful and widely foods. Yet these
foods can cause persons sensitive to them to suffer greatly. At first, the body of the individual is
not harmed by coming into contact with the substance. After a varying interval of time, usually
longer than a few weeks, the body becomes sensitive to it, and an allergy has begun to develop.
Sometimes it’s hard to figure out if you have a food allergy, since it can show up so many
different ways. Your symptoms could be caused by many other problems. You may have rashes,
hives, joint pains mimicking arthritis, headaches, irritability, or depression. The most common
food allergies are to milk, eggs, seafood, wheat, nuts, seeds, chocolate, oranges, and tomatoes.
Many of these allergies will not develop if these foods are not fed to an infant until her or his
intestines mature at around seven months. Breast milk also tends to be protective. Migrains can
be set off by foods containing tyramine, phenathylamine, monosodium glutamate, or sodium
nitrate. Common foods which contain these are chocolate, aged cheese, sour cream, red wine,
pickled herring, chicken livers, avocados, ripe bananas, cured meats, many Oriental and prepared
foods (read the labels!). Some people have been successful in treating their migraines with
supplements of B-vitamins, particularly B6 and niacin. Children who are hyperactive may
benefit from eliminating food additives, especially colorings, and foods high in salicylates from
their diets. A few of these are almonds, green peppers, peaches, tea, grapes. This is the diet made
popular by Benjamin Feingold, who has written the book Why your Child is hyperactive. Other
researchers have had mixed results when testing whether the diet is effective.
21. The topic of this passage is ___(2 Points)
A. a good diet. B. reactions to food.
C. food and nutrition. D. infants and allergies
22. According to the passage, the difficulty in diagnosing allergies to foods is due to ____.(2
Points)
A. lack of a proper treatment plan.
B. the use of prepared formula to feed babies.
C. the similarity of symptoms of the allergy to other problems.
D. the vast number of different foods we eat.
23.“Arthritis” means _____.(2 Points)
A. inflammation of the abdomen. B. inflammation of the joints
C. inflammation of the bones. D. inflammation of the brain.
24. The word “symptoms” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ___(2 Points)
A. Indications. B. prescriptions. C. diagnosis. D.
diet
25. What can be inferred about babies from this passage?(2 Points)
A. They can eat mostly anything.
B. They gain little benefit from being breast fed.
C. They may become hyperactive if fed solid food too early.
D. They should have a careful restricted diet as infants.
26.The author states that the reason that infants need to avoid certain foods related to
allergies has to do with the infant’s _____.(2 Points)
A. inability to swallow solid foods. B. poor metabolism.
C. lack of teeth. D. underdeveloped intestinal tract.
27. Which of the following is a suggested treatment for migraines in the passage?(2 Points)
A. Getting plenty of sodium nitrate. B. Using vitamin B in addition to a good diet.
C. Eating more ripe bananas. D. Avoiding all Oriental foods.
28. The word "contain" in paragraph 2 can be best replaced by _____.(2 Points)
A. consist. B. comprise. C. make up of. D. compose of
29. The word “hyperactive” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.(2 Points)
A. unusually low active. B. extremely active. C. excited. D. inquisitive.
30. According to the article, the Feingold diet is not _____.(2 Points)
34
A. available in book form.

B. beneficial for hyperactive children.
C. designed to eliminate foods containing certain food additives.
D. verified by researchers as being consistently effective.
Section 4
Read the passage and fill ONE word in each gap. There are 3 UNUSED words
FLOWS TWO ARTERY TRICUSPID ATRIA VENTRICLES
CUSPS OXYGENATED DOWNHILL AORTA MOONS ATRIUM
CHORDAE TENDINEAE
The chambers and valves of the heart
The heart has four chambers. The word “chamber” means room. The top two smaller
chambers are called (31)_______. The bottom two larger chambers are called (32)_________ The
atria and ventricles are named for the nearest side of that person’s body: right or left. Therefore,
you have a right atrium and a left atrium, a right ventricle and a left ventricle.
Blood always (33)_____________ from the atria to the ventricles. Small door-like structures
called valves separate each atrium from the ventricle below it. Since there are two atria and two
ventricles, there are two atrioventricular valves, or AV valves for short.
The atrioventricular valve on the right is called the (34)______________ valve. This valve has
three cusps - flaps or small pieces of tissue that form part of the valve. The AV valve on the left is
called the bicuspid valve or mitral valve. This valve gas (35)_______ cusps.
Blood flows easily from the atria through AV valves to the ventricles due to gravity.
Liquids naturally flow (36)___________. When the ventricle is full of blood, the blood pushes the the
cusps of the AV valves closed. There are strings that attach the cusps to a muscle in the wall of the
ventricle. These strings, called (37)________________hold the cusps in the closed position so they
don’t push into the atria.
There are two more valves in the heart. These valves are called semilunar valves. These
two valves look like half (38)_____________. One semilunar valve is between the right ventricle and
the pulmonary artery. This valve is called the pulmonary semilunar valve. As blood travels
through the heart, it is pumped from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery and then to the
lungs to be (39)______________. The pulmonary semilunar valve closes to make sure that blood
doesn’t flow back into the ventricle after it enters the pulmonary artery.
The other semilunar valve, called the aortic semilunar valve, separates the left ventricle
from the (40)_____ which is the largest artery in the body. When oxygenated blood leaves the left
ventricle, it passes through the aortic semilunar valve and enters the aorta to travel throughout
the body. The aortic semilunar valve closes to prevent the blood from falling back into the left
ventricle.
41. Write a paragraph of approximately 120 words to describe the following organ based
of the given clues.
THE STOMACH
Shape: J-shaped organ
Size: Empty stomach: 45ml of food; Full stomach: 1l of food.

Location: Left upper part of abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm.
Structure: A muscular organ, be lined with mucous coat.
4 sections: cardia, fundus, body and pylorus.
Function: Receive food from oesophagus.
Store food: a short-term food storage facility.
Break down chemicals: Secrete acid and enzymes that digest food.

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1

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y KHOA PHẠM NGỌC THẠCH

I looked around in a blood-soaked gown.

MIDTERM TEST RHM DƯỢC 2021

C.They coordinate communication between the various cells of the body.

MIDTERM TEST Y2021A

MIDTERM TEST Y2021B

3. What organ does NOT come into contact with food?

6. What is the largest artery in the body?

9. Breathing is controlled by the ____________.

12. Peptic ulcers are caused by eating spicy food.

17. What does a doctor use to listen to heart sounds?

18. Which layer of the heart contracts when it beats?

A. Incisors. B. Premolars. C. Molars. D. Canines.

26. What is the medical term for high blood pressure?

31. What is “enterolith”?

MIDTERM TEST Y2021C

D. inflammation of the bronchi.

MIDTERM TEST Y2021D.

8. Glucagon causes blood sugar levels to ______.

Pulp (n) tủy (răng)

Pharynx (n) hầu, họng

Gall bladder (n) túi mật

Diaphragm (n) cơ hoành

Homeostasis (n) cân bằng nội môi

Regulate (v) điều tiết, điều hòa

Excrete ( v) thải ra, bài tiết

Electrical current (n) dòng điện

12. Saliva is made by six sac-like organs called ……………………………….

MULTIPLE CHOICES AND SHORT QUESTIONS

7. Your back teeth are useful for _________ food.

A. Pyloric sphincter. B. Gall bladder. C. Gastroesophageal sphincter. D. Peristalsis.

1. Absorption. A. Breaking up food

CHAPTER 7. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

Exert (v) dùng, nỗ lực, gắng sức, ép

THORACIC CAVITY (N) = CHEST CAVITY : KHOANG NGỰC

ATRIUM (N) TÂM NHĨ

SUPERIOR VENA CAVA : TĨNH MẠCH CHỦ TRÊN

PUMP (N) CÁI BƠM, (v) bơm

HEART RATE (N) NHỊP TIM

FETUS (N) BÀO THAI, THAI

PROPERLY (ADJ) ĐÚNG, PHÙ HỢP

FLEXIBLE (ADJ) ĐÀN HỒI

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (N) ĐIỆN TÂM ĐỒ

SYSTOLIC PRESSURE (N) ÁP SUẤT TÂM THU

CONSTANT (ADJ) KHÔNG ĐỔI

ARTERY (N) ĐỘNG MẠCH

-carotid artery (n) động mạch cảnh

- lymphatic vessel (n) mạch bạch huyết

1. The cardiovascular system comprised of the ………..,………… and…………......

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

- BRONCHUS (N) PHẾ QUẢN

- RESEMBLE (V) GIỐNG VỚI

- NERVE IMPULSE (N) XUNG ĐỘNG, XUNG LƯỢNG THẦN KINH

- GAS EXCHANGE (N) SỰ TRAO ĐỔI KHÍ

- DIFFUSE (V) KHUẾCH TÁN

- FILTER (V) LỌC

- RESPIRATORY INFECTION (N) NHIỄM TRÙNG HÔ HẤP

BASIC MEDICAL TERMINNOLOGY.

❶ THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (Hệ tiêu hóa):

2. enter- small intestine (ruột enteritis: viêm ruột non

3. arter(i)- artery (động mạch) ateriopathy: bệnh động mạch

4. ven- vein (tĩnh mạch) phlebography = venography: X-quang tĩnh mạch