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21. Which immune cell is primarily responsible for the production of antibodies?

a) B cells

b) T cells

c) Natural killer cells

d) Neutrophils

Correct answer: a) B cells

22. Which type of T cell helps regulate the immune response and prevent autoimmunity?

a) Helper T cells (CD4+)

b) Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+)

c) Memory T cells

d) Regulatory T cells

Correct answer: d) Regulatory T cells

23. The MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class I molecules are primarily
responsible for presenting antigens to which type of immune cells?

a) B cells

b) Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+)

c) Helper T cells (CD4+)

d) Natural killer cells

Correct answer: b) Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+)

24. What is the main function of the thymus in the immune system?

a) Antibody production

b) Antigen presentation

c) T cell maturation

d) Cytokine production
Correct answer: c) T cell maturation

25. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the formation of immune complexes
that deposit in tissues, leading to inflammation and damage?

a) Type I (immediate hypersensitivity)

b) Type II (cytotoxic hypersensitivity)

c) Type III (immune complex hypersensitivity)

d) Type IV (delayed-type hypersensitivity)

Correct answer: c) Type III (immune complex hypersensitivity)

26. Which cell type is responsible for the production of histamine during an allergic
response?

a) Eosinophils

b) Basophils

c) Monocytes

d) Macrophages

Correct answer: b) Basophils

27. The process by which white blood cells squeeze through blood vessel walls to reach
sites of infection or injury is known as:

a) Phagocytosis

b) Diapedesis

c) Chemotaxis

d) Opsonization

Correct answer: b) Diapedesis

28. Which cytokine is primarily involved in promoting inflammation and fever?

a) Interferon
b) Interleukin-2

c) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)

d) Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)

Correct answer: c) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)

29. The term "vaccination" is derived from the Latin word "vacca," which means:

a) Cure

b) Virus

c) Bacteria

d) Cow

Correct answer: d) Cow

30. Which immunoglobulin is the first to appear during the primary immune response but
is generally considered less effective than other antibody classes?

a) IgA

b) IgM

c) IgE

d) IgG

Correct answer: b) IgM

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