Lab-02 Manual:

Measurement of Power using

Wattmeter, Ammeter, and
Voltmeter
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
- 1.1 Objectives
- 1.2 Theory
- 1.3 Equipment and Materials

2. Experimental Procedure
- 2.1 Measurement of Power using a Wattmeter
- 2.2 Measurement of Current using an Ammeter
- 2.3 Measurement of Voltage using a Voltmeter

3. Data Collection
- 3.1 Data Table: Measurement of Power
- 3.2 Data Table: Measurement of Current
- 3.3 Data Table: Measurement of Voltage

4. Calculations

5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Conclusion

8. Safety

1. Introduction

1.1 Objectives

The objective of this laboratory experiment is to learn how to measure electrical power
using a wattmeter and to measure electrical current and voltage using an ammeter and
voltmeter, respectively.

- Understand the principles of operation of ammeters, voltmeters, and multimeters.

- Use ammeters to measure current in a circuit.
- Use voltmeters to measure voltage across various components in a circuit.
- Operate multimeters in both ammeter and voltmeter modes.
- Practice proper safety precautions when working with electrical instruments.
 1.2 Theory

Ammeter:
An ammeter is used to measure electrical current in a circuit. It is connected in series with
the component or circuit under investigation and provides a reading in amperes (A).

Voltmeter:
A voltmeter measures electrical voltage in a circuit. It is connected in parallel with the
component or circuit under investigation and provides a reading in volts (V).

Wattmeter:
A wattmeter is an essential electrical instrument used to measure electrical power. It
comprises two coils - a current coil and a voltage coil. The current coil measures the
current (I) flowing through the circuit, while the voltage coil measures the voltage (V)
across the circuit. The product of these two readings gives the power (P) in the circuit:
P=VI

1.3 Equipment and Materials

- Ammeter
- Voltmeter
- Wattmeter (Digital or Analog)
- Electrical power source (e.g., AC power source)
- Various electrical components (e.g., resistors, bulbs)
- Connecting wires
- Safety goggles

2. Experimental Procedure

2.1 Procedure

1. Measurement of Power using a Wattmeter

2. Ensure that all apparatus is properly set up and connected.
3. Connect the wattmeter to the circuit in which you intend to measure power. The current
coil should be connected in series with the load, and the voltage coil should be connected
in parallel with the load.
4. Power on the electrical power source and allow the circuit to stabilize.
5. Record the readings from both the current coil and the voltage coil of the wattmeter.

2.2 Measurement of Current using an Ammeter

Disconnect the wattmeter from the circuit.

Connect the ammeter in series with the circuit you wish to measure the current of. Ensure
proper circuit connections and set the ammeter to measure the appropriate range of
current.
Turn on the electrical power source and allow the circuit to stabilize.
Record the reading from the ammeter, which represents the current flowing through the
circuit.
 2.3 Measurement of Voltage using a Voltmeter

Disconnect the ammeter from the circuit.

Connect the voltmeter in parallel with the circuit you want to measure the voltage of. Ensure
proper circuit connections and set the voltmeter to measure the appropriate range of voltage.
Turn on the electrical power source and allow the circuit to stabilize.
Record the reading from the voltmeter, which represents the voltage across the circuit.

3.1 Data Calculation:

Suppose the voltage (V) across the circuit is 10 volts and the Current (I) of the circuit is 5 A.

Using: P = VI = 10 V * 5 A
= 50 VA or Watt

So, the power (P) is 50 watts.

Voltage (V) Ammeter Reading (A) Power (W)

3.2 Measurement of Voltage

Voltage (V)

3.3 Measurement of Current

Current (A)

4. Calculations

Perform the following calculations:

Calculate power (P) using the formula:

P=VI
where:

P is the power in watts (W)

V is the voltage in volts (V)

I is the current in amperes (A)

 Power (W)

5. Results

Present your results in a clear and organized manner. Include tables and graphs if necessary.

6. Discussion

Discuss the results obtained and any discrepancies between the measurements. Explain
the significance of measuring power, current, and voltage in electrical circuits. Consider
factors that may have affected the accuracy of the measurements.

7. Conclusion

Summarize the key findings of the experiment. Discuss the importance of accurate
measurements in electrical circuits and how the knowledge gained from this experiment can be
applied in practical scenarios.

8. Safety Precautions

1. Wear safety goggles: Protect your eyes from potential hazards.

2. Follow circuit diagrams: Ensure that your circuits are connected as per the provided
instructions.

3. Avoid touching live wires: Ensure the power supply is off when making connections or
adjustments.

4. Use appropriate voltage and current limits: Do not exceed the rated limits of the
instruments.

5. Keep the work area clean: Avoid clutter and organize wires and components neatly.

6. Turn off power before making changes: Always disconnect the power supply before
modifying the circuit.

7. Double-check connections: Verify your connections before applying power to avoid

short circuits.

8. Handle instruments with care: Avoid dropping or mishandling the equipment.