ACTIVITY 1

BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

Objective: To assess students' understanding of the different branches of philosophy and their core concepts.

1. What branch of philosophy is concerned with the study of existence as a whole, including the nature of reality and
the universe?

a) Ethics

b) Epistemology

c) Metaphysics

d) Aesthetics

2. Which branch of philosophy deals with questions about what is right and wrong and provides a code of values to
guide human choices and actions?

a) Metaphysics

b) Epistemology

c) Politics

d) Ethics

3. What is the primary focus of aesthetics in philosophy?

a) Defining the principles of a proper social system

b) Studying the nature and objective judgment of beauty

c) Determining the means to obtain virtue

d) Examining the fundamental characteristics of human nature

Short Answer:

4. Explain the role of epistemology in philosophy and why it is essential in guiding human knowledge.

5. Describe the relationship between ethics and metaphysics in understanding how human beings ought to function.

6. Provide a brief definition of politics in philosophy and explain why it is dependent on knowledge about human
beings.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

1. c) Metaphysics

2. d) Ethics

3. b) Studying the nature and objective judgment of beauty

4. Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that studies the nature and means of human knowledge. It is
essential because it helps us understand how we obtain knowledge, whether through revelation, intuition,
instinct, or reason. It also explores the possibility of achieving certainty or facing perpetual doubt in our
pursuit of knowledge.

5. Ethics, also known as morality, provides a code of values to guide human choices and actions. It tells us how
human beings ought to function. To describe how human beings ought to act, we must first understand the
nature of existence (provided by metaphysics) and how knowledge is obtained (provided by epistemology).
Therefore, metaphysics and epistemology are the foundations of ethics.

6. Politics, in philosophy, defines the principles of a proper social system. This definition presupposes
knowledge about human beings. The foundation of politics ultimately rests on metaphysics and epistemology
because these cognitive branches provide an understanding of human nature and how knowledge is
acquired, which are essential in defining a proper social system.
 ACTIVITY 2

BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

1. What is the primary concern of metaphysics in philosophy?

a) The nature of art

b) The standard of the good

c) The study of existence and reality

d) The means of human knowledge

2. Which branch of philosophy is responsible for providing a code of values to guide human choices and actions?

a) Metaphysics

b) Epistemology

c) Ethics

d) Politics

3. Which branch of philosophy deals with the study of the nature and means of human knowledge?

a) Aesthetics

b) Metaphysics

c) Epistemology

d) Ontology

4. What do the cognitive branches of philosophy, metaphysics and epistemology, focus on?

a) The study of ethics and morality

b) Providing a code of values

c) A description of being and knowing

d) The study of the good in society

5. Which branch of philosophy defines the principles of a proper social system and is dependent on knowledge about
human beings?

a) Aesthetics

b) Politics

c) Metaphysics

d) Epistemology
6. What is the primary concern of aesthetics in philosophy?

a) The nature of existence

b) The objective judgment of beauty

c) The means to obtain virtue

d) The standard of the good

7. Which branch of philosophy focuses on fundamental and essential characteristics of human nature?

a) Metaphysics

b) Epistemology

c) Ethics

d) Ontology

8. The first two branches of philosophy, metaphysics and epistemology, are often referred to as what type of
branches?

a) Cognitive branches

b) Normative branches

c) Aesthetic branches

d) Ethical branches

9. What is the primary concern of epistemology in philosophy?

a) The nature of existence

b) The objective judgment of beauty

c) The means of human knowledge

d) The study of ethics and morality

10. What is the role of ethics in philosophy?

a) To study the nature of human knowledge

b) To provide a code of values for human choices and actions

c) To define the principles of a proper social system

d) To explore the objective judgment of beauty

 KEY TO CORRECTION

1. c) The study of existence and reality

2. c) Ethics
3. c) Epistemology
4. c) A description of being and knowing
5. b) Politics
6. b) The objective judgment of beauty
7. d) Ontology
8. a) Cognitive branches
9. c) The means of human knowledge
10. b) To provide a code of values for human choices and actions
 ACTIVITY 3

BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

Your task is to determine if each statement is "True" or "False." Read each statement carefully

1. Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that primarily deals with the study of art and aesthetics.

True

False

2. Epistemology focuses on understanding the nature and means of human knowledge.

True

False

3. Metaphysics and epistemology are considered cognitive branches of philosophy.

True

False

4. Ethics is the branch of philosophy that provides a code of values to guide human choices and actions.

True

False

5. Politics and aesthetics are normative branches of philosophy.

True

False

6. Philosophy does not concern itself with what "ought" to be, only with what "is."

True

False

7. Aesthetics is primarily concerned with the nature of art and beauty.

True

False

8. Philosophical anthropology is a sub-branch of aesthetics.

True

False

9. Ethics is foundational to understanding the principles of a proper social system, according to Ayn Rand.

True

False

10. Knowledge about human beings is provided by the normative branches of philosophy.

True
False

KEY TO CORRECTION
1. False
2. True
3. True
4. True
5. True
6. False
7. True
8. False
9. True
10.False
 ACTIVITY 4

BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

Instructions: Read each statement carefully and decide if it's "Truly" (correct) or "Nah" (incorrect).

1. Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that deals with the study of beauty and art.

Truly

Nah

2. Metaphysics explores questions related to the fundamental nature of reality and existence.

Truly

Nah

3. Ethics focuses on what "ought" to be, guiding human choices and actions.

Truly

Nah

4. Aesthetics primarily concerns the study of human knowledge and the means to obtain it.

Truly

Nah

5. Metaphysics and epistemology are categorized as normative branches of philosophy.

Truly

Nah

6. Politics is the branch of philosophy that defines the principles of a proper social system.

Truly

Nah

7. Philosophical anthropology studies the metaphysical nature of man and is a sub-branch of epistemology.

Truly

Nah

8. Aesthetics is concerned with the objective judgment of beauty and art.

Truly

Nah

9. Ethics is foundational for understanding the "good" for human beings in any setting, whether in society or
alone.

Truly

Nah

10. According to Ayn Rand, politics is not influenced by knowledge about human beings.

Truly
 Nah

KEY TO CORRECTION
1. Nah
2. True
3. True
4. Nah
5. Nah
6. True
7. True
8. True
9. True
10.Nah
 ACTIVITY 5

BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

In this activity, you'll match the correct branch of philosophy with its description or key characteristics. Review the
descriptions carefully to identify which branch of philosophy they correspond to.

Instructions:

Match the numbers (1-5) with the letters (A-E) to correctly identify which branch of philosophy corresponds to each
description. For example, if you believe that "1. Metaphysics" corresponds to description "A," write "1A."

Branches of Philosophy:

1. Metaphysics
2. Epistemology
3. Ethics
4. Politics
5. Aesthetics

Descriptions/Key Characteristics:

A. This branch deals with the study of the fundamental nature of reality, existence, and the universe as a whole.

B. It focuses on the nature of human knowledge, the means of obtaining knowledge, and questions about certainty
and doubt.

C. The primary concern is determining what is right and wrong, providing a moral code for human behavior.

D. This branch explores the principles of a proper social system and the organization of society.

E. It is concerned with understanding the nature of art, beauty, and the objective judgment of aesthetics.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. E
 ACTIVITY 6

Philosophical Tools and Processes

1. Who is known for using the Socratic Method, a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue based on asking
and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking?
A. Aristotle
B. Plato
C. Socrates
D. Kant
E. Hegel

2. What is the primary purpose of philosophical questions in the field of philosophy?

A. To establish facts through empirical evidence
B. To engage in debates without reaching conclusions
C. To stimulate critical thinking and acquire knowledge
D. To prove theories through experimentation
E. To explore religious beliefs and doctrines

3. Which type of reasoning begins with a particular observation and derives a general conclusion?
A. Deductive reasoning
B. Inductive reasoning
C. Dialectical reasoning
D. Socratic reasoning
E. Logical reasoning

4. What is dialectics?
A. A type of deductive reasoning
B. A method of philosophical argument involving contradiction
C. A branch of epistemology
D. The study of aesthetics
E. A type of inductive reasoning

5. Which 18th-century philosopher expounded dialectics and influenced Karl Marx?

A. Aristotle
B. Plato
C. Socrates
D. Kant
E. Hegel

6. Which branch of philosophy is focused on reasoning and the process of thinking to form conclusions or
judgments?
A. Metaphysics
B. Epistemology
C. Ethics
D. Aesthetics
E. Logic

7. What is deductive reasoning?

A. A type of logical reasoning
 B. A method of cooperative argumentative dialogue
C. A branch of ethics
D. The process of forming judgments
E. A type of dialectical reasoning

8. In deductive reasoning, what do you start with to derive a specific conclusion?

A. A general observation
B. A particular observation
C. A philosophical question
D. A syllogism
E. A premise

9. Which branch of philosophy often bases its arguments on human reason alone and deals with the concepts
of right and wrong?
A. Metaphysics
B. Epistemology
C. Ethics
D. Politics
E. Aesthetics

10. What is the primary goal of philosophy?

A. To establish religious beliefs
B. To prove scientific theories
C. To ask philosophical questions
D. To explore aesthetic experiences
E. To seek knowledge and truth through reason
 KEY TO CORRECTION

1. C
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. E
6. E
7. A
8. E
9. C
10.E
 ACTIVITY 7

Philosophical Tools and Processes

In this activity, you'll be presented with a scenario, and you have to choose the appropriate philosophical tool or
process to apply. There are 5 scenarios, each followed by multiple-choice options:

Scenario 1: You want to determine the validity of a scientific theory. Which philosophical tool or process would you
use?

A. Philosophical Questions

B. Socratic Method

C. Logical Reasoning

D. Dialectics

Scenario 2: You are engaged in a debate with someone who holds a different viewpoint, and you want to stimulate
critical thinking and draw out underlying presuppositions. What philosophical tool would you employ?

A. Philosophical Questions

B. Socratic Method

C. Logical Reasoning

D. Dialectics

Scenario 3: You are analyzing an ethical dilemma and trying to discern what is morally right or wrong based on
rational thinking. Which philosophical tool or process is essential for this task?

A. Philosophical Questions

B. Socratic Method

C. Logical Reasoning

D. Dialectics

Scenario 4: You are presented with a logical argument and need to determine the conclusion based on the premises
provided. What kind of reasoning would you use in this situation?

A. Deductive Reasoning

B. Inductive Reasoning

C. Socratic Reasoning

D. Dialectical Reasoning
Scenario 5: You're in a discussion about the fundamental nature of reality and existence. What branch of philosophy
would you be engaged in?

A. Metaphysics B. Epistemology C. Ethics D. Politics

KEY TO CORRECTION

1. C. Logical Reasoning

2. D. Dialectics

3. C. Logical Reasoning

4. A. Deductive Reasoning

5. A. Metaphysics
 ACTIVITY 8

Philosophical Tools and Processes

For each statement, indicate whether it's true or false based on your knowledge of philosophical tools and processes.

1. The Socratic Method involves asking questions to stimulate critical thinking and uncover underlying ideas.

2. Dialectics is a term used to describe a method of philosophical argument that involves some sort of
contradictory process between opposing sides.

3. Deductive reasoning starts with a specific observation or premise and generalizes to a broader conclusion.

4. Inductive reasoning begins with a general premise and derives specific conclusions from it.

5. Logical reasoning is the sole method used in all branches of philosophy to explain arguments.

6. Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that deals with the fundamental nature of reality and existence.

7. Philosophical questions are unnecessary for those who have acquired a lot of knowledge.

8. Dialectical reasoning was first developed by Socrates in ancient Greece.

9. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that primarily relies on religious texts for moral guidance.

10. Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates were the triumvirate Greek philosophers who institutionalized the use of logical
reasoning in philosophy.
 KEY TO CORRECTION
1. True
2. True
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. False
7. False
8. False
9. False
10.False
 ACTIVITY 9

Philosophical Tools and Processes

Test your knowledge by matching the famous philosopher to their respective philosophical ideas or contributions.
Here are the philosophers and their corresponding contributions:

1. Socrates
2. Aristotle
3. Immanuel Kant
4. Karl Marx
5. Plato
6. Friedrich Nietzsche
7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
8. John Locke
9. Confucius

Contributions:

A. Categorical Imperative and Deontological Ethics

B. The Allegory of the Cave and Forms

C. Social Contract Theory

D. Existentialism and the Will to Power

E. Empiricism and the Blank Slate Theory

F. Communist Manifesto and Historical Materialism

G. Virtue Ethics and the Golden Mean

H. Dialectical Materialism and Class Struggle

I. The Analects and Confucianism

 KEY TO CORRECTION

1. Socrates - B. The Allegory of the Cave and Forms

2. Aristotle - G. Virtue Ethics and the Golden Mean
3. Immanuel Kant - A. Categorical Imperative and Deontological Ethics
4. Karl Marx - F. Communist Manifesto and Historical Materialism
5. Plato - B. The Allegory of the Cave and Forms
6. Friedrich Nietzsche - D. Existentialism and the Will to Power
7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau - C. Social Contract Theory
8. John Locke - E. Empiricism and the Blank Slate Theory
9. Confucius - I. The Analects and Confucianism
 ACTIVITY 10

Philosophical Tools and Processes

Instructions: Match each branch of philosophy with its primary focus or area of study. Choose the correct letter to
pair the branch with its focus.

Branches of Philosophy:

A. Metaphysics

B. Epistemology

C. Ethics

D. Politics

E. Aesthetics

Primary Focus:

1. The study of the fundamental nature of reality, existence, and the universe as a whole.

2. The study of the nature of human knowledge, the means of obtaining knowledge, and questions about
certainty and doubt.

3. The primary concern is determining what is right and wrong, providing a moral code for human behavior.

4. Explores the principles of a proper social system and the organization of society.

5. Concerned with understanding the nature of art, beauty, and the objective judgment of aesthetics.
 KEY TO CORRECTION
1. A. Metaphysics

2. B. Epistemology

3. C. Ethics

4. D. Politics

5. E. Aesthetics