Poultry by product meal

Dr. Yousria Ahmed Osman

Nutrition Diploma,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
I’ve chosen this field
Because???
Wait slide no.20
Background

▪ Egypt produces below 15-20% of the feed raw materials that are consumed
locally, and the rest is imported.
▪ Egypt imports 12 million tons of it annually.
▪ Egypt relies on 3 main countries to import yellow corn: Ukraine, Brazil and
Argentina.
▪ The alternative solution to control prices in the Egyptian market is to
1. Settle the industry locally instead of relying on imported raw materials
(Replacements).
2. Government import yellow corn and supervising its distribution in quotas
according to the existing factories, and thus we can control the rise in
prices within the market.
Poultry by product meal

1. Definition.
2. Processing.
3. Nutritive value.
4. Permissible limits.
5. Environmental impact.
6. Economical point of view.
1-Definition
The composition of poultry by-products depends on processing
conditions and on the source of raw materials.
Definition
Poultry Meal
Group A
the ground, rendered, clean parts
of the carcass of slaughtered
poultry such as necks, heads,
feet, undeveloped eggs, gizzards,
and intestines (their content is
removed) exclusive of feathers
(except in such amounts as might
occur unavoidably in good
processing practices).
Poultry Meal
Group B
Treating all poultry
slaughterhouse by-products by
heat under pressure, including
parts of the carcass, heads and
legs, incompletely developed
eggs, feathers, entrails, blood,
dead clean bodies, provided that
it is free from manure, foreign
materials, harmful
microorganisms, and unwanted
odors.
 Differences

Physical Properties
Item A B
Presentation: Powder form.
Color: Golden to mid brown. Protein 55% min 60% min

Smell: Fresh poultry odor, without rancid. Ash 8% max 8% max

Specification
Fat 18% max 18% max
▪ Protein in B higher than Group A.
Moisture 10% max 10% max
▪ Ash in group A might be higher than B.
Fibers 3% max 3% max
▪ Fat in group A might be higher than B.
 2-Processing

Processing poultry offal into poultry meal requires several steps.

1- Poultry offal are primarily collected in containers to be stabilized through fermentation
with molasses or brewer's grain.
Stabilization may be achieved with acid or basic treatments; Mineral acids such as sulfuric
or phosphoric acids, Organic acids and chemical bases as NaOH.
2- The traditional way of processing offal used to be wet-rendering (cooking under steam
pressure) but it was replaced by dry-rendering, which resulted in meals of higher quality .
3- The stabilized (or not) poultry offal is cooked and dried down to 8% moisture.
When the resulting meal appears to be too fat (above 16% fat), rancidity problems may
occur during storage.
4- Fat extraction is therefore recommended and yields a 10-12% fat content poultry by-
product meal.
3-Nutritive value

▪ Poultry meal is one of the most important sources of

animal protein.
▪ It is generally a palatable and high-quality feed ingredient
due to its content in essential amino acids, fatty acids,
vitamins, and minerals. In addition to its use in livestock, it
is in high demand from the pet food and aquaculture.
4-Permissible limits
▪ Poultry
PM can be used in poultry diets at
up to 7 to 10% without impairing
bird performance. Poultry by-
products can be extruded with
cereal grains, yielding an
ingredient with a higher protein
value than that of meat and bone
meal.
▪ Fish
Recommended inclusion levels of
poultry M for fish are in the 5-
25% range with a mean use of 5-
10%. Poultry meal has one of the
best overall amino acid profiles of
all the main by-products of the
processing of land animals.
4-Permissible limits
▪ Dairy cattle
PM can be used as a protein
supplement for dairy cows. Daily
amounts of 0.5 to 0.7 kg have been
recommended. Including up to 1
kg/day in a maize silage diet
increased milk yield and improved
milk composition. The use of poultry
meal in prepartum diets is also
possible and allows normal
reproductive performance and milk
production. It is also better to
include it in a total mixed ration
rather than adding it to the diet.
▪ Beef cattle and growing cattle
PM fully replaced soybean meal (on
a protein basis) in the diets of steers
without negative effects on
consumption or diet digestibility and
with similar or higher results for
daily gain and feed efficiency.
Adding it in the diets of finishing
steers increased metabolizable
protein supply better than urea
supplementation.
In Holstein calves, supplementation
with poultry meal at 10% resulted in
higher growth performance and
economic efficiency.
4-Permissible limits
▪ Rabbits
PM was included at up to 8% and
completely replaced fish meal in the
diets of broiler rabbits and angora
rabbits. up to 10% poultry meal was
included without impairing growth
performance. At an inclusion level of
18%, chicken offal reduced growth
compared to fish meal (27 vs. 30 g/d)
but the economic result (cost/kg
meat produced) was improved by
10%.
▪ Sheep
PM is useful and cheaper protein
substitute for soybean meal in
rations for growing lambs. It
improved daily gain without altering
feed conversion efficiency, and
decreased feed cost when added to
whole chopped sugarcane-based
diets. Including poultry meal up to
10% in high-concentrate rations
enhanced growth performances and
feed efficiency and increased energy
retention.
4-permissibe limits

▪ Pigs
In starter diets, 10% of poultry meal was used without a negative effect
on growth performance. For young pigs with a lower growth potential
(less than 350 g/d on average from 10 to 45 kg BW).
In a diet formulated from weaning to slaughter, up to 7.5% poultry meal
was used with no adverse effect on growth.
Chicken offal meal also replaced 33% of fish meal in pig diets without
depressing performance or carcass characteristics.
5-Environmental impact

Processing PM into feed is a good way to mitigate the environmental

problems caused by poultry processing.
If not properly managed; poultry offal released in the environment are
vectors for insects, vermin, bacteria, and viruses, which may result in
water contamination and air pollution.
Poultry by product meal

 Definition.
 Processing.
 Nutritive value
 Permissible limits.
 Environmental impact.
Economical point of view
6-Economic Value
Now we are not only replacing Pm with other feed grades, but also we
decrease importing fees and can export the extra quantities to other
countries.
I’ve chosen this field
Because???
It Is an Investor Opportunity
 Reasons for why we trust in this industry
*prices not accurate (private Data), it just to relate*.

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Manufacturer Exporter Proker Faciitator
Purchasing cost in $ / MT Export cost in $ /MT Commision Per shipment
Risk factors of export

▪ Low quality product

▪ Shipping dates
▪ LC restrictions
▪ Packaging
▪ False results
▪ Insects
▪ Rancidity
▪ Hardens of product
 To conclude:

Poultry meal is a good source for animal protein, we should depend more on what we
have to decrease our import expenses and to be directed to use our local material and
take most advantages of it, it is not only affordable but also have a high Nutritive,
Environmental and Economic Value.
Thanks for your attention…

Any Question?!

For more information:

Dr. Yousria Ahmed
01206454531
Yousria_ahmed_554@yahoo.com