We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.

3 Forces and energy

4 A plastic box with shiny silver aluminium foil on the inside can be
used to keep food hot.

shiny silver aluminium foil

plastic box

Explain how this works.

3.6 Cooling by evaporation

3.6A How evaporation works
Focus
In this exercise you think about what evaporation is and how it works.
1 Which of these describes evaporation?
Tick ( ) one box.
when a solid changes to a liquid

when a liquid changes to a gas

when a liquid changes to a solid

when a gas changes to a liquid

Original material
62 © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
 We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
3.6 Cooling by evaporation

2 Which particles cause evaporation?

Tick ( ) one box.
the particles with the most energy

the particles with the least energy

Explain your answer.

3 The boiling point of water is 100 °C.

Water can
evaporate at Water can only
temperatures evaporate at
much lower 100 °C
than 100 °C

Who is correct, Sofia or Zara?

Give an example to support your answer.

Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior
63to publication.
 We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
3 Forces and energy

3.6B Evaporation and cooling 1

Practice
In this exercise you think about how evaporation causes cooling.

1 Sweat is produced in the skin. Which of these explains how sweat

can cool (lower the temperature of   ) the skin.
Tick ( ) one box.
Sweat evaporates, removing thermal energy from skin.

Sweat evaporates, adding thermal energy to the skin.

Sweat is produced at a lower temperature than the skin.

Sweat is produced at a higher temperature than the skin.

2 A liquid is evaporating. The liquid is not being heated.

a Explain what happens to the average energy of the particles in
the liquid.

b Explain what happens to the temperature of the liquid.

3 Arun has sweat on his face. The air temperature is 25 °C. Arun
uses a fan to blow air onto his face. The fan does not change the
temperature of the air.
Explain why the fan helps Arun to cool (lose heat) faster.

Original material
64 © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
 We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
3.6 Cooling by evaporation

3.6C Evaporation and cooling 2

Challenge
In this exercise you think in more detail about how evaporation
causes cooling.

1 Perfume evaporates faster than water.

Sofia has perfume and water at the same temperature.
Sofia puts an equal volume of the perfume and the water separately
on her hand.
Explain which feels colder.

2 Humidity is a measure of the quantity of water vapour in air. In

conditions of high humidity, evaporation stops.
Explain why sweat will not cool (lower the temperature of) the skin
in conditions of high humidity.

Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior
65to publication.
 We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.
3 Forces and energy

3 A type of air cooler works by blowing air from the room through a
sponge soaked in water.
Explain how blowing air through a sponge soaked in water lowers
the temperature of the air.

Original material
66 © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.