Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Question Bank

Subject : Turbomachinary Class : BE (Mechanical)

Sr. Question Statement CO BL Marks

No.

1 A jet of water moving with V m/s strikes at the centre of a curved vane 1 2 6
which is moving with u m/s. If the outgoing jet makes an angle Ɵ with the
incoming jet, prove that
8 𝑉
1. Maximum efficiency, ƞmax= 27 (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠Ɵ) 2. Blade speed, u = 3

2 Sketch Pelton wheel bucket and explain the effect of its size, shape and 1 2 6
number on its function

3 Explain the functions of following 1.casing of Pelton wheel 2. Notch of 1 2 6

bucket 3. Governing mechanism

4 A Pelton wheel of 2.5 m diameter operates under the following conditions. 1 1 8

Net available head = 300 m, Jet diameter = 20 cm, Speed = 300 rpm,
Blade angle at outlet = 1650, Cv of the jet = 0.98, Blade friction coefficient
= 0.95, Mechanical efficiency = 95% Determine (i) The power developed
(ii) Specific speed (iii) Hydraulic efficiency.

5 A Pelton wheel is to be designed for the following specifications. 1 2 8

Power developed = 9650 kW, Head = 350 m, Speed = 750 rpm, Speed
ratio = 0.45, Jet diameter = not to exceed 1/6 th of the wheel diameter.
Overall efficiency = 85%,Determine the following. (i) The wheel diameter
(ii) Diameter of the jet (iii) No. of jets required. Take Cv = 0.985

6 The following data relates to a Pelton wheel. 1 2 8

Head at the base of nozzle = 82 m, Diameter of jet = 105 mm, Discharge
of the nozzle = 0.32 m3/sec., Shaft power = 210 kW, Power absorbed in
mechanical resistance = 5 kW. Determine (i) Power lost in the nozzle (ii)
Power lost due to hydraulic resistance.

7 Compare Francis and Kaplan Turbine 1 1 6

8 Explain the following terms. 1 2 6
i) Spcific speed (ii) Run away speed (iii) Degree of reaction

9 The external and internal diameters of an inward flow reaction turbine are 1 3 8
2m and 1m respectively. The head on the turbine is 60 m. the width of the
vane at inlet and outlet are same and equal to 0.25 m. The runner vanes
are radial at inlet and discharge is radial at outlet. The speed is 200 rpm
and the discharge is 6 m3/sec. Determine (i) The vane angle at outlet of
the runner and guide blade angle at inlet. (ii) The hydraulic efficiency.

10 A Kaplan turbine runner has outer diameter of 4.5 m and the diameter of 1 3 8
hub is 2 m. It is required to develop 20.6 MW when running at 150 rpm,
under a head of 21 m. Assuming hydraulic efficiency of 94% and overall
efficiency of 88% , determine the runner vane angle at inlet and exit at the
mean diameter of the vane.

11 Explain nozzle governing with sketch 2 2 4

Steam enters an impulse wheel having a nozzle angle of 20° at a velocity

of 450 m/s. The exit angle of moving blades is 20° and relative velocity of
steam may be assumed to remain constant over the moving blades. If the
blade speed is 180 m/s, determine:
12 2 3 8
1. blade angle at inlet,
2. work done/kg of steam,
3. power developed when the turbine is supplied with 1.8 kg/s of
steam
4. Diagram efficiency

What is compounding of steam turbine? Explain any one of the following

13 2 1 6
1. Velocity compounding 2. Pressure compounding

14 Show that for Parson’s Reaction turbine, the degree of reaction is 50% 2 2 4

In a single stage impulse turbine the mean diameter of the blade ring is lm
and the rotational speed is 3000 rpm. The steam issued from the nozzle at
300 m/sec and nozzle angle is 20°. The blades are equiangular. If the
15 2 3
friction loss in the blade channel is l9% of the kinetic energy corresponds 8
to relative velocity at the inlet to the blades. What is the power developed
in the blading when the axial thrust on the blades is 98 N. Solve the
problem graphically.
16 Explain in brief different losses in steam turbine. 2 2 4

Following data refer to the single row of impulse steam turbine mean
diameter of the blade ring = 1.1 m, Speed = 3000rpm, Nozzle angle = l7
deg., ratio of blade velocity to the steam velocity = 0.45, blade friction
17 factor = 0.82, Blade angle at exit is less by 3 deg to that at inlet, steam 2 3 8
mass flow rate = l0.2 kg/s. Draw a velocity diagram and find the
following (i) Blade angles at inlet and outlet (ii) Tangential force (iii)
Axial force (iv) Power developed.

18 Explain different types of impellers used for centrifugal pumps. 3 2 6

A Centrifugal pump having outer diameter equal to two times inner

diameter and running at 1200 rpm works against a total head of 75 m.
The velocity of flow through the impeller is constant and is equal to 3 m/s.
19 The vanes are set back at width at an angle of 300 at outlet. If the outer 3
3 6
diameter of the impeller is 600 mm and width at outlet is 50 mm.
Determine : 1) Vane angle at inlet 2) Work done per second by
impeller.3) Manometric efficiency

20 What do you mean by cavitation? Explain the phenomenon of cavitation 2 6

3
in centrifugal pump.

A Centrifugal pump running at 900 rpm is working against a head 20m.

The external diameter of the impeller is 460 mm and outlet width is 50
mm. If the vane angles at outlet is 400 and manometric efficiency is 70 %.
21 3 6
Determine the following 3
i) Flow velocity at outlet (ii) Absolute velocity of water leaving the vane
iii) Angle made by the absolute at outlet with the direction of motion at
outlet.( iv) Rate of flow through the pump.

22 2 4
Explain NPSH in centrifugal pump. 3

23 What is priming of centrifugal pump ? Why it is necessary? 3 1 4

 A centrifugal pump has effective areas of flow of 15 cm2 and 17.5 cm2 at
outlet and inlet respectively. Water enters the impeller radially with 5
m/sec. The vanes are set back at 250 to the tangent at outlet. The
24 peripheral velocities of vane tips at outlet and inlet are 30 m/sec and 15 3 8
3
m/sec respectively. The manometric efficiency is 80%. Neglecting
impeller losses determine (i) Percentage of outlet velocity head recovered
in the diffuser passage. (ii) Inlet angle of is diffuser vanes.

A centrifugal pump discharges water at the rate of 1.68 m3/min. The

suction lift is 4 m and diameter of suction pipe is 12 cm. Manometric
head is 25 m. The outlet angle of the vanes is 300 and the radial velocity
25 of flow at outlet is 3 m/sec. If the manometric efficiency of the pump is 3 3 8
75%. Neglecting impeller losses, find- (i) the peripheral velocity of
the impeller at outlet (ii) absolute pressure of water at inlet, if barometer
reads 10 m of water.

26 Explain various efficiencies of a centrifugal pump 3 2 6

27 Explain Construction and working of centrifugal compressor with neat 4 2 6

diagram

A centrifugal compressor delivers 16.5 kg/s of air with a total head 3 6

pressure ratio of 4:1. The speed of the compressor is 15000 rpm. Inlet
28 total head temperature is 20 C , slip factor 0.9, power input factor 4
1.04 and 80% isentropic efficiency. Calculate
(i) Overall diameter of impeller (ii) Power Input

29 Explain Construction and working of axial flow compressor with neat 4 2 6

diagram

A centrifugal compressor running at 9000 rpm delivers 600 m3/min of

30 free air. The air is compressed from 1 bar and 20 C to a pressure ratio 4
of 4 with isentropic efficiency of 82 %. Calculate 3 6
(i) Final temperature of air (ii) Theoretical power

31 Differentiate between centrifugal compressor and axial flow 4 1 4

compressor
 Air at a temperature of 300 K flows in a centrifugal compressor
running at 18000 rpm. The other data is given as follows.
(i) Isentropic total head efficiency = 0.76
32 4 3 8
(ii) The temperature rise of air passing through the compressor
(iii)The static pressure ratio
Assume that the absolute velocities of air at inlet and exit of
compressor are same. Take cp = 1.005 kJ/kg K.

33 Explain in detail surging and choking phenomenon in centrifugal 4 2 6

compressor

The impeller of the centrifugal compressor has the inlet and outlet
diameter of 0.3 and 0.6 m respectively. The intake is from the
34 atmosphere at 100 kPa and 300 K, without any whirl component. The 4 3 6
outlet blade speed is 10000 rpm and velocity of flow is constant at 120
m/s. If the blade width at inlet is 6 cm, calculate
(i) Specific work (ii) Exit pressure