REVIEW TEST 2: (Personal Identification)

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The core is placed upon or within the innermost

a. pattern area
b. meeting ridges forming an angle
c. ridges that run parallel
d. sufficient recurve

2. The delta may not be located in the middle of a ridge running between the type lines toward
the core. The location of the delta in this case depends entirely upon the point of origin of the
ridge running between the type lines toward the core. If the ridge enters the pattern area from a
point ABOVE the divergence of the type lines, the DELTA is located on

a. end nearer the core

b. nearer end
c. center of the ridge
d. at the centermost point of the divergence of the type lines

3. The double rows of peg-like formations that covered the dermis.

a. sebaceous layer
b. generating layer
c. subcutaneous layer
d. papillae

4. The elevated areas of friction skin

a. epidermis
b. dermis
c. ridges
d. furrows

5. The essential explanation for fingerprints having supplanted other methods of establishing the
identities of criminals reluctant to admit previous arrests.

a. Fingerprints offer an infallible means of identification.

b. Fingerprints are unique.
c. Fingerprints are permanent
d. Fingerprints cannot lie.

6. The extraordinary visual memories of police officers - camera eyes and photography were not
the answer to the criminal identification. This is because
a. Observation through personal appearance is subject to personal perception of the observer
b. Photographs may be ruined.
c. Officers may fail to refer to his memories or photographs on file.
d. Personal appearances change.

7. The forking or dividing of one line into two or more branches.

a. Divergence
b. Type Lines
c. Pattern Area
d. Bifurcation

8. The innermost layer of the epidermis where new cells are created.

a. sebaceous layer
b. generating layer
c. subcutaneous layer
d. papillae

9. The identical twins that put a doubt to Bertillon System of identification adopted in the U.S.
Penitentiary at Leavenworth, Kansas in 1903. Their Bertillon measurements were close enough
to identify them as the same person.

a. John and Johnson Howard

b. Will and William West
c. James and Jake Watson
d. Romeo and Romulo Vicar

10. The island formed in front of the diverging sides of the banks where the stream empties at
its mouth corresponds to the fingerprints, which is the first obstruction of any nature at the point
of divergence of the type lines in front of or nearest the center of the divergence.

a. core
b. delta
c. shoulder of the recurve
d. spike

11. The number of ridges intervening between the delta and the core.

a. converging ridges
b. intervening ridges
c. ridge trace
d. ridge count
12. The only part of the finger impression with which we are concerned in regard to
interpretation and classification. It is present in all patterns, of course, but in many arches and
tented arches it is impossible to define. It is that part of a loop or whorl in which appear the
cores, deltas, and ridges with which we are concerned in classifying.

a. Divergence
b. Type Lines
c. Pattern Area
d. Bifurcation

13. The outer layer of the skin.

a. epidermis.
b. dermis
c. ridges
d. furrows

14. The patterns to which numerical values are assigned in deriving the "primary" in the
extension of the Henry System of fingerprint classification used by the Federal Bureau of
Investigation are the whorl-type patterns, which occur in about 30 percent of all fingerprints. It is
that type of pattern in which at least two deltas are present with a recurve in front in each.

a. twinned loop
b. loop
c. arch
d. whorl

15. The points at which the recurving ridge definitely turns inward or curves.

a. points of divergence
b. shoulders
c. pattern area.
d. focal points

16. The ridge count of the loop in the right little (5) finger. If finger #5 is not a loop, use the left
little (10) finger. What is this classification?

a. primary
b. key
c. major
d. final
17. The ridge traced passes outside (below) the right delta, and three or more ridges intervene
between the tracing ridge and the right delta, the tracing is designated as an

a. meeting
b. converging
c. inner
d. outer

18. The ridge traced stops upon reaching

a. at the point farthest or on the extreme right delta

b. at the center or on the right delta.
c. at the point nearest or opposite the extreme right delta
d. at the point nearest or opposite the extreme left delta

19. The ridges enter on one side of the impression and flow or tend to flow out the other with a
rise or wave in the center.

a. plain whorl
b. plain arch
c. tented arch
d. loop-type arch

20. The science of fingerprint identification stands out among all other forensic sciences for
many reasons, including the following. EXCEPT

a. No two fingerprints have ever been found alike in many billions of human and automated
computer comparisons.
b. Fingerprint identification ranks second in DNA to identify murderers, rapists, and other
serious offenders
c. Remains the most commonly used forensic evidence worldwide in jurisdictions fingerprint
examination cases match or outnumber all other most forensic examination casework
combined.
d. Continues to expand as the premier method for identifying persons, with tens of thousands of
persons added to fingerprint repositories daily in America alone far outdistancing similar
databases in growth.

21. The spreading apart of two lines which have been running parallel or nearly parallel.

a. Divergence
b. Pattern Area
c. Type Lines
d. Bifurcation
22. The total possible primary classifications from 1 over 1 to 32 over 32.

a. 2,024
b. 1,500
c. 1,024
d. 3,000

23. The type approaching the loop type, possessing two of the basic or essential characteristics
of the loop, but lacking the third.

a. arch possessing an up thrust

b. loop-type arch
c. plain
d. arch possessing an angle

24. The type in which one or more ridges at the center form an upthrust.

a. arch possessing an upthrust

b. loop-type arch
c. plain
d. arch possessing an angle

25. When the innermost sufficient recurve contains an uneven number of rods rising as high as
the shoulders, the core is placed upon

a. shoulder of the loop nearer from the delta

b. end of the center rod
c. shoulder of the loop farther from the delta
d. end of the farther one of the two center rods:

26. The type tented arch in which ridges at the center form a definite angle; i.e., 90° or less.

a. arch
b. plain
c. loop-type arch
d. arch possessing an angle

27. This constitutes about 65% of all prints.

a. arch possessing an upthrust

b. whorl
c. loop
d. twinned loop
28. Those which flow in the direction of the radius bone are called

a. radial loop
b. central pocket loop
c. double loop
d. ulnar loop

29. Thumb prints were found on clay seals.

a. Ancient Babylon
b. 14th Century Persia
c. Ancient China
d. Nova Scotia

30. The delta may not be located in the middle of a ridge running between the type lines toward
the core. The location of the delta in this case depends entirely upon the point of origin of the
ridge running between the type lines toward the core. If the ridge enters the pattern area from a
point BELOW the divergence of the type lines, the DELTA is located on

a. at the centermost point of the divergence of the type lines

b. center of the ridge
c. end nearer the core
d. nearer end

31. Two separate loop formations, with two separate and distinct sets of shoulders, and two
deltas.

a. plain whorl
b. central pocket loop
c. double loop
d. accidental

32. Type lines are not always two continuous ridges. In fact, they are more often found to be
broken. When there is a definite break in a type line, the ridge immediately of it is considered as
its continuation.

a. upside
b. inside
c. outside
d. forward

33. Used in classifying loops and whorls and are enclosed within their pattern areas. They are
otherwise termed as core and delta.
a. angles
b. focal points
c. pattern arcas
d. appendages

34. Various official government papers had fingerprints (impressions), government official, a
doctor, observed that no two fingerprints were exactly and one alike.

a. Ancient Babylon
b. Ancient China
c. 14th Century Persia
d. Nova Scotia.

35. What is the primary classification in the following data. RIGHT HAND: 1 - W, 2 =W, 3

=\, 4 =W, 5=\: LEFT HAND: 6= W, 7-W, 8-7,9-1, 10-/

a. 19/29
b. 20/30
c. 21/31
d. 29/19

36. When may whorl be ridge counted instead of ridge traced?

a. final
b. major
c. primary
d. key

37. When the core is located on a spike which touches the inside of the innermost recurving
ridge, the recurve is included in the ridge count only

a. when the delta is located above a line drawn at right angles to the spike
b. when the delta is found in the center of a line drawn at right angles to the spike
c. when the delta is located below a line drawn at right angles to the spike,
d. when the delta is found inside the pattern area

38. When the innermost sufficient recurve contains no ending ridge or rod rising as high as the
shoulders of the loop, the core is placed on the

a. shoulder of the loop farther from the delta

b. shoulder of the loop nearer from the delta
c. end of the center rod
d. end of the farther one of the two center rods.
39. When there are two or more possible deltas which conform to the definition,

a. one nearest to the core

b. one farthest to the core
c. one centermost to the point of divergence of type lines
d. one centermost to the pattern area.

40. When there is a choice between a bifurcation and another type of delta, which would

a. point of the first recurving ridge

b. meeting of two ridges be considered as the delta?
c. fragments
d. bifurcation