Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Elen Priscila de Souza Lobato Ana Carolina Dias Barreto de Souza Larissa Paredes Muse
Federal University of Pará Federal University of Pará Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Center of Excellence Center in Energy Center of Excellence Center in Energy IEEE Smart Cities Community
Efficiency of Amazon Efficiency of Amazon Atlanta, USA
Belém, Brazil Belém, Brazil larissaparedes@poli.ufrj.br
elen.lobato@itec.ufpa.br ana.souza@itec.ufpa.br
Abstract—In recent years, some research and development quality of life of the inhabitants of these cities [2]. This is
(R&D) companies in the energy area have been developed because Urban Computing applies information and
by the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) within the University communication technologies to make cities smarter [3].
City Campus Professor José Silveira Netto. These projects have Thus, when cities seek to solve their problems, using
included elements of a Smart City on the Campus. However, technologies, they can become more "intelligent", then
there is still no survey to identify which indicators of a smart city inserting themselves in the concept of Intelligent Cities.
are already present on the Campus and how smart it is. Intelligent Cities, as well as Urban Computing, have as one
Therefore, this article will present the application of the of their main objectives to improve the services offered and
Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR ISO 37122: 2020 of Smart Cities the quality of life of its inhabitants [3].
Indicators at the UFPA Headquarters Campus, with the Through this, numerous applications and technologies
objective of verifying which Smart City indicators are already have emerged to solve urban problems. Most of these
present on the Campus due to the development of an electric applications and technologies are born in research centers and
mobility R&D. In addition to being the first time this standard universities through R&D projects.
has been applied on Campus, this work is also the first to carry All these requirements make university cities the ideal
out such a survey. As a result, a checklist was generated, where
setting for this initial phase. Thus, the concept of Smart
it was possible to count 4 categories and 17 indicators present
within the Campus. Thus, demonstrating that UFPA is starting
Campus is included in the academic sphere, which as well as
its process of insertion in the concept of Smart Cities. smart cities aim to improve the quality of life of their
population.[4]
Keywords—electric mobility, multimodal, smart Campus, Within this context, the objective of this article is to verify
smart cities. which indicators of a Smart City are already present in the
UFPA's home Campus, using NBR ISO 37122:2020 [5] as
I. INTRODUCTION the basis. Thus, the main motivation for the development of
this article is to be able to diagnose how "smart" the
Cities have faced numerous urban problems caused by the university is, because of the development of an electric
increase in population, such as: increased pollution, increased mobility R & D.
energy consumption, urban mobility, health, education, This is the first time that the NBR standard THIS
among others [1]. In this scenario, urban computing then 37122:2020 is applied on Campus. In addition, it is also the
emerges, which is a tool capable of applying computational first time that a survey of the indicators of an intelligent city
solutions to alleviate these problems and thus improve the present on the UFPA Campus is carried out. As a result, a
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checklist will be presented saying which Indicators of NBR
ISO 37122:2020 are present "yes" or "no" on Campus.
With this, this article is structured as follows: in section II
some related work will be described; section III describes the
methodology used in this article; in section IV will be
presented to NBR ISO 37122, section V will be briefly
addressed on Smart Cities; the R&D project of electric
mobility will be described in section VI; section VII contains
the case study of the UFPA Campus, together with the
application of the standard; the checklist with the results will
be presented in section VIII; and finally, section IX will bring
the authors ‘conclusions.
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B. Examples of Smart Cities in Brazil As the project has been in place for more than 1 year,
In Brazil and in the world, there are already several well- some modals and systems provided for in the project are
developed and/or developing smart cities, with significant already present on Campus, such as electric buses and
improvements for intra-urban space and citizens. In 2020, the charging stations. In Figure 2 and Figure 3 you can see the
three smartest cities in Brazil, according to the Connected two models of the electric buses purchased.
Smart Cities Ranking, were: São Paulo, Florianópolis and
Curitiba [14]. This ranking consists of 11 thematic axes, such
as mobility, urbanism, technology, and innovation, and has
70 indicators.
Also, in 2020 was launched the first Competitiveness
Ranking of Municipalities, which highlights the importance
of fostering competitiveness among cities [15]. This is more
related to the economic dimension of Smart Cities. In the
latter [15], the most competitive municipalities are: Barueri
(SP), São Caetano do Sul (SP), (São Paulo (SP), Florianópolis Figure 2. Electric bus model highway.
(SC) and Curitiba (PR). And the 5 worst municipalities are
all in the state of Pará, they are: Marituba (PA). Tucuruí (PA).
Abaetetuba (PA). Thailand (PA) and Moju (PA).
C. Examples of Smart Campus in Brasill
Still within this "smart" context, university cities can be
the ideal scenario to start the insertion of cities in this
scenario, through smart Campuses. Smart Campuses can be
considered "living laboratories" that seek to solve real
problems by connecting the academic community, market,
and society, through projects that make cities more humane,
intelligent, and sustainable [16]. Figure 3. Electric bus model urban.
Because University Cities are inserted - most of the time
- within a city, they closely resemble real cities, even if on a The road model (Figure 3) will circulate within the
small scale. Thus, having the same climatic conditions, Guamá Campus, and the urban model (Figure 2) will travel
vegetation, culture and population dynamics, urban approximately 78.5 km between the Guamá Campus (located
infrastructure, among other aspects. in Belém) and the Castanhal Campus (located in the city of
For example, some universities that act in this sense, in Castanhal). This path can be viewed in Figure 4.
the Brazilian scenario, there are: the Smart Campus of the
University of Campinas, in the State of São Paulo; the Smart
Campus of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, in
Rio Grande do Norte and the Smart Campus Federal
University of Campina Grande, in Paraíba [17] and Smart
Campus Facens, in the city of Sorocaba, also in the state of
São Paulo [16].
VI. ELECTRIC MOBILITY RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT
Coming from the public so-called Strategic R&D Project
Solution in Efficient Electric Mobility No. 22/2018 of the Figure 4. First green corridor in the Amazon.
National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) of Brazil, this In addition to the buses, the entire supply infrastructure,
project was approved in 2019 by Norte Energia, started in composed of the five electric vehicle charging stations, and
2020 and currently (2021) is in the installation and testing four stations are already installed on the Guamá Campus and
phase of the systems, expected to be completed in 2022. one at the Campus of the city of Castanhal, thus forming the
Officially named "Intelligent Multimodal Electric first "Green Corridor of the Amazon" (Figure 4).
Mobility Management System", the project is best known as
the "Amazon Multimodal Intelligent System" (SIMA).
Sima's goal is to develop a Multimodal Intelligent System
in the Amazon, with electric bus and electric boat modals. In
addition to these two modals, the project has a large
infrastructure composed of other systems, they are:
● Photovoltaic Systems.
● Storage of electricity (batteries);
● Charging Station;
● Wireless communication network;
● Cloud data storage and processing;
● Weather station;
● Smart meters;
● Multimodal mobility applications;
● Management systems.
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Figure 8. Energy storage system.
Figure 7. Photovoltaic System of Mirante do Rio building. Figure 9. Electricity Sector Innovation Network (RISE).
Also make up the project an energy storage system with All the infrastructure described above is being deployed
batteries (Figure 8). within the Guamá Campus, making it a "living laboratory"
and serve as a model for other cities that have similar
characteristics. This living laboratory that is being created
can be studied, analyzed, and monitored. Thus, enabling
results, such as: patent applications, software registrations,
production of articles, Course Completion Papers, master's
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theses, doctoral dissertations, and advancement of research in a) Percentage of electricity consumed in the city
relation to the themes that are part of the scope of the project. produced through decentralized energy generation systems
Therefore, the SIMA project is bringing innovation and (Item 7.4);
contributing to the advancement of electric mobility, not only b) Storage capacity of the energy network, in relation
for UFPA, but for all those involved in the project. to the total energy consumption of the city (Item 7.5);
VII. CASE STUDY: UNIVERSITY CITY OF UFPA c) Number of electric vehicle charging stations per
registered electric vehicle (Item 7.10).
A. Description of the University City of the Federal
University of Pará Item 7.4 is in the operating phase, because photovoltaic
The UFPA Campus is officially named Professor José da systems have already been purchased and installed on
Silveira Netto University City but is better known as "Campus Campus. Thus, as the electric power storage system with its
do Guamá". The Campus is located in the city of Belém, in the batteries, causing item 7.5 to be serviced.
state of Pará, Amazon region in northern Brazil. With a In relation to item 7.10, the entire supply infrastructure
waterfront bathed by the Guamá River, the university has the composed of the 5 charging stations is already commissioned
characteristics, dimensions, and infrastructure of a mini and in the testing phase. It is important to highlight that items
coastal city, as shown Figure 10. 7.7, 7.8 and 7.9 are being attended, but were developed on the
initiative of the university's own administration and through
the development of other R&D projects.
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e) City area mapped by interactive street maps in real IX. CONCLUSION
time as a percentage of the total area of the city (Item 4.10); Therefore, SIMA has provided the insertion of important
f) Area of the city mapped by interactive real-time smart elements within the university and the application of
public road mapping systems, as a percentage of the total Standard 37122 has made it possible to identify what these
area of the city (Item 4.11); elements are, through its indicators, as well as to point out
g) Percentage of public transport lines with Internet which indicators still need to be improved and have the
connectivity for users, offered and/or managed by the potential to be explored. In addition, the presence of these
municipality (Item 4.13); indicators on the Campus, not planning and monitoring R&D,
thus providing better project management.
h) Percentage of the city's bus fleet powered by clean Although the project is still in the phase of acquisition and
systems (Item 4.15). installation of the systems, the results obtained so far related
to the infrastructure are already quite significant for the
institution. These results will be even greater with the end of
Items 19.1, 19.5, 19.10 and 19.11 are being contemplated the project, as it is expected to obtain gains in energy,
because of the development of mobility applications. These financial, academic production, among others.
geolocation-based multimodal mobility applications have as As the NBR 37122:2020 standard is relatively new this
main precursors, the Google Maps, Waze and Moovit article describes the first time this standard has been
applications, which are already used within Campus and applied on Campus. In addition, as it is an identical copy
corroborate for the fulfillment of items 19.1, 19.5, 19.10 and of ISO 37122 - which is one of the main international
19.11. standards of Smart Cities - the survey of indicators
The acquisition of the two electric buses, together with carried out consequently followed international standards.
the creation of the catamaran boat, enabled the service of Itis also noteworthy that this is the first time that a work
items 19.2 and 19.3. In addition, it also meets item 19.13 like this has been carried out on Campus making it possible
since the modals will have Wifi signal with access initially to identify and list which indicators are already present
available to users of the aforementioned applications. Item on Campus.
19.2 is also contemplated by the service of Uber, a pioneering Soon, UFPA is starting its insertion in this Smart context
and revolutionary company in the segment of transportation and the development of Sima R & D, is collaborating so that
sharing. UFPA is at the forefront of Smart Campus and Smart City,
Item 19.15, which provides for fleet powered by clean both in the North region, as well as in the Amazon Region.
systems, is met because the energy that will be generated by
photovoltaic systems (a source of clean energy), will be X. FUTURE WORK
stored, and will serve to supply the electric buses. The electric UFPA has other projects within this Smart theme focused
boat will have a photovoltaic system installed on the vessel's on other verticals (such as energy management,
roof and the energy generated will be for its own security/cameras, sustainability, waste management, among
consumption. others). Thus, for future studies, it is intended to make a
VIII. RESULTS broader investigation of these other projects, so that the
presence of more indicators is verified.
Because it is a public federal university, some items were
marked do not apply in our scenario, such as items 4.6, 4.7
and 4.9, because it is not allowed to charge bus tickets and
parking spaces within the university.
Thus, it was recorded that 4 of the 19 indicators contained
in the standard are already present in the UFPA's Campus.
Therefore, considering only the indicators, it has a little more
than 21% of its smart Campus, thus not reaching the
minimum value of 50% of the indicators that should be
reported, according to the standard.
Considering the 30 indicators listed in Table 1, 17 are
already present on Campus, which corresponds to a total of
57%. Graph 1 can view the results described.
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TABLE 1. CHECKLIST OF INDICATORS OF ABNT NBR ISO 37122 APPLIED AT THE UFPA CAMPUS.
Does not
Indicator Category Yes No
apply
7.1. Percentage of electrical and thermal energy produced from the treatment of
wastewater, solid waste, and other processes of treatment of liquid waste and other
✔
waste heat resources, with a portion of the total energy mix of the city for a given
year;
7.2. Electrical and thermal energy (GJ) produced from the treatment of wastewater
✔
per capita per year;
7.3. Electrical and thermal energy (GJ) produced from solid waste or other liquid
✔
waste treatment processes per capita per year;
7.4. Percentage of electricity consumed in the city produced through decentralized
✔
energy generation systems;
7. Energy 7.5. Energy network storage capacity in relation to the city's total energy
✔
consumption;
7.10. Number of electric vehicles charging stations per registered electric vehicle; ✔
8.1. Percentage of buildings built or renovated in the last five years in accordance
✔
with the principles of green construction;
8. Environment and climate change 8.2. Number of remote air quality monitoring stations in real time per square ✔
kilometer (km2);
8.3. Percentage of public buildings equipped for indoor air quality monitoring; ✔
18.1. Percentage of the city's population with sufficiently fast broadband access; ✔
18.2. Percentage of the city area under a white zone / neutral / not covered by
18. Telecommunications telecommunications connectivity;
✔
18.3. Percentage of the city area covered by Internet connectivity provided by the
✔
municipality;
19.1. Percentage of streets and public roads covered by real-time online traffic alerts
✔
and information;
19.2. Number of users of transport systems based on shared economy per 100,000
✔
inhabitants;
19.3. Percentage of vehicles registered in the city that are low emission vehicles; ✔
19.4. Number of bicycles available through municipal bike-sharing services per
✔
100,000 inhabitants;
19.5. Percentage of public transport lines equipped with a system accessible to the
✔
public in real time;
19.6. Percentage of city public transport services covered by a unified payment
✔
system;
19.7. Percentage of public parking spaces equipped with electronic payment
✔
19. Transport systems;
19.8. Percentage of public parking spaces equipped with real-time availability
✔
systems;
19.11. Percentage of vehicles registered in the city that are autonomous vehicles; ✔
19.12. Percentage of public transport lines with Internet connectivity for users,
✔
offered and/or managed by the municipality;
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[16] I. Negreiros, A.C.C. Francisco, F. H. Fengler, G. Faria, L. G. P.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT Pinto, M. Tolotto, R.B. Rogoschewski, R. R. Romano and R. S.
Netto, "Smart Campus® as a living lab on sustainability indicators
The authors of the article thank the support of the monitoring," in 2020 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference
Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education (ISC2),Piscataway, NJ, USA, 2020.
Personnel - Brazil (CAPES); and Norte Energia S.A. for the [17] L. K. R. Bandeira, A. H. T. Casimiro and E. S. d. Lima, "SMART
accomplishment of this work, within the scope of the CAMPUS AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
ANEEL R&D project 07427-0319/2019 entitled APPLICABILITY AT THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF
"Intelligent System of Efficient Management of CAMPINA GRANDE," Perspectives In Management &
Multimodal Electric Mobility", carried out through the Knowledge, vol. 10, no. Especial, pp. 23-27, 2020.
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Immich, W. Junior, F. Cunha, D. Guidoni, T. Silva, D. Rosario, E.
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