NEBOSH

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IG1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety

Open Book Examination

ANSWER TEMPLATE

Available for 24 hours

Learner name Atiqa Asif

NEBOSH learner 00720265
number
Learning Partner name 998-SGS Pakistan Pvt Ltd

Please note: if you decide not to use this template, you will need to include the same
information on your submission, including the following:
 your unit code (eg IG1);
 the examination date;
 your name;
 your NEBOSH learner number;
 your Learning Partner’s name;
 page numbers for all pages;
 question numbers next to each of your responses.

You do not need to copy out the questions.

Please save your completed answer document with your surname,

your first name, your NEBOSH learner number, and your Learning
Partner’s name.
For example, a learner called Dominic Towlson with the learner number
12345678, who has taken their course with a Learning Partner called
GMMTA International will name their submission:
Towlson Dominic, 12345678, GMMTA International

Answer sheet IG1-0029-ENG-OBE-V1 Sept23 © NEBOSH 2023

Task 1: Understanding moral management of health and safety in the
workplace

Question 1
Unacceptable aspects about the moral management of health and safety in the
warehouse may refer to attitude at the workplace, behaviour and conditions which leads
to violation of ethical principles and keep the workers at risk. Following are the points
which could be considered unacceptable in the moral management of health and safety.
1. As per scenario, no proper induction training has been provided to new employee.
Outdated and irrelevant videos content have been shown without any supervision.
2. They did not hire any qualified health and safety officer for years which shows that
they were not interested to keep maintain safety standards.
3. No painted traffic lines have been mentioned and maintained which separate
pedestrian and FLT routes. Absence of painted traffic line may lead to high risk of
accidents due to unclear traffic paths.
4. In the scenario, there was an overloading of racking closest to loading bay which is
driven by workers’ time saving method and it is concerning issue for both safety
and ethical perspective. When racks are overloaded, they become unstable and
risk of collapsing increases which may lead to injury to the workers.
5. In the scenario, WM has given a verbal warning to FLT driver for causing delays.
Giving a verbal warning without knowing root cause of the delays is an ineffective
approach to warehouse management because it does not highlight the underlying
issues and lower morale of the workers and lead to ongoing inefficiencies.
6. In the scenario, WM blaming FLT driver for the entire accident.it is unfair to blame
one individual without considering root cause issues. Blaming only FLT driver
focusing only on the actions of FLT driver may not take into account the other
factors which may include adequate training, operations, and equipment
maintenance.
7. There was the absence of clearly defined reception area and first aid facilities
although it was mentioned in the safety video which shows disregard for safety
infrastructure.
8. The workers were raising their safety concerns about time pressure and safety
problems, but they were ignored by the management which shows their negative
safety culture.
9. WM showed lack of empathy and compassion about the injured FLT driver’s
absence from the meeting by delivering insensible comment about him.
10. WM argued that the meeting is just an excuse to avoid work and ignore their
safety concerns and showed his resistance towards worker demanding
improvements.
11. Work speed and efficiency is prioritized over safety in the warehouse because
workers are encouraged to use time saving methods even though they are unsure
if it will cause overloading of racks.
12. FLT driver who was involved in the accident was not given a time off to attend
training which indicates that the workers were over pressured and over stressed
without proper training.
13. One of the supervisors has denied to take time off for safety Qualification
NEBOSH which shows failure to prioritize safety qualification and indicates lack of
commitment towards safety standards.
14. There was a lack of communication between management and workers due to
which safety concerns of the workers has been ignored and denied which
ultimately shows a negative safety culture.
15. There was a lack of accountability for safety incidents which refers to the situation
where individual fails to take responsibility for incidents, accidents, safety
protocols in the warehouse.

Answer sheet IG1-0029-ENG-OBE-V1 Sept23 © NEBOSH 2023

 16. FLT driver speeding and panicking when confront with pedestrian can contribute
to various factors which includes inadequate training, lack of awareness, pressure
to meet deadlines, lack of communication.
17. Failure to report incident reporting, near miss reporting leads to more accidents in
future and effect reputation and lower workers moral.

Task 2: Determining what is effective about induction training

Question 2
Following are the effective points about induction training at the warehouse.
1. This was much effective that the supervisor gave a quick tour of the building which
is most Important for the new starter.
2. The supervisor also confirmed to know to the new worker regarding the location of
fire exist to the new starter, which is crucial in case of emergency.
3. The induction training was given to the new worker through practical videos on
television. Which ensure better understanding of the new worker.
4. The most important issues like fire safety. Manual handling and emergency
procedures were discussed on the videos which was relevant to the warehouse
tasks and environment.
5. The location of the first aid box has been shown in the videos. Which is necessary
for a new worker to know in induction training.
6. The accidents and near misses reporting procedures understand by the video to
new worker and also whom to report.
7. The health and safety policy and safety procedures are also shown in the videos
which is also an effective point of the induction training because every new worker
should know about it.
8. The supervisor also told, shown and give the relevant and necessary personal
protective equipment like safety visibility jackets, hardhats and gloves which is
also an effective factor of the induction training.

Task 3: Demonstrating management commitment

Question 3
As per scenario, WM has shown and demonstrated an ineffective commitment to health
and safety. Here are some actions and behaviours enlisted that shows lack of effective
commitment towards health & safety throughout the scenario.
1. WM was not present at the time of employees’ induction training. Absence of WM
during induction training shows lack of top management involvement &
accountability for safety practices at the workplace.
2. WM did not ensure that the new employees received a comprehensive training
program which should be up to date with current safety protocols, principles, rules
and regulations instead they relied on and showed outdated safety videos.
Outdated videos may pose additional risks as hazards, risks and safety protocols
change over time and with respect to operations.
3. WM allowed to deteriorate the floor marking which separate pedestrians and FLT
routes. Deteriorated floor marking leads to increase in near miss incidents,
increase in high risk of accidents due to collision of vehicles and tripping hazards.
4. WM has ignored safety concerns raised by workers regarding time pressure and
safety issues.by ignoring safety concerns, workers may feel compelled to take
high risk to meet deadlines.
5. WM has showed lack of empathy due to insensitive comment about the FLT
driver for having absence from the meeting which shows lack of compassion and

Answer sheet IG1-0029-ENG-OBE-V1 Sept23 © NEBOSH 2023

 understanding with workers.
6. WM has directly blamed FLT driver for the accident without knowing the root
cause of the accident which shows unfair blame rather than commitment to
prevent accidents.
7. One of the supervisors was willing to take NEBOSH qualification but he had been
refused to take off to study for so many times. This indicates a failure to prioritize
safety qualifications & lack of commitment towards safety and employee
development.
8. WM did not take any proactive step to hire a fully dedicated professional health
and safety officer for years to look into safety concerns, protocols, procedures,
rules and regulations and to deal with them.
9. WM has resisted work demanding meetings and improvements and to know
about their safety concerns in which workers put their safety concerns and
important for workers’ participation and consultation.it indicates a reluctance
towards safety concerns.
10. WM has showed lack of empathy towards injured worker for not bother to attend
meeting. Blaming injured worker can lower their morale and create a hostile work
environment.
11. WM mostly resides in his office and there was a lack of communication between
the workers and WM. He only appears when he angry on workers. This the
significant issue which shows a negative safety culture.
12. There is a lack of follow up on training. WM did not take any follow up after the
initial induction to ensure that they are well equipped and received proper training
to address safety concerns or questions.
13. WM was not present at the time of critical safety moments which includes
induction and accidents aftermath which shows their lack of commitment and
involvement towards health and safety.
14. Overloading racking closest to the loading bay may demonstrate the lack of
commitment towards health and safety because overloading may lead structure
failure and may cause injury to workers.
15. There was no accountability to address safety incidents Which shows the lack of
safety procedures and have negative safety culture.
16. WM has prioritized efficiency over safety such as cancelling the maintenance
work which shows that they do not bother about safety and lack of commitment
towards health and safety of the workers.
17. WM has showed resistance to hire a health and safety consultant until he is
compelled by the workers to do so. When workers demand a health and safety
consultant then it shows that they have safety concerns.

Task 4: Actions to fulfil health and safety management roles and

responsibilities

Question 4
WM can take various actions to fulfil roles and responsibilities more effectively which are
enlisted as below:
1. WM should prefer to hire dedicated health and safety officer who can address
safety issues or concerns, conduct risk assessment and implement safety
protocols and procedures.
2. He must ensure that all the new employees receive comprehensive and hands on
safety training which should cover all the aspects of the job.
3. Regular safety inspections should be carried out to identify the hazards, asses the

Answer sheet IG1-0029-ENG-OBE-V1 Sept23 © NEBOSH 2023

 risk, assess the safety compliance.
4. It is needed to ensure that all the employees are fully equipped, trained, and
qualified to operate machinery and equipment.
5. It is important to make sure that all the machinery and equipment are inspected
regularly to work effectively and efficiently.
6. It is to make sure that all the employees are well aware of first aid box location
and fire exit in case of any emergency.
7. Make sure an effective communication with workers to encourage them to report
hazards, near miss and accidents to enhance positive safety culture.
8. There must create a positive safety culture so that workers do not hesitate to
report any accident and they must be properly addressed about hazards they may
encounter at the workplace.
9. Safety qualification must be prioritized to support employees in obtaining safety
education i.e., NEBOSH by giving them time off for study so that they can get
proper degree and enhance their skills with respect to health and safety.
10. Safety policies and procedures should be reviewed and updated regularly so that
new safety issues, hazards are highlighted and tried to cope up and to address
safety concerns and implement control measures effectively.
11. Safety should be prioritized over efficiency. WM should lead by example to
prioritize safety to promote positive safety culture within the organization.it will
show that the management is committed to health and safety of the workers.
12. Worker participation is very important and their safety concerns must be listened
and acknowledged and appropriate actions should be taken to address them.
13. Regular safety meetings should be conducted to discuss and address safety
issues, to take safety initiatives, to review incident reports, conduct safety drills
and to provide solutions to any safety issues/problems to tackle them.
14. Workers should be provided financial support and compensation in case of any
injury. It is not only legal requirement but also ethical and moral responsibility.it
shows that the organization is committed to their employees’ well-being and a
positive safety culture at the workplace.
15. A safety management system should be implemented properly to track and
monitor safety performance in the warehouse.it helps to prevent accidents,
comply with safety regulations, reducing cost and overall enhancing and promote
safety culture in the warehouse.
16. Adequate resources should be provided to the workers to maintain a safe work
environment and to maintain long term sustainability. Adequate resources help to
carry out risk assessment effectively, helps to conduct safety training programs.
17. It is very important to engage people and communicate with people so that they
can freely address the issues, talk about conflicts and to build trust and foster
collaboration of safety culture.

Task 5: Determining the contribution of organisational and individual human

factors

Question 5 (a)
Organizational factors that could have contributed to the accidents are:
1. Lack of resources: As shown in the scenario there were lack of enough resources
being provided by the warehouse like Safety officer to watch and manage the
safety issues.
2. Inadequate layout of the warehouse: there was poor warehouse layout, no traffic or
pedestrian routes were available, which allowed workers and operator of FLT to
choose their own way.

Answer sheet IG1-0029-ENG-OBE-V1 Sept23 © NEBOSH 2023

 3. Blame culture: there was strong blame culture within the warehouse, as shown in
the scenario, workers cannot report any unsafe condition or incident to the
management because they don’t want to be blamed for.
4. Negative health and safety culture: there was negative health and safety culture
within the warehouse, high rates of worker’s complaints and ignoring the workers
values and participation were observed.
5. Lack of management commitment: management prioritize the business over the
health and safety of their staff. That’s why no clear health and safety policy
declared ad implemented.
6. Lack of communication: The WM preferred to stay in his office rather that engaging
with their workers to listen them to resolve their concerns It caused accident to
happen.
7. Lack of training programs: There was inadequate training for warehouse workers
and FLT drivers. Only outdated videos were present. FLT drivers has no safety
training and certificate of working.
8. Lack of supervision: there were no supervisor available to monitor the poor work-
related behaviour of the staff, this also contributed in the accident.
9. Negligence of the management: FLT driver was allowed to work without completing
his FLT training and also no repainting carried out of the traffic routes. There were
no safety protocols observed for such situation. This caused accident to occur.
10. High Work demands: as it can be shown in the scenario that the FLT driver was
stressed due to which his perception of risk distorted and caused accident.
11. Lack of proper coordination: As the works demanded to be provided time off for
attending safety and course [NEBOSH] but they didn’t provide time off to attend
such courses which obviously could help the organization in promoting health and
safety at warehouse.

Question 5 (b)
Following are the individual factors that could contributed to the incident in the
warehouse:
1. Lack of awareness of safety procedures: The newly hired worker did not aware
about the safety procedures and warehouse map where all safety zones and
routes are mentioned. This could have contributed to the accident.
2. Lack of skills: The FLT driver panic when saw a new worker and suddenly tried to
change the direction of vehicle but anxiety and stress led him to out of control the
forklift truck.
3. Lack of enough knowledge: The newly hired worker did not know how to react the
sudden situation created by the FLT driver because he only watched training
videos due to lack of hands-on trainings. That’s caused him to poor respond in
such situations.
4. Lack of necessary training: The FLT driver did not complete his training; he has
become overconfidence to control his vehicle. He may assume that he could
handle it safely, but he failed and met by an accident.
5. Lack of hazard awareness: The new employee and FLT driver were unaware of
hazards in the workplace. Because they did not receive any training related to
hazards and risks in the warehouse.
6. Poor perception of risk due to workload: FLT driver was fatigued due to workload
by WM as he always kept the warehouse ahead of scheduled. It may lead FLT
driver not to respond well to such situation.
7. Inability to cope with stressful situation: The FLT driver may be under stress due to
verbal warning by the WM for causing delays. So, he distracted from his task of
operating truck and accident happened.
8. Poor attitude towards PPEs: They were failed to wear a provided Personal
protective equipment’s (PPE’s) like high visibility jackets and hard hats at
workplace. It has contributed the incident to happen.
9. Unsafe behaviour of the FLT driver: as shown in the scenario the driver of the FLT
was trying to recover the tilting FLT which was too heavy to handle alone and

Answer sheet IG1-0029-ENG-OBE-V1 Sept23 © NEBOSH 2023

 injured the driver.
10. Lack of past work experience: the FLT driver doesn’t have any past relevant job
work experience which also shows insufficient skills, this might contribute in the
accident.
11. Lack of required skills: FLT driver have Insufficient skills regarding material
shifting and handling, this also negatively influenced the behaviours of FLT driver
and contributed in the accident.

Task 6: Understanding how previous accident investigation prevents future

accidents

Question 6
An investigation of the previous accident could have played an important role in
preventing this accident which involves FLT driver and new employee. A few points
have been enlisted below to show how previous accidents could help to prevent this
accident.
1. An investigation of previous accidents helped to identify underlying root causes of
those accidents.it is the proactive approach to prevent future accidents and helps
to maintain a safe work environment.
2. Investigating previous accidents help to improve safety protocols, procedures
because in that way warehouse management try to point out and identify the gaps
in the safety procedures and protocols which ultimately helps to revise and
improve safety measure to avoid any future accidents.
3. The investigation of previous accidents will help to identify the failed control
measures so that the gaps are analyzed, and improvements could be made.
4. The investigation of previous accidents will boost the workers moral and may also
create positive health and safety culture which could have obviously help in the
prevention of the recent accidents by making the workers and management
thinking about the safety.
5. The timely investigation of the previous accidents will obviously promote safety
ownership and will help to reinforce worker’s self-esteem which will obviously
improve the health and safety arrangement in the organization.
6. Previous accidents investigation will help the organization to identify the need of
training programmes for the workers and management, this will obviously prevent
future accidents if training programmes are initiated.
7. Investigation of the previous accidents will also help to improve the design and
layout of the warehouse. As currently there was miss management of the
warehouse’s layout.
8. Proper investigation of the previous accidents could enable the organization to
gather necessary information that otherwise may not be discussed, this will also
contribute to identify trends and patterns in the organization.
9. Investigation of the previous accidents may enable the organization to resolve the
issues proactively so that future accidents could be prevented.
10. Proper investigation of the accidents will highlight where and which of the risk
assessment needs reviewing and what are the particular hazards that must be
included in risk assessment.
11. Investigation of the previous accidents will identify the management weakness
[ poor leadership and commitment] and enable the management to rectify such
weakness so that such accidents could be stopped in the future.
12. Investigation of the previous accidents will also provide information of the total
costs of the accidents which will make management to think about health and
safety to prevent such costly accidents in the future.
13. Previous accident investigation will also enable the organization to ensure proper
resources for the management of health and safety within the organization. As no

Answer sheet IG1-0029-ENG-OBE-V1 Sept23 © NEBOSH 2023

 safety officer is provided.
14. Previous accidents investigation will identify the contravention the safety
regulations and standards and enable the organization to meet such
requirements, this achievement could also have helped the organization to
prevent future accidents.
15. Previous accidents investigation could also help in the improvement of the
communication and coordination between workers and the management which is
also a basic factor of preventing workplace accidents.
16. Previous accident investigation may suggest the review of the health and safety
policy so the design and implementation of clear and concise policy could be
designed, and its implementation could also have helped in preventing future
accident.

Task 7: Reporting the accident

Question 7 (a)
This accident must be reported by the employer to the competent authority by the
following reasons.
 As it’s the legal requirement under the RIDDOR 2013 that’s why such accident
need to be reported to the competent authority by the employer.
 Because the competent authority may give advice regarding the preventive
measures to prevent future accidents that’s why this accident need to be reported
to the competent authority.
 Because the competent authority may investigate the accident and identify the root
causes so that it could be corrected to prevent recurrence of such accidents.
 Reporting of this accident to the competent authority will boost self-esteem and
moral of the workers which will also impact of the health and safety culture
positively.
 Reporting of this accident to the competent authority will enable the organization to
review and update the risk assessment according to the recommendation of the
authority.
 Reporting of this accident will also help the competent authority in targeting their
work that ‘s why this accident needs to be reported to the competent authority.

Question 7 (b)
The employer needs to notify the competent authority through following such procedures.
 First, the employer needs to collect all the information regarding the accident and
compile a report file which included all the information about the accident.
 The employer should visit the website of the competent authority to find out how
they demand and accepts such kind of reports from organizations.
 Employer should post the accident report to the competent authority through email
given in their websites.
 Some of the authorities have their online portal of accident reporting so the
employer should fill in their online portal so that tis accident could be reported
correctly.
 The employer should also report this accident in hard form by filling the accident
report from and posted through courier with 10 days of the accident it the authority
accepts hard copy.
 Some of the competent authorities could also be reported through calling on their
designated numbers so that quick response could be achieved.

Your total 3639

Answer sheet IG1-0029-ENG-OBE-V1 Sept23 © NEBOSH 2023

 word count*
* please note that this form already has 0 words (excluding text boxes and footers), which
you can deduct from your total amount if you are using your word processor’s word count
function.

Documents and https://www.hse.gov.uk/guidance/index.htm

sources of information www.ilo.org
you used in your
examination

End of examination

Now follow the instructions on submitting your answers in the NEBOSH Open Book
Examinations: Technical Learner Guide. All Open Book Examination guidance documents
can be found on the NEBOSH website: https://www.nebosh.org.uk/open-book-
examinations/resources/.

Answer sheet IG1-0029-ENG-OBE-V1 Sept23 © NEBOSH 2023