NEBOSH

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IG1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety

MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IGC1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety
NEBOSH International Certificate in Construction Health and Safety
NEBOSH International Certificate in Fire Safety and Risk Management

Open Book Examination

ANSWER TEMPLATE

Available for 24 hours

Learner name Mohammed Hocine BAGUI

NEBOSH learner 00737147
number
Learning Partner name 634-s3d HSE Ecole

Please note: if you decide not to use this template, you will need to include the same
information on your submission, including the following:
 your unit code (eg IG1);
 the examination date;
 your name;
 your NEBOSH learner number;
 your Learning Partner’s name;
 page numbers for all pages;
 question numbers next to each of your responses.

You do not need to copy out the questions.

Please save your completed answer document with your surname,

your first name, your NEBOSH learner number, and your Learning
Partner’s name.
For example, a learner called Dominic Towlson with the learner number
12345678, who has taken their course with a Learning Partner called
GMMTA International will name their submission:
Towlson Dominic, 12345678, GMMTA International

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0022-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 1 of 8

Task 1: Emergency response

Question 1
In my opinion, the effectiveness of how I managed this emergency is great, although not
perfect, I took precise steps to make sure it went smoothly without more uprisings or
further complications.
 First: I asked for bystanders to clear out the accident scene, and that in my opinion is
to not mess with any evidence that will be used in the investigation of this accident.
 Second: I tried seeking the assistance of the manager or the team leader in order to
have a responsible party helping me, although it was not available.
 Third: as a certified first-aider, I examined the injured young worker and called the
ambulance to make sure he doesn’t get more hurt, which is unacceptable.
 Fourth: I made another worker clear the entrance hall, I believe this helps to prevent
workers from mixing up with the public, then had the public leave through the fire
exits safely.
 Fifth: I tried to telephone the manager, but I couldn’t, so I left a voicemail, this, in my
opinion, is to make sure he knows of the accident.
 Sixth: By this step, I believed that workers are still shocked, so I told them that they
are allowed to leave if they’re not able to continue working, to avoid other accidents,
and I told them to write down anything they remember about this accident.
 Seventh: It was safe to start interviewing a worker who witnessed the accident in
peace with haste, they told me all the detail I needed to know about the accident
causes and what led to them, and surely this is the best thing one can do to not lose
the correct history of the accident, which could happen if I delayed the interview for
later.
 Lastly, I had one more information from the worker about their training, and they told
me they had none, which finishes our valuable interview with no missed information
and this gave me a wider view of the situation.

Task 2: Culture

Question 2
Indicators of a negative Health and Safety culture:
1. Hired Contractors mostly have young people.
2. The schedule of the contractors working on weekends and evenings does not take
into consideration the young workers they have.
3. The doors of the cinema are dirty indicating bad hygiene.
4. Entrance hall trash bins overflowing indicates bad hygiene.
5. The floor littered with old tickets indicating there are no cleaners.
6. The behaviour of the receptionist, their ignorance and rude attitude that could put
them in a risk of being attacked by angered clients indicates they do not care about
their own safety or the cinema’s.

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0022-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 2 of 8

 7. The manager’s attitude towards anyone who knocks on his door shows that they do
not care about the people’s feedback, which indicates a terrible H&S culture.
8. The manager lounging in the office indicates bad housekeeping.
9. Manager’s office turned into a lounge also indicates bad responsibility.
10. The manager forgetting about the Audit is an indicator of bad responsibility.
11. No space for H&S responsible to work at indicates there is no interest in H&S.
12. Sending the Auditor to the worker’s break room shows that there is no value for their
work, consequently, no value for H&S improvement.
13. Manager thinking of the audit work as “Burden” and as “Bureaucracy” outlines their
negative personality, which is not suitable for such position.
14. Worker’s Break room being dirty and has piles of unclean dishes indicates the non-
existent housekeeping.
15. The H&S documents which had been forgotten indicates there were no intentions on
improving safety in the Cinema.
16. Manager refusing to help the Auditor and hinting to their refusal of an interview with
them is also another negative H&S culture.
17. The H&S policy is dated January 2018, and the only risk assessment was done on
January 2020, which is outdated.
18. The risk assessment is not made for Waterfront Cinema, it is copied from another
Cinema business.
19. The Manager and Team leader on duty leaving work just after an accident happened
requires no discussion to prove how negative the H&S culture is.
20. Not having trained any worker on first aid indicates there are no interests in the
workers’ safety at the cinema.
21. The first aid box not having supplies is another indicator of bad H&S culture.
22. The manager refusing to answer their phone in an emergency, and from an expected
Auditor indicates they are not interested in the Cinema’s safety at all.
23. The witness being surprised there is an accident investigation proves there has been
no previous investigations.
24. The manager not wanting to know about accidents states they’re unwilling to improve
the workplace conditions and improve workers’ safety.
25. The manager believing that investigations are a waste of time.
26. Team leader sending a vulnerable worker to do “work at heights” indicates their poor
risk perception even though the young worker told them they can’t do it for multiple
reasons.
27. Keeping the old stepladder and refusing to change it or fix it properly indicates there
are no intentions to enhance safety in the cinema.
28. Team leader laughing at the young worker, then proceeding to threaten of firing them
if they didn’t do the task with haste.
29. The scared young worker promising they’ll do the task with haste and effectiveness
pleases the team leader, which indicates they only care about work being done and
not the safety of the workers.
30. The cinema manager’s reputation of dismissing workers for trivial reasons.
31. And finally, no training provided to the Cinema workers indicating one more point that
there exists NO positive Health and Safety Culture in the cinema, not just it being
negative.

Task 3: Health and safety management systems – awareness and

communication

Question 3
Communication is a process by which information is passed between individuals and / or
organisations, which has different types (Verbal, Written, Graphical and Broadcasting).
I. Reasons of failure in the verbal communication:
 No meetings to pass information:
1) There exists no tool box meeting in the Cinema.

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0022-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 3 of 8

 2) There exist no daily, weekly nor monthly meetings, because the manager is
always busy lounging in his office.
 No consultations to get info passed between workers and management:
3) There exist no experienced Health and Safety worker to consult concerning
H&S matters.
4) There is no consultation of workers concerning their observations, needs and
feedback.
 Bad peers influence results in miscommunication, passing wrong information:
5) Workers in the Cinema are mostly young, this makes them influence each
other at higher rates due to their immaturity and inexperience.
6) The manager and team leaders are ignorant towards H&S procedures, which
influences (passes information to) the workers to behave unsafely in their
work.
II. Reasons of failure in the Written Communication:
 Bad company safety policy:
7) The company policy is outdated, and considering there exists no H&S
responsible, it was not updated nor passed between workers and
management (Manager and Team Leaders).
 No accident reporting:
8) No reporting systems put in place in the Waterfront Cinema, this is indicated
when the accident happened, everyone was watching, this means previous
accidents were not recorded, discussed nor analysed.
 Poorly written system of work:
9) No written system of work to be mentioned in the scenario, this can mean it
was not made for the Waterfront cinema (Possibly copied alongside the risk
assessment) or it was not available.
 No memos to inform managers of work (horizontal communication):
10) No memos mentioned in the scenario, this is indicated through the manager
not wanting to know about accidents and bad things happening in the
Cinema.
11) Team Leaders and the Manager don’t seem to work together on the cinema
and this is proven when the team leader did not know or care that the injured
worker had tasks given to him by the manager.
III. Reasons of failure in the Broadcasting Communication:
 Absence of notice boards:
12) Relying on the Accident history, we could tell there are no notice boards,
since the workers hang Banners to advertise movies.
 No Posters to show how to behave in emergencies:
13) It seems the Cinema don’t have any posters hanged concerning Emergencies
and accidents, this is proven when the young worker fell from the ladder, no
one helped or called for help, and people did not leave space for the
unconscious worker to breathe.
 No educational videos to inform workers:
14) Videos are a type of theoretical training, showing workers how to behave and
what to do in case of emergencies, which they did not know when the
accident happened.
15) Considering this is a Cinema, one would think they pass down information
through projectors and videos, but this is evidently non-existent.
IV. Reasons of failure in the Graphic communication:
 No signs of rules and obligations:
16) No signs to prevent people from throwing trash on the floor mentioned, means
no one was told not to throw trash, which is a failure in communication.
17) Manager smoking in his office indicates there is no sign on the prohibition of
smoking inside the cinema.

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0022-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 4 of 8

Task 4: Top management commitment

Question 4 (a)
Future Cinema Corporation effectively demonstrated top management commitment
through:

1) The establishment of a central health and safety department structure with multiple
tiers of management by appointing a group health and safety director, three regional
health and safety managers, and 15 health and safety advisers,
2) Implementing a top-down approach to health and safety that adheres to industry best
practices and ensures the highest standards of safety in the workplace,
3) Their demonstration of personnel's three years of experience in health and safety with
appropriate qualifications,
4) Their proactive approach to gaining certification against the ISO 45001:2015 health
and safety management standard,
5) Showing pride in their achievements influencing very positively the other cinemas
they manage.
6) Their willingness to help other local cinemas gain certification against the same
standard,
7) their trained staff in health and safety,
8) updating policies and procedures constantly,
9) Providing visible, tangible resources and allocating sufficient time to plan in the
Central Health and Safety Department,
10) Implementing their systems of work and safe working procedures in their central
department and throughout their entire cinema chain,
11) Monitoring their chain of cinemas by sending auditors and checking on their H&S
arrangements,
12) reviewing their health and safety policies regularly, when possible.

Question 4 (b)
Following the visit, the labor inspector may take the following actions:

1. examining the working conditions in the Waterfront Cinema

2. conducting an in-depth investigation of the workplace.
3. Examining the evidence provided by the auditor who investigated the accident,
4. reviewing safety-related documentation and records, along with the out-of-date safety
policy and risk assessment,
5. interviewing witnesses and workers at the Waterfront Cinema,
6. observing how tasks are completed and ensuring that safety precautions are followed,
but unfortunately discovering that they are not,
7. providing guidance and advice to the manager on how the cinema should operate,
8. making a recommendation for improving health and safety standards at the Waterfront
Cinema,
9. providing commands or directives to the manager in order to improve the deficient
health and safety practices,
10. issuing a notice of non-compliance with occupational health and safety legislation,

Task 5: Administrative control measures

Question 5

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0022-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 5 of 8

 Administrative controls that will prevent the accident will encompass the following:

1. Developing and implementing a safety policy that includes hazard identification and
risk assessment helps increase the perception of risk for all workers; this could've
prevented the team leader from allowing the use of the old ladder.
2. Planning and implementing safety procedures for all tasks performed by workers will
ensure that they do not attempt risky tasks without proper precautions, such as sending
the injured worker with someone to hold the ladder for them.
3. Creating a safe working environment with clearly marked safety signs or labels will
keep people away from dangerous situations; this could've prevented any bystander
from coming closer to the worker hanging the banner.
4. Regular workplace inspections ensure that the workplace is safe and in accordance
with health and safety regulations, preventing accidents during routine tasks such as
hanging banners.
5. The establishment of an incident reporting mechanism identifies trends, allowing
control measures to be implemented to prevent the recurrence of events such as the
use of the old ladder.
6. Keeping records: near miss reports and incident/accident reports aid in preventing the
recurrence of unwanted events, particularly the use of an old ladder.
7. Implementing a reporting system to keep track of all activities at the Waterfront
Cinema could aid in identifying potential safety hazards, such as the use of the old
ladder.
8. Records of the purchase, supply, and usage aid in the tracking of old material and
defects in equipment, specifically the stepladder.
9. Hiring housekeepers and ensuring good housekeeping through cleaning schedules and
the control of eating, drinking, and smoking could help prevent bad morale, which led
to the team leader threatening to fire the young worker if they didn't do the job;
10. The provision of facilities for storing PPE and working equipment safely could help
change the old ladder sooner when it became dysfunctional.
11. Providing appropriate safety training for the young employees could've saved the
worker from using the old ladder inappropriately.
12. Providing maintenance training to the young employees could have aided in the earlier
repair of the old stepladder.

Task 6: Individual and job factors

Question 6 (a)
Individual human factors that had affected the worker’s behaviour could be in his Risk
Perception, his personality and his competence:
 As he was stressed and under pressure because he had other tasks given but was
forced to go hang the banner first,
 The injured worker did not have quality training which affects his risk perception on
working at heights,
 The injured worker’s risk perception was interfered by the noise of people in the
cinema hall while he was hanging the banner,
 The worker did not receive any training so it’s evident his risk perception is as low as
could be,
 he feared getting dismissed if he didn’t do the risky task, this indicates he has a
submissive personality,
 Another individual factor affecting his behaviour is his competence level, which is low,
considering he is young and had no experience nor training.

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0022-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 6 of 8

Question 6 (b)
The job factors that affected the injured worker’s behaviour are:
The task:
 It’s work at height, and he fears heights.
 It requires using unreliable ladder, increasing risk of falling.
 The timing of the task was during the working hours, which also affects the focus of
the worker and his behaviour.
The environment:
 The cinema hall is dirty and can affect the worker’s thought process, distracting him
 Too much noise from the bystanders and their children also affects the worker’s
behaviour.
Displays and controls:
 The flashy displays of the movies has potential to distract the worker as well or affect
his thought process.
 The wedge under one of the feet of the stepladder could also affect the worker’s
focus when he’s working, fearing it may be loose.
Procedures:
 Working procedures are verbal, since the team leader verbally told the workers what
to do, this could lead to misunderstanding or workers may not understand at all.

Task 7: Risk evaluation

Question 7 (a)
The matrix assists us in calculating the degree of risk involved in a task, and we calculate
the degree of risk in "hanging banners using an old step ladder" by taking into account the
likelihood of the risk reoccurring. Keeping in mind that the cinema always has new
movies, the workers hang new banners almost every day, which means the Likelihood
here is at maximum (3).

After that, we calculate the severity of the consequences if an accident happened. In this
situation, the worker broke his leg and suffered a concussion, which is a major injury that
requires emergency hospitalization; this means the Severity is at maximum (3).

Now that we can multiply the numbers and come out with a value that we scale from 3 to
9, the risk degree of this accident is actually at maximum (9), which means it is Not
Acceptable.

If the risk degree was around 6, it meant tolerable, and if it was lower than 4, it meant it
was acceptable.

Question 7 (b)
Using the risk matrix to assess whether or not a risk is acceptable requires measuring the
risk's likelihood and severity, then multiplying the values to obtain the degree of risk.

In our example matrix, the risk degree is graded on a scale of 1 to 9, where anything from
1 up to 5 is Acceptable, anything at 6 is Medium and anything from 7 up to 9 is
Unacceptable.

The task of hanging the banner is a routine activity, which means the Risk Likelihood will
always be at maximum (3).

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0022-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 7 of 8

 According to the accident investigation, the injured worker broke his leg falling from the
old ladder, meaning the Risk Severity was at maximum (3). To lower that, for example,
we would use portable scaffolding instead of the old ladder, which is much safer and has a
low risk, but only if it was used in the correct way, yielding a low severity level of (2).

To calculate the overall risk degree, we multiply the level of Likelihood by the level of
Severity, and we get a 6, which means it is medium.

Installing poles and hanging banners by raising them like a volleyball net, for example,
would normally require two workers to complete the task, but that isn't always the case,
and the severity level of risk in using this method is actually incredibly low (1); multiply
the severity level by the likelihood level (3), and you'll get a risk degree of 3 on a scale of
9, indicating that the risk is acceptable.

Your total
2927
word count*
* please note that this form already has 284 words (excluding text boxes and footers),
which you can deduct from your total amount if you are using your word processor’s word
count function.

Documents and S3D course class notes,

sources of information hse.gov.uk,
you used in your RRC: IG1.1 book second edition September 2020,
examination
HSG245,
C155,
R164

End of examination

Now follow the instructions on submitting your answers in the NEBOSH Open Book
Examinations: Technical Learner Guide. All Open Book Examination guidance documents
can be found on the NEBOSH website: https://www.nebosh.org.uk/open-book-
examinations/resources/.

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0022-ENG-OBE-V1 Jan23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 8 of 8