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Factors On Which Self Inductance Of Coil

Mathematics (Sikkim Manipal University)

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Factors on which
self inductance of
coil depend

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Objective

To study the factors on which the

Self Inductance of a coil depends
by observing the effect of this
coil, when put in series with a
resistor (bulb) in a circuit fed up
by an A.C. source of adjustable
frequency.

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I would like to express my special

thanks of gratitude to my teacher Mrs.
A. Uma and our Principal Mr. Pradeesh
Kumar who have given me the golden
opportunity to do this wonderful
project on the topic which also helped
me in doing a lot of Research and I
came to know about so many new
things. I am really thankful to them.
Secondly I would also like to thank my
parents and friends who helped me a
lot in finalizing this project within the
limited time frame.

INDEX

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 Introduction
 Aim
 Apparatus Required
 Theory
 Circuit Diagram
 Procedure
 Observations
 Result
 Precautions
 Sources of Error

Introduction

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There are four basic factors of

inductor construction
determining the amount of
inductance created. These
factors all indicate inductance
by affecting how much
magnetic field flux will develop
for a given amount of magnetic
field force (current through the
inductor’s wire coil.

The factors are:-

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•NUMBER OF WIRE WRAPS,

OR “TURNS” IN THE COIL.

•COIL AREA.
•COIL LENGTH.
•CORE MATERIAL.

Aim

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To study the factor on which the

Self Inductance of a coil depends
by observing the effect of this
coil, when put in series with a
resistor (bulb) in a circuit fed up
by an A.C. source of adjustable
frequency.

Apparatus Required

A coil of large turns, A.C. source

of adjustable frequency, an
electric bulb, (6 V) A.C. ammeter
of suitable range, rheostat, a soft

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iron rod, one way key,

connecting wires etc.

Theory

Self Inductance is the property of

a coil which opposes the change
in current through it. The Self
Inductance of a coil (long
solenoid) is
L =μ0μr N2 A

Where μr= Relative magnetic

permeability of magnetic
material,
μ
μr = μ μ°

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 N= Total number of turns in

solenoid
 A= Area of cross section of
solenoid
 l= Length of solenoid

Hence, the Self Inductance

depends upon
•No. of turns (N), L α N2
•Geometry of coil, L=A , L α
1/l
•Nature of core material, L=
μ

When an inductor is connected

in series with a resistor (bulb)

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with a variable source of

frequency, then current flowing
in the bulb is

E
I rms = rms
Z
Where Z= (R2 +
ω2L2)½=Impedance of the A.C.
Circuit
R= Resistance of bulb
L= Self Inductance of coil
ω = 2πf = Angular
frequency of A.C. source.

The brightness of bulb i.e. Heat

generated in bulb is

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H= I2rmsZt
The brightness of bulb i.e. Heat
generated in bulb is
H= I2rmsZt
Or,
P=H/t= I2rmsZ
2 2 2 2 ½
P= I rms (R + ω L )

Circuit Diagram

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Procedure
 Make all connections as
shown in circuit diagram.
 Switch on the A.C. supply and
adjust the constant current in
the circuit by using the
variable resistor (R1) (let
frequency of source is 60 Hz
and voltage is 6V).
 Record the current in A.C.
ammeter and see the
brightness of bulb.
 Now, put the soft iron rod
inside the inductor core and

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record the current in A.C.

ammeter and again check the
brightness of bulb. The
current and brightness both
decreases.
 Now, switch off the supply and
decrease the frequency of
A.C. source (say 50 Hz).
 Again switch on the supply
and adjust the current in
circuit at same constant
voltage 6V by using the
rheostat. Note the current in
ammeter and brightness of
bulb. The current and
brightness both will increases.

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 Again insert the iron in the

core of coil and note the
current and brightness. The
current and brightness both
decreases.
 Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7
for different frequency of A.C.
source (say 40 Hz,30 Hz and
20 Hz).

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Fig 1.1: Experimental setup of experiment.

Observations
 Least Count Error= 0 A.
 Zero error of ammeter =0 A.
 Range of ammeter = 0-5 A.
S Frequency Current Current
No of applied in in

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. voltage(H ammet ammet

z) er er with
without iron rod
iron rod in coil
in coil (A)
(A)
1. 60 2 1.8
2. 50 2.5 2.3
3. 40 2.9 2.6
4. 30 3.4 3.25
5. 20 4.1 4

Result
•The current in the circuit
decrease on inserting the iron

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rod in the core of coil at

constant frequency of applied
voltage and brightness of bulb
decreases and vice-versa.
•The current in the circuit
increases on decreasing the
frequency of applied voltage
and vice-versa. Therefore, the
brightness of bulb increases.

Precautions
•The coil should have large
number of turns.
• Current should be passed for
a small time to avoid the heating
effect.

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•There should not be parallax

in taking the reading of
ammeter.

Sources of Error

•The resistance of circuit may

increases slightly due to
heating effect of current.
•There may be eddy current in
soft iron coil.
Bibliography
 https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductance&ved
=2ahUKEwj08Iniro7lAhUJqI8KHTf0AnY

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QFjADegQIBBAB&usg=AOvVaw2P7iDjt
FkUuM4sVZ3Xvuee

 https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://
www.ukessays.com/essays/education/s
elf-induction-and-mutual-
induction.php&ved=2ahUKEwj08Iniro7
lAhUJqI8KHTf0AnYQFjASegQIAxAB&usg
=AOvVaw101-
LPrKSTgDiDwgKYZPHV&cshid=157059
6884921

 https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://
phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Electri
city_and_Magnetism/Book
%253A_Electricity_and_Magnetism_(Ta
tum)/10%253A_Electromagnetic_Induc
tion/10.92%253A
%2509Self_Inductance&ved=2ahUKEw
jWhcLMsY7lAhVMdCsKHdOGAD4QFjAF

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