It is due to imbalanceof charges

Static Electricity

Charge It is a physical property of matter

that causes a force to be experienced
when it is placed in an Electromagnetic
field

There are 2 types of charges

1 Positive charge
2
Negative charge

Like charges Repel

Unlike charges attract

I

I Electrostatic forces of
attraction

Electrostatic forces
Electrostatic Forces

of
f
Repulsion
Static Electricity is Materials
L
stationary electric Charge
Conductor h Insulator
by friction
which is produced

which causes sparks Material that Materials that

allow charges to donot allow char
Neutral Positively Negativly flow to flow
charged charged

Charging by friction
It It
ve tue venue vest

electrons move

If body becomes
tvely charged
electrons are lost
Insulators charged
are
by
If body becomes
rely charged friction
electrons are gained Rub two insulating materials
due to friction Heat
together
Electric field It is a
region energy will be produced
in space around a charge where This will cause loosly
another charged object experiences bonded electrons to
jump
a force Aff
ration or Repulsion surfaces
Both bodies will become equal
in and oppositely charged
af
ve t ve

20 20
 é 1.6 10 19 C

Field lines must beradial

Correct Directionof field lines

When there are two unlike charges

field lines come outof positive and

I are deposited in the negative

Nullpoint

Null point A region where there is

not electric or magnetic field

Charging by Contact
2
Neutral
Neutral
p
ya When bodies make contact
A neutral body has equal no of tue electrons move from one body
and ve to another
 F
3 I Earth Earth is a giant neutral
Sphere And a reservoir for
unlimited charges

a
Applications of static Electric
After contact both bodies attain
similar charge hence
they will 1 Photocopy machine

repel 2 Electrostatic
spray paint
3 Electrostatic Dust precipitator
Examples of static Electricity Hazards of Static Electricity
in Everyd life 1 Electric Shock A large discharge
of electrons to from a
body
is regarded as electric shock
2 lightning
1 Due to friction b w clouds
a static charge is gained
ii This causes nearby objects to be charged
iii whenthe electric field b w the
cloud andthe object gets strong

enough electron move blu bodies

and become lightning
 Current Rate flow of
charg
I

IQhme E
I
I f

2
i
1
i

I t

6 2
y

n
 Fields
1 Gravitational Field
2 Magnetic Field
3 Electric Field

Earth Is a giant neutral sphere that wants all

bodies to become charged

Charging two metal spheres

Neutral
t

I t