CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2020

Set 1 Solution
PHYSICS – BOARD EXAM – SET – 1
55/1/1

Q. SOLUTION TOTAL
NO MARKS

SECTION – A

1. (A) no net charge is enclosed by the surface.

2. (A) qLE

3. (B) no current is drawn from the cell at balance.

4. P1 R2 6
(B) = = = 3: 2
P2 R1 4

5. (D) material of the turns of the coil.

6. (A) Increases the resolving power of telescope

7. (A) 1.47

8. (A) red colour

9. (D) The stability of atom was established by the model.

10. (B) 1 : 3

11. BV = B sin 30 = 0.15 G

12. Eddy

13. 4 times

14. Integral (or) Nucleons

15. 3

16.  de 
 B. dl =  0  I + 0


dt 
17. Decreases

18. 1 1
R2  A2  3  64  3 4
=    R2 = 3.6   = 3.6 
R1  A1   27  3

= 4.3 Fermi

OR

h
 p m p v p m p v p 1.67 10−27
= =  = = 1.8  1023
e h me ve 9.110 −31

me v2

19. M2 has greater value of work function due to higher value of threshold frequency.

20. LEDs must have band gap in the order of 1.8 eV to 3 eV but Si & Ge have band gap less than 1.8 eV
so these cannot be used to fabricate LEDs.

SECTION – B

21. Meter bridge works on the condition of balanced wheatstone bridge condition.

X = Unknown resistance
Y = known resistance
l = balancing length
 Then
l
X =Y
100 − l

22. K 0 A
C1 =
d
C2 = parallel combination of two capacitors

 A  A
K1 0   K 2 0  
= 2+ 2
d d
0 A
= ( K1 + K 2 )
2d
K1 + K 2
C1 = C2  K =
2

23. Half-life: It is the time interval after which the activity of a radioactive sample reduces to half
of initial value.
R1 1 N1
R = N  = 
R2 2 N 2

0.693  T
=  1 = 2
T1 2 T1
2

R1 T2 N1
 = 
R2 T1 N 2
24. Wavefront: It is a locus of all the disturbances oscillating with energy in same phase at a
given instant.
A plane wavefront AB is incident in rarer medium at instant t = 0 on interface XY separating
it from a denser medium. When wavelet A is on interface, B is at a distance BB, from it. It
takes t time to cover the distance BB1 = v1t to reach on interface XY. Mean while, the

wavelet from A reaches to point A1 covering a distance AA1 = v2t in denser medium.

To locate A1, draw a secondary wavelet with radius AA1 = v2t & centre A. Draw tangent

from B, onto this sec. wavelet intersecting at A1.

A1B1 is refracted wavefront at instant t.
i = angle of incidence
r = angle of refraction.
BB1
 ABB1  sin i =
AB1
AA1
AA1 B1  sin r =
AB1
sin i BB1 v1t v1
 = = =
sin r AA1 v2t v2
sin i v1
 = = constant
sin r v2
c c
Also, n1 = n2 =
v1 v2
n1 v2 sin i n2
=  = = constant
n2 v1 sin r n1
 Which is Snell's law.
OR
Ace to lens maker's formula

1 1 1 1 
− = ( n21 − 1)  −  … (1)
v u  R1 R2 
When object is at placed at infinity,
u =
Image is obtained at focus
v= f
Using these values in Eq (1)

1 1 1 1 
− = ( n21 − 1)  − 
f   R1 R2 
1 1 1 
 = ( n21 − 1)  −  … (2)
f  R1 R2 
1 1 1
 By Eq (1) & (2)  = −
f v u

25.

0 I 0 I
BP = BA + B B = (upwards) + (down)
2 x 2 ( fx )

0 I  1 1 
= −

2  x d − x 

0 I  d − x − x  0 I  d − 2 x  0 I
=  =   upwards + (down)
2  x ( d − x )  2  x ( d − x )  2 ( d − x )
mvn2 rn  ze2   2 
(1) ÷ (2)  =  
mvn rn  4 0   nh 
  speed of e −
As BA  BB
(b)

26.

Centripetal force = Electrostatic attraction between nucleus &

e−

mvn2  1  ( ze )( e )
 = 
 4 0  rn
x
rn

ze2
 mvn2 rn = … (1)
4 0
By Bohr II postulali,
Angular momentum of e −
nh
mvn rn = … (2)
2

mvn2 rn  ze2  2
(1) ÷ (2)  = 
mvn rn  4 0  rh
 − ze2
 speed of e  vn =
2 0 nh

OR

Emission of photoelectrons is a phenomenon that is excited externally by incidence of

photons on metal surface to provide necessary energy to eject e − from metal.

Emission of  − particles is totally spontaneous in which no external excitation is involved.

An unstable nucleus emits an e − (  particle) to become stable. Also, in photoelectron

emission, radiation energy is absorbed by metal atoms while in  -particle emission,

radiation energy is released.

27. Depletion layer: It is a layer of immobile ions formed near the p-n junction by diffusion of
majority charge carriers and electron-hole recombination.
Potential barrier: It is the potential difference developed across the junction when diffusion
current & drift current attains equilibrium across the junction.
(a) When forward biased, width of depletion layer decreases.
(b) And value of barrier potential also reduces as v0 − v.

SECTION – C

28. (a)

Potential difference across A & B

V = VA − VB = E1 − I1r1 … (1)
V = VA − VB = E2 − I 2 r2 … (2)

E1 V
 I1 = − … (3) (from (1))
r1 r1
E2 V
I2 = − … (4) (from (2))
r2 r2
E V
For Equivalent cell I = − … (5)
r r
I = I1 + I 2

E V  E1 V   E2 V 
 − =  − + − 
r r  r1 r1   r2 r2 

E E  1 1 
=  1 + 2  −V  + 
 r1 r2   r1 r 2 
1 1 1
Comparing we get = +
r r1 r2
 Equivalent internal resistance is
r1r2
r=
r1 + r2
E E1 E2 E1r2 + E2 r1
Also = + =
r r1 r2 r1r2
 Equivalent emf is
E1r2 + E2 r1
E=
r1 + r2
(b)
5 2 + 5 2
E= = 5V
2+2
2 2
r= = 1r
2+2
E 5 5
I= = = A
R + r 10 + 1 11
 5 50
 Voltage across R  V = IR =  10 = V = 4.54V
11 11
29. (a) Magnetic moment M = Ni  r 2 nˆ ( )
(b)

Magnetic field at point P(x, 0, 0) due to I dl

0 Idl sin 90
dB = along PQ
4 r12

For entire coil  dB cos  = 0

0 I sin R 2 r
B at P  B =  dB sin  =
4 R 2 0
 dl

0 I r
=   ( 2 r )
4 r12 r1

0 Ir 2
 B= 3
iˆ
2(r2 + x )
2 2

Coil has N turns then

0 INr 2
B= 3
iˆ
2(r2 + x )
2 2

(OR)
 (a) Current sensitivity: It is defined as the amount of deflection produced per unit magnitude
of current passes.
 NAB
CS = or CS =
I r
(b) (i)

(G) can be converted into an ammeter by connected a small stunt resistance parallel to (G)
coil so that

IgG = ( I 0 − I g ) S

IgG
 S=
I0 − I g

GS
(ii) Effective resistance of (A) 
G+S

30.

V0
I0 =
R2 + X C 2
(a) Peak Voltage Across
V0 R
(i) Resistance R is VR = I 0 R =
R2 + X C 2
 I0 X C
(ii) Capacitor C is VC = I 0 X C =
R2 + X C 2
(b)

 Vc  −1  X C 
 = tan −1   = tan   = Phase difference between V & I
 VR   R 
I is ahead of V

31. D
(a) Linear fringe width increases  =  D
d
 
No effect on angular fringe width  Q = 
 d

 1 1
(b) Both linear fringe width & angular fringe width decrease    ,Q  
 d d
s 
(c) If condition  is satisfied, interference will be obtained otherwise, no interference
S d
will be obtained.

32. 1 c
(a) v = =
0 r  0 r r  r

(b) (i) Microwaves 10−1 to 10−3 m = 

(ii) Infrared 10 − 4 to 10−6 m = 

(  700 nm)
33. The binding energies per nucleon of the parent nucleus, the daughter nucleus and α-particle
are 7.8 MeV, 7.835 MeV and 7.07 MeV, respectively. Assuming the daughter nucleus to be
formed in the unexcited state and neglecting its share in the energy of the reaction, find the
speed of the emitted α-particle. (Mass of α-particle = 6.68  10 −27 kg)
 Energy released = Q = 7.835 × 231 + 7.07 × 4 – 7.8 × 235
 Q = 1809.885 + 28.28 − 1833
= 5.165 MeV

= 5.165 1.6 10−13 J

This energy will be taken away by  − particle as kinetic energy.
1 2
 mv = Q
2
 Speed of  − particle

5.165 1.6 10−13  2

v=
6.68 10−27

16.528
= 1014 = 2.474 107
6.68
= 1.573  107 m/s

34. (a)

From the circuit, I = Iz + IL

When the given voltage v becomes greater than the breakdown voltage of Zner diode
(V > Vz), maximum current flows through Zener diode. & the potential across the diode
remains almost constant. This can be noted from the I-V graph. As the load resistor is
connected in parallel to the Zener diode, the voltage drop across the RL resistor will be
constant and equal to Vz. Thus the voltage is regulated.
(b) Heavy doping is necessary to make the internal E-field across the junction stronger, so
that beyond Vz, there will be an abrupt rise in Iz.

SECTION – D

35. (a)
S1 & S2 are two Gaussian spheres respectively for points
P1 ( x  R ) & P2 ( x  R )
(i) By Gauss law,
Net outward flux through S1
q1
 =  E. dA = → charge enclosed by S1 = −0
S1
0
E =0
(ii) Net outward flux through S2

→ charge enclosed by S1 =  ( 4 R 2 )
q2
 =  E. dA =
S2
0

 ( 4 R 2 )
 E  dA =
S2
0

 ( 4 R 2 )
 dA = 4 x E=
2

S2 ( 4 r ) 
2
0

 R2
E=
 0 x2
(b)
(i) d = d1 + d2 + d3

= E ( r 2 ) + E ( r 2 ) + 0

= 2E r 2

= 2  200  3.14  ( 5 10−2 )

2

m2
= 31400 10−4 = 3.14 N −
C
(ii) Net charge q = d  0

q = 3.14  8.854 10−12

= 27.8  10−12 C
(OR)
(a)

r12 =| r12 |=| r2 − r1 |

Work done to bring q1 from  in electric field

E1  W1 = q1V r1 ( )
Work done to bring q2 in field EK & of field of q2

W2 = q2V r2 + ( ) kq1i2
r12
 Potential energy of system

()
U = W1 + W2 = q1V r1 + q2V r2 + ( ) kq1q2
| r2 − r1 |
 (b)

(c) W = Energy of system

= U12 + U13 + U 23
k
= ( q1q2 + q2 q3 + q1q3 )
r
9 109
=
10 10−2
( ( +1)  ( −1) + ( +1)( +2 ) + ( −1)( +2 ) ) 10−12
= 9 10−2 ( −1 + 2 − 2) = −0.09J
36. (a)

PQ = RS = l
PS = QR = b
Area A = lb

M IA
FPQ = IlB 

FRS = IlB
 FQR = IbB sin ( 90 −  ) = IbB cos  up

FSP = IbB sin ( 90 −  ) = IbB cos  down

Only FPB & FRS form a couple to apply torque on loop

 = FPQ ( AQ ) = ( IlB )( B sin  )

= I ( lb ) B sin 

  = MB sin 

Magnetic field is taken radial in Galvanometer coil in order to create  = 90 at every
orientation of coil in the magnetic field so that current varies linearly with deflection.

1 2 2qV
(b) qV = mv  v =
2 m

v = vi ⊥ B ( = Bj )

mv m 2qv 1 2mv
 Particle deflects along circular path of radius r = = =
qB qB m B q

1 2  6.4 10−27 104

r=
2 10−3 2 1.6 10−19
 1
= −3
 2 10−2 = 101 m = 10 m
2 10

(OR)

(a)

AC voltage vi is applied at primary P of transformer (with turns NP).

By self induction, pot diff developed is

d
eP = − N P = vi
dt

Also, by mutual induction, pot diff developed in secondary (turns NS)

d
eS = − N S = v0 = output AC voltage
dt

d
Here = time rate of charge of magnetic flux of each turn
dt

eS N S v0
 = =
eS N P vi

(i) Core is laminated to block or minimize the paths of eddy currents to minimize heat loss
against resistance of core.
 (ii) Thick copper wire is used in order to reduce the resistance of transformer coil to
minimize heat loss.

 Blv  B 2l 2 v
(b) (i) F = ilB =   lB =
 R  R

( 0.4 )  ( 20 10−2 )  (10 10−2 )

2 2

=
0.1

= 640 10−4+ 2+1 = 6.4 10−3 N

B 2l 2 v 2
(ii) Power = P = Fv =
R

= 6.4 10−3 10 10−2

= 6.4  10 −4 watt
37. (a)

D
Resolving power =
1.22

f0 20
(b) (i) m = − =− = −2000
fe 10 − 2
 d 0 di
tan  = =
u f0

3.5 106
 di =  20 = 0.18 m
3.8 108

(OR)

(a)

A1 B1 A1C ( +v ) + ( − R )
ABC ~ A1 B1C  = = … (1)
AB AC ( − R ) − ( −u )

A1 B1 A1 P +v
ABP ~ A1 B1 P  = = … (2)
AB AP −u

v−R v
(1) = (2)  =
− R + u −u
  −uv + uR = −vR + uv

 uR + vR = 2uv

1 1 2
÷ by uvR  + =
v u R

1 1 1
R=2f  + =
v u f

1  1 1  0.5 5 1
(b) = (1.5 − 1)  −  = = =
f  20   20 200 40

 f = 40 cm

1 1 1 fu 40  −30
Now = − v= =
f v u f + u 40 − 30

−40  30
v= = −120 cm
10

Image is virtual, erect and enlarged in front of lens 120 cm away.