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International Journal of
CODEN: IJRSFP (USA)
Recent Scientific
International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Research
Vol. 13, Issue, 06 (A), pp. 1617-1620, June, 2022
ISSN: 0976-3031 DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR
Research Article
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL MOISTURIZING CREAM
Jahanvi P.Patel*, Anu V.Patel, Anar J.Patel and Hemal J. Bhavsar
Sal Institute of Pharmacy, Opp. Science City, Ahmedabad-380060, Gujarat, India
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2022.1306.0339

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

Article History: Herbal cosmetics are the preparations are used to beautify and enhance the human appearances. The
th
Received 06 March, 2022 aim of the present research was to formulate and evaluate the herbal moisturising containing plant
Received in revised form 14th extracts prepared by using water in oil emulsion for the purpose of nourishing and moistening the
April, 2022 skin. The moisturising cream is prepared by using the coconut oil and extract of aloe vera, orange
Accepted 23rd May, 2022 peel and drumstick powder. Quality evaluation of the formulated product was assessed by using
Published online 28th June, 2022 different evaluation methods. No change of the physical properties was observed in formulated
cream. The formulated cream showed good consistency and spreadability, homogeneity, pH, non-
Keywords: greasiness, no evidence of phase separation during study period of research. Stability parameters like
visual appearance, nature, viscosity, and fragrance of the formulated cream showed that there was no
Water in oil emulsion, aloe vera extract, significant variation during the study period of research. The herbal extract containing moisturising
orange peel powder and drumstick powder
cream gives the cooling and soothing effect due to slow evaporation of water present in the
emulsion. The moisturising creams provide an oily barrier which reduces the water loss from the
stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin. They are water-in-oil emulsion and intended for
application on skin or accessible mucous membrane.

Copyright © Jahanvi P.Patel et al, 2022, this is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.

INTRODUCTION ingredients include pure constituents obtained by various

Cosmetics means any article intended to be rubbed, poured,
sprinkled, or sprayed on, or introduced into, or otherwise
applied to, the human body or any part of the body for
cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the
appearance, and includes any articles intended for use as a
component of cosmetic. (1) The study of cosmetics is called
“cosmetology”. It is the treatment of skin, hair, nails and
includes manicure, pedicure, applying of artificial nails on
special occasion, hair styling, shampooing hair, body hair
removal, chemical hair relaxers or straighteners, coloring, hair
extensions and wig treatment. A person who has licensed in
cosmetology is called Cosmetologist. In that, dry skin lacks
water and there are number of ways that cosmetic formulation
can temporarily reverse this by a process called moisturisation.
It is the ability of a preparation to increase the water content of
the non-viable epidermis (stratum corneum).(2)
Moisturizing creams are applied for the signs and symptoms of
dry skin, leaving it soft and smooth. Herbal cosmetics are the
cosmetics which are prepared using plant products having
cosmetic actions. Recently the use of botanical in cosmetic
have increased mainly due to mild action and non- toxic nature.
(3)
In cosmetic, both natural and Phyto-ingredients are used.
Natural products include oils, extracts, secretion etc. Phyto-
process.(4) In the human body, water constantly evaporates from
the deeper layers of the skin through an effect known as
transepidermal water loss. By regulating its water content,
human skin naturally maintains dry, easily shed surface as a
barrier against pathogens, dirt or damage, while protecting
itself from drying out and becoming brittle and rigid. The
ability to retain moisture depends on the bilipid layer between
the corneocytes. Moisturizers modify the rate of water loss,
with active ingredients of moisturizers falling into one of two
categories: occlusive and humectants. Occlusive form a coating
on the surface of the skin, keeping moisture from escaping. The
more occlusive the formulation, the greater the effect.
Ointments are more occlusive than aqueous creams, which are
more occlusive than lotion. Water loss through the skin is
normally about 4-8 g/ (m2h). A layer of petroleum applied to
normal skin can reduce that loss by 50-75% for several hours.
Oils naturally produced by the human body moisturize through
this same mechanism. Humectants absorbs water. They can
absorb this water from the air and moisturize the skin when the
humidity is greater than 70%, but more commonly they draw
water from the dermis into the epidermis, making skin dryer.
Moisturizers often contain water, which act as a temporary
hydration agent and as a way for the absorption of some
components and evaporation of the moisturiser. (6-8)

*Corresponding author: Jahanvi P.Patel

Sal Institute of Pharmacy, Opp. Science City, Ahmedabad-380060, Gujarat, India
Jahanvi P.Patel et al., Formulation And Evaluation of Herbal Moisturizing Cream

MATERIAL AND METHOD Coconut Oil

Orange Peel Extract
0.75 ml
6.50 ml
0.75 ml
5.50 ml
0.75 ml
6.50 ml
0.75 ml
6.50 ml
Collection of Sample Drumstick Extract 6.50 ml 7.50 ml 6.50 ml 6.50 ml
Cucumber Extract 4.50 ml 4.50 ml 2.25 ml -
Herbal pure aloe vera gel is extracted from the plant and Aloe Vera Extract - - 2.25 ml 4.50 ml
coconut oil, orange peel powder, drumstick powder and Methyl Paraben 0.001 gram 0.001 gram 0.001 gram 0.001 gram
Jasmine Fragrance 2-3 drops 2-3 drops 2-3 drops 2-3 drops
jasmine fragrance also purchased from the local market. Water q.s q.s q.s q.s
Chemicals used are of analytical reagent grade.
Evaluation Parameters of Cream
Preparation of Herbal Moisturising Cream
Cream products were characterized by pH, spreadability,
Formulation can be prepared by adding two different phases viscosity, wash ability, Saponification value, Irritancy test,
which are as follows. Acid value and Homogenity. (11-21)
Phase 1: Oil Phase 1. Organoleptic properties: The cream was observed for the
Melt the given quantity of the beeswax in a beaker with the colour, odour, and appearance.
help of indirect heating method (in a water bath) at 65-70°c 2. Washability: The cream was applied on the hand and
temperature. After melting of beeswax , required quantity of observed under the running water.
liquid paraffin taken in separate beaker then beeswax and liquid 3. pH: The pH meter was calibrated with the help of
paraffin both the heated on water bath at 65- 70ºc constant standard buffer solution. Weigh 0.5 gm of cream
temperature. (9) dissolved it in 50.0ml of distilled water and its p H was
measured with the help of digital pH meter.
Phase 2: Water Phase 4. Viscosity: Viscosity of the cream was determined with
Dissolve the Borax in water with the help of heat. Weigh about the help of Brookfield viscometer at 100 rpm with the
6.5 gram of orange powder than add 20 ml of water for spindle no. 7.
dissolution and heated on water bath. Same procedure follow 5. Spreadability test: The cream sample was applied
for the drumstick powder, when both the solution reach at 70° between the two glass slides and was compressed
temperature; remove it from water bath and cool it down to the between the two-glass slides to uniform thickness by
room temperature then filtered it. placing 100 gm of weight for 5 minutes then weight was
added to the weighing pan. The time in which the upper
Phase 3: Final Formulation glass slide moved over the lower slide was taken as a
Firstly, the oil phase ingredients such as beeswax and liquid measure of spread ability.
paraffine are poured into mortar-pestle than add water phase 6. Irritancy test: Mark an area (1sq.cm) on the left-hand
ingredient borax gradually with constant stirring till cream like dorsal surface. The cream was applied to the specified
consistency obtain and continue this whole process for around area and time was noted. Irritancy, erythema, edema,
5 minutes. After that required amount of coconut oil is added was checked if any for regular intervals up to 24 hrs.
and triturate constantly in one direction. Afterwards, add And reported the control.
prepared water phase ingredients in the mixture such as Orange 7. Saponification value: Take 2 gm of the substance and
peel extract, Drumstick extract and Aloe vera extract with a reflux it with the 25 ml of 0.5 N alcoholic KOH for 30
time interval and than again triturate until it combines with oily minutes.
phase and gives cream like formation. Add methyl paraben as Then add 0.1 ml of phenolphthalein as an indicator and titrate it
preservative. As compared to other creams this cream may be with the 0.5 N HCL
made heavier by adding more wax.(10) 8. Acid value: Take 10 gm of the cream dissolved
inaccurately weighed in 50 ml mixture of the equal
Table no. 1 Optimized Formulation Table for Herbal Cream volume of alcohol and solvent ether. Then attached the
(For 50gm) Formula Used for Moisturizing Cream (For 50gm) flask with the condenser and reflux it with the slow
Sr. Quantity(50 heating until the sample gets completely dissolve then
Ingredients Role of Ingredients
No. gm) add 1 ml of phenolphthalein and titrate it with 0.1N
Cream base, Increase water holding NaOH until it gets faint pink colour appears after
1 Beeswax 7.5 gm
capacity shaking in 20 seconds.
2 Powdered Borax 0.25gm Preservative ,Soften the water phase
3 Liquid Paraffin 23ml Cream base 9. Homogeneity: Homogeneity was tested via the visual
4 Coconut oil 0.75ml Anti-bacterial, Anti-fungal, Antioxidant appearance and test.
Orange peel
5 6.5gm Antioxidant
powder RESULT AND DISCUSSION
6 Drumstick powder 6.5gm Anti-fungal property
7 Aloe vera extract 4.5ml Cooling property, Anti-inflammatory Organoleptic Properties
8 Jasmine fragrance 2-3 drops Flavouring agent
9 Methyl Paraben 0.001gm Preservative Table no 3 Physical Properties
10 Water q. s. Vehicle
Sr. no. Parameter Observation
Table no 2 Formula Used for Moisturizing Cream 1 Colour Light Yellow
2 Odour Jasmine like Pleasant
Batches 3 Texture Smooth
Ingredients 4 Appearance Like curd
F1 F2 F3 F4
Beeswax 7.50 gram 7.50gram 7.50gram 7.50gram
Borax 0.25 gram 0.25 gram 0.25 gram 0.25 gram
Liquid Paraffin 23.00 ml 23.00 ml 23.00 ml 23.00 ml

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 International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Vol. 13, Issue, 06 (A), pp. 1617-1620, June, 2022

Table no.4: F1, F2, F3 & F4 Formulation

Sr. No. Test/ Evaluations Specification F1 F2 F3 F4
Physical Properties:
1 Colour Light Yellow Light Yellow Light Yellow Light Yellow Light Yellow
2 Odour Jasmine like pleasant Jasmine like pleasant Jasmine like pleasant Jasmine like pleasant Jasmine like pleasant
3 Texture/Appearance Smooth Stiff stiff liquidy Smooth
4 Spreadability Good Spreadability Not good Medium Medium Good Spreadability
5 Washability Easily washable Not easily washable Not easily washable Easily washable Easily washable
No redness and No redness and No redness and No redness and No redness and
6 Irritancy
inflammation inflammation inflammation inflammation inflammation
Chemical Properties:
7 pH 5.6 to 6.8 pH 5.3 pH 5.5 pH 6.4 pH 6.3 pH
8 Viscosity 30000 to 49990 cp 28000 cp 27000 cp 28500 cp 38890 cp
Saponification
9 NA 20.00 20.8 21.5 22.3
Value
10 Acid value 4.1-5.8 3.0 6.1 3.5 5.5

1. Washability :When cream is applied on skin it is
completely absorbed and gives cooling effect. Easily
washable in water without rubbing.
2. pH of the cream: The pH of the cream was found to be in
range of 5.6 to 6.8 which is good for skin pH. The herbal
formulation was shown pH nearer to skin required i.e. pH
6.8
3. Viscosity: Viscosity of formulated cream was determined
by brook filed viscometer at 20 rpm using spindle no. LV-
4(64). The viscosity of cream was in the range of 30000 to
49990 cp w\which indicates that the cream is easily
spreadable by small amount of shear. The formulated
cream shows the viscosity within i.e. 48890cp.
4. Spreadability test: The spread ability test showed that the
formulated cream has good spreadable property.
5. Irritancy test: The formulated cream shows no redness,
edema, irritation, and inflammation during studies. The
formulated cream is safe to use.
6. Saponification value: The saponification value results of
formulated cream were shown in table no. 3 and showed
satisfactorily values.
7. Wash ability: When cream is applied on skin it is
completely absorbed and gives cooling effect. Easily
washable in water without rubbing.
8. pH of the cream: The pH of the cream was found to be in
range of 5.6 to 6.8 which is good for skin pH. The herbal
formulation was shown pH nearer to skin required i.e. pH
6.8
9. Viscosity: Viscosity of formulated cream was determined
by brook filed viscometer at 20 rpm using spindle no. LV-
4(64). The viscosity of cream was in the range of 30000 to
49990 cp w\which indicates that the cream is easily
spreadable by small amount of shear. The formulated
cream shows the viscosity within i.e. 48890cp.
10. Spreadability test: The spread ability test showed that the
formulated cream has good spreadable property.
11. Irritancy test: The formulated cream shows no redness,
edema, irritation, and inflammation during studies. The
formulated cream is safe to use.
12. Saponification value: The saponification value results of
formulated cream were shown in table no. 3 and showed
satisfactorily values.
CONCLUSION
The importance of herbs in the cosmeceutical has been
extensively increased in personal care system and there is a
great demand for the herbal cosmetics nowadays.
Herbal cream is a non-toxic, safe, effective formulation which
improves patient compliance by the utilization of herbal
extracts and hence it would be highly acceptable than synthetic
ones. The formulated cream showed good results including
consistency and spread ability, homogeneity, pH, non-
greasiness. There is also no phase separation observed during
study period of research. The prepared moisturizing cream can
be considered safe to use as it is developed from herbal
extracts. Natural remedies are more acceptable in the belief that
they are safer with fewer side effects than the synthetic ones.
Further studies can be done to check the pharmacological
efficacy of the same for various uses of ingredients
incorporated into the cream.
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1620. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2022.1306.0339
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