A Practical Summer Training Report on

Construction of IPD Tower for

SMS hospital in Jaipur

In
JAIPUR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (JDA)

Submitted as a partial fulfillment of the B.Tech

program in CIVIL ENGINEERING OF

Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

SUBMITTED TO: - SUBMITTED BY:-

Dr. KULDEEP SINGH SAGAR MALI

HEAD OF DEPT. CIVIL ENGINEERING ROLL NO:-20EVJCE304

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SISYAWAS, SECTOR-36, NRI ROAD, JAGATPURA, JAIPUR
 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

It is hereby declared that the work, which is being presented in the Industrial Training
Report titled “Construction of IPD tower” in partial fulfillment of the award of Bachelor
of Technology in Civil Engineering and submitted in the department of Civil Engineering
of Vivekananda Institute of Technology, Jaipur is an authentic record of the work under the
supervision and valuable guidance of Assistant Professor Mr. KRISHAN MURARI, Dept.
of Civil Engineering.
The matter presented in the report embodies the result of the studies carried out by the
student and has not been submitted for the award of any other degree in this or any other
institute. I have personally completed all the modules during the training course and
submitted all the assignment and quizzes timely before getting certified.

Name of candidate : SAGAR MALI

RTU Roll No. : 20EVJCE304

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am extremely thankful to Mrs. Aashish sir (AEN) and all the staff, site management of
JAIPUR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (JDA) for my great knowledgeful practical
summer training at the construction site, laboratory, and testing plant site and also at office
work formalities.
I am grateful to Mrs. Aashish sir and other staff of PWD as well as security guards etc, who
given the guidance and extend their support during my summer training. I am also thankful
to all who helped me to complete my training successfully.
I am thankful to respected Vice Principal :- (Dr.) DHEERAJ SINGH, HOD Civil :- Dr.
KULDEEP SINGH and other faculties and staff of college for their support and guidance.

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 ABSTRACT

Industrial training offered by Jaipur development authority, jaipur was fortunate

opportunity for me during my fourth year of under graduation it helped me to apply my
theoretical knowledge gained during the university academic programme into real world
industrial based execution and experience professional construction process it helped me to
enhance my skill and to enrich my industrial knowledge by keeping me update with the
latest technologies this opportunity is extremely helped me to expose into and environment
where I could think as a civil engineer.
I had my training experience from 25 August to 8 october 2023 at JDA(Jaipur)
This report documents contains the knowledge and experience i have gained through my
industrial training at JDA Jaipur.

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TRAINING CERTIFICATE

5
 CONTENT

Candidate Declaration 2
Acknowledgement 3
Abstract 4
Training Certificate 5
Company’s History 6
1. Introduction to Project 8-11
1.1 Project Details 8-9

1.2 Site Plan of Building 10

1.3 Site Images 11
2. Types of Building 12-14
2.1 According to their Occupancy 12
2.2 According to type of Construction 12
2.2.1 Load Bearing Structures 13
2.2.2 Framed Structures 13
2.2.3 Composite Structures 14
3. TYPE OF SAFETY HELMRT 14-16
3.1 White 14
3.2 Blue 14
3.3 Red 15
3.4 Green 15
3.5 Gray 15
3.6 Purple 15
3.7 Yellow 16
4. MATERIALS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION 16-21
4.1 Cement 16
4.2 Reinforcement steel 18

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 4.3 Structural steel 19
4.4 Water 20
4.5 Mixing of cement concrete 21
4.6 R.C.C. 21

5. Sampling and Testing Concrete in the Field 21-27

5.1 Test of Aggregates 23
5.1.1 Crushing Strength Test 24
5.1.2 Impact Test 26
5.1.3 Los Angeles Abrasion Value Test 27
6. Floor Area and Level 28
7. Floor plan 29-34
8 Temporary Structures 35-38
8.1 Scaffolding 35
8.2 Formwork 36
8.3 Shuttering 37
8.4 Centering 37
8.5 Staging 38
Conclusion 39

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 JAIPUR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY

The Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) is a government body in the state of Rajasthan,
India, responsible for planned development and growth of the city of Jaipur..
The core functions encompass urban planning, infrastructure development, land
acquisition, and ensuring sustainable growth within the city..
JDA was established in 1975 under the Rajasthan Town Planning Act.
Main function:-

● The primary functions of JDA include urban planning, infrastructure development,

land acquisition, and ensuring sustainable development in Jaipur.
● Design, Construction, Maintenance & Repair of Government buildings.
● Design, Construction, Maintenance & Repair of Roads & Bridges.
● Undertaking Deposit Contribution works of various Departments, Local Bodies &
other
● Relief works in the event of Natural calamities like famine, flood, earthquakes et al.
Assessments of rent of private premises requisitioned for housing Govt. offices.
● Design, construction, maintenance and repairs of runway relating to the State
Government.
● Development and maintenance of Public Parks and Gardens in important Public
Buildings.
● Up keeping of Govt. Rest House and Circuit Houses.
● To permit construction of approaches on both sides of roads to private individual,
other institutions, factories, Petrol Pumps etc.

.
1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT

1.1 PROJECT DETAILS

Project name: Construction of IPD Tower
Client name: SMS hospital , Jaipur
Construction company: JAIPUR DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
Structural consultant: Mrs. Aashish sir (AEN)
Cost of project: 405.00 Cr Rupees
Area of project: 80000.00 SqM.

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Duration :- 21 month
Site location: SMS Hospital, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, Jaipur

Google Location:-
https://www.google.com/maps/search/ipd+tower+jaipur/
@26.870762,75.7853924,13z/data=!3m1!4b1?entry=ttu

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1.2 SITE PLAN OF BUILDING:

Figure 1: Site Plan

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1.3 SITE IMAGES:

Figure 2: Site Image-1

Figure 3: Site Image-2

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2.TYPES OF BUILDINGS

❖ CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS:-

1. ACCORDING TO THEIR OCCUPANCY:-

According to N.D. of India 1970, Buildings are classified as
1. Residential buildings
2. Educational buildings
3. Institutional buildings
4. Assembly buildings
5. Business buildings
6. Mercentile buildings
7. Industrial buildings
8. Storage buildings
9. Hazardous buildings
Group A: Residential Buildings:-
These are those buildings in which sleeping accommodation is provided for normal
residential purposes, with or without cooking or dining or both facilities. It is further sub
divided into 5 groups viz A-1 to A-5.
Group B: Educational Buildings:-
All those buildings, which are meant for education room, a Nursery schools to University
for more than 8 hours per week. These buildings provide facilities classrooms, staff cabins,
laboratories, administrative blocks, library, and play fields.
Group C: Institutional Buildings:-
Groups include any buildings or part thereof, which is used for the purposes such as
medical health, recovering health after illness, care of infant or aged persons etc. These
beings normally provide sleeping accommodation for the occupants. These buildings are
further subdivided into three groups viz C1 Hospitals and Stories C-2 Custodians institutes
(example-Homes for aged) and C-5: Panel institution example, Mental hospitals etc.
Group D: Assembly Buildings:-

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These include any building or part of building where group of people gather for
amusements, recreation, social, religious, patriotic, civil, travel & velar purposes.
Ex- Theaters, assembly halls, auditorium, museums, restaurant, places of worship, clubs,
are drums etc Buildings under these groups are further subdivided into three groups D-1 to
DS in descending order of accommodation and facilities.
GROUP E: Business Buildings:-
These include any building or part of building which is used for the transaction of business,
for hoping accounts, doctors & barber shop, beauty parlors etc.
GROUP F: Mercentile Buildings:-
These groups include any building or part of buildings, which is seed for shops, stores,
markets for sale and display of products for wholesale and retail.
GROUP G: Industrial Buildings:-
This group includes any building or part of a building or structure which products of
different kinds and properties are fabricated and assembled or processed For example:
essential plants, power plants laboratories, gas plants, refineries, dairies etc.
GROUP H: Storage Buildings:-
This group includes these buildings, which are primarily used for storage of goods, wares,
(not highly combustible), warehouses, cold storages, garages etc.
GROUP I: Hazardous Buildings:-
This group includes those building structures which are used for storage, handling and
manufacture or processing of materials which are liable to burn with extreme rapidity and
prove hazardous to health, building contents. Ex buildings used for storage of highly
flammable liquids or explosives etc included in this groups.

2. ACCORDING TO TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION:-

1. Load Bearing Structures:-
In the system the load bearing walk of stone or brick are constructed on a continuous
foundation and they are designed to support the entire load including their own load.
Hence in this type of structures the beams, trusses etc are always made to rest on lode
bearing wall.
2. Framed Structures:- In this system the numbers of pars or columns are erected on
their own independent foundations and they are traced together by beams and stats
in this way the whole structure is erected and the gaps between the piers or columns
are filed with partition walls. The function of partition walls is simply to support

13
 their own weight and to serve as a screen for The entire load of structure is carried
out by the frame.
3. Composite Structures:-
This structure is combinations of load bearing structurs in this type, the order wall
consists of bearing wall. Whereas the frame of columns and beams consist with one
and on being walk and other end an inner cakimms with thin partitions between the
bearing wall.
Type of Building:- The following are the different type of building
Name of Building No. of Floors Importance Factor

IPD Tower and Institute of 3 Basement + G + 1.5

cardiology 21

.
3 TYPE OF SAFETY HELMETS:-
3.1 WHITE :- for Engineers , Manager

3.2 BLUE :- for Electricians, Carprnters and Technical operators

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 3.3 RED :- for Fire Fighters

3.4 GREEN:-For Safety Officers

3.5 GRAY :- for site Visiters

3.6 PURPLE :- for supervisor

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 3.7 YELLOW :- for Labours and Earth Moving operators

4.MATERIALS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION

The main materials used for construction of a building are as follows:

o Cement
o Reinforcement steel
o Structural steel
o Water
o Mixing of cement concrete
o R.C.C.

4.1 CEMENT:-
a) If the Contractor is instructed to supply cement, then the following points shall be
applicable:
1) Unless otherwise specified the cement shall be Ordinary Portland cement in 50 kg
bags of 43/53 Gr. as applicable. The use of bulk cement will be permitted only with
the approval of Engineer-in-Charge. For t his the contractor will be r e q u i
r e d to construct proper storage facility.

2) A certified report attesting to the conformance of the cement to IS

specifications by the cement manufacturer's chemist shall be
furnished to Engineer-in-Charge, if demanded.

Cement held in storage for a period of ninety (90) day or longer

shall be tested. Should at any time Engineer-in- Charge.

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 Ordinary Portland cement BRAND MANUFACTURER

Ultratech Ultratech Co.

Vikram Grassim Industries Ltd.

L.K.Laxmi J.K.Cement

ACC ACC

The cement used for construction was ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC).

Material Composition

Lime(CaO) 60-70%

Silica(SiO2) 20-25%

Ferric Oxide(Fe2O3) 2-3%

Alumina(Al2O3) 5-10%

The grades are as follows:

● 33 Grade (Not used nowadays)

● 43 Grade (Most commonly used)
● 53Grade (Used in high buildings)

The grade number indicates the minimum compressive strength of cement sand mortar in
N/mm2 at 28 days.

We used Portland cement of 43 grades (JK LAXMI CEMENT) .

Figure 4: Cement

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The cost of cement per beg = 300 rupees
The initial setting time of cement = 30 minutes (1/2)
The final setting time of cement 10 hrs. We used this cement in different works at site like
plastering, brick masonry, finishing work, foundation work etc.

4.2 Reinforcement Steel:-

Steel reinforcement are steel bars that are provided in combination with plain cement
concrete to make it reinforced concrete. Hence these structures form steel reinforced
cement concrete structure (R.C.C). Steel reinforcement is commonly called as 'rebars.

All reinforcement shall confirm to IS: 1786 - 2008 having minimum yield strength of 500
N/sq mm (Fe-500D).
Young's Modulus : Es = 200,000 N/Sq mm
Yield Stress : Fy =500 N/Sq mm
Diameter of Bars(in mm) : 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25 & 32
Density :78.5kN/cum

7.3 STRUCTURAL STEEL

All structural steel Confirm to IS - 2062
All hollow section Confirm to IS - 4923

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 BUILT-UP MEMBERS Fy =350 MPa & Fy = 450 MPa (or)
relevant
standers euro
HOT ROLLED SECTIONS Fy =250 MPa & Fy = 350MPa
MS BARS & PLATES(PL) Fy =250 MPa (or) Fy = 350 MPa & Fy = 450
MPa
HIGH – STRENGTH BOLTS Gr. Gr. / IS 8.8ASTM_ EOUIVALEIS A325,
IS:
4000 Gr. 8 / IS EQUIVALENT
WASHERS (FLATOR BELELED) Gr.4 & GR. 8 (or) Equivalent Euro standards
ANCHOR RODS (ANCHOR BOLTS) ASTM F 1554, GRADE 36, Fy=245 MPa(or)
Relevant Euro odes
METAL DECK SHEET Fy =340MPa(minimum)
WELDING ELECTRODES E70, FUTS 485 MPa (CONFORMING TO IS:
81 4)(or) relevant Euro standards
Young's Modulus (E) 200,000 N/mm2
Density 78.5kN/m3,
Poisson's Ratio 0.30
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 1.2x10-5/°C

 Footing, foundation etc. M25 to M30

 All other structural elements M30 to M35
 UG sump M30
 Plain cement concrete M20
 Lean/ leveling concrete M7.5 (1:4:8 volume mix)

4.4 WATER

Unless otherwise stated the water quality & requirements for concrete will be in
conformity with IS: 456 -1978

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1) Water used for both mixing and curing shall be free from injurious amounts of deleterious materials.
Potable waters are generally satisfactory for mixing and curing concrete

2) In case of doubt, the suitability of water for making concrete shall be ascertained by
the compressive strength and initial setting time test specified in IS-456. The
sample of water taken for testing shall be typical of the water proposed to be used
for concreting, due account being paid to seasonal variation. The sample shall not
receive any treatment before testing other than that envisaged in the regular supply
of water proposed for use in concrete. The sample shall be stored in a clean
container previously rinsed out with similar water.
3) Average 28 days compressive strength of at least three 15 cm concrete cubes
prepared with water proposed to be used shall not be less than 90% of the average
strength of three similar concrete cubes prepared with distilled water.
4) The initial setting time or test block made with the appropriate set cement and the
water proposed to be used shall not be less than 30 minutes and shall not differ by
more than
5) Where water can be shown to contain an excess of acid, alkali sugar or salt,
engineer may refuse to permit its use. As a guide, the following concentrations
represent the maximum permissible values:
6) i) To neutralize 200 ml sample of water, using phenolphthalein as indicator, it
should not require more than 2 ml of 0.1 normal NaOH. The details of test shall be
as given in IS 3025
7) To neutralize 900 ml sample of water using methyl orange as an indicator, it should
not require more than 10 ml of 0.1 normal HCl. The details of test shall be given in
IS 3025.

4.5 Mixing of Cement Concrete

The quantities of cement shall be determined by weight. Ordinary Portland cement
shall be taken to weight 1442 kg/m3.The quantities of fine and coarse aggregates shall
be determined either by volume for ordinary concrete and by weight for controlled one.
The proportions of volume or weights specified are based on dry aggregates, due
allowance is to be made for bulking or variation in weight of aggregates according to
IS:2386 (Part-III)-1963
All concrete shall be mixed in a mechanical mixer until there is uniform distribution of
the materials, and the mass is uniform in color and consistency, but in no case shall the
mixing be done for less than two minutes. Hand mixing shall not be allowed for any
concreting work on the job
Mix Design
a) All concrete in the works shall be of design mix as defined in IS 456, unless it is
a nominal mix concrete such as 1:2:4, 1:3:6, 1:4:8 or 1:5:10. Whether reinforced
or otherwise ,all design mix concrete works to be carried out under this
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 specification shall be divided into the following classifications:
b) It shall be very clearly understood that whenever the class of concrete such as M
20 is specified it shall be the Contractor's responsibility to ensure that min.
crushing strength stipulated for the respective class of concrete is obtained at
works. The maximum total quantity of aggregate by weight per 50 kg of cement
shall not exceed 450 kg except when otherwise specifically permitted by
Engineer-in-Charge.
c) To fix the grading of aggregates, water cement ratio, workability and the
quantity of cement required to give preliminary and works cubes of the
minimum strength specified, the proportions of the mix shall be determined by
weight. Adjustment o f aggregate proportions due to moisture present in the
aggregate shall be made. Mix proportioning shall be carried out according to
Indian Standard Specifications.
d) Whenever there is a change either in required strength of concrete or water
cement ratio or workability or the source of aggregates and/or cement,
preliminary tests shall be repeated to determine the revised proportions, of the
mix to suit the altered conditions.
e) While fixing the value for water cement ratio for preliminary mixes, assistance
may be derived from the graph (appendix IS 456 showing the relationship
between the 28 days compressive strengths of concrete mixes with different
water cement ratios and the 7 days compressive strength of cement tested in
accordance with IS 269.

4.6 R.C.C:
Though plain cement concrete has high compressive strength and its tensile strength is
relatively low. Normally, the tensile strength of a concrete is about 10% to 15% of its
compressive strength. Hence if a beam is made up of plain cement concrete, it has a very
low load carrying capacity.
So there is need to use reinforced concrete which have more tensile strength than plain
concrete. And plain concrete's behaviour is brittle but reinforced concrete is ductile in
behaviour so its serviceability is good. So RCC is preferred for construction work. In our
project we also used reinforced concrete than plain concrete in construction of beams,
columns, and slabs.

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 Figure 8: RCC

5. MATERIAL TESTING
Structural Steel Contractor /Fabricator shall be required to produce Manufacturer's quality
certificate for the material or wherever quality certificates are missing or incomplete or
when material quality differs from standard Specifications the Structural steel Contractor
shall conduct all appropriate tests as directed by the CONSULTANT, at no extra cost, in
test houses approved by Consultant.
Manufacturer certifications for structural steel shall contain at least the following
information:
 Heat analysis or heat number
 Chemical Composition
 Results of visual inspection/ultrasonic testing
 Statement of compliance with code

To verify the submitted Material TC, raw material shall be tested as per code
requirement. Frequency of testing shall be 1 randomly selected sample per heat/batch
no.
In case of non-availability of heat no. / lot no. on the raw material, the following tests
be carried out at the discretion of client/Structural Consultant & the inspecting agency.
 Chemical Composition
 Mechanical Properties
 Weldability Test
Materials for which Test Certificates are not available or for which test results do not
comply with relevant standard Specification, shall not be used.

5.1 Sampling and testing concrete in the field:

a) Facilities required for sampling materials and concrete in the field shall be
provided by the Contractor at no extra cost. The following equipment with
operator shall be made available at Engineer-in-Charge's request (all must be in
serviceable condition)
(i) One concrete cube testing machine suitable for 15 cm cubes of 100 ton capacity
with proving calibration ring.
(ii) Six cast iron cube moulds of 15 cm size
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 (iii) One Lab. balance to weigh up to 5 kg with sensitivity of 10.
(iv) One set of sieves for coarse and fine aggregates.
(v) One set of slump cone complete with tamping rod.
(vi) A set of measures from 0.1 litre to 5 litre.
(vii) One electric oven with thermostat upto120⁰C
(viii) One flakiness gauge
(ix) One elongation index gauge
(x) One sedimentation pipette.
(xi) One Pycnometer.
(xii) Two calibrated glass jar of 1litre capacity

Arrangement can be made by the contractor to have the cubes tested in an approved
laboratory in lieu of a testing machine at site at his expense, with the prior consent of
the Engineer-in-Charge.

Sr. No. Quantity No. of set

1 0-5 3 or 1 in every batch

2 5-15 2 or 1 every batch

3 15-30 3 or 1 in every batch

4 30-50 4 or 1 in every batch

5 50-100 4 or 1 in every batch

Such samples shall be drawn on each day for each type of concrete.
Of each set of 6 cubes, three shall be tested at 7 days age and three at 28 days age. The
laboratory test results shall be tabulated and furnished to Engineer-in-Charge.
Engineer will pass the concrete if average strength of the specimens tested is not
less than the strength specified, subject to the condition that only one out of three
consecutive tests may give a value less than the specified strength but this shall not be
less than 90% of the specified strength. The cubes shall be tested on 7th and 28th day
from the day of casting of the cubes. Contractor should maintain a register indicating
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proportion of mix number of test cubes, date of casting cubes, date of testing, test results
and signature of testing authority and Engineer-in-Charge.

Test of Aggregates:
5.1.1 CRUSHING STRENGTH TEST:
Standard: 15: 2386 (Part IV)-1963 Methods of test for aggregate for concrete Part IV
Mechanical Properties.
Equipment used:

● Steel Cylinder
● Sieves (12.5mm,10m)
● Cylindrical metal care
● Tamping Rod
● Balance (0-10kg)
● Oven (3000)
● Compression testing Machine (2000KN)

Procedure:
1. The cylindrical steel cup is filled with 3 equal layers of aggregate and each layer is
tamped 25 strokes by the roundel end of tamping rod and the surplus aggregate
struck off, using the tamping d as a straight edge
2. The net weight of aggregate in the cylindrical steel cup is determined to the nearest
gram (WA) and this weight of aggregate is used for the duplicate test on the same
material.
3. The cup is fixed firmly in position on the base of the machine and the whole of the
test sample is added in thirds, such third being subjected to 25stokes from tamping
rod.
4. The surface is leveled and the plunger is inserted so that it rests horizontally
on the surface. The whole assembly is then placed between the platens of testing
machine and loaded at a uniform rate so as to reach a load of 40 tones in 10
minutes.
5. The load is then released and all aggregate is removed from the cup and sieved on
2.36 IS sieve until no further significant amount passes in one minute.
6. The fraction passing the sieve is weighed to an accuracy of 0.1 (WB)

Aggregate Crushing Value: (WB/WA) "100

5.1.2 IMPACT TEST:

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Standard: 15: 2386 (Part IV)- 1963

Equipment's used:

The equipments as per IS: 2386 (Part IV)-1963 consists of

● A testing machine weighing 45 to 60 kg and having a metal hise with a painted lower
surface of not less than 30 cm in diameter. It is supported on level and plane concrete
floor of minimum 45 cm thickness. The machine should also have provisions for fixing
its base
● A cylindrical steel cup of internal diameter 102 mm, depth 50 mm and n minimum
thickness 6.3 mm.

● A metal hammer or top weighing 13.5 to 14.0 kg the lower end being cylindrical in
shape, 30 mm long, 100.0 mm in diameter, with a 2 mm chamfer at the lower edge and
case hardened. The hammer should slide freely between vertical guides and be
concentric with the cup Free fall of hammer should be within 380+5 m
● A cylindrical metal measure having internal diameter 75 mm and depth 50 mm
● For measuring aggregates.
● Tamping rod 10 mm in diameter and 230 mm long, rounded at one end
● A balance of capacity not less than 500g readable and accurate up to 0.1 g

Procedure:

1. Test sample consist of aggregates sized 100 mm 125 mm. Aggregates

may be dried by heating at 100-110°C for a period of 4 hours and cooled
2. Sieve the material through 12.5 mm and 100 IS sieves. The aggregates
passing through 12.5mm sieve and retained on 10.0mm sieve comprises the test
material.
3. The aggregates to fill about just 1/3 rd depth of measuring cylinder
compact the material by giving 25 gentle blows with the rounded end of the
tamping.
4. Two more layers in similar manner, so that cylinder is full.
5. Strike off the surplus aggregates.
6. Determine the net weight of the aggregates to the nearest gram (W).
7. Bring the impact machine to rest without wedging or packing up on the level
plate, block or floor, so that it is rigid and the hammer guide columns are vertical.
8. Fix the cup firmly in position on the base of machine and place whole of the
test sample in it and compact by giving 25 gentle strokes with tamping rod.

25
 9. Raise the hammer until its lower face is 380 mm above the surface of aggregate
sample in the cup and allow it to fall freely on the aggregate sample. Give 15 such
blows at an interval of not less than one second between successive falls.
10. Remove the crushed aggregate from the cup and sieve it through 2.36 mm IS
sieves until no further significant amount passes in one minute. Weigh the fraction
passing the sieve to an accuracy of 1 gm. Also, weigh the fraction retained in the
sieve.

Observations:

Description Sample Sample2

Total weight of dry sample (W1 gm)
Weight of portion passing 2.36 mm sieve (W2 gm)
Aggregate Impact Value (percent) W2/WIX 100

5.1.3 LOS ANGELES ABRASION VALUE TEST:

Standard: IS: 2386 (Part IV)-1963

Equipment’s used:
The apparatus as per IS: 2386 (Part IV)-1963 consists of:

● Los Angeles Machine: It consists of a hollow steel cylinder, closed at both

the ends with an internal diameter of 700 mm and length 500 mm and
capable of rotating about its horizontal axis. A removable steel shaft
projecting radially 88 mm into cylinder and extending full length (ie 500
mm) is mounted firmly on the interior of cylinder. The shelf is placed at a
distance 1250 mm minimum from the opening in the direction of rotation.
● Abrasive charge: Cast iron or steel balls, approximately 48mm in diameter
and each weighing between 390 to 445g: six to twelve balls are required.
● Sieve: 1.70, 236,4.75.63.10.12.5.20.25.40.50,63,80 mm IS Sieves.
● Balance of capacity 5kg or 10kg
● Drying oven
● Miscellaneous like tray

Procedure:
1. The test sample consists of clean aggregates dried in oven at 105-110°C.
The sample should conform to any of the grading shown in table I.

26
 2. Select the grading to be used in the test such that it conforms to the grading
to be used in construction, to the maximum extent possible.
3. Take 5 kg of sample for grading A, B, C & D and 10 kg for grading E., F &
G.
4. Choose the abrasive charge as per Table 2 depending on grading of
aggregates.
5. Place the aggregates and abrasive charge on the cylinder and fix the cover.
6. Rotate the machine at a speed of 30-33 revolutions per minute. The number
of revolutions is 500 for grading A, B, C & D and 1000 for grading E, F &
G The machine should be balanced and driven such that there is uniform
peripheral speed.
7. The machine is stopped after the desired number of revolutions and material
is discharged to a tray.
8. The entire stone dust is sieved on 1.70 mm IS sieve.
9. The material coarser than 1.7mm size is weighed correct to one gram

Observations:
Original weight of aggregate sample = W1 g
Weight of aggregate sample retained = W2 g
Weight passing 1.7mm IS sieve- WI-W2 g
Abrasion Value = (W1 - W2)/W1 X 100

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6. BUILDING AREA AND LEVEL

28
7. 3D VIEW

29
TYPICAL NORTH AND SOUTH SIDE ELEVATION

30
TYPICAL EAST AND WEST SIDE ELEVATION

31
7. FLOOR PLANS

SECOND FLOR PLAN

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ICU FLOOR PLAN

33
OT/SICU TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
4 AND 5 FLOOR PLAN

34
GENERAL WARDS TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
6 ,7 ,8 ,10 ,11 AND 13 FLOOR PLAN

35
 8.TEMPORARY STRUCTURES

8.1 SCAFFOLDING:
The scaffolding is a temporary structure which is used in building operations to support
platforms for workmen, structural material and appliances required during construction t
raised heights normally more than 1.5 meter This temporary form work is useful in
building construction, demolition, maintenance and repair works. Scaffolding is erected
either on one or both sides of the wall. For ordinary work scaffolding may be erected on
one side only but for all superior quality works at must be provided on both sides of wall.
The height of the scaffolding can be adjusted with the progress of the work. Mostly timber
scaffolding is used due to economy.
Types of scaffolding or scaffold:
 Single scaffolding
 Double scaffolding
 Ladder scaffolding
 Cantilever scaffolding
 Steel scaffolding
 Suspended scaffolding
 Trestle scaffolding
 Wooden gantries

8.2. FORMWORK:-
Formwork is temporary or permanent mould its which concrete or similar materials are
poured. In the context of concrete construction, the false work supports the shuttering.

❖ Requirements of Good Formwork:

● It should be carefully designed, so as to be strong enough to resist the pressure of
fresh concrete and the super imposed loads due to men, materials and equipment
etc.
● It should be rigid enough to retain its original shape without undue deformation
which is normally restricted to 1/300 th of span in normal cases.
● It should be tight enough so as not to allow cement and other materials to leak
through the joints.

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 ● The formwork should not warp, bulge, bend or sink and should remain true to the
designed size.
● The inner surface of the formwork should be smooth so as to give pleasing
appearance to the finished surface.
● The inner surface is also applied with mould oil to facilitate its removal.

8.3 SHUTTERING:
Shuttering or form work is the term used for temporary timber, plywood, metal or other
material used to provide support to wet concrete mix till it gets strength for self support. I
provides supports to horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces or also provides support to
cast concrete according to required shape and sure. The form work also produces desired
finish concrete surface.

Shuttering or form work should be strong enough to support the weight of wet concrete
mix and the pressure for placing and compacting concrete inside or on the top of form
work/shuttering. It should be rigid to prevent any deflection in surface after laying cement
concrete and be also sufficient tight to prevent loss of water and mortar form cement
concrete. Shuttering should be easy in handling.
Generally there are three types of stuttering.
1. Steel Shuttering
2. Wooden Planks Shuttering
3. Temporary Brick Masonry Shuttering

Steel shuttering:-
Steel shuttering plate is the best type of shuttering because this is water tight shuttering
which can hear the load of cement concrete placed on it. This shattering can be used for
horizontal vertical or any other shape required for the work. It gives levelled surface which
has good appearance. This shuttering gives good appearance and pattern work according
architectural drawings. If the plaster is paired, the thickness of plaster will be less. Being
water tight shuttering, the strength of concrete with steel shuttering is comparatively higher
Wooden Plank Shuttering:-
Generally wooden planks shuttering is used by contractors because this shuttering is cheap
and commonly available. But this type of shuttering effects the strength of concrete and
have some disadvantages which are given below.

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Recommended Period for Removal of Shuttering

▪ 48 hours for sides of foundations, columns, beans and walls.

▪ 7 days for underside of slab up to 45 meter span.
▪ 14 days for underside of slab, beams, arches above 4.5 meter up to 6 meter span.
▪ 21 days for underside of beams arches above 6 meter span and up to 9 meter span.
▪ 28 slays for underside of beams arches above 9 meter span

Figure 10: Shuttering

8.4 CENTERING:
Is a type of false work the temporary structure upon which the stones of an arch or vault are
tied during construction. Until the keystone is inserted an arch has no strength and need the
centering to keep the voussiers in their correct relative positions. A simple centering
without a truss is called a common centering. The cross piece connecting centering frames
are called a lag.

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The centering is normally made of wood timbers, which was a relatively straightforward
structure in a simple arch or vault, but with more complex shapes, involving double
curvature, which as a small dome or the bottle-shaped flues of the kitchens of some
Norman period houses, clay or sand bound by a weak lime mortar mix could be used.

8.5 STAGING:
Materials such as wooden ballies, pipes, props, jacks which support both shuttering &
centering are known as Staging.

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 CONCLUSION

On concluding the training report, I would like to say that I got a good overview of Jaipur
development authority (JDA). I learnt about the practical knowledge at site such as brick
masonry, column and beams construction, shuttering and reinforcement. Learnt about
many instruments at the site. I think this training of 45 days will come good in future use.
Apart from my area of project I also got an idea that “How to do work at construction site”,
which is important in my future.

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