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Dr Vince’s Physics Advanced level Test: Grade 10, Chapter 4 (24_04_01)

Time allowed: 86 min; Answer ALL Questions: Pass ≥ 86 %, Distinction ≥ 95 %
1. Are the following statements True (or) False? [6 marks]
(i) The mass of an object depends on temperature. (False) [1]
(ii) The volume of an object depends on temperature. (True) [1]
(iii) The density of an object depends on temperature. (True) [1]
(iv) Average density of human body is a little less than 1000 kg m-3. (True) [1]
(v) If the hydrometer floats higher, it indicates that the liquid has a higher density. (True) [1]
(vi) When an object is placed in a liquid of a lower density, the object sinks (True) [1]

2. Fill in the blanks. [7 marks]

(i) The study of fluids at rest is called _______. (hydrostatics) [1]
(ii) The study of fluids in motion is called _______. (hydrodynamics) [1]
(iii) The mass of an object can be measured using a _______. (balance) [1]
(iv) The volume of an [irregular] object can be measured using a _______. (measuring cylinder) [1]
(v) Relative density is how much a substance is denser than _______. (water) [1]
(vi) Relative density is also known as _______. (specific gravity) [1]
(vii) The density of the acid in a fully charged car battery is _______. (1.25 × 103 kg m-3) [1]

3. Choose the correct answer. Just write the question number and the correct letter. [7 marks]
(i) The relative density of the hydrometer must be _______. (A) [1]
A. less than 1 B. greater than 1 C. equal to 1
(ii) The physical quantity that does not change with temperature is _______. (C) [1]
A. density B. volume C. mass
(iii) The relative density of ice is _______. (A) [1]
A. less than 1 B. greater than 1 C. equal to 1
(iv) The relative density of human body is _______. (A) [1]
A. less than 1 B. greater than 1 C. equal to 1
(v) If a body floats in a liquid, its weight is _______ the upward thrust. (B) [1]
A. less than B. equal to C. greater than
(vi) If a body floats in a liquid, its relative density _______. (A) [1]
A. is less than 1 B. cannot be determined C. is greater than 1
(vii) The pressure exerted by a man be largest when he is _______. (A) [1]
A. standing B. sitting C. lying
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4. (a) (i) Define pressure. Is it vector? Explain.

(i) Pressure is the force acting normally per unit area. [1]
Scalar. Because it has no (unique) direction. [1]
4. (a) (ii) A tricycle tire has 6 cm  5 cm area touching the ground. The mass of the tricycle is 30 kg, the mass
of the cyclist is 50 kg, and the mass of the load on the tricycle is 80 kg. Find the minimum pressure needed
in the tire. Will the pressure be larger or smaller, if the contact area is increased?
(ii) area A = 3 (6 cm  5 cm) = 90 cm2 = 90 × 10-4 m2
total mass m = 30 + 50 + 80 = 160 kg
weight w = m g = 160 × 10 = 1600 N [1, 0, 1]
F w 1600 [1, 0, 1]
p   = 1.778 × 105 Pa
A A 90 104
Smaller (because the larger the contact area, the smaller the pressure.) [1]
4. (b) (i) Can we add up the masses of the two bodies? Can we add up the volumes of the two bodies? Can
we add up the densities of the two bodies?
(i) Yes. Yes. No. [1, 1, 1]
4. (b) (ii) An alloy is made by mixing 360 g of copper, of density 9 g cm-3, with 80 g of iron, of density 8 g cm-3.
Find the relative density of the alloy. Will this alloy float in water?
mc 360 [1]
(ii) volume of copper Vc   = 40 cm3
c 9
mi 80 [1]
volume of iron Vi   = 10 cm3
i 8
Total mass m = 360 + 80 = 440 g
Total volume V = 40 + 10 = 50 cm3
m 440 [1]
Average density    = 8.8 g cm-3
V 50
 8.8 [1]
Relative density RD   = 8.8
 water 1
No. (because RD > 1] [1]
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5. (a) (i) Which body will sink in water, and which will float?
(i) The body whose density is greater than that of water will sink in water. [1]
(OR) The body whose relative density is greater than 1 will sink in water.
(OR) The body whose density is greater than 1000 kg m-3 (1 g cm-3) will sink in water.
The body whose density is less than that of water will float in water. [1]
(OR) The body whose relative density is less than 1 will float in water.
(OR) The body whose density is less than 1000 kg m-3 (1 g cm-3) will float in water.
5. (a) (ii) A weighted rod floats in water with 10 cm of its length submerged. If it floats in a liquid with 8 cm
submerged, find the density of the liquid. Can we used a rod of density 1200 kg m-3 in this case? Explain.
(ii) upward thrust of water = weight of the rod [1]
upward thrust of liquid = weight of the rod
upward thrust of water = upward thrust of liquid
 w gVsw  l gVsl [1]
 w Ahsw  l Ahsl [1]

 w hsw 1000 10 102

l   2
= 1250 kg m-3 [1]
hsl 8 10
No. (Because RD > 1) [1]
5. (b) (i) What is a hydrometer? Can it be used to measure the density of solid?
(i) An instrument for measuring the densities or relative densities of liquids. [1]
No. [1]
5. (b) (ii) A concrete slab 1.0 m by 0.5 m by 0.1 m has a mass of 120 kg. What is the relative density of the
concrete? What is the maximum pressure exerted by it, if it is placed on a flat surface?
volume V = 5 × 10-2 m3
m 120
Density    = 2.4 × 103 kg m-3 [1,0,1]
V 5  102
 2.4 103
Relative density RD   = 2.4 [1]
 water 103
F w mg 120  10
maximum pressure pmax     = 2.4 × 104 Pa [1, 0, 1,1]
Amin Amin Amin 0.05