CHEMISTRY

CH 14 AND 15
DIKSHA-11
JIYA-12
VANESSA-13
HRITIKA-14
KASHISH-15
TVISHA-16
 Agenda
1-reaction of
metals with hcl and
H2so4
2-Redox reaction
01
REACTION OF
METALS WITH
HCL AND
H2SO4
NATURE OF HCL AND H2S04
HCL-HYDROCHLORIC
ACID
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a
strong, corrosive, and
highly acidic chemical
compound. It is a colorless,
pungent-smelling solution
of hydrogen chloride gas
dissolved in water.
H2S04-SULFURIC ACID
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a
strong and highly corrosive
acid with a wide range of
industrial and laboratory
applications.
REACTION WITH DILUTE
HYRDROCHLORIC ACID
Moderately reactive metals such as magnesium, zinc or iron can
be reacted safely with dilute acids to produce hydrogen gas,

Metal+hydrochloric acid ->Metal chloride+Hydrogen

EXAMPLES INCLUDE:
Iron+Hydrochloric acid->Iron(II) Chloride+hydorgen
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
Zinc+Hydrochloric acid->Zinc Chloride+Hydrogen
Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2
 REACTION WITH DILUTE
SULFURIC ACID
Metals- Iron, Aluminum, Zinc, Magnesium
Basic Equation
Metal +Sulfuric Acid->Metal sulfate+ Hydrogen
Examples Include
Iron+Sulfuric Acid->Iron(II)Sulfate+Hydrogen
Fe+H2SO40>FeS04+H2
Magnesium+Sulfuric acid->Magnesium sulfate+Hydrogen
Mg+H2SO4->MgSO4+H2
OBSERVATIONS
02
REDOX
REACTION
 DEFINE
A redox (reduction-oxidation)
reaction is a chemical reaction in
which there is a transfer of electrons
between two or more substances. In a
redox reaction, one substance
undergoes oxidation (loses electrons)
while another substance undergoes
reduction (gains electrons).
 01 OXIDATION
The substance that loses electrons during the
reaction is said to be oxidized. In this process, the
substance's oxidation state (oxidation number)
increases. Oxidation is often associated with the
loss of hydrogen atoms, gain of oxygen atoms, or
the loss of electrons.

02 REDUCTION
The substance that gains electrons during the
reaction is said to be reduced. In this process,
the substance's oxidation state decreases.
Reduction is often associated with the gain of
hydrogen atoms, loss of oxygen atoms, or the
gain of electrons.
 03 ELECTRON TRANSFER
Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons
from the reducing agent (the substance that gets
oxidized) to the oxidizing agent (the substance
that gets reduced). This electron transfer is what
characterizes redox reactions.
CONSERVATION
04 OF CHARGE
In a redox reaction, the total
charge is conserved. The electrons
lost by the oxidized substance are
gained by the reduced substance,
ensuring that the net charge
remains constant.
 04 FORMATION OF NEW
SUBSTANCE
Redox reactions result in the formation of
new chemical compounds as a result of the
changes in the oxidation states of the reacting
substances.

05 OXIDATION NUMBER
Oxidation numbers are used to track changes
in the oxidation states of elements during a
redox reaction. An increase in oxidation
number indicates oxidation, while a decrease
indicates reduction.
 COMMON
EXAMPLES
The rusting of iron (Fe) where iron is oxidized to form iron oxide.
The combustion of fuels, such as the burning of hydrocarbons (e.g.,
methane or gasoline) in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide
and water.
The electron transfer in electrochemical cells, such as batteries and fuel
cells.
Biological processes like photosynthesis (where carbon dioxide is reduced
to glucose) and cellular respiration (where glucose is oxidized to produce
energy).
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