Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NIGERIA.
BY
USMAN SULEIMAN MUHAMMAD
17/46393U/2
JULY, 2023.
1|Page
ABSTRACT
Jos, Plateau State as mandated by the National University Commission as a partial fulfilment
In this report, it can be found that my training mostly comprised of acquiring skills needed
The report discusses the skills I acquired during my training period while justifying the
student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) as a relevant method of arming the
2|Page
CERTIFICATION
wrote this report for the SIWES I undertook at OTEC Engineering company located at
Mile 7, Zaria road, OPP. PHCN Transmission Station, Jos, Plateau state for the
duration of 24 weeks and the report was then submitted to the Department of
3|Page
DEDICATION
4|Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My gratitude goes first and foremost to Allah (S.W.T) for my life, my health and all the
blessing I’ve received throughout my life and for giving me all the help I needed to
successfully complete my industrial training. I’d also like to thank my parents for all the love,
care and support they’ve given me over the years. I’d like to thank my esteemed lecturers for
all the knowledge and discipline they’ve impacted into me throughout my stay in the
university. I’d also like to thank my industry - based SIWES coordinator Engr. Benjamin
Ojegbile for imparting a wealth of knowledge and experience into me during my training
program. And last but most certainly not the least I’d like to thank my humble friend Yahaya
Muritala for his honest advices, both the direct, indirect and subtle ones. And also, for his
logical arguments that make me think and rethink opinions I might have previously not given
5|Page
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………… 2
CERTIFICATION……………………………………………………………………... 3
DEDICATION………………....………………………………………………………. 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………… 5
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………. 7
CHAPTER 2: GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT …………………. 8 - 10
CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION/SERVICES/INSTITUITION …. 11 - 25
INDUSTRIAL EXPERIENCE AND PROBLEMS ………………………………… 26
CONCLUSION ………………………………………………………………………. 27
6|Page
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
SIWES was founded in 1973 by ITF (Industrial Training Funds) to address the
Nigerian industries. The Students' Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) was founded
Polytechnics and colleges of education for the industrial work situation to be met after
graduation.
This system facilitates the transfer from the classroom to the workplace and aids in the
application of knowledge. The program allows students to become acquainted with and
exposed to the experience required in handling and operating equipment and machinery that
7|Page
CHAPTER 2: GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
I carried out my SIWES at BAO High Tech Machinery Jos, located at Mile 7 Zaria
Road, Opposite PHCN Transmission Station, Jos, Plateau State. I began my training on the
manufacturing) like turning, drilling, milling and others in order to produce machine
components and elements or adjust the dimensions of machine components and elements for
8|Page
ORGANIZATIONAL SET-UP OF THE COMPANY
DIRECTOR
TECHNICIANS TECHNICIANS
LATHE MILLING
9|Page
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
For any company/institution looking to thrive, it must as a general rule abide by certain
ethics/codes of conduct, that is why at BAO High Tech Machinery, all staff/employees are
mandated to keep to principles such as punctuality, diligence at work, honesty, integrity and
dedication as that is the only way to maintain quality and reliability in the services provided
10 | P a g e
CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION/SERVICES/INSTITUITION
3.1: ERGONOMICS
It is the company policy to maintain a safe and healthy working environment for all its
documented company health and safety policy. However, through a system of documented
working instructions, the responsibility for the physical enforcement of the safety policy will
be delegated to other senior managers and supervisors for their particular areas.
As seen in all fields and branches of engineering, safety is one of the top priorities that is why
at BAO High Tech Machinery, the safety of employees is of utmost importance and the
- Long hair and loose clothes must be restrained in a manner that will not allow them to be
caught in machines.
- Safety Googles must be worn while welding and also when using the lathe machine to
- Grinding wheels shall not be operated in excess of the speed recommended by the
manufacturer.
11 | P a g e
- Check the recommended rpm against that of the shaft or motor before mounting a new
wheel.
- Check all grinding wheels for chips and cracks before use.
- Face shields, safety glasses, or chipper’s goggles shall be worn at all times when grinding or
- Gloves shall not be worn while grinding, nor will cloth be used to hold work pieces.
- When using lathe machines Chip guards should be used in operations that could endanger
PLANNING
BAO High Tech Machinery operates a planning and management system based on Microsoft
Project. The systems encompass the activities of Planning, Engineering, Document Control,
Material Control. These total management packages allow the effective scheduling of all
activities in a “real time” environment giving the level of control to allow the effective
12 | P a g e
3.2: PRODUCT/SERVICES
The company produces different machine components and also adjust/change the size of
achieve positive results. Below are some of the machines used to perform these operations
1. LATHE MACHINE
A lathe machine is a machine that ‘s used to remove unwanted metals from the work piece to
give the desired shape and size. It is also known as “Center Lathe” because of two centers
- The main function of Lathe machine is to remove excess material in the form of chips by
13 | P a g e
- This is accomplished by holding the work securely and rigidly on the machine and then
turning it against cutting tool which will remove metal from the work.
- To cut the material properly the tool should be harder than the material of the work piece,
should be rigidly held on the machine and should be fed or progress in a definite way relative
to the work.
2. HYDRAULIC PRESS
14 | P a g e
Hydraulic press depends on Pascal's principle: The pressure throughout a closed system is
constant. One part of the system is a piston acting as a pump, with a modest mechanical force
acting on a small cross-sectional area; the other part is a piston with a larger area which
generates a correspondingly large mechanical force. Only small-diameter tubing (which more
easily resists pressure) is needed if the pump is separated from the press cylinder.
3. DRILL PRESS
The drill press is a motorized tool designed to bore holes in wood, metal or plastic. Like a
handheld drill, drill presses utilize various types of bits to make holes of different diameters.
But unlike a handheld drill, drill presses are stationary or bench-top machines. If you need a
drilling tool only for small home repairs and the occasional woodworking project, a drill
press probably isn’t for you. But if you’d like to get serious about working with wood or
metal, a drill press will make it easier to bore precise holes, countersink or counter bore those
A full-sized stationary drill press is heavy, relatively expensive and takes up valuable floor
space in your work area. But what the drill press lacks in portability, it makes up for in power
and precision. Unlike handheld drills which rely on arm strength and the steadiness of the
operator to drill an accurate, clean hole, drill presses are precise by design. A rotating handle
controls the descent of a spinning mechanism called the spindle (the bit is held in a chuck on
the end of this spindle), which can only move vertically. This makes perfectly precise holes
much easier to create. All models have a depth stop, for creating holes of consistent depth.
15 | P a g e
4. MILLING MACHINE
A milling machine is a machine which removes the material from the work piece by feeding
the work piece past a rotating multipoint cutter. The metal removal rate is very high as the
This may be done varying direction at an angle with the axis, cutter head speed, and pressure.
16 | P a g e
Working principle of Milling machine
-Milling machine employed in the metal removing operation in which the work is rigidly
clamped on the table of the machine and the revolving cutter which has multiple teeth is
- The cutter revolves at high speed and the work is fed slowly past the cutter.
- The work can be fed in a vertical, longitudinal, or cross direction depending upon the type
- As the work proceeds, the cutter-teeth removes the metal from the surface of the job(work
17 | P a g e
5. MAGNETIC DRILL
A magnetic drill press is a machine that works faster compared to old technical machines
such as drill presses, geared drill presses, mill drills, or radial arm drill presses.
It is a portable machine and can make holes above 12 mm in diameter. You can use twist drill
bits if you need to make a hole below 12 mm in diameter. The core drill bits used for mag
drill machines are produced from high-speed steels (HSS) and tungsten carbide tips (TCT).
You can decide on the HSS and TCT depending on the nature of the material you need to
drill.
Annual cutters with a magnetic drill press provide an accuracy of 0.005 mm up to 0.001 mm
The magnetic drill press is available in various sizes, designs, and shapes. You can choose the
type of mag drill considering the purpose of the machine. It combines a robust
electromagnetic base, which enables the drill to adhere to the carbon steel surface. You can
operate it from multiple angles, such as horizontally, vertically, and upside down.
18 | P a g e
6. ANGLE GRINDER
An angle grinder is a handheld power tool that can be used for a variety of metal fabrication
jobs that include cutting, grinding, deburring, finishing and polishing. The most common
types of angle grinders are powered by electricity; either corded or battery powered.
As the name suggests, angle grinders have a cutting head at an angled position on the drive
shaft. This allows the tool to be used for sharpening, polishing, and cutting. Depending on the
model you get, they can come in many sizes or be corded or cordless.
The primary purpose of an angle grinder is to grind metal. It achieves this with the use of
abrasive grinding discs that come in a range of materials, like aluminum, carbide, and
diamond-tipped discs. Attach a grinding disc and turn on the grinder to start the disc spinning
rapidly. Press the abrasive disc to the target metal to flatten, smooth, or completely remove
19 | P a g e
3.3: QUALITY ENGINEERING
The prime objectives of the management of BAO High Tech Machinery is to provide services
this objective, it is policy of BAO High Tech Machinery to establish and maintain an efficient
Quality Assurance program planned and developed in conjunction with all management
functions.
For the accomplishment of this purpose, the company uses tools such as
20 | P a g e
Vernier calipers
Thread Gauge
21 | P a g e
A thread gauge is a measuring instrument that is used to pitch of a thread
A measuring device used for measuring the diameters of small objects such as a thin wire or a
pin.
22 | P a g e
Measuring tape
V-Blocks
Protractors
A simple measuring instrument with the shape of a semi-circle used for measuring angles
23 | P a g e
Internal caliper
A caliper used for measuring internal dimensions like the internal diameter of a pipe.
External caliper
A caliper used for measuring external dimensions like the outer diameter of a cylinder.
24 | P a g e
Set Square
a flat piece of metal or plastic in the shape of a triangle with one angle of 90°, used for
drawing angles
25 | P a g e
The maintenance policy of the company is based on rules and regulations that ensure that it's
equipment and facilities are properly maintained. Below are some of the rules and
regulations.
- When a grinder is first turned on, do not stand in line with the grinding wheel. If any
wobble or vibration is noticed, the machine must be turned off and repaired.
- Lathe machines should not be stopped with tool bit in the cut, or with feed clutch engaged.
- Tools or other equipment shall not be stored on top of the head stock of the lathe machine.
- When using the lathe machine, coolants must be constantly applied on cutting tools except
- When using the drilling machines, coolants must be applied to drill bits at all times
In addition to these rules, the work shop maintenance department also run a bi-weekly
services on the machines to reduce the risk of any problems arising in the machines.
26 | P a g e
INDUSTRIAL EXPERIENCE AND PROBLEM
During my Industrial training, one of the lathe machines got faulty and couldn't perform
operations automatically because the knob on the carriage used for engaging the lead screw
suddenly stopped working properly in the sense that when it’s moved into the position to
engage the lead screw which is upward, it just drops back into its initial position which is
downward.
We then decided to uncouple the carriage to find out where the problem was and we found
out that the gear that engages the lead screw had worn-out so we replaced it and lubricated
the entire carriage internally and coupled it back to the lathe machine.
From this work I learned how the gears in the carriage connect and engage the lead screw and
feed rood
27 | P a g e
CONCLUSIONS
As a requirement for partial fulfilment of the mechanical engineering program and other
engineering programs, the Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is one of
the most crucial part of our education as it not only exposes the student to the practical
application of the theoretical knowledge he has already acquired, it also exposes him/her to
the day to day challenges of the working world thereby making him/her much more prepared
for the requirements and expectations of the professional working world that awaits him after
28 | P a g e