Experiment#7

Design OP – Amp as an active Band Stop filter.

7.1 Aim:

To study the characteristics of OP-Amp as Band Stop filter

To observe the frequency response of OP-Amp as Band Stop filter

7.2 Apparatus:

1. OP-Amp 741 × 2
2. Oscillator
3. Oscilloscope
4. Connecting wires
5. Bread board trainer
6. Resistors (1K, 10K)
7. Capacitor (100µF)

7.3 Theory:

A band stop filter, also known as a notch filter or reject filter, is a type of electronic filter that attenuates
or rejects a specific range of frequencies while allowing all other frequencies to pass through relatively
unimpeded. It is the opposite of a band pass filter, which allows a specific range of frequencies to pass
while attenuating frequencies outside that range.
The working principle of a band stop filter involves creating a notch or dip in the frequency response at
the desired frequency range to be attenuated. This can be achieved using various circuit configurations,
such as active filters, passive filters, or digital filters. One common approach is to combine a high-pass
filter and a low-pass filter in parallel to create the notch. The high-pass filter allows frequencies above the
notch frequency to pass through, while attenuating frequencies below it. The low-pass filter, on the other
hand, allows frequencies below the notch frequency to pass through, while attenuating frequencies above
it. By combining the outputs of these filters, a notch or dip is created at the notch frequency. The notch
frequency can be determined by the design parameters of the band stop filter. The bandwidth of the notch,
also known as the stopband, represents the range of frequencies around the notch frequency that will be
attenuated.
Band stop filters find applications in various areas, including audio processing, telecommunications,
biomedical signal analysis, and interference rejection in electronic systems. They are used to eliminate or
reduce specific unwanted frequencies or interference that may be present in a signal, ensuring a cleaner
and more accurate output.
7.4 Circuit Diagram:

Figure:7.1 Band Stop filter

7.5 Procedure:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the above diagram.

2. Connect the High pass and Low pass filter in series
3. Connect the output terminal with oscilloscope.
4. Tabulate the input and output waveforms.

7.6 Observation:

Figure 7.2 Input and output waveform Figure 7.3 Frequency Responce