Generic Name / Drug Indication Contraindication Side Effect Nursing Consideration

Brand Name / Classification

Dosage and
Frequency
LOSARTAN (ARBs) IT IS WIDELY USED CONTRAINDICATED  FEELING DIZZY -MONITOR SYMPTOMS OF
(COZAAR) ANGIOTENSIN TO TREAT HIGH IN PATIENTS WITH A  DIARRHOEA HIGH PLASMA POTASSIUM
RECEPTOR BLOOD PRESSURE HISTORY OF RENAL  PAIN IN MUSLE AND LEVEL (HYPERKALEMIA)
BLOCKERS (HYPERTENSION) ARTERY STENOSIS, JOINTS INCLUDING BRADYCARDIA,
AND HEART FAILURE RENAL  VOMITING FATIGUE , WEAKNESS ,
IMPAIRMENT ,  NAUSEA NUMBNESS AND TINGING
IT IS ALSO PROTECT HEPATIC  HEADACHES
YOUR KIDNEYS IF IMPAIRMENT. -NOTIFY PHYSICIAN
YOU HAVE BOTH CAUTION IF VOLUME BECAUSE SEVERE CASES
KIDNEY DISEASE DEPLETION , CAN LEAD TO LIFE-
AND DIABETES HYPONATREMIA OR THREATENING
(DIABETIC KIDNEY SEVER (CHF) ARRHYTHMIAS AND
DISEASE) CONGESTIVE HEART PARALYSIS
FAILURE
IT WORKS BY -MONITOR SIGNS OF
RELAXES AND HYPOGLYCEMIA
WIDEN OUR BLOOD
VESSELS. IT LOWER
OUR BLOOD
PRESSURE AND
MAKE IT EASIER FOR
OUR HEART TO
PUMP BLOOD.
POTASSIUM (A12BA01) IT MAINTAIN CONTRAINDICATED  ABDOMINAL PAIN  ARRANGE FOR SERIAL
CHLORIDE POTASSIUM INTRACELLULAR IF THE PATIENT IS  DIARRHEA SERUM POTASSIUM
(KALIUM CONTAINING TONICITY, THE ALLERGY TO IT. IF  NAUSEA LEVELS BERORE AND
DURULE) PREPARATION TRANSMISSION OF THE PATIENT  ULCERATION DURING THERAPY
NERVE IMPULSES, HAVING  STRICTURE/STENOSIS  ADMINISTER LIQUID
THE RENAL HYPERKALEMIA OF THE ESOPHAGUS FORM TO ANY PATIENT
FUNCTION AND THE (HIGH LEVEL OF OR SMALL INTESTINE WITH DELAYED GI
CONRACTION OF POTASSIUM IN THE  RASH EMPTYING.
CARDIAC , SKELETAL BLOOD) OR IF THE  ADMINISTER ORAL
SMOOTH MUSCLE. PATIENT TAKE DRUG AFTER MEANLS
“POTASSIUM- OR WITH FOOD AND A
SPARING” DIURETIC. FULL OF GLASS OF
PATIENT WITH WATER TO DECREASE GI
HYPERKALEMIA , UPSET
CKD , SYSTEMIC
ACIDOSIS, SERVERE
DEHYDRATION ,
EXTENSIVE TISSUE
BREAKDOWN AS IN
SEVERE BURNS ,
ADRENAL
INSUFFICIENCY.
Lactulose Laxatives , Lactulose use as Contraindicated in  Diarrhea  Explain purpose of
Osmotic , laxative in the patients who require  Vomiting lactulose to patient
Ammonium treatment of chronic a low galacatose diet  Muscle  Encourage patients to
Detoxicants. constipation in viz. Cramps/weakness use other forms of
adults and geriatric Galactosemia ,and in  Irregular heartbeat bowel regulation, such
patients. gastroentestinal  Mental/mood us increasing bulk in the
obstruction. changes diet, increasing fluid
Used for Chronic  Seizures intake , and increasing
constipation  Hyperglycemia mobility
 Caution patients that
Lactulose is used in Tell your doctor right this medication may
preventing and away if you have any cause belching ,
treating clinical serious side effects, flatulence , or
portal-systemic including: diarrhea, abdominal cramping
encephalopathy. Its vomiting, muscle  May cause increase in
chief mechanism of cramps/weakness, blood glucose level in
action is by irregular heartbeat, patient with diabetes
decreasing the mental/mood
intestinal changes, seizures.
production and
absorption of
ammonia. It has also
gained popularity as
a potential
therapeutic agent
for the management
of subacute clinical
encephalopathy.
Cefixime 200mg Cephalosporin Cefixime is used to You should not take  Abdominal or  If your or your child's
Antibiotics treat certain cefixime if you are stomach pain symptoms do not
infections caused by allergic to cefixime,  Agitation improve within a few
bacteria such as or to similar  Black , tarry stools days, or if they become
bronchitis (infection antibiotics, such as  Bleeding gums worse, check with your
of the airway tubes Ceftin, Cefzil, Keflex,  Blistering , peeling , doctor.
leading to the Omnicef, and others. or loosening of the  This medicine may
lungs); gonorrhea (a Tell your doctor if skin cause serious allergic
sexually transmitted you are allergic to  Blood in the urine or reactions, including
disease); and penicillins. stool anaphylaxis.
infections of the  Chest pain Anaphylaxis can be life-
ears, throat, tonsils, Cefixime is  Clay-colored stools threatening and
and urinary tract. contraindicated in requires immediate
Cefixime is in a class patients with known medical attention. Call
of medications allergy to the your doctor right away
called cephalosporin cephalosporin group if you or your child has a
antibiotics. of antibiotics. rash, itching,
hoarseness, trouble
breathing, trouble
swallowing, or any
swelling of your hands,
face, or mouth while
you are using this
medicine.
Atrovastatin HMG-CoA Atorvastatin is used Atorvastatin Memory and emotional  Dosages for adults:
reductase together with a contraindications changes, headache, Dosage is dependent on
inhibitors , or proper diet to lower include patients with drowsiness, abnormal use. For dyslipidemias
statins cholesterol and hypersensitivity to dreams and primary
triglyceride (fats) any of its Poor coordination, hypercholesterolemia:1
levels in the blood. components. Female numbness, nerve 0–80 mg/day.
This medicine may patients should also damage, weakness
help prevent avoid atorvastatin if Orthostatic hypotension,  For prevention of
medical problems they are nursing. If palpitations, arrhythmias cardiovascular disease:
(eg, chest pain, patients require Vision changes, eye 10 mg/day.
heart attack, or atorvastatin therapy, hemorrhage, dry eyes
stroke) that are they should receive Hearing loss, ringing in  For the prevention of
caused by fats direction to the ears (tinnitus) stroke and MI with type
clogging the blood discontinue Nose bleeding, swelling 2 DM: dosage depends
vessels. breastfeeding. of the sinuses (sinusitis) on baseline LDL/
Loss of taste, mouth cholesterol, the goal of
Do not use if sores, dry mouth, gingival therapy, and patient
sensitive to other bleeding, dysphagia response.
antihyperlipidemic Changes in appetite,
agents nausea, vomiting,  Dosages for elderly:
Do not use with diarrhea, constipation, Dosage is dependent on
hepatic disease or abdominal discomfort, use, baseline LDL/
unexplained stomach ulcers cholesterol, the goal of
elevated serum liver Blood in the stool therapy, and patient
enzymes (melena), intestinal gas response. For
Not for use during (flatulence) dyslipidemias: 10–80
pregnancy or Blood in the urine mg/day.
breastfeeding (hematuria), changes in
Avoid using other urination, bladder or  Dosages for children 10-
HMGCoA reductase kidney 17 years old: Dosage is
inhibitors dependent on use. For
Take caution in heterozygous
patients with hypercholesterolemia:
hypotension, 10-20
uncontrolled mg/day.inflammation,
seizures, muscle renal stones
disease, alcoholism,
and severe
metabolic,
endocrine, or
electrolyte disorders
Carefully use
atorvastatin with
cyclosporine,
protease inhibitors,
colchicine, niacin,
clarithromycin, or
grapefruit juice
Take caution in
women of
childbearing age and
children younger
than age 18
Ketaanalouge Nutritional Alpha Ketoanalogue Contraindicated to Alpha Ketoanalogue is  Check the medication
Supplements is a nutritional Hypercalcaemia, not associated with any ticket due for the shift
supplement disturbed amino acid serious side effects, compare and verly it
indicated to improve metabolism. In case however, hypercalcemia with the doctors order
kidney health in of hereditary is the most common side patient’s cart
patients diagnosed phenylketonuria it effect. Your healthcare  Follow the 10 rights of
with chronic kidney has to be taken into provider will regularly drug administration
disease by account that monitor your serum before giving the
decreasing uremic Ketoanalogues + calcium levels to check medication to the
toxins, reducing Essential Amino for hypercalcemia and patient
proteinuria, delaying Acids contains would suggest reducing  Check for history of
the onset of dialysis phenylalanine. No the intake of calcium and allergies.
treatment and experience has been vitamin D sources.  Assess and monitor
improving made so far with the electrolyte levels,
metabolism application in especially calcium.
pregnancy and  Assess and monitor
paediatrics. BUN.
 Obtain baseline data
for vital signs, especially
BP
Sodium Alkalinizing Sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate  Metabolic alkalosis.  Keep sodium
Bicarbonate Agents reduces stomach Injection, USP is  Headache. bicarbonate ampules
acid. It is used as ancontraindicated in  Muscle pain and handy for emergency
antacid to treat patients who are twitching. administration. Monitor
heartburn, losing chloride by  Nausea or vomiting. vital signs, laboratory
indigestion, and vomiting or from  Bradypnea. results and level of
upset stomach. continuous  Nervousness or consciousness
Sodium bicarbonate gastrointestinal restlessness. frequently. Watch out
is a very quick-actingsuction, and in  Unpleasant taste. for signs of decreasing
antacid. patients receiving  Increased frequency level of consciousness.
diuretics known to in urination. Record intake and
Sodium Bicarbonate produce a output accurately to
Injection, USP is hypochloremic monitor renal function
indicated in the alkalosis.
treatment of
metabolic acidosis
which may occur in
severe renal
disease,
uncontrolled
diabetes, circulatory
insufficiency due to
shock or severe
dehydration,
extracorporeal
circulation of blood,
cardiac arrest and
severe primary lactic
 acidosis.
Sevelamer Prosphate Sevelamer is used to Sevelamer  diarrhea.  Because sevelamer is
Binders treat hydrochloride is  vomiting. not absorbed into the
hyperphosphatemia contraindicated in  nausea. bloodstream, it is not
(too much patients with bowel  stomach pain. expected to be harmful
phosphate in the obstruction.  gas. to a nursing baby.
blood) in patients Sevelamer  heartburn.
with chronic kidney hydrochloride is  new or worsening
disease who are on contraindicated in constipation.
dialysis. This patients with known
medicine is available hypersensitivity to
only with your sevelamer
doctor's hydrochloride or to
prescription. This any of the excipients.
product is available
in the following
dosage forms:
Powder for
Suspension
Trimetazadine Partial fatty acid Trimetazidine (TMZ) Avoid use during  Trimetazidine has a  Trimetazidine may
oxidation is a medication used pregnancy. significant side cause dizziness or
inhibitors to treat heart- Significant: New- effects profile, with drowsiness. If affected,
related conditions onset or worsening the most common do not drive or take
like angina. It helps of parkinsonian adverse reactions part in any activity in
metabolize fatty symptoms (e.g. being nausea, which you need to be
acids, which helps akinesia, hypertonia, vomiting, fatigue, alert. Other side effects
your body use tremor). Cardiac dizziness, and include any of the
oxygen. The drug disorders: Rarely, myalgia. The drug following: stomach
allows for more palpitations, can induce or pain, diarrhoea,
blood flow to your extrasystoles, increase indigestion, nausea,
heart and limits tachycardia. parkinsonian vomiting, headache,
quick changes in Gastrointestinal symptoms: weakness or lack of
your blood pressure. disorders: Nausea, extrapyramidal energy, skin rash and
This can help lessen vomiting, abdominal rigidity, bradykinesia, itching.
chest pain from pain, diarrhoea, and tremor.
blocked blood dyspepsia.
vessels.
Amiodarone Anti-arrhytmic Amiodarone is a You should not use  Cough.  You'll want to monitor
drug class III amiodarone if you  dizziness, the EKG continuously
antiarrhythmic have: a serious heart lightheadedness, or during IV amiodarone
indicated for the condition called "AV fainting. infusion and initiation of
treatment of block" (2nd or 3rd  fever (slight) PO therapy.
recurrent degree), unless you  numbness or tingling Amiodarone can cause
hemodynamically have a pacemaker; a in the fingers or toes. pulmonary toxicity and
unstable ventricular history of slow  painful breathing. ARDS, so monitor your
tachycardia and heartbeats that have  sensitivity of the skin patient's respiratory
recurrent caused you to faint; to sunlight. status carefully.
ventricular or. if your heart  trembling or shaking Patients taking
fibrillation. cannot pump blood of the hands. amiodarone long-term
Amiodarone is a properly  trouble with walking. should get regular chest
benzofuran  x-rays and pulmonary
derivative, anti- function tests
arrhythmic drug
used commonly in a
variety of settings.
Fluimucil Mucolytics Fluimucil is a brand  Children under  Vomiting  Assess for possible
name for the age of 2  Stomach upset contraindications and
acetylcysteine years because  Painful swelling cautions: any history of
sachets and tablets mucolytics can  Fever allergy to the drug;
which may be used cause  Chest tightness persistent cough due to
to clear phlegm and respiratory  Runny Nose smoking, asthma, or
liquefy thick and obstruction.  Rash emphysema, which
viscous mucus  People with a  Diarrhoea would be cautions to
secretions caused by known the use of the drug; and
respiratory hypersensitivity very productive cough,
conditions such as to Fluimucil, which would indicate an
acute bronchitis, acetylcysteine, underlying problem that
chronic bronchitis, or any of the should be evaluated.
cystic fibrosis, inactive
pneumonia, ingredients
pulmonary contained in
emphysema, or Fluimucil.
bronchiectasis.  Women who are
pregnant or
breastfeeding
except on
medical advice.
 Antitussive
drugs and
mucolytic agents
like
acetylcysteine
should not be
concurrently
administered
because the
reduction in
cough reflex
could lead to
accumulation of
bronchial
secretions.
Doxofylline Xanthines Doxofylline is  contraindicated  Doxofylline may  Monitor patient
indicated for the in individuals cause any of the response to the drug
treatment of with known following side (improved airflow, ease
bronchial asthma, hypersensitivity effects: headache, of respirations,
pulmonary disease to the drug or fast and irregular improved breathing).
with spastic other xanthine heartbeat, nausea, Monitor for adverse
bronchial derivatives. It is vomiting, stomach effects (CNS effects,
component and also pain, irritability, increased pulse or
Chronic Obstructive contraindicated difficulty sleeping, blood pressure, GI
Pulmonary Disease in patients with and fast and irregular upset, dry skin, and
(COPD). This acute breathing. Inform mucous membranes).
product is myocardial your doctor if any of
contraindicated in infarction, these side effects do
individuals who hypotension and not go away or are
have shown during lactation. severe, or if you
hypersensitivity to experience other
its components. side effects.

Donepezil Cholinesterase Donepezil is used to  Donepezil is  Diarrhea.  When administering

Inhibitors treat dementia contraindicated  loss of appetite. donepezil, nurses
(memory loss and for patients with  muscle cramps. should be sure to
mental changes) a known  nausea. administer with food in
associated with hypersensitivity  trouble in sleeping. order to minimize GI
mild, moderate, or to donepezil  unusual tiredness or upset. Donepezil should
severe Alzheimer's hydrochloride or weakness. be taken once per day,
disease. Donepezil piperidine  vomiting. typically in the morning
will not cure derivatives. to reduce side effects
Alzheimer's disease, Donepezil and related to sleep quality
and it will not stop other and nightmares.
the disease from cholinomimetic Donepezil may increase
getting worse. agents have the liver enzyme levels.
However, it can potential to
improve thinking trigger seizures.
ability in some Therefore,
patients. clinicians should
be cautious
when
prescribing it to
patients with a
history of
seizure disorder
Glumet Biguanide Type 2 diabetes  Hypersensitivity.  Nausea.  Evaluate GFR before
Hypoglycemic mellitus; an adjunct Unstable and/or  Mild diarrhoea. starting the drug
Agent to diet and exercise. type 1 DM,  Stomach pain.  Metformin should be
May be used as history of lactic  Altered taste used with caution while
monotherapy or in acidosis, acute sensations. nursing newborn and
combination with or chronic  Loss of appetite. premature infants and
other oral metabolic  Vitamin B12 those with renal
antidiabetic agents acidosis, severe deficiency (low level impairment
or with insulin. renal of vitamin B12 in
impairment blood)
It lowers total (eGFR <30  Skin rash, redness,
cholesterol, mean mL/min/1.73 itching.
fasting serum m2), acute  Lactic acidosis (too
triglycerides and low conditions that much acid in the
density lipoprotein may alter renal body)
cholesterol levels; it function, tissue
has no adverse hypoxia, acute
effects on other lipid or chronic
levels. Glumet 850 alcoholism,
mg: Metformin is a severe liver
biguanide disease.
hypoglycemic agent
lowering both basal
and postprandial
plasma glucose.
Prozelax Alpha- Treatment of the  Tamsulosin  Headache, infection,  Tamsulosin is used to
Adrenoreceptor functional hydrochloride asthenia, pain, back treat BPH. Nursing
Antagonists symptoms of benign capsules are pain, chest pain, Considerations: Avoid
prostatic contraindicated abdominal pain, using with other alpha-
hyperplasia (BPH) in patients accidental injury, flu blockers. Tamsulosin is
including bladder known to be syndrome, neck pain, contraindicated with
outlet obstruction. hypersensitive fever, chills, malaise, strong CYP3A4
Tamsulosin is not to tamsulosin fatigue. inhibitors such as
intended for use as hydrochloride or ketoconazole. Assess
an antihypertensive any component and monitor blood
drug. of tamsulosin pressure, especially
hydrochloride after first dose because
capsules. tamsulosin may cause
Reactions have orthostatic
included skin hypotension.
rash, urticaria,
pruritus,
angioedema,
and respiratory
symptoms [see
Adverse
Reactions (6.2)].