Frame-by-Frame Analysis of

3D Building
Problem Description

Bay width in X direction: 3 m

Bay width in Y direction: 3 m
Storey height: 3m

All members: 300 x 300 mm

Young’s modulus: 200 GPa
Shear modulus: 77 GPa
Shear area coefficient: 0.83

2
Loads applied (Span)

3
Loads applied (Joint)

4
Degrees of Freedom of Building

6 degrees of freedom
at each node

7 8 9 16 17 18 25 26 27

4 5 6 13 14 15 22 23 24

1 2 3 10 11 12 19 20 21

Nodes at Z = 0 m Nodes at Z = 3 m Nodes at Z = 6 m

Degrees of Freedom at node k 5

6k-5, 6k-4, 6k-3, 6k-2, 6k-1, 6k

Individual Frames
Degree of Freedom :
9 nodes x 3 dof @ each node
– 27 dof

Degree of Freedom :
27 nodes x 6 dof @ each node
– 162 dof

6
Degrees of Freedom of Plane Frame

3 degrees of freedom
at each node

7 8 9

4 5 6

1 2 3

Nodes for Plane Frame

Degrees of Freedom at node j 7

3j-2, 3j-1, 3j
 Individual Frames
Degree of Freedom :
9 nodes x 3 dof @ each node
– 27 dof

K 6element
6
, global
 T ' K 6element
6
, local
T
FE6element
1
, global
 T ' FE6element
1
, local

all members
K frame , global
2727  Assembly of i 1
K element , global
all members
FE frame , global
271  Assembly of i 1
FE element , global

8
Frame to Building transformation

3 dof in frame @ node j

6 dof in building @ node k
building
 vx 
v 
 u1 
frame
 y
u  frame building
 vz 
 2  T36  
   31  x  9

 y 
 
 z  61
Frame to Building transformation

For example take the XZ-plane at y=0

3 dof in frame @ node j u2

6 dof in building @ node k
u1
θ
1 0 0 0 0 0 
T3frame
6
building
 0 0 1 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 1 0  10
Frame to Building transformation

Similarly, for any YZ plane

0 1 0 0 0 0 
T3frame
6
building
 0 0 1 0 0 0 
0 0 0 1 0 0 

11
 Frame to Building transformation
f b
U 271  T V
27162 1621

For any frame

9x3 dof in frame >> 27x6 dof in building

 
 
T27f 162
b
 Stacking of T3frame
6
building

 
  12
 Frame to Building transformation
node j in XZ frame >>> node k in building
T27f 162
b
V1621
U 271 6k-5 6k-4 6k-3 6k-2 6k-1 6k

. .
. .
. vx 6k-5

. vy 6k-4

. vz 6k-3

3j-2 u1 1 0 0 0 0 0 θx 6k-2

3j-1 u2 = 0 0 1 0 0 0 θy 6k-1

3j θ 0 0 0 0 -1 0 θz 6k

. .
. .
13
. .
. .
. .
 Frame to Building transformation
node j in YZ frame >>> node k in building
T27f 162
b
V1621
U 271 6k-5 6k-4 6k-3 6k-2 6k-1 6k

. .
. .
. vx 6k-5

. vy 6k-4

. vz 6k-3

3j-2 u1 0 -1 0 0 0 0 θx 6k-2

3j-1 u2 = 0 0 1 0 0 0 θy 6k-1

3j θ 0 0 0 -1 0 0 θz 6k

. .
. .
14
. .
. .
. .
Stiffness of building

K 27frame
27
, global
U frame , global
271  F frame , global
271  for each frame
building , global building , global
K162162 V1621  F building , global
1621

 T 'K T 
all frames
building,global f -b frame,global f -b
K162×162 = 27×162 27×27 27×162
i=1

 T 'FE
all frames
building,global f -b frame,global
FE162×1 = 27×162 27×1
i=1
building,global building,global building, joint 15
F162×1 = FE162×1 + F162×1
DoF excluded
• Degrees of freedom corresponding to the restraints
(supports)
• Degrees of freedom corresponding to torsional deflection
at every node has to be excluded
• Stiffness corresponding to torsional degrees of freedom is
not contributed by any of the planes.
• If we proceed without excluding torsional degrees of
freedom, stiffness matrix obtained will not be invertible

V building , global
901  K 9090 
building , global 1
F90building
1
, global

16
Results – Nodes at 2nd Floor
Δx (mm) Δz (mm) θx (degrees) θy (degrees)
Node
Number
MATLAB SAP MATLAB SAP MATLAB SAP MATLAB SAP

19 3.2839 3.1820 -0.0494 -0.0490 0.0062 0.0060 0.0193 0.0187

20 3.2839 3.1820 -0.0951 -0.0950 0.0000 0.0000 0.0193 0.0187

21 3.2839 3.1820 -0.0494 -0.0490 -0.0062 -0.0060 0.0193 0.0187

22 3.2545 3.1680 -0.1153 -0.1150 0.0062 0.0060 0.0076 0.0073

23 3.2545 3.1680 -0.1611 -0.1610 0.0000 0.0000 0.0076 0.0073

24 3.2545 3.1680 -0.1153 -0.1150 -0.0062 -0.0060 0.0076 0.0073

25 3.2412 3.1610 -0.0896 -0.0900 0.0062 0.0060 0.0070 0.0068

26 3.2412 3.1610 -0.1353 -0.1350 0.0000 0.0000 0.0070 0.0068

27 3.2412 3.1610 -0.0896 -0.0900 -0.0062 -0.0060 0.0070 0.0068

17
Results – Member Forces
Node 2

Node 1

Bending Moment
Axial Force (kN) Shear Force (kN)
(kN-m)
Node
MATLAB SAP MATLAB SAP MATLAB SAP

1 189 189 57 57 109 108

2 189 189 57 57 -62 -62

18