SINHGAD TECHNICAL EDUCATION SOCIETY’S

SINHGAD SPRING DALE PUBLIC SCHOOL

VADGAON (Bk.) – 411041

SENIOR SECONDARY

CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

NAME : PRANAV MILIND GODASE

STANDARD : XI - B
ROLL NUMBER : 20
BOARD ROLL NUMBER : __________________
SUBJECT : CHEMISTRY
SUBMISSION TO : Mrs. Nandini Kulkarni

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 CERTIFICATE

THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THIS CHEMISTRY

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT IS DEVELOPED BY PRANAV
MILIND GODASE OF CLASS 11 DIVISION B,
ROLL NUMBER 20 ON THE TOPIC :-
TO STUDY THE DIFFUSION OF SOLIDS IN LIQUIDS
HE HAS DEVELOPED THIS JOURNAL SUCCESSFULLY
UNDER MY GUIDANCE AS PRESCRIBED BY THE AISSCE
COURSE DURING THE SESSION 2022 – 23.

Teacher Incharge Internal Examiner

External Examiner Principal

(Mrs. Smita Sawant)

DATE : -

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 INDEX

SR.NO. DESCRIPTION PG.NO.

1. Acknowledgement 4

2. AIM (OBJECTIVE) 5

3. INTRODUCTION 6

4. EXPERIMENT - 1 7
 AIM
 REQUIREMENTS
 PROCEDURE
 CONCLUSION

5. EXPERIMENT - 2 9
 AIM
 REQUIREMENTS
 PROCEDURE
 OBSERVATION
 CONCLUSION

6. EXPERIMENT - 3 11
 AIM
 REQUIREMENTS
 PROCEDURE
 OBSERVATION
 CONCLUSION

7. RESULT 13

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY 14

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I must say thanks to my parents for the undivided support and

encouragement in making this project.

Our chemistry teacher, Mrs. Nandini Kulkarni Ma’am, I express my

sincere gratitudefor her vital support and encouragement. My project
would never have been done without her guidance. Who helped me
complete my project by giving the different references and ideas
which helped me make my idea of making this project easy and
thoughtful.

Special thanks to our principal Mrs. Smita Sawant for being our
guiding hand, a constant source of motivation and for her round-a-
clock support.

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  AIM
(OBJECTIVE)

The objective of the project is to : -

TO STUDY THE DIFFUSION OF SOLIDS IN LIQUIDS

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 INTRODUCTION

When substances are brought in contact with each other they intermix, this
property is known as Diffusion. This property of diffusion takes place very
rapidly in case of gases and to a lesser extent in case of liquids, whereas solids
do not show this process of diffusion with each other. But what we can observe
in case of solids is that the diffusion of solids in liquids takes place at a very
slow rate.

If a solid is kept in contact with an excess of solvent in which it is soluble, some

portion of the solid gets dissolved. We know that this process is known as
dissolution of a solid in liquid and this process has taken place due to the
diffusion of solid particles into liquid.

Molecules of solute are in constant random motion due to the collision between
molecules of solute and that of the solvent.

Rate of diffusion depends upon : -

Temperature: As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles
increases so the speed of particles also increases which thus increases the rate of
diffusion.
Size of the particle: As the size of particle increases, rate of diffusion
decreases.
Mass of the particle: As the mass of the particle increases the rate of diffusion
decreases.

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 EXPERIMENT - 1

AIM : - To study diffusion when copper sulphate is brought in contact

with water (liquid).

REQUIREMENTS : -
 Copper sulphate crystals
 100 mL Beaker.

PROCEDURE : -
 Take about 2g of copper sulphate crystals in 100ml beaker.
 Add about 50ml of water and allow it to stand for few minutes.
 Note the development of blue colour in water.
 Allow to stand further till it is observed that all copper sulphate
disappears.
 Note the blue colour change in water.

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CONCLUSION : -
When solids such as copper sulphate, potassium permanganate are brought
in contact with liquids such as water, intermixing of substances, i.e.
diffusion takes place.

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 EXPERIMENT - 2

AIM : - To study the effect of temperature on the rate of diffusion of

solids in liquids.

REQUIREMENTS : -
 Copper sulphate crystals.
 200ml beaker.
 Watch glass.
 Wire gauge.
 Burner.
 Tripod stand.
 Thermometer.
 Stop watch.

PROCEDURE : -
 Take 5g of copper sulphate each in three beakers.
 Pour 100ml of distilled water slowly in one of the beakers.
 Cover this beaker with a watch glass.
 Pour 100ml of cold water in a second beaker slowly.
 Place a third beaker containing 100ml of water on a tripod stand for
heating.
 Observe the diffusion process which begins in all the beakers.
 Record the time taken for the dissolution of copper sulphate in all
the three cases.

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OBSERVATION : -
S.NO. TEMPERATURE OF WATER TIME TAKEN TO
DIFFUSE
1 25 0C 18 minutes

2 10 0C 15 minutes

3 70 0C 7 minutes

CONCLUSION : -
The rate of diffusion of copper sulphate in water is in the order as given
below : -
Beaker 3 > Beaker 2 > Beaker 1
Thus, the rate of diffusion varies directly with temperature.

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 EXPERIMENT - 3

AIM : - To study the effect of size of particles on the rate of diffusion of

solids in liquids.

REQUIREMENTS : -
 Graduated 100ml measuring cylinders.
 Copper sulphate crystals of different sizes.
 Stop watch.

PROCEDURE : -
 Add 50ml of water to each of the three cylinders.
 Take 5g each of big size, medium size, small size crystals of copper
sulphate and add them separately in three cylinders.
 Allow to stand for sometime.
 Note the time taken for blue colour to reach any fixed mark in each
of the cylinders and note the observations.

OBSERVATIONS : -
S.NO. CRYSTAL SIZE TIME TAKEN TO DIFFUSE

1 Big 19 minutes

2 Medium 13 minutes

3 Small 5 minutes

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CONCLUSION : -
The rate of diffusion of copper sulphate in water is in the order as given
below : -
Beaker 3 > Beaker 2 > Beaker 1
Thus, smaller particles undergo diffusion more quickly than bigger
particles.

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 RESULTS

 When solids such as copper sulphate, potassium permanganate are

brought in contact with liquid such as water, intermixing of the
substances, i.e. diffusion takes place.
 The rate of diffusion varies directly with temperature.
 Small particles undergo diffusion more quickly than bigger particles.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS : -
 Chemistry (Part1) – Textbook for Class XII; National Council
of Educational Research and Training.
 Chemistry Lab Manual for Class XII; Saraswati Publications.

WEBSITES : -
 http://www.cbseportal.com
 https://www.icbse.com

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