Force

1 (a) Match each of the following situations with the types of force involved.
PL2

Situations Types of force

(i)
Elastic force

Frictional force

(ii)
1+]=
2+2 = Gravitational force

[2 marks]
objects by using a spring
(b) The diagram below shows the measurement of the weight of some
PL3 balance. HEBAT SAINS MODUL 12

Write weight and unit of each object in the table below.

Objects Weight

(i) A bowl

(ii) A rock

(2 marks]
Force
Th
the friction between a wooden block and the table
2 Liza carried out the activity below to measure table below showe
activity is repeated byplacing the wooden block on a glass sheet and sandpaper. The
the results obtained by Liza.
Glass sheet
Types of surface Table Sandpaper
Reading of the spring balance 4
(N)

(a) State the unit of the reading of the spring balance.

PL2
[1 mark
of the spring
(b) (i) Based on the results on the above table, draw a bar chart to show the reading
PL3 balance against the types of surface.

[2 marks]
(ii) State the relationship between the types of surface and the reading of the spring balance.
PL3
The the surface is, the the frictional force will be.
[lmark]
(c) What is an inference for the observation shown in the above table? Hors) Analysing
PL4|
The acting on arough surface is than smooth surface.
[lmark]
(d) Suggest a way to reduce the frictional force on the wooden block. HOTS) Applying
PL4

[lmark]
Effects of Force
4 (a) SSyahir mneasures the mass of a glass of ice and a glass of water as shown in the diagram below.
the water is heavier than the ice.
Both have the same volume. He found that

ice
water

i) How does the mass of a substance affect its density?

PL2
The the mass of a substance is, the the density of the substance
will be.
[1 mark]
(iüi) Which substance has a lower density? Why? HOTS) Applying
PL3

[2 marks]
(ii) State the relationship between density and buoyancy.
PL2
The the density of a substance is, the the buoyancy of the substance
will be.
[l mark]
(b)
PL3
The diagram below shows the sea ice phenomenon in the Antarctic.

Relate the finding from the activity in 4(a) with the diagram shown
above. HOTS) Applying

[2 marks]
Effects of Force
s (a) The diagram below shows Haizan is holding a flag on the sports day.
riONE
PT3

fulcrum

(i) On the above diagram, label the positions of the effort and load.
PL2
[2 marks]

(ii) State the class of lever involved. Explain why. HOTS Analysing
PL4 class lever.
is located between the and
The [2 marks]
the flag for a long time. Explain how Haizan
(b) Haizan feels that her hands are tired after holding
HOTS Evaluating
PL5 should hold the flag so that less effort is required.
should hold a part of the flagpole.
Her
effort from the fulcrum
so that the effort in holding flag
The distance of the

[2 marks]

diagram below shows Sofea is sweeping rubbish by using a broom. The length of the broom
(c) The is needed
the end of the broomn. Calculate the effort that
PL3 is 14m. Her hand is placed 0.2 m from
rubbish is 2.5 N.
if the weight of the

[2 marks]
Effects of Force
shown in the diagram
6 (a) In school, Faris carried out an activity to show that air produces pressure as
PL3

coldwater is poured
over the can

stopper

water
vapour

boiled water

Explain why the can becomnes dented. HOTS) Applying

The inside the can to form water,, causing the pressure inside the

can to

The outside the can which is will cause the can to become

[2 marks]
(b) When he went home, Faris was told by his mother to clean a fish aquarium. He wanted to try to
remove the water in the aquarium into a bucket by using a siphon. He tried several times but still
failed.

siphon.
aquarium

bucket

(i) State a mistake that might have caused the siphon not to function. HOTS) Analysing
PL4
He forgot to at the beginning.
[1mark]
(i) Explain how a siphon can function by relating to the principle of air pressure. HOTS Analysing
PL4|

[3 marks]
Effects of Force
7 Water will spurt out from the hole due to the pressure in the water as shown in the diagram below.
Then, another two evenly spaced holes are made on one side of the bottle. HEDAT SAINS MODUL 12

(a) On the above diagram, predict and sketch lines to show how the water will spurts out from holes
PL3 A and B.
[2 marks]
(b) What willyou observe if this bottle is changed to other bottle with a smaller area but the same
PLS height? HOTS Evaluating
The water will as before.
[1 mark]
(c) The base area of the bottle in the above diagram is 32 cm². The weight of the water above the
PL3 top hole, A, is 0.4 N. The weight of the water above the bottom hole, B, is 1.6 N. Calculate the
pressure at each of the holes. [Force = Weight of the water]

[2 marks]
(d) Mark ( ) for the correct statement about one pascal.
PL2
a surface of 1 m2.
(1) The pressure produced by a force of 1 N on
surface of 1 cm?.
() The pressure produced by a force of 1 N on a
[1 mark]
The diagram below shows that a gardener is trying to move a big and heavy stone.

(a) Explain howthe types of levers can be determined. HOTS) Analysing

[4 marks]
(b) Label the positions of the load and fulcrum on the above diagram.
[(2 marks]
(c) The diagram shows the gardener carrying his yield by using a wheelbarrow.

i) Suggest a way to modify the wheelbarrow so that the gardener can carry the same load with a
small effort. HOTS Creating

[lmark]
(ii) What is the advantage of the class of lever shown in the above diagram? HOTS Analysing

[lmark]