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Comparison between Harvard and IEEE referencing styles

Article · June 2018

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 Faculty of Information Technology, University of Benghazi.
Research Methods for Computer Science (GS 502)

Fares Younis Sh. fares.younis@uob.edu.ly

Dr.Kenz A Bozed. kenz.bozed@uob.edu.ly

10​ ​June​ 201​8

Report: comparison between Harvard and IEEE referencing styles.

This report describes the differences between referencing standards in Scientific research, as
well as the report is not covering the similarities.

Introduction :
For students and researchers reference management is the most strangling issue in their work
routine. They must re-type and format all bibliographic information time after time, for each
paper, assignment or thesis.

This is especially annoying if changes in the citation styles are in need. As this might happen
because supervisors request changes corresponding to the constant need to adjust citation
styles since almost every journal and conference has its own requirements; References are
managed in many different styles and guidelines such as American Psychological Association
(APA), ​The Harvard reference style​,Oxford and Chicago Footnote style, and Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineers (​IEEE​) style.

Terminologies :
● Footnotes​: area of the page which the reference or quotation that
they identify or supplement ends. Located at the bottom of the page[1].
● Citation: ​a word or piece of writing taken from a written work[2].

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Comparison:

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) style.

IEEE has a clear form of in-text citation at which only a number placed inside of brackets

is included in-text. This number will correspond to the numbered reference on the

Footnotes, and the numbers are ordered depending on reference's appearance in the

text. In case of reference has citation more than one time, you reference it with the

same number in which it appeared the first time. Which means references will only

appear once in Footnotes or References page, unlike other citation styles, it is not

required to add the author's name or the date of publication unless it is related or similar

publication.

Harvard style.

The most important part of Harvard in-text citation is acknowledging the author of an

information and the date the source which was published each time you use their

information and ideas by inserting the author’s family name/surname and year of

publication in the body of your work [3]. These author and date details, alongside with all

other identifying details (known as bibliographic details), such as the title of an

information source and where it was published, are also listed at the end of your work.

Finally all references sources are arranged alphabetically in a list at the end of your work

ordered by by author surname.

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 IEEE Citation style vs. Harvard Style

[4]

CONCLUSION:
Citations are not used simply to avoid plagiarism; there are other important advantages too,
Referencing allows you to acknowledge the contribution of other writers and researcher also a
way to give credit to the writers, Referencing is the best method to proof and provide evidence
emphasis the assertions and claims in our own work.

References must be accurate and clear, allowing readers to identify the sources of information
you we used. The best way to make sure our references are clear by following guidelines and
the formatting styles.

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References:
[1]C. Kothari, Research methodology, 2nd ed. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd.,

Publishers, 2004, p. 354.

[2]C. Dictionary, "citation Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary",

Dictionary.cambridge.org, 2018. [Online]. Available:

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/citation. [Accessed: 16- Jul- 2018].

[3]Swinburne Harvard brief guide. swinburne University, 2018, p. 1.

[4]j. beel, ieee-style-vs-harvard-style. 2012.

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