KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA

ARC CHARBATIA..

Chemistry Investigatory Project

on the topic “Dyeing of wool, silk
and cotton in malachite green”,
Name: Nirmal Chandra routray
Class: XII
Roll Number:
Guided by :Mrs.RICHA JAIN MAM
 Certificate Of Authenticity

This is to certify that NIRMAL CHANDRA

ROUTRAY, a student of class 12, has successfully
completed the research project on the topic
“Dyeing of wool, silk and cotton in malachite
green”, under the guidance of Mrs.Richa Jain.

This project is genuine and does not indulge in

plagiarism of any kind. References taken in
making this project have been declared at the
end of the report.

Student signature

Principal Chemistry Teacher External Examiner

 Acknowledgements

I feel proud to present my investigatory project

in chemistry on the topic “Dyeing of cotton, wool
and silk cloth in malachite green”, which aims at
studying the effectiveness of the dye on
different types of materials, under different
conditions. I would like to thank my principal
………………………………………and school for providing me
with facilities required to do my project

This project would not have been feasible

without the proper and rigorous guidance of my
chemistry teacher Mrs.RICHA JAIN.

An investigatory project involves experiments

that are very critical and in case of failure may
result in disastrous consequences. I would also
like to thank my parents and friends for their
suggestion and constructive criticism.
 Contents

1. Introduction
2. Objective
3. Theory
4. Requirements
5. Procedure
6. Observation
7. Conclusion
 Introduction

Dyes are coloured substances which can adhere to

the surface of materials and are used to give colour
to paper, food- stuffs and various textiles such as
cotton, wool, silk, synthetic fibres etc.
The dyed fabrics appear to be coloured because a
particular dye absorbs radiations of specific
wavelengths from the visible region of
electromagnetic radiations which fall on its surface.
The remaining radiations are reflected. The colour
observed is due to this reflected light.
Characteristics of a dye:
1. It must have a suitable colour.
2. It must be capable of being fixed to the material
3. When fixed it must be fast to detergents, soaps,
water, dry-cleaning solvents, light and dilute
acids.
Aim:
To dye wool, cotton and silk clothes with malachite green.

Requirements:
500ml beakers, tripod stand, wire gauze, glass rod, spatula, wool cloth,
cotton cloth and silk cloth. Sodium carbonate, tannic acid, tartaremetic
and malachite green.

Procedure:
1. Preparation of sodium carbonate solution.
Take about 0.5g if solid sodium carbonate and dissolve it in 250 ml
of water.

2. Preparation of tartaremtic solution.

Take about 0.2g of tartaremetic and dissolve it in 100ml of water
by stirring with the help of a glass rod.

3. Preparation of tannic acid solution.

Take 100 ml of water in a beaker and add about 1.0g of tannic acid
to it. Heat the solution. On heating a clear solution of tannic acid is
obtained.

4. Preparation of dye solution.

Take about 0.1g of malachite green dye and add to it 400 ml of
water. On warming a clear solution of the dye results.

5. Dyeing of wool and silk.

Take about 200ml dye solution and dip in it the woollen/ silk cloth
to be dyed. Boil the solution for about 2 minutes. After that remove
 the cloth and wash it with hot water 3-4 times, squeeze and keep it
for drying.

6. Dyeing of cotton.
Cotton does not absorb malachite green readily, therefore it
requires the use of a mordant. For dyeing a cotton cloth dip it in
sodium carbonate solution for about 10 minutes and then rinse with
water. Then put the cloth in hot tannic acid solution for about 5
minutes. Now take out the cloth from tannic acid solution and keep
it in tartaremetic solution for about 5 minutes. Remove the cloth
and squeeze it with the spatula to remove most of the solution.
Now place the cloth in boiling solution of the dye for about 2
minutes. Remove and wash the dyed cloth thouroughly with water,
squeeze and keep it for drying.

7. Dyeing of cotton directly.

Take another piece of cotton cloth and put it directly into boiling
solution of the dye. Keep it dipped for about 2 minutes. Remove
the cloth, wash with water, squeeze and keep it for drying.

Observations:

1. The colour of the wool cloth dyed directly by dipping in hot

solution of malachite green dye is fast.
2. The colour of cotton cloth dyed directly (without using mordant)
by dipping in hot solution of malachite green is not fast to washing
and is of low intensity.
3. The colour of cotton cloth dyed by using mordant and then by
dipping in hot solution of malachite green is fast to washing and is
of high intensity.
 4. The colour of the silk cloth is fast and is of high intensity.

Conclusion:

1. Wool and silk absorb the dye colour well.

2. Use of mordant helps in giving fast colour to the cotton cloth.