ea sa COA VIEC. LUA. CHON. PHUaNG PHAp GIANG DAY..

PHO HUP
o TRAN Quae KHANH*

1. Nhu cau Oe>1 mol phl1ang phap giong dQy hoc tQP.Ddi flJc;mgthorn gio hoc tQPthtJOngkha
(PPGD) xua't hl~n khl cdc PPGD truy~n thang 06ng nha't" coc lop hoc chinh quy nhung 1<;11 ra't
«khong au", <<khongh/~u qua" ~ chuy~n tOl kie'" 00 d<;lng" cQc-1ophQc khong chinh quy h) 09
thl1C,tri thl1Ckhoo hQCo~n ngool hQccung nhl1 tue>l,ki6n th"c n~n, kha nang ti~p thu, nhu cdu,
khong phat huy 0lJ9Ctfnh tich osc, chu 09n9, sang muc orch hQCtQPcho d~n cI9 tQPtrung, kha nang
tQOcue he. M¢t khac, Ii IUQnd<;lyhQCth~ giol ghl nho va vQn dyng ki~n thl1C,ki nang m61,thai
phat trl~n ra't m<;lnhme trong nherng thQP nien glan, kha nang tal chinh phyc vy hQCtQp... 6
gdn day da sang tQOra nhi~u PPghJP GV d~ nherng lOp hQc rna tinh c16ngnha'ttha'p, vl~ tim
dang 1'10chQn dg t6i IJU hoot cha't II1<;1ng hOQt ra PPGDthoa man nhu cdu mQIcl61tu'Q'ng10ra't
cl9ng DH cua minh. Tuynhlen, vi~ 11/0chQnPPGD kh6 khan. Thong thl10ng GV sa 1110 chQn PPth60
phI) hqp vol kle'nthuc cdn chuy~n tal luon Ia bel man dl1Qc phdn IOn cl61hJc;mgthorn gla kh6a
toon kh6 dai vol mQIGV; 10y~u t6 c6 tinh quy~t hQc 06. TI6p theo, vl~ tim hl~u cdn phal chu y
djnh d61vol thonh cong cua hQ tren byc glang. d6n vdn d~ trQng tam nha't " d61tI1QnghQCtQp
VQY, ngool thdy dlla tren co sO noo d~ 1110chQn 10: Nhcmg ngV&1he;>cmong mu6n nhgn avqc gl
va danh gla dQ phI) hqp cua PPminh 1'10chQn tV kh6a hQC/mon he;>c nay? Day chinh 10dQngco
dal vol kl6n thl1Ccdn chuy~n tal? D~ c6 dap an hQc tQP, ye'u ta chi phal thai d9 va tfnh tfch C'IC
<:hobel toon 1110chQn PPGDphI) hqp trooc he't cua ngOOihQCtrong qua trlnh hQC.Ngv&1 hQCse
cdn xac djnh th6 noo 10 «PPGD phI) hqp" vi Ir phon ung tfch cvc v61 PPGDglup cung cap cho
IUQnd<;lyhQcda chi ra rOngba'tCI1PPDHnoo, ca he;>cal he;>mong mu6n 6' kh6a hQC/mon hQCa6
truy~n thang I~n hi~n dQl, d~u c6 IJU the'vo hQn va phon ung tleu cvc v61cac PPkhong glup iJap
ch6 rleng, khong c6 PPt611JUcho mQIhoen canh ung aol hoi nay. Ne'u 10m9t kh6a hQCtQp hua'n
va n91dung 9lan9 d<;lY. hay m9t man hQCchuyen ngonh, cal ngool hQC
2. M9t PPGDdlJqCcoila phI) hqp khl n6 dap cdn thU'Cmg10 kr nang ngh~ nghl~p hoQc kl6n
"ng dl1Qc It nha't cac tieu chi dlJ6l day: 1) Lam th"c, kr nang m61 phyc vv thle't thllc cho cong
tlch eve h6a ngv&1 hQC: PP d6 phai dam bao vl~. Trong khl val cac kh6a hQCc6 ca'p bdng/
ngool hQCdl1Qchuy cl9ng va thorn gla tfch CIlC• chcJng ehTd~ hanh ngh~ thi nhu cdu c1Qtke'tqua
voo qua trinh tl6p thu va chl6m h'nhcac trl thl1C hQCtQp t6t nhom dQt dl1QcbOng ca'p vao cu61
va kr nang; 2) Chuydn tal avqe nhiing trl thue kh6a hQC10nhu cdu khong thi b6 qua. Luc nay
cdn thllt cua n(>1dung hge tgp aln ngv&1hQC:PP ngl16l hQCthuang quan tam d~n cac kh61 kle'n
d6 phai dam bao chuy~n tal dl1<;1c cac khal nl~m, th(rctrQngtam va ung hQcac PPGDglup hQchl6m
n91dung, kTnang co ban a~n ngl16l hQCva tQo h'nh dl1<;1ccac kle'n th"c trQng tam d6 va hoen
"ngl16l hQC;3) Tfnh khd thanh t6t cac bel thl, kl~m tro nhom dQt dl1Qc
ra S'I tte'pthu thuQn 1<;11
thl: M9t PPGDkhong thi coila phI) hqp n6u dOl bOng ca'p/ chtlng chi.
hoi cac dt~u kl~n thllc hi~n qua coo so vol co sO 2) Lva ehe;>nPPGD edn bam sat mile tieu aao
vQt cha't hl~n c6 cua co sO glang dQYva khong tgo c1d xae ajnh eho ngwi hge. Myc tleu dao tQo
c6 kha nang trl~n khol d6ng b9 tran dl~n r9ng. thU'Cmgdl1Qccy thi h6a thonh «ehucin c1&ura"
3. Tren co sO ba tieu chi di danh gla d9 «phi) cua cac co sO glao dvc va hJang I1ng vOl cac
hqp" k~ tren, chung tal d~ xu5t cac co sO d~ 1110 chl1OJ1gtrinh dao tQOda dl1<;1cco sO glao dvc
Ch9ndl1<;1c PPGDphI) hqp nhl! sou: thle't ke'. Chudn adu ra 10 nhang gl ma nhcmg
1) V/~ Iva ehe;>nPPGD edn dva tren v/~c tim ngu&i thl6t kl chucmg trinh gl60 d'le ki vc;mgngu&i
hidu ki a61 hft;mg tham gla hQCtgp. VI~c tim hl~u
cdn bat ddu vol tinh dang nha't cua d61 M;mg *Tl'IR)ngT52·BOC6tg.

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~T'~P~C_hi_G_la_'O_d~U_C_s6 __ (k_t_2_._~_20_'_2) ~
 h9C agt avqc khl hoan thanh chvong trinh h9C 111U nay. Glao an dl~n tV chi thl{CS'I phat huy SI{
tQp ad avqc thi6tk6. Chuan dau ra nay can dvqc lIU tr91val ccc mon hoc cdn mlnh h90 bang nhi~u
cv thg h6a thanh nhang gl ma GV kl v9n9 ngvOi hlnh ve, bl'u da, mo hlnh hoQcdv h~udo phuong
h9C agt avqc khl kit thac mtSl h9C phdn thuQc ti~n (multimedia).Con vl~ IQmdVnggiao an di~n
chllOng trlnh aao tao. Do d6, n6u PPGDkhong tV cho coc mon hoc If luon hoan rocn eho hieu
giup nguOl h9CdQtdlJqc nhang kl v9n9 nay hay qua tral nglJqcva 'phon glao due, ban than vi~C
n61coch khac 10 khongdQtchu6n iJ6u rathl khong lrng dvng CNTT trong giang dQYchvc phal 10
thg col d6 10 PPGDphu hqp. VI dial,mvc tleu cua d61 mal PPGD.Vein d~ meluch6t eua d61 mal
kh6a h9C 10 tQOra kr nang lam vi~ nh6m (team PPGD 10 phat huy tlnh tich ellc eua nguOl hge,
work) " nguOl h9Cthi cac PPGDnhl1DH theo dll lam cho nguOl hQ' thorn gla sou han nva, chu
an, theo nh6m... can dvqc lIU tien ap dvng. dQnghan nijo vao qua trlnh DH d' dQtdvqe eae
3) Lva Ch9n PPGDcdn cdn ccl vao nQIdung mve ~ieuDH. ..
kldn thvc cdn truy~n tal adn ngvOl h9C va cac Lila ehQnPPGDeho phI) hQPluon 10 m9t bai
OQcdl~m oQc thu cua men h9C. Cae IOQIkl6n toan kh6 val GV, nhelt 10 v61cac lop hQ' dong
thlrC khac nhau luon cdn cac PPkhac nhau dg nguOl va tlnh d6ng nheltthelp. Do d6, trong qua
truy~n tal mal c6 hi~Uqua. DI~u nay thg hl~n tlnh trinh 1110 eh9n PPGD,GV phal relttinh tao va th¢n
lIU va nhl1qCrleng cua m61PPGD.PPthuy6ttrlnh tr9n9, xem xet k6t hqp SllllU trQieua cae PPkhae
to ra reltc6 l1U th6 khl glong dQy cac men khoc nhau bol vi veind~ c6 tlnh nguyen tae 10 khong
hQ' I. IUQndOl hoi nguOl hQ' cdn lam vl~ nhl~u c6 PPnao hi~u qua val m91d51tuQng,nQIdung
val cac khal ni~m, dinh nghTa.Trong khl PPGD va hoOncanh gl6ng dQY.CJ
val thi nghl~m mlnh h9a to ra reltc6 hl~u qua val
Tai li~u tham khao
cac mon h9CdOl hoi hinh onh trl/c quan v~ cac 1. http://tuoitreonline.com. "DOi mcri phuong pbap
vein~ cdn truy~n tOl d6n nguOl hQ'. d~y hQc phai bllt dAu til dAu?"..
4} Lva Ch9n PPGDcdn tr6nh hal xu hv6ng: 2. http://tuoitreonline.eom. "DOi moo d~y hQc phai HI.
lang phi co sO vQt chelt hl~n c6 cua co sO glao nhu cAu bue thi~t eua giao vien".
dvc va tho6t Iy khal dl~u kl~n co sO vQtchelthl~n
SUMMARY
c6 cua co sO glao dyc. Lang phi co sO v¢t chelt
Teaching method Innovation Is one of the most
hl~n c6 cua co sO glao dyc 10 GV do hQnch6 v~ Important elements of educational Innovation. This
nang Illc.hoQcluOl bl6ng do khong Ilia ch9n va article helpsIdentify the concept ·sultable teaching
ap dvng cac PPGDt¢n dvng dvqc co sO v¢t chelt method' and give teachers some guIdes to choose
hl~n c6 cua nha truOng nhl1thl1vl~n, phong thr the suitable teaching methods.
nghl~m, phong nghe nhin, phong hQ' chuyen
dung, bal t¢p, mo hlnh... gay ra s'Ilang phr co
sO v¢t chelt do trang bi. SII tich C'lC cua nguOl
GlaD d\lC chovan nghIOp, •..
(Ti6p theo trang 8)
hQ' c6 mQt phdn Ian XUeltphat hi yeu cdu cua
GV d61val mon h9Cva nguOl hQ'. NguOl hQ' sa 6. Vdn ki~n D(li h~i D(li bitu Dang b~ tinh Tuyen
khong boo glo len thl1vi~n hoQc Internetd' tra Quang Ian thu XV.
ClrUcac thong tin cdn thl6t n6u cac yeu cau hQ' SUMMARY
tQP do GV c1Qtra c6 thg hoOn thanh mQt each Despite Its high rate of annual economic
development (about 14%), Tuyen Quang, a
nh~ nhang bang kl6nthlic c6 santrong gi60 trinh. mountainous province in the North-Eastof Vietnam,
Cang c6 nhvng GV do b! SIIhelpdan qua do cua remainsan under-developed and poor province with
cae PPGDcdn S'I h6 trQ cua cae thl6t bi kTthuQt annual GDPof about 720USDper head. Therefore,in
coo do 1110 ch9n cac PPGDdOl hoi SIItrang b! order to bring theprovtnce out of poverty and to build
It Into a quite developed one In the regIon,
v¢t cheltqua 100, vl1Qthdn nang I'lc cua co sO development of human resources has been
glao dvc rna hl~u qua giang dQy kheng l1U trQI considered asone of the strategicsolutionsduring the
soval cac PPkhac tl6t klem han do bl6n cac bu61 period from 2010 to 2015 with orientation to 2020.
hQ' thanh cac bu61trinh' dl~n cac phl.1Cmg tI~n kT Development of human resourses Includes
Improvement of professional school system and
thuQt han 10 glong dQy dung nghTa.Xu hl!6ng Increase In the rate of trained labour through
IQmdvng glao an dl~n higdn day trong dQIngu professionaland vocational training to cater for the
GV tra eung 10 mQtkhia cQnhbl'u hl~n cua trao needs of the economy.

~ __ s6_2_9_0~(k_._2_.~~_2~OI~2)
T~ap_C_h_i_G_la_O_dU~C